Cattle Diseases Liver Fluke - Zoetis
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FOR ANIMALS. FOR HEALTH. FOR YOU. LIVER FLUKE Disease caused by liver fluke (fasciolosis) is an increasingly common, economically important parasitic disease of cattle in the UK. The disease is caused by the parasite Fasciola hepatica. Since around 2001, definite changes have been recorded in the regional prevalence, seasonality and severity of disease caused by fasciolosis infections of UK livestock, with particularly high prevalences following a series of wet years and concurrent spread from traditional fluke areas in western UK to normally drier and fluke-free eastern districts. Ja n F e b M a r A p r M a y J u n Jul A u g S e p O c t N o v D e c Adult flukes in bile ducts Mean day/night temp >10 0 C Immature flukes grow and migrate in liver tissue Metacercariae ingested Eggs hatch (miracidia) Fluke migrates to bile ducts Eggs accumulate on pasture M o is t h a b it a t M o ist h a b it a t M o i s t h a b i t a t I n t h e a n i m a l In th e a ni m al Cercariae encyst Life cycle of liver fluke Chronic fluke infection Acute fluke infection Time from uptake of metacercariae to fluke eggs in faeces = 10–12 weeks. Minimum time needed for 1 life cycle is 17–19 weeks. Chronic fasciolosis - Disease is caused by the presence of adult fluke in the bile ducts which feed on blood, leading to anaemia. Autumn-calving beef cows do not lactate well and have chronic diarrhoea with associated weight loss. In spring- calving beef cows, liver fluke exacerbates the metabolic demands of advanced pregnancy in cattle on marginal winter rations, resulting in the birth of weakly calves to cows with little milk. Co-grazing sheep and cattle will greatly increase the risk of liver fluke in cattle because infected sheep release much higher numbers of fluke eggs. Control programmes for liver fluke must take into account the farm history, geographical location and prevailing weather conditions local to the area. In areas with endemic fasciolosis, control relies heavily on strategic flukicide treatments. Black disease – is typically associated with migration of immature liver flukes during late summer/early autumn and can affect unvaccinated cattle of all ages. Clinical signs are rarely observed and cattle are simply found dead.
Transcript of Cattle Diseases Liver Fluke - Zoetis
FOR ANIMALS. FOR HEALTH. FOR YOU.
LIVER FLUKEDisease caused by liver fluke (fasciolosis) is an increasingly common, economically important parasitic disease of cattle in the UK. The disease is caused by the parasite Fasciola hepatica.
Since around 2001, definite changes have been recorded in the regional prevalence, seasonality and severity of disease caused by fasciolosis infections of UK livestock, with particularly high prevalences following a series of wet years and concurrent spread from traditional fluke areas in western UK to normally drier and fluke-free eastern districts.
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Adult flukesin bile ducts
Meanday/nighttemp >100C
Immatureflukes growand migrate in liver tissue
Metacercariae ingested
Eggs hatch (miracidia)
Fluke migrates to bile ducts
Eggs accumulateon pasture
Chronic fluke infection
Acute fluke infection
Time from uptake of metacercariae to fluke eggs in faeces = 10–12 weeks.Minimum time needed for 1 life cycle is 17–19 weeks.
Moist habitat
Moist habitat
Mo
ist
hab
itat
In t
he a
nim
al
In the animal
Cer
cari
aeen
cyst
Life cycle of liver fluke
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Adult flukesin bile ducts
Meanday/nighttemp >100C
Immatureflukes growand migrate in liver parenchyma
Metacercariae ingested
Eggs hatch (miracidia)
Fluke migrates to bile ducts
Eggs accumulateon pasture
Chronic fluke infection
Acute fluke infection
Time from uptake of metacercariae to fluke eggs in faeces = 10–12 weeks.Minimum time needed for 1 life cycle is 17–19 weeks.
Moist habitat
Moist habitat
Mo
ist
hab
itat
In t
he a
nim
al
In the animal
Cer
cari
aeen
cyst
Chronic fasciolosis - Disease is caused by the presence of adult fluke in the bile ducts which feed on blood, leading to anaemia. Autumn-calving beef cows do not lactate well and have chronic diarrhoea with associated weight loss. In spring-calving beef cows, liver fluke exacerbates the metabolic demands of advanced pregnancy in cattle on marginal winter rations, resulting in the birth of weakly calves to cows with little milk.
Co-grazing sheep and cattle will greatly increase the risk of liver fluke in cattle because infected sheep release much higher numbers of fluke eggs.
Control programmes for liver fluke must take into account the farm history, geographical location and prevailing weather conditions local to the area. In areas with endemic fasciolosis, control relies heavily on strategic flukicide treatments.
Black disease – is typically associated with migration of immature liver flukes during late summer/early autumn and can affect unvaccinated cattle of all ages. Clinical signs are rarely observed and cattle are simply found dead.
Zoetis Cattle 70ml Pour-on Applicator
CYDECTIN TriclaMox Pour-On Solution for Cattle
• Contains moxidectin
• Contains triclabendazole, established as the fl ukicide with activity against the widest range of fl uke maturity
• Kills liver fl uke and roundworms in a single treatment
• Easy to use and effective, saving time and cost
• 70ml pour-on applicator
• Variable dosing
• Tubing with anti-kink springs
Zoetis CATTLE 5ml Accurus™ Injector
Covexin 10
• Protects against 10 key clostridial bacteria
• Easy subcutaneous injection
• Provides up to 12 months protection
• 5ml bottle-mounted syringe (adjustable 1-5ml)
• Sterimatic clear needle guard for 12mm (1/2”) injection
• 3 x Stericap (100 doses per cap)
Zoetis CATTLE 5ml Accurus™ Injector
COVEXIN 8 Suspension for Injection
Proven protection against:
• 15ml multi-dose syringe variable 1-5ml
• 2 x 18g 1/2” needles
• Vented draw-off tube
• Operating instructions
TREATMENT OPTIONS
Fluke and Worm Pour-On for Cattle
moxidectin triclabendazole
• Bacterial redwater• Black disease• Blackleg• Braxy• Enterotoxaemia
• Gas gangrene• Haemorrhagic enteritis• Lamb dysentery• Pulpy kidney• Tetanus
Easy to use and effective, saving time and cost
Zoetis CATTLE 5ml Accurus™ Injector
Protects against 10 key clostridial bacteria
• 5ml bottle-mounted syringe (adjustable 1-5ml)
• Sterimatic clear needle guard
3 x Stericap (100 doses per cap)
Product infrormation: CYDECTIN TRICLAMOX 5 MG/ML + 200 MG/ML POUR-ON SOLUTION FOR CATTLE contains moxidectin and triclabendazole. For the treatment of mixed nematode and fl uke infections, and certain arthropod infestations caused by moxidectin and triclabendazole sensitive parasites. POM-VPS 3-ML COVEXIN 10 FOR SHEEP AND CATTLE contains C. perfringens type A toxoid, C. perfringens type B & C (ß) toxoid, C. perfringens type D toxoid (ε), C. chauvoei whole culture, C. novyi toxoid, C. septicum toxoid, C. tetani toxoid, C. sordellii toxoid, C. haemolyticum toxoid. For the active immunisation of sheep/cattle from 2 weeks of age against disease associated with infections caused by the above bacterium. POM-VPS COVEXIN 8 FOR SHEEP AND CATTLE contains C. perfringens Type B & C (ß) toxoid, C. perfringens Type D (ε) toxoid, C. haemolyticum, C. chauvoei whole culture, C. novyi Type B toxoid, C. septicum toxoid and C. tetani toxoid. For the active immunisation of sheep/cattle from 2 weeks of age against disease associated with infections caused by the above bacterium. POM-VPS
For further information please see the product’s SPC or contact Zoetis UK Limited, Walton Oaks, Dorking Road, Tadworth, Surrey KT20 7NS. www.zoetis.co.uk. Customer Support: 0845 300 8034. Use medicines responsibly (www.noah.co.uk/responsible). Date of preparation: April 2016 AH103/16
