-case study-

Team :Cîrnu (Gherasim) Livia-Aurora Coman (Gociu) DanielaBlaga Giorgiana-ValentinaIordache Alina-GeorgianaRoman Mioara

As a result of the increased consumption of raw milk

from milkomates, the non-guvernamental organization

ZPS (Consumer’sOrganization from Slovenia) test raw milk sold trought 22

milkomates from all over Slovenia.

General presentation of the case study

Parameters % samples that do not meetthe legal specification

Enteric bacteria 93,2Temperature 47,7Somatic cells 34,1

Esherichia coli (n=22) 18,2Total number of bacteria 9,1

Listeria monocytogenes 9,1Fats 4,5

Freezing point 4,5Proteins 0

Antibiotic residues 0

General presentation of the case study

Om Coliformi Salmonella Enterococcus Staphylococcus

Aer Streptococcus Micrococcus Corinebacterii Bacillus Drojdii și mucegaiuri

Din interiorul ugeruluiStreptococcus Micrococcus Corynebacterium

Materii fecaleEscherichia coli Staphylococcus Listeria Mycobacterium Salmonella

Sol Clostridium Bacillus Pseudomonas Mycobacterium Drojdii și mucegaiuri

Așternut Clostridium Bacillus Klebsiella

Hrană Clostridium Listeria Bacillus Bacterii lactice

Apă Coliformi Pseudomonas Corinebacterii Alcaligenes

Instrumente de mulgere Micrococcus Streptococcus Bacillus Coliformi

Din exteriorul ugerului și mameleoane Micrococcus Enterococcus Staphylococcus Bacillus

Food safety

natural microbiota involved in milking

contamination during milk production

INTERNAL

contaminated feedstockair contamination (barn)hair and skin of the cawcontaminated water and manurecontaminated ustensils and milkingtransportation

CONTAMINATION SOURCES

EXTERNAL

The milkomate components: • refrigeration room• milk containers (propeller)• dispenser/ dosing system • sanitising dosing system• cash register• electronic control system of

milk level

Food safety

Food safety

Pathogens

Campylobacterjejuni

Yersinia enterocolitica

Listeria monocytogenes

Salmonella spp

Escherichia coli

Brucella sppBrucella spp

Mycobacterium bovis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium bovis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium paratuberculosisMycobacterium paratuberculosis

Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus

Food safety

inflammation of the uddercauses: bacterial source: environmental

sick animals

• Milk quality is depending of somatic cells number.• Many somatic cells increasing number of bacteria• High mortality rate of listeriosis suggests that Listeriamonocytogenes is a significant risk to human health.

MASTITIS

somatic cells

TemperatureTemperature

Food safety

High temperature Long timeHigh temperature Long time

Storage riskStorage risk

48% of tested milk samples were not stored at the correct temperature increasing risk for bacteria growth

48% of tested milk samples were not stored at the correct temperature increasing risk for bacteria growth

Food safetyFood safety starts at the farm !Hygiene rules must be applied to the whole food chain,

„from farm to fork”.

It is necessary to achieve the following:the food production in absolute hygienic conditionscomply with high standards of animal welfareproduction methods which are environmentally friendlyincrease a solid rural economy

Food safety starts at the farm !Hygiene rules must be applied to the whole food chain,

„from farm to fork”.

It is necessary to achieve the following:the food production in absolute hygienic conditionscomply with high standards of animal welfareproduction methods which are environmentally friendlyincrease a solid rural economy

In the case of milkomate food safety requirements are not met

Management

Management

Ethical issues

a. in infants and young children,b. pregnant women, c. the elderly populationd. people with immune deficiencies

….even healthy people, of any age, can become ill or even die if they drink raw milk contaminated with

pathogens...

The risk of getting sick fromthe consumption of raw milk is higher

1993-2006 study: every year more than five people die from the consumption of contaminated raw milk and dairy products.

Ethical issues

Contamination stages:milking, collection, processingstorage.

Consumer’s organizations may carry out regular check outs, but these are not official.

However those controls can not substitute official controls and can not cover the holes left by the lack of proper legal regulation.

That is why those remain only at an informative level and without any consequences.

Ethical issues

The level of consumer protection is inadequate because of slips in legislative procedures.

Ethical issues

An action plan is required including:

regulation for raw milk production;

involvement of the veterinary and public health authorities;

Legislation

Legislation

Legal frame that might limit the marketing of raw milk:

Strict hygiene conditions at farms and milkomates;

Regular testing

Consumer information

Legislation

There isn’t such things as foods with zero risk.

Should be aware that the best legislation and best control systems can not protect us entirely.

The best way we can ensure the food safety is to be well informed on the basic principles of food production and their treatments.

Thank you for your attention!