CASSIDYFORSYTHE · MXRoad (formerly MOSS) string modelling tools. Bentley Systems, who are the...

CASSIDY FORSYTHEHighway design and 3d modelling

I formed Cassidy Forsythe in July 2014 afterspending 5 years with Parsons Brinckerhoff. Thecompany was formed with the intention of providingthe best highway design and 3d modelling servicesto Local Authorities, Consultants, Architects andContractors.

I have over 35 years experience in highway design,having worked for numerous Local Authorities andConsulting Engineers.

We have extensive experience in the design ofhighway schemes, including feasibility studies,preliminary and detailed design, contractpreparation and construction supervision.

We offer a wide range of Highway Detailed DesignServices from the design of major bypasses tosignalised junctions and small improvement schemes,including footway schemes, junction re-alignmentsand roundabout designs for new developments.

We can also provide an earthworks modellingsolution, including the calculation of quantitiesfrom the model to allow for accurate costings tobe generated.

We aim to provide our clients with the higheststandard of engineering consultancy services.

We are firm believers in the power of 3d modellingand we believe that you should not be thinking in 3d– you should be viewing in 3d. In other words, whyshould you have to think what something looks likein 3d from a 2d drawing when you could simply modelit in 3d and then view it from any angle you like.

I personally take highway designers and train them inthe use of the latest highway design and 3d modelling

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Foreword

software, so that we have staff who are extremelycompetent and professional. We can provide a 3dmodel of your design or we can design your schemefor you to DMRB standards or your adopted standards.

By working closely with our clients and otherorganisations we ensure that you receive thedesign you expect, in an agreed timescales toagreed standards.

Since July 2014 we have provided services toTata Steel Projects, Aecom, Capita, Amey andBalfour Beatty.

The services provided to these clients included:

• Earthworks modelling for a new biomass facility.

• Horizontal and Vertical alignment design at BotleyRoad in Oxford.

• Roundabout designs for North Tyneside Council.

• Modelling of drainage and services for clashdetection purposes.

• Tuition to client’s staff in the use of Openroads, 3dmodelling and earthworks modelling.

• Visualisation of proposed designs including creatinga film of the view from the upper deck of a bus.

Mentoring services were provided to Aecom, whohad already started using Openroads, however werenot using the software to it’s full potential. Wementored their staff in setting up their projects andtheir systems so that all of their staff were workingto the same standards and were making the bestuse of the software.

Services provided for Capita included providing 3dmodelling of new junctions and roundabouts in theNorth Tyneside area.

Amey used Cassidy Forsythe to provide the servicesof an NEC3 Project Manager for a bridge demolitionand replacement scheme in Biggleswade. Theseservices included agreeing compensation events,monitoring the programme and processing monthlyvaluations.

Work currently being carried out for Balfour Beattyincludes creating 3d models of the client’s highwayand bridge design, re-design of various portions ofthe client’s design to improve buildability and creationof earthworks models to allow for improvements inthe earthworks balance.

The following pages show some case studies whichdemonstrate our capabilities and beliefs.

Martin YoungDirector

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www.cassidyforsythe.com

Originally, the BIM acronym stood for BuildingInformation Modelling as the process is widely usedwithin the building and architectural world, howeverfor the Infrastructure world the acronym has beenrenamed as Better Information Management, whichis a better way of describing what BIM is all about.

The BIM revolution has arisen because the industryhas realised that it does not manage its constructionand asset information effectively, and does notmake best use of emerging technologies that havebeen adopted by other industries.

In 2011 the UK Government published itsConstruction Strategy, which called for a profoundchange in the relationship between public authoritiesand the construction industry, to ensure that theGovernment consistently obtains a good deal andthat the country has the social and economicinfrastructure it needs for the long-term. In thewake of the Global Financial Crisis, the strategy setout the levers for achieving savings of at least 20%on typical capital expenditure costs and deliveringhigher quality built assets.

Single source of truthEverybody within the project team, including theclient and any sub-consultants need to be usingexactly the same data.

You may think you already do this, but you may beinnocently working in a silo.

Do you produce your models and drawings onyour own servers and then upload them to acollaboration site ?

If you do you are already missing the single sourceof truth – you will definitely have different versionson your server compared to the ones on thecollaboration site.

Everybody needs to be working on a sophisticatedfile collaboration site such as Bentley Projectwise,which can handle all files including documents andmodel files. Projectwise checks out files to the userand locks the checked-out files so that nobody elsecan access them until they are checked in – so a realsingle source of truth.

3d modellingIf you are already producing 3d models you probablythink you are doing okay, however you also needto think about the further BIM processes such as4d, 5d and 6d.

Does your software allow you to attach intelligentdata to elements in your model or can you createIFCs from your model, allowing you to transfer

ABOUT BIM AND OPENROADS

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your model to another software package which willallow you to attribute the elements ?

If it doesn’t then your software package isn’t reallysuitable for the whole BIM process and you need tothink about changing your software package.

4d schedule simulation4d schedule simulation is the intelligent linking ofindividual 3d CAD components or assemblies withtime or schedule-related information and isinvaluable as tool for seeing what is being built atany particular time on your programme. It alsoshows if you have missed any work activities fromyour programme and it will highlight any clashesbetween built work and elements still to be built.

With any 4d scheduling software you need to beable to associate an element in your model with awork activity on your programme.

If you don’t have suitable elements in your 3d modeland you only have 3d lines then you can’t do 4dschedule simulation from your model.

5d cost estimation5d cost estimation is about being able to extractusable information from the elements in your 3dmodel which you can export to a spreadsheet,allowing you to instantly calculate the costs of theelements in your project.

If you don’t have elements in your model and youonly have 3d lines then you won’t be able to do this.

Also, if your software isn’t capable of exporting thedata from your 3d model then it isn’t BIM compliant.

The pictures below show a typical road modeldesigned using string modelling and the same pieceof road designed using the Openroads tools.

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String modelling


Openroads

MXRoad has been the industry standard highwaydesign software since the 1980’s when it wasknown as MOSS.

At this time the software was written in the Fortrancomputer language, which was acceptable at thetime it was written, however it does not allow therequirements of BIM Level 2 to be achieved.

The software used to be run on computers like theone shown below.

Nobody is still using a computer like this, howeverthere are lots of people who are still using thesoftware created at the same time. So why do yourdesigners want to write input files which weredesigned to run on computers like the one shown ?

To use MOSS in the early eighties you had to writean input file, run it and then come back thefollowing day to see if it had worked.

Unfortunately, many highway designers have heldon to this way of working and won’t move on. Oneof the problems with 3d models created using thisway of working is that it isn’t suitable for BIM andisn’t BIM compliant in any way.

One of the basic ideas of BIM is that you canattribute data to the elements you design, so thatthe information can be harvested at a later date.This is impossible with a 3d model created usingMXRoad (formerly MOSS) string modelling tools.

Bentley Systems, who are the current owners ofMX, realised this and have completely rewrittenthe software using modern computer languageand called the new package Openroads.

Models created using the Openroads technologyallow elements to be attributed with data whichcan be harvested at a later date. Openroads alsoremembers your design information and retains iton the drawing for design checking purposes.

The latest version of the software is called theOpenroads Designer Connect Edition and doesnot allow you to write input files.

Bentley have eventually removed the link to thepast and produced a modern software packagewhich is fit for purpose.

So, you may have designers who are very proficientin creating highway designs to DMRB standardshowever they need to be re-trained to use the latestsoftware.

We have been using MXRoad since the 1980’s init’s previous guise of MOSS and we have becomethe industry leaders in using the Openroads tools.

HOW DOES MXROAD AND THE OPENROADSTOOLS ENABLE THE BIM PROCESSES

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The Openroads tools allow us create 3d modelsusing geometry to the DMRB standards withinformation attributed to elements such as pavementlayers which can then be extracted directly from themodel, which is one of the requirements of BIMLevel 2, as seen in the graphic above. This process iscommonly known as 5d cost estimation.

The Openroads tools also allow us to carry outscheduling of the model, which means that theprogramme can be aligned with the 3d modelallowing us to create an animation showing theconstruction sequence of each element. This is aninvaluable aid in demonstrating how the scheme isbuilt and what is built at each stage of the programme.

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An isometric view of the revised vertical alignment

A closer isometric view of the bridge showing the available clearance

An isometric view of the redesigned junction near the bridge, clearly showing all of the new pavement layers

The Wyvern Way project, which was due to beconstructed by Galliford Try, was a project toconvert an existing roundabout to a signalisedcrossroads. A screenshot of the existing junction(from Google) is shown above.

Cassidy Forsythe were approached by Galliford Tryto create a 3d model for them from a design alreadycarried out by the Employer.

It was apparent that the design had been carried outusing 3d design software, however Galliford Try hadnot been given a 3d model. They were only given2d plans and long sections which were not muchuse to them as some of the long sections did noteven include proposed levels, even though thechannels had obviously been designed and hadgeometry attached to them.

A screenshot of the general layout plan provided toGalliford Try can be seen in Fig. 1 below. The designprovided consisted of differences in levels at variouslocations.

Galliford Try were also supplied with long sectionsas shown in Fig. 2.

As can be seen, proposed levels were not provided,however the geometry information was providedand a 2d cad drawing was supplied. This allowed usto measure from the cad drawing to determinesome of the proposed levels. Using these levels andthe vertical geometry information provided allowedus to create horizontal and vertical alignments inour new 3d model. Once we had created all of thealignments using the Bentley Openroads tools wewere able to apply surface templates to the roadterrain models, allowing us to create the variouspavement layers. We also added kerbs to thealignments where appropriate.

A screen shot of our final model is shown in Fig. 3.

The 3d model we supplied allowed Galliford Try toget an appreciation of level differences, earthworksslopes and general construction issues.

CASE STUDY:Wyvern Way, Derby for Galliford Try

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Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

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Cassidy Forsythe were asked to design theWeetslade Lane Improvement in North Tyneside byCapita. Part of this scheme included a re-design ofthe existing junction shown above.

North Tyneside Council requested that this junctionwas re-designed as a signalised junction.

We designed the junction using the BentleyOpenroads tools (Fig. 1), which allowed us to modeleverything in 3d, including pavement layers, trafficsignals, pedestrian guardrails, kerbs and drainage.

An aerial view of the re-designed junction is shownabove.

Photograph of the as-built junction from Google areshown above.

CASE STUDY:A1056 Weetslade Lane Junction, North Tyneside

Fig. 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 2

The A420 Botley Road in Oxford in one of the mainroads through Oxford and passes underneath arailway bridge near the railway station. The road ison a downhill gradient with a sag curve underneaththe railway bridge, however the clearance beneaththe bridge is limited, meaning that the local buscompany has to run a fleet of specially loweredbuses to enable them to pass under the bridge.

We were asked to create a new, lowered verticalalignment which would allow the bus company torun normal double decker buses underneath thebridge with sufficient clearance.

We also had to demonstrate that normal sizedbuses could pass under the bridge once the verticalalignment had been lowered.

We designed a new vertical alignment and created a3d model using MXRoad and the Openroads tools.

We then added an accurate, fully scaled 3d modelof a normal sized double decker bus to the modeland created an animation of the bus to demonstratethat the bus could easily pass under the bridge onour new vertical alignment.

By creating this model it allowed us to show thebus partially underneath the bridge, allowing us tomeasure the clearance from the top of the bus.

To further demonstrate the clearance beneath thetop of the bus and the underside of the bridge we

attached a camera to the 3d model of the bus andprovided a film of the bus passing under the bridgefrom the perspective of somebody sitting on thetop deck of the bridge.

The 3d model and the film allowed us to gainapproval for the scheme with the client having fullconfidence in our design.

We also had to redesign the junction on theapproach to the bridge, as the vertical alignmenthad been lowered, together with the associatedfootpaths and street furniture.

The screenshots below show the partially createdmodel demonstrating that the bus can easily passunder the bridge.

The screenshots also show the redesigned junctionon the approach to the bridge.

CASE STUDY:Botley Road Bridge Oxford

A general view of the bridge showing the clearance

A dynamic section of the bridge cut at edge

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Cassidy Forsythe were asked to create a 3d modelof Rackheath bridge in order to demonstrate theconstruction sequence to Network Rail. As a result,it became apparent that the reinforced concretecould not be constructed as designed by the client.

The problems found were as follows :

• Due to the length of the longitudinal bars it wouldbe extremely difficult to install them betweensteel beams already installed

• Closed links would be impossible to install due tothe intermediate bracing between the beams

• Stirrup reinforcement clashed with theintermediate bracing

These problems only became apparent once the 3dmodel had been created and so avoided costly delays.

The following solutions were suggested to the client:

• Change the longitudinal reinforcement bars sothat the bars could be installed on the groundbefore the steel beams are lifted into place

• Change the closed links to open U bars so thatthey could be fixed after the intermediate bracing

• Move the stirrup reinforcement or move theintermediate bracing away from the reinforcedconcrete beam

These proposed changes would allow the majorityof the reinforcement to be installed on the ground,reducing the inherent risk of installing reinforcementat height, during a rail possession at night.

The problems highlighted by the 3d model can beseen from the screenshots opposite.

If Balfour Beatty had attempted to construct thebridge without the 3d modelling it would have beenimpossible to fix the reinforcement as designed.

This would have led to wasted possessions includingcosts for plant, people and materials, together withdelays to the programme.

Bearing in mind that a 1000t crane was intended tobe used for lifting the beams into place the costs forthe aborted work could easily be in the order of£500,000.

CASE STUDY:Rackheath Railway Bridge Reinforcement

3d model of preferred reinforcement showingadditional short straight bars

Diaphragm beam reinforcement with clashes with bracing

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Cassidy Forsythe were asked to model the proposedbridges on the Norwich Northern Distributor Roadin order to determine whether there was sufficientclearance between the proposed road design andthe bridge.

As the road and the bridge were modelledindependently checks were not carried out by therespective designers to see if the bridge couldaccommodate the road surfacing.

Once we had modelled the bridge and the road itbecame apparent that there wasn’t enough leveldifference between the proposed road levels andthe proposed beams to accommodate the roadsurfacing and the deck, as shown above.

This problem was subsequently sent back to theroad designers who had to raise the verticalalignment of the road to allow for the roadpavement layers and the deck construction.

This check was carried out before Balfour Beattystarted laying the new road construction, savingsignificant costs in delays and wasted materials.

CASE STUDY:Norwich Northern Distributor Road (NNDR) Bridges

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The Norwich Northern Distributor Road schemewas designed with the earthworks in balance. Theoriginal design was carried out by Norfolk CountyCouncil using a LIDAR survey of the route in 2006.

Following contract award, a topographical survey ofthe entire scheme was carried out (on foot, usingGPS rovers) which highlighted that the ground levelin the agricultural areas was approximately 160mmlower than assumed.

During the ECI phase of the project, BB employed aspecialist consultant (Opsis) to produce theearthworks schedule. This schedule was re-calculated based on the latest OGL survey and itresulted in a 254,000 cu.m general fill deficit. Basedon tender general fill import rates from the openmarket, this would increase the cost of the works by£7.62m if the Client had to import the fill.

To solve the problem a series of joint workshopswith the Client’s team were convened, at whichmitigation options were discussed. These includedenlarging drainage lagoons (25No on the scheme),widening road cuttings, constructing bridgeembankments from a Class 1/2 ‘core’ withlandscaping fill on the flanks and reducing the backslope on landscape bunds.

Cassidy Forsythe Ltd were contracted to carry out a3d modelling exercise to identify areas whereadditional volumes of general fill could be found andto quantify the volumes of fill available associatedwith each proposed change.

All proposed changes had to be referred to theClient (for design review) and also Mott Macdonald(the Client’s appointed Environment Manager) toreview and determine if they were ‘de-minimis’changes against the DCO. Anything which wasn’t,was discounted for programme reasons (6 monthlead time quoted for DCO changes, and possiblelegal challenge).

A running total of the quantities was kept using asimple Excel spreadsheet (additions / omissions vsthe Earthworks Schedule) and the exercise waspursued until the majority of options had beenexhausted and the earthworks were back to near abalance. This was a lot quicker than going back toOpsis to produce a revised earthworks scheduleduring the process.

In order to speed up the design process, weincorporated the proposed changes into the Client’sMX model and then we issued it to NCC for reviewand acceptance (with a clear statement on designliability). NCC then issued it back to Balfour Beattyfor construction, under an instruction.

This modelling exercise directly saved the projectapproximately £7.5million.

CASE STUDY:NNDR Earthworks Lack of Fill Material

Increasing the size of a drainage retention pond andsteepening embankment slopes

Lowering the cutting slopes to gain more fill material

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proposed design withlowered cutting slope lowered bridleway

current design

The Cromer Road interchange on the NorwichNorthern Distributor Road (NNDR) project involvesthe construction of a new overbridge to take there-aligned A140 Cromer Road over the NNDR.

The A140 is one the primary traffic routes intoNorwich city centre.

The design of the new bridge placed it very close tothe edge of the existing Cromer Road and as such itwould need to be constructed whilst traffic was stillusing the existing road.

Initial construction planning highlighted thatextensive temporary works would be required toconstruct the bridge.

Initial feedback from the supply chain was thatthese temporary works were envisaged to costapproximately £500k.

In order to mitigate the potential cost and timeimpacts on the project, BB proposed that the designalignment of the new Cromer Road be amended tomove the new bridge further away from the existingroad.

By employing the services of Cassidy Forsythe Ltda specialist BIM Engineer was able to produce an integrated 3D model for the proposed road re-alignment and bridge repositioning.

This model included all relevant temporary andpermanent works items, including highwayalignment, utility diversions and earthworks slopes.

The model demonstrated that the road could berealigned within the applicable highway designstandards, without necessitating a formal change tothe scheme DCO.

As a result of the bridge being repositioned, thescope of the temporary works was significantlyreduced – as shown in the screenshot from themodel opposite.

The price of the revised sheet piles amounted to£110k and programme savings in the region of 4weeks were also achieved from the reducedtemporary works scope.

The difference in cost between the originaltemporary works and the revised temporary workshas realised savings amounting to approximately£400k.

These savings are directly attributable to the BIMEngineer’s ability to create 3d models of the bridgeand challenge to design provided by the client.

The model was presented to the Client’s leaddesigner, which he subsequently accepted andincorporated into their overall model for theNNDR scheme.

CASE STUDY:A140 Cromer Road Bridge over the NNDR

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temporary sheet piling

revised wingwall


Cassidy Forsythe were asked to create 3d models ofthe bridges on the Norwich Northern Distributor

Road by Balfour Beatty, who were only suppliedwith 2d pdfs of the bridge reinforcement, as shownbelow.

It can be seen that whilst the design was deliveredin the traditional way, with 2d drawings, a 3d modelwould have been much more useful to find anyproblems with the reinforcement and any steelfixing problems. We used the 2d drawings, togetherwith the bar bending schedules to create 3d modelsof the bridges at crucial interfaces, such as the deckand the diaphragm and the beams and the deck.Examples of these models are shown below.

The models we created allowed the steel fixers tofind problems that weren’t immediately obviousfrom the 2d drawings and request changes in thedesign to make the steel easier to fix.

Since we carried out the modelling exercise thereinforcement for all of the bridges on the NorwichNorthern Distributor Road has been installed andthe concrete poured.

A few photographs of the reinforcement being fixedare shown above, demonstration the complexity ofthe reinforcement and the problems the steel fixersfaced.

CASE STUDY:Bridge Reinforcement Modelling

Deck and Beam reinforcement at the central piers

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We can provide training for your team in a numberof areas including:

• Highway design

• Drainage design

• 3d modelling

• Earthworks modelling and quantification

• Temporary works modelling

Highway DesignWe can provide training in highway design for yourteam, regardless of their current experience. We candemonstrate where to find the appropriate standardsand how to incorporate them into your design.

We are experts in the Bentley MXRoad tools andthe new Openroads Designer tools which will giveyou all of the tools you need to design your newproject to the appropriate standards.

We can provide training for your team in MXRoadsusing the traditional string modelling methods orthe new Openroads tools so that you can create aBIM compliant model.

We can provide training regardless of the level ofexperience of your team – we can work withcomplete beginners or with more experiencedEngineers wishing to make the transition from stringmodelling to using the Openroads Designer tools.

We can provide a full training course so that yourEngineers can use all of the tools within MXRoads

TRAInIng

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and Openroads Designer or just specific items ofyour choosing, such as the earthworks or drainagetools.

All training can be tailored to your specific needsand can be provided at your offices or at our officesin Newcastle.

A sample of the training services we can provide forHighway Design includes :

• Horizontal and vertical alignment design

• Earthworks modelling from your survey includingthe creation of delta terrain models and analysisof volumes

• Creation of templates to apply to 3d elements

• Creation of pavement layers from centreline andchannel strings

• 3d modelling of utilities from plans and trial pitlogs

• Clash avoidance and detection from 3d models

• 4d schedule simulation from your programme

• 5d quantities and cost estimation

• 3d modelling of elements including lamp columns,traffic signals etc

• Drainage design, including explanation of firstprinciples

• Demonstration of extraction of manhole, gullyand pipe schedules

We have recently provided training in the Bentleysoftware for Balfour Beatty at Canary Wharf.

This was a small group of 8 Engineers keen toimprove their capabilities. Training providedincluded demonstrating how to navigateMicrostation and how to import cells from Sketchupinto a model.

Also demonstrated was alignment design andearthworks modelling in MX Openroads.

We showed the Balfour Beatty people how tomanipulate Bentley Navigator and carry out clashdetection on models received from their designers.

The photo shown is from day two of a 3 day coursefor the Major Projects and Temporary Works teamto have an appreciation of the software applicationsin the Bentley Systems agreement.

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We can provide training in drainage design for yourEngineers at your offices or ours in Newcastle. Ourapproach to training in drainage design is to go backto first principles, explaining the theory behind thecurrent accepted practice. We have the attendeesat our training course work from paper copies ofdrawings to give them an understanding of theprogression from paper based, manual methods tothe latest drainage design software.

We show the attendees how to provide apreliminary drainage strategy for the proposeddevelopments.

We also demonstrate how to calculate the existingstorm water run-off from previously developed sitesand determine a preliminary assessment of stormwater storage requirements.

We also demonstrate how to provide a detaileddrainage layout including ponds and flow restrictiondevices.

We demonstrate how to carry out the hydraulicanalysis and modelling of the drainage systemsusing the latest industry standard softwarepackages.

Finally, we show how to prepare detailed drainageschedules, plans and sections for the purposes ofconstruction.

Eventually the attendees will be able to:

• Design storm water networks using the ModifiedRational Method and design foul networks inaccordance with the requirements of BS EN

752:2008 Drain and sewer systems outsidebuildings

• Simulate the design using cutting edge 1ddynamic wave routing

• Model inline controls, overflows, online andoffline storage and additional losses

• Test the network against return periods of up to1000 years

• Analyse one or more storm durations in a singlerun with results collated & critical durationsidentified

DRAInAgE DESIgn

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We understand that clients do not always want afull highway design service, however you may wantto make your own 3d models more realistic.

We can show you how to do this.

We can show you how to create 3d blocks or cellsfrom scratch and then insert them into your modelor we can show you how to import 3d cells orblocks from external sites such as 3d warehouseand then insert them into your model.

Traditionally, reinforcement is detailed as shown inFig.1.

We can show you how to create a 3d model fromdrawings like the one above so that you can get a3d model, as shown in Fig.2 and 3.

We can also show you how to enhance street viewswith all underground services, lighting columns,traffic signals and anything else above ground.Fig.4 and 5 show what is possible.

3D mODEllIngFig.1

Fig.2

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Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

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If you need to be able to manage your earthworksbalance on your site we can show you how to createearthworks models and be able to extract quantitiesfrom different layers, pond and mounds.

We can show you how to create terrain modelswhich take into account the amount of topsoilstripped between different sections of the site andwe can show you how to calculate the overallvolume of material to be excavated on your site.

We can also show you how to calculate the amountof material to be excavated for ponds and how tocalculate the additional material gained if you wereto dig the ponds deeper. Similarly, we can show youhow to calculate the volume of any storage bundscreated on the site.

EARTHwORkS mODEllIng AnDqUAnTIFICATIOn

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We can show you how to add 3d cells or blocks toyour 3d model to more accurately represent yoursite. This could include scaffolding, cranes,excavators, skips and any other temporary worksitems which you may add to your site.

We can also show you how to add health and safetyinformation to warning symbols placed in yourmodel. We can show you how to link a Designer’sRisk Register to an element within your model sothat risks and hazards information are embeddedinto your model. The following screenshots showwhat is possible.

TEmpORARY wORkS mODEllIng

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www.cassidyforsythe.com TEL 0800 061 4594 EMAIL [email protected]

CASSIDYFORSYTHE · MXRoad (formerly MOSS) string modelling tools. Bentley Systems, who are the...

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