Catalyst and filter systems for EU6 and their recycling Dr ...
Transcript of Catalyst and filter systems for EU6 and their recycling Dr ...
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Catalyst and filter systems
for EU6 and their recycling
Dr.-Ir. Egbert S.J. LOX Umicore N.V./S.A.
Government Affairs
Broekstraat 31
BE-1000 Brussels
Belgium
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Take away’s
• Industry has proven over almost half a century it’s ability to generate the
technologies needed for meeting increasingly demanding emission limits
• Today’s vehicles have catalysts, electronic components and Li-ion batteries
that contain valuable metals that merit being recycled
• Recycling of emission control catalysts is a running business with overall
recycling efficiency depending today largely on how many of the end-of-life
catalysts are collected
• A substantial amount of the Platinum Group Metals needed for new
catalysts is already today supplied through this recycling activities
• Clean air and circular economy are economic activities with the potential to
create new jobs
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(Source : C. Meskers IARC 2013)
The evolution of mobility
+ steel alloys & decoration + catalyst
1920s
1950s 1980s
Power
Style Clean
air
Intelligence
+ electronics
+ aux. electric motors
+ lightweighting
2000s > 2010
+ NiMH/Li-Ion battery
+ FC stacks
+ e-drives
Low
carbon
1900s
Mobility
Metals*
Pb Cu Cr
Al Zn Pt Pd
Rh Ce La
Ga In
Sb Sn
Fe
Au
Ag Ge
Sm
Pr Nd
Mg Dy Tb
Ni Co Li Ru
*list only indicative
Christina Meskers
13th International Automobile Recycling
Congress
March 13 – 15, 2013
Brussels
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Historical evolution of catalytic aftertreatment for
Otto- and Diesel engines 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
(diesel) + NOx aftertreatment
(otto + diesel) + Particulate Numbers
(otto + diesel) + updated test cycles
(otto + diesel) + CO2 limits
(otto) CO & HC & NOx aftertreatment
(diesel) CO & HC & Particulate Mass aftertreatment
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Control of CO & HC & NOx & PM & PN :
internal combustion engine powertrains
Automotive
catalysts and
catalytic filters
Materials for
electronics
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TWC
TWC
Catalytic aftertreatment for Otto engines
Three Way Catalyst
Three way Catalyst
+ catalytic Gasoline
Particulate Filter
c-GPF
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Real World road durability validation Otto engine with TWC + c- GPF Particulate Number over durability distance
1,0E+13
engine out fresh
2,2E+12
1,0E+12
3,4E+11 2,3E+11
4,6E+10 5,2E+10
8,6E+10
5,0E+12
500 km 50 Kkm 100 Kkm 160 Kkm Engine out
@160 Kkm
1,0E+11
1,0E+11
PN EU6c
Pa
rtic
lua
tes N
ED
C [
#/k
m]
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NSC cDPF
DOC cDPF SCR
Urea
DOC
Urea DPF SCR
DOC SDPF
Urea
EU
6c/E
U7 /
RD
E
LE
V III
Urea
SDPF SCR NSC
light
Urea
SCR SDPF NSC
DiAir-
NSC cDPF
Di-Air
SCR NSC cDPF
Catalytic aftertreatment for Diesel engines
Incre
asin
g V
ehic
le W
eig
ht
/ N
Ox
Em
issio
ns
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9
Real Driving requirements guide especially
Diesel aftertreatment system development
Source : B. Krutsch, Minox 2012
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Steady growth in European LDV production
. . . but significant growth in catalyst demand . . .
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Mill
ion
s
LDV Production Catalyst Demand
Estimated catalyst demand LDV production
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11
Control of CO & HC & NOx & PM & PN
& CO2 : hybrid powertrains
Automotive catalysts &
catalytic filters
Components for
electronics
Battery materials
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Autocatalyst
Pt Pd
Rh Ce La
In Pd Ga
Sb Sn
Au
Ag Ge
Electronics
Cu Ni Co
Rechargeable
battery
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disassembly export 15 years
Closing the loop in automotive components
takes time … (source ARN report 2013)
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Refining
Shredding
Collection
Smelting
Dismantling
Recycling is a chain, not a single process
Number of actors
in European market
1,000’s
100’s
~ 10
10,000’s
High metallurgical recovery
rates are useless if collection is
poor, or metals are lost during
dismantling & shredding
Final step: smelting & refining of
scarce metals (PGMs, PMs, etc.)
global market
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Consumption of PGM for autocatalysts (‘000 tr.oz.)
15
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013(extrapto 4/Q's)
without recycling including recycling EU without recycling
EUR3 EUR4 EUR5
without recycling with recycling
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New pilot unit recycling, Hoboken, Belgium
New production site automotive catalysts
Bad Säckingen, Germany
Production expansion automotive catalysts
Florange, France
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Thanks to many colleagues for valuable
input and
Thank you for your
attention !