Category 022 - Cement Concrete Products

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SGLS Category 22: Cement and Concrete Products

SINGAPORE GREEN

LABELLING SCHEMECERTIFICATION

GUIDECategory 22:

Cement and Concrete Products

Edition: 2Published date: 08 11 2013Effective date: 08 12 2013

These criteria have been prepared specifically for the Singapore Green Label Scheme. The SingaporeEnvironment Council accepts no responsibility for any use by any party of information in the document inany other context or for any other purpose.


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SGLS Category 22: Cement and Concrete Products

The Singapore Green Labelling Scheme (SGLS) was launched in May 1992 by the Ministry of the

Environment. It was handed over to the Singapore Environment Council (SEC) on 5 June 1999 and

is currently fully owned by the SEC.

The Green Label aims to help the public identify environment-friendly products that meet certaineco-standards specified by the scheme and seeks to encourage the level of eco-consumerism in

Singapore as well as to identify the growing demand for greener products in the market. The

scheme hopes to create a backlash effect, encouraging manufacturers to design and manufacturewith the environment in mind.

SEC is recognized as a member of the Global Ecolabelling Network (GEN), an association of

third-party, environmental performance recognition, certification and labelling organizations toimprove, promote, and develop the "ecolabelling" of products and services. The SGLS has been

successfully audited by the GEN as meeting ISO 14024 and ISO Guide 65 standards for the

GENICES accreditation in October 2011.

Green Label offers certification of a range of products in conformance with its standards. For

additional information on the SGLS or any of the SECs programmes, contact:

Singapore Green Labelling Scheme1 Kay Siang Road #04-02Singapore 248922

+65 6337 6062

[email protected]

www.sec.org.sg
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.sec.org.sg/http://www.sec.org.sg/http://www.sec.org.sg/http://www.sec.org.sg/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Table of Contents

I. Scope ................................................................................................................................................................... 4II. Rationale ............................................................................................................................................................. 4

III. Definitions....................................................................................................................................................... 4

IV. Green Label Certification Checklist ............................................................................................................... 7

A. General product performance requirement ........................................................................................................ 7

B. Health and environment criteria ......................................................................................................................... 7

C. Life cycle considerations .................................................................................................................................. 10

D. Labeling requirements (if applicable) .............................................................................................................. 11

E. Use of the green label ....................................................................................................................................... 11

V. References ......................................................................................................................................................... 12


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I. Scope

This category establishes criteria to label cement and products made from cement and concretethat utilizes:

supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) for cement (please refer to page 8 and 9 for

the list of SCM) concrete that utilize recycled aggregates (refer to page 10 for the list of recycled

aggregates)

concrete that utilize reused by product aggregate (refer to page 10 for the list of by

product aggregate).

II.

Rationale

The cement manufacturing process involves two major activities. First activity is obtaining and preparing

raw materials (and fuels) and then followed by second activity to manufacturing clinker and finishedcement. The major environmental issue of concern today related to clinker manufacture is that of carbon

dioxide (CO2) emissions produce during the calcinations and gaseous emissions from burning of largequantities of fuels resulting fuel combustions.

Some strategies to reduce CO2by cement industries can be achieved by installation of more fuel-efficient

kiln technologies, partial substitution of non-carbonate source of CO2in the kiln raw materials and partial

substitution of supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) additives, because SCM does not requirelarge amount of energy compare to clinker on the phase of cement production.

This Green Label is designed to support a continuing effort to improve and maintain environmental

quality by reducing energy and materials consumption to minimizing the impacts of pollution generated

by the production, use and disposal of cement and concrete products.

III.

Definitions

Addition Finely divided material used in concrete in order to improve certainproperties or to achieve special properties. This category addresses two

types of inorganic additions:

- Nearly inert additions (type I)- Pozzolanic or latent hydraulic additions (type II)

Admixture Material added during the mixing process of concrete in small quanititiesrelated to the mass of cement to modify the properties of fresh or hardened

concrete

Aggregates Granular mineral material suitable for use in concrete. Aggregates may

be natural, recycled from material previously used in construction or reusedby-product from by-products of industrial processes.

Cement Finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed with water, formsa paste that sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions and

processes and which, after hardening, retains its strength and stability


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even under water.

Concrete Material formed by mixing cement, coarse and fine aggregate and

water, with or without the incorporation of admixtures and additions,which develops its properties by hydration of the cement.

Copper Slag Copper slag is a by-product formed during the copper smelting process.The molten copper forms at the bottom of the furnace while molten slag isformed on top. The molten copper slag is then drained off and quenchedwith water or left in the air to cool.

Fly Ash Fly ash is one of the residues generated in combustion, and comprisesthe fine particles that rise with the flue gases. In an industrial context, flyash usually refers to ash produced during combustion of coal.

Ground Granu lated

Blastfurnace Slag

(GGBS)

Granulated blast furnace slag is a vitrified material made by rapid coolingof a slag melt of suitable composition, obtained by smelting iron ore in a

blast furnace, consisting of at least two-thirds by mass of glassy slag and

possessing hydraulic properties when suitably activated. Groundgranulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is fine powder made by grindinggranulated blast furnace slag.

Municipal Solid Waste

(MSW)

MSW, more commonly known as trash or garbage, consists ofeveryday items we use and then throw away, such as product packaging,grass clippings, furniture, clothing, bottles, food scraps, newspapers,

appliances, paint, and batteries. This comes from our homes, schools,hospitals, and businesses.

Precast Concrete Concrete product cast and cured in a place other than the finallocation of use.

Ready Mixed Concrete

(RMC)

Concrete delivered in a fresh state by a person or body who is notthe user. For the purpose of this category, RMC also refers to

concrete produced off site by the user, and concrete produced onsitebut not by the user.

Recycled Aggregates

(RA)

Recycled aggregates are aggregates derived from the processing ofmaterials previously used in a product and/or in construction.Examples include recycled concrete from construction and demolition

waste material (C&D), reclaimed aggregate from asphalt pavementand scrap tyres.

Reused by-product

aggregates

Reused by-product aggregates are aggregates produced from by-products of industrial processes. Examples include various aggregates

from iron and steel manufacturers.

Sil ica Fume It is an artificial pozzolana presented as a light-to-dark-gray-

ultrafine powder, produced in electric arc furnaces as a byproduct ofthe production of elemental silicon or alloys containing silicon; alsoknown as condensed silica fume and microsilica.


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Supplementary

Cementi tious Mater ials

(SCM)

Materials are generally byproduct from other processes or naturalmaterials that can be used as cement additive. (e.g. pozzolans, groundgranulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), fly ash)

Washed Copper Slag

(WCS)

Washed Copper Slag is a by-product washed to remove contaminated

rusts and paints through the several rounds of blasting copper slag inthe ship yards and/or refineries for grit blasting.


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IV.

Green Label Certification Checklist

A. General product performance requirement

Criteria Supporting Documents

1. Fit for useAs a prerequisite to apply for the Green Label, the product must first beshown to be of a minimum quality and able to perform its intended purpose.It is recommended that the product meets the performance requirements ofrelevant Singapore Standards: SS 26, SS EN 197-1, SS EN 206-1, SS 544-1

and 2, SS EN 12620, SS EN 15167-1and 2, CT 06 SAC and otherinternational standards such as ASTM C1157.

All relevant third partylaboratory test reports.

B. Health and environment criteria

2.

Environmental and Occupational Safety, Health and Quality managementguidelines

The company is required to have ISO (or equivalent) environmental,

occupational safety and health and quality management systems in place.

Emissions to the air and water during the production process shall be

controlled within the environment regulation limits set by the NEA in the

Code of Practice on Pollution Control (2000).

Overseas or local manufacturing facilities producing the products seekingendorsement under the Singapore Green Labelling Scheme shall comply

with the relevant local legislation.

Copy of valid ISO14001, OHSAS 18000and ISO9001 (orequivalent) managementcertifications,

or

environmental

management guidelines

and a declaration that the

company is in the processof obtaining the relevant

certifications

and

Documentation on the

manufacturing process

describing production

methods and materials

used.

3.

Standard Leaching Test

All cement and concrete products shall undergo a standard leaching test, which

tests for heavy metals and some organic compounds of environmental concern,

according to NEA guidelines.

Third party laboratory test

reports according to the

US EPA 1311 test

Toxicity Characteristic

Leaching Procedure

(TCLP)


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4. Cement

The product shall contain at least one of the following approved SCM containing theminimum percentage composition as specified below :

Criteria I: municipal Solid Waste (MSW) incineration fly ash 10% or more by mass of thetotal design of the final product. It sets out with reference to BCA Green Mark for New Non-Residential Building Version NRB/4.1 and New Residential Version RB/4.1

Criteria II: Family of common cements* It sets out with reference to the latest BS EN 197-12011, the family of common cements. We will also accept reference to SS EN 197-1 2008.

Supporting documentation anda declaration from theexecutive officers or relevantauthorized personnel of thecompany.

Main

Types Type of Cement GGBS Silica fume Pazzolana Fly ash Burnt shale Limestone

natural natural

calcined

Siliceous calcareous L LL

CEM II

Portlandslag cement

CEM II/A-S 6-20 - - - - - - - -

CEM II/B-S 21-35 - - - - - - - -

Portlandsilica fume

cement CEM II/A-D - 6-10 - - - - - - -

Portlandpozzolana

cement

CEM II/A-P - - 6-20 - - - - - -

CEM II/B-P - - 21-35 - - - - - -

CEM II/A-Q - - - 6-20 - - - - -

CEM II/B-Q - - - 21-35 - - - - -

Portlandfly ash

cement

CEM II/A-V - - - - 6-20 - - - -

CEM II/B-V - - - - 21-35 - - - -

CEM II/A-W - - - - - 6-20 - - -

CEM II/B-W - - - - - 21-35 - - -

Portlandburnt shale

cement

CEM II/A-T - - - - - - 6-20 - -

CEM II/B-T - - - - - - 21-35 - -


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Main

Types

Type of Cement GGBS Silica

fume

Pazzolana Fly ash Burnt

shale

Limestone

natural natural

calcined

Siliceous calcareous L LL

CEM II

Portland

limestone

cement

CEM II/A-L - - - - - - 6-20 -

CEM II/B-L - - - - - - - 21-35 -

CEM II/A-LL - - - - - - - - 6-20

CEM II/B-LL - - - - - - - - 21-35

Portland

composite

cement

CEM II A-M -------------------------------------------------------------------- 12-20 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

CEM II B-M -------------------------------------------------------------------- 21-35 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

CEM IIIBlast furnace

cement

CEM III/A 36-65 - - - - - - - -

CEM III/B 66-80 - - - - - - - -

CEM III/C 81-95 - - - - - - - -

CEM IVPozzolanic

cement

CEM IV/A - ----------------------------- 11-35 --------------------------------- - - -

CEM IV/B - ----------------------------- 36-55 --------------------------------- - - -

CEM VComposite

cement

CEM V/A - - -------------- 18-30 ---------------- - - -

CEM V/B - - -------------- 31-49 ---------------- - - - -

* Portland cement (CEM I) is excluded intentionally as it is 95-100% clinker in nature.


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5. Concrete - Precast Concrete, Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) and Non-Concrete Products

The final product must contain at least one of the following waste,

recycled and or by product materials composition.

Qualifying Content to Replace Aggregates:

Recycled Aggregate* : Reused by-product* : Washed Copper Slag ( >10%)** Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag

Recycled Concrete Aggregate

( >10%)** Granulated Blast Furnace Slag

Recycled Concrete andMasonry

Electric Arc Furnace Slag

Steel Furnace Slag

Fly Ash

Furnace Bottom Ash

Coal Washery Reject

Reclaimed Aggregate

Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement

Glass Cullet

Scrap Tyres

Used Foundry Sand or SpentFoundry Sand

*Publication made by Cement Concrete & Aggregate Australia for their report on Use of Recycled

Aggregates in Construction.

**Note: Percentage limit of use is derived from BCA Green Mark Scheme which permits maximum

replacement of the product by mass in the coarse aggregate for structural building elements.

Supporting

documentation detailing

percentage of aggregate

replacement usage in the

concrete and adeclaration from the

executive officers or

relevant authorized

personnel of the

company.

C. Life cycle considerations

6.

Storage of Raw Materials

The cement manufacturer must have policies and procedure

covering appropriate storage and handling of hazardous rawmaterials. The policies and procedure should ensure the hazardoussubstance is located and managed to prevent contamination ofsurface water or land.

Statement by the

company and signed byexecutive officers orauthorized representativeabout conformance of the

policies and procedure.

7.

Raw Material Processing

The fuel used within the kiln shall consist of alternative fuels

Statement from the

company signed byexecutive officers orauthorized representative

documentation ofpercentage of alternativefuel used annually.


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8. Waste Management

The cement manufacturer must have effective waste management

policies and procedure and/or a waste management programscovering manufacturing operations.

Statement by thecompany and signed byexecutive officers or

authorized representativedescribing the wastemanagement policies,

procedure and programs.

D. Labeling requirements (if applicable)

9.

Labeling

The label on the product should include the following

information, specific to the product or product type and also :

Cement or cement mixture packaging must labelled or givehazard statement May cause and allergic skin reaction.

Recommendation to consult local authorities for disposal or

recycling advice. If the manufacturer provides a take-backprogram, the label shall include instructions on how theproduct and packaging can be returned.

A sample of the productpackaging

E. Use of the green label

10.

Rules governing display of the Green Label

The Green Label Certification Mark may appear on the product,packaging, secondary documents, and promotional materials, only in

conjunction with the certified product.

The Green Label Certification Mark shall not be used in conjunction

with any modifying terms, phrases, or graphic images that mightmislead consumers as to the extent or nature of the certification.

A sample of the productpackaging


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V.

References

BCA: Green Mark for New Non-Residential Buildings Version NRB/ 4.1

BCA: Green Mark for New Residential Version RB/ 4.1 BS EN 197-1 : 2011 Cement Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for

common cements

US EPA 1311 test Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)

NEA Code of Practice on Pollution Control (2000 edition) (with amendments in Feb 2001, Jun 2002and Feb 2004)

The New Zealand Ecolabelling Trust, Licence Criteria for Paints (EC-42-10)

Cement Concrete & Aggregates Australia, Use of Recycled Aggregates in Construction, May 2008

SS EN 197-1: 2008 Specification for Cement, Part 1 Composition, specifications and conformity criteria

for common cements SS EN 206-1: 2009 Specification for Concrete, Part 1 Specification, performance, production and

conformity

SS 544-1: 2009 ConcreteComplementary Singapore Standard to SS EN 206-1, Part 1: Method ofspecifying and guidance for the specifier

SS 544-2: 2009 ConcreteComplementary Singapore Standard to SS EN 206-1, Part 2: Specification

for constituent materials and concrete

SS EN 12620: 2008 Specification for Aggregates for concrete, and its AMENDMENT No.1, May 2009

SS EN 15167-1: 2008 Specification for Ground granulated blast furnace slag for use in concrete, mortarand grout, Part 1Definitions, specifications and conformity criteria

SS EN 15167-2: 2008 Specification for Ground granulated blast furnace slag for use in concrete, mortarand grout, Part 2 Conformity evaluation

Category 022 - Cement Concrete Products

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