Cause and Effect Relationships - Kenai Peninsula Borough...
Transcript of Cause and Effect Relationships - Kenai Peninsula Borough...
Cause and Effect Relationshipsand American Civilizations
www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdPDn1KUz_A&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1
What are Cause and Effect Relationships?• Cause and effect relationships reflect the connections between one
event and another.
• Purpose: Explain why or how something happened/happens
• Cause = Why something happened/What made it happen
• Effect = What happened as a result of cause
Why do we use Cause and Effect statements?
• Identifying and understanding c/e relationships is crucial to the study of history!
• One of the reasons we study history is to understand why events took place and what effects they had on other events
How can you recognize Cause/Effect statements?
Signal Words or Phrases Within Text
Because Leads to On account of
So Consequently Outcome
Therefore When/if – then Effects of
As a result Reasons for Impact
Since Thus Influenced by
In order to Due to
Is caused by For this reason
Wisdom: Application
Cause: As a result of
getting up late this
morning…
Effect: …I was late for
school.
Cause: Early civilizations
needed permanent water
supplies for farming,
trading, and cities
Effect: …as a result all
early civilizations
developed along lakes,
rivers and coastal areas.
Wisdom: Extending the cause /effect relationship…
Cause
Because I got up
late this
morning…
Effect/Cause
…I was late to
school and
because I was
late to school…
Effect
…I had to get a
tardy pass from
the office.
Early cultures
had nature based
belief systems
(animism)…
…therefore their
geographical location
greatly influenced their
spirituality…
… those living near
mountains and volcanoes
had great reverence for
these geographical
features; similarily, a lion
was a powerful spirit in
Africa while a walrus had
great significance in
Alaska.
American Civilizations
• Maya
• Aztec
• Inca
Cause/Effect: American Civilizations
• How did the first people arrive in the Americas?
Cause Effect
Hunters followed herds of
bison and mammoths across
the Bering land bridge…
Leading to the gradual
population of North America,
Central America, and South
America.
As they populated the new
regions, the first Americans
adapted to a variety of new
environments…
Eventually learning to
domesticate plants and
animals.
With the ability to cultivate
crops and raise animals…
People began settling into
villages and cities and
populations expanded.
Maya• How did powerful city-states rise
and fall in Mayan civilization?
Cause Effect
The Maya developed advanced
farming techniques in which they
burned down forests and cleared
the land in order to plant on it…
These techniques allowed the
Maya to grow enough food to
support booming populations.
As the population of the Mayan
city-states continued to grow, more
forests were cleared for farming…
With more forests cleared for
farming, the Maya experienced
drought, erosion, and soil
depletion.
Drought led to crop failure, and
the Maya were faced with a
difficult choice: leave, or face
starvation…
The Maya were forced to abandon
their cities in the lowlands and live
in small farming villages.
Relevance: Deforestation today
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_x58Ypfzi0w
Aztecs: How did the Aztec empire gain its wealth and power?
Cause Effect
Bands of nomadic people
migrated into the central Mexico,
where (legend has it) they were
searching for a place to build a
city based on a sign from their
gods…
As a result, they built their
capital city, Tenochitlan, on a
swampy island in Lake Texcoco.
The Aztecs quickly outgrew their
island and surrounding areas…
Leading them to expand their
territory through war
As the Aztecs expanded their
territory and power through war,
they needed more wealth to
support their capital…
Therefore, the Aztecs took
tribute, or payment from
conquered peoples, in order to
turn their capital into a
magnificent city.
Relevance: Drug cartel kidnappings and extortion• http://world.time.com/2014/01/
17/mexico-drug-war-kidnapping/
Inca Civilization
• How did the Sapa Inca (Incan emperor) maintain such a large and efficient empire?
Cause Effect
The dynastic leader of a small
Andean kingdom built up a large
army…
Allowing him to expand his territory
and create an empire, proclaim
himself “Sapa Inca”, and lay claim
over everything within the new
empire.
By laying claim over everything
within the new empire and stripping
the people of all personal property…
The Sapa Inca cut out demand for
barter and sale, and instead kept the
people fed and public works projects
staffed by enforcing a labor tax.
The labor tax allowed the Sapa Inca
to assign jobs to each family and
organize the community to work the
land…
Which allowed him to maintain
control over every aspect of the
peoples’ lives, all while maintaining a
large, efficient empire.
Relevance: North Korea job assignments
Wisdom: Creating Relevant and Complex C/E Example
• World- Climate change creates severe weather patterns such as drought.
• National- Drought conditions throughout the US resulted in lower corn and wheat production.
• State- The majority of food consumed in Alaska is imported and shortages of wheat and corn will make food prices rise.
• Local/community- Combined with high energy costs, increased food costs will lead to less spending on leisure and recreational products.
• Personal- As a consequence of having less expendable assets, I am choosing not to go to Anchorage this weekend.
Relevant/Complex C/E Statements
Cause Effect (Remember the effect becomes the cause at the next level, change
the vocabulary)
World:
National
State
Local
Personal
Cause/Effect Assignment
•On a blank sheet of paper, create a relevant/ complexcause/effect statement about prehistory and/or early civilizations with a classmate.
Cause Effect (Remember the effect becomes the cause at the
next level, change the vocabulary)
World:
National
State
Local
Personal