CASE 1: TWO-DIMENSIONAL RANS SIMULATION OF A SYNTHETIC JET FLOW FIELD
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Transcript of CASE 1: TWO-DIMENSIONAL RANS SIMULATION OF A SYNTHETIC JET FLOW FIELD
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CASE 1: TWO-DIMENSIONAL RANS SIMULATION
OF A SYNTHETIC JET FLOW FIELD
J. Cui and R. K. Agarwal
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Department
Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130
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OutlineOutline
1. Introduction2. Software Employed3. 2D Simulations of a Synthetic Jet Flow Field
Grid and Modeling Issues Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions of 2D Simulation Results5. Preliminary 3D Simulations of a Synthetic Jet
Flow Field6. Future Work
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Motivation for Active Flow ControlMotivation for Active Flow Control In recent years, it has been surmised that the fluidic
modification of aerodynamic and propulsive flow fields can cover multiple flight regimes without the need of conventional control surfaces such as flaps, spoilers and variable wing sweep.
The fluidic modification (or flow control) can be accomplished by employing micro-surface effectors and other fluidic devices dynamically operated by an intelligent control system.
These new “flow control” technologies thus have the potential of resulting in radical improvement in aircraft performance and weight reduction.
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Flow Control with Synthetic JetsFlow Control with Synthetic Jets
Virtual Aerodynamic Shape Modification of an Airfoil Using a Synthetic Jet Actuator (AIAA 03-4158)
Vectoring Control of a Primary Jet with Synthetic Jets (AIAA 02-3284)
Control of Recirculating Flow Region Behind a Backward Facing Step Using Synthetic Jets (AIAA 03-1125)
Interaction of a Synthetic Jet with a Flat Plate Turbulent Boundary Layer (AIAA 03-3458)
Flow Control of Shear Layers Over 2-D Cavities Using Pulsed Jet (AIAA 04-428)
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CFD Flow-Solver EmployedCFD Flow-Solver Employed
WIND structured, multi-zone, compressible RANS solver 2nd or higher-order upwind/central differencing Four-stage Runge-Kutta time stepping Spalart-Allmaras (SA), Mentor’s SST, combined SST
& LES, and k-ε turbulence models
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Grid EmployedGrid Employed
Whole view Zoomed in: the grid of the slot
Zone 1 (3386)
Zone 2 (6250)
Zone 3 (4165)
Zone 4 (197139)
Diaphragm
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Boundary ConditionsBoundary Conditions
External Flow Region (zone 4)– Bottom wall (except SJ) no-slip – All other three boundaries outflow
SJ Actuator (zone 1, 2 & 3)– At the diaphragm arbitrary inflow– All other boundaries coupled or no-slip wall
At the Diaphragm (zone 1, I=1)
0),,( tconstyxv
tUtconstyxu sin),,(
constp
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Justification of Boundary ConditionsJustification of Boundary Conditions
Mass-flux at the diaphragm & SJ slot Pressure inside the cavity
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Phase-averaged v-velocity at (x, y) = (0, 0.1 mm)
Justification of Boundary ConditionsJustification of Boundary Conditions(cont.)(cont.)
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Time-step & Grid Independence StudiesTime-step & Grid Independence Studies
Long-time averaged v-velocity along the centerline
Phase-averaged v-velocity at (0, 2mm)
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Long-time AveragedLong-time Averaged v-v-Velocity Velocity along the Centerlinealong the Centerline
(a) v-velocity along the centerline (b) Zoomed-in view: near the wall
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Long-time AveragedLong-time Averaged v-v-Velocity Velocity along along x-x-Axis Axis
y = 0.1mm y = 1mm
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Averaged Jet Width & Phase-AveragedAveraged Jet Width & Phase-Averaged v-v-VelocityVelocity
phase, deg
y=0
.1m
m,v
,m/s
0 100 200 300
-20
0
20
PIVSSTHW
phase, deg
x=
1m
m,y
=2
mm
,v,m
/s
0 100 200 300
-20
0
20
PIVSST_LESSST
phase, deg
y=0
.1m
m,v
,m/s
0 100 200 300
-20
0
20
PIVSSTHW
phase, degy=
2m
m,v
,m/s
0 100 200 300-10
0
10
20
30
40
50SSTSST_0.5dtSST_Refined_Grid
phase, deg
y=0
.1m
m,v
,m/s
0 100 200 300
-20
0
20
PIVSSTSST_LESSAHW
Averaged jet width Averaged jet width Phase-averagedPhase-averaged vv--velocityvelocity
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Phase-Averaged Velocity ContoursPhase-Averaged Velocity Contours
((uu at 45at 45))
PIV data SST SST_LES SA
2
4
8
-4
-432
1
-3
4
0
-70 -4
0
0
0
-8
7
0
0
1
1
2
0
2
1
7-7
1
3 -11
-1
-11
2
x, mm
y,m
m-2 0 2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
u velocity contours at 45 deg
3
1
6
-6
-5
3
2
2
-34
1
-50 -3
0
1
0
-86
2
2
1
1
-1
-1
3
0
9-9
03 0
-1
1
-12
1
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
u velocity contours at 45 deg
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Phase-Averaged Velocity ContoursPhase-Averaged Velocity Contours((vv at 45at 45))
PIV data SST SST_LES SA
520 0
7
-3
26
9
2
30
19
328
30
28
22
30
2
3
9
4
1
51
1
113 4
1
50
1
2
11
1
1
x, mm
y,m
m-2 0 2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 45 deg
4
10 0
4
-1
17
7
2
23
19
4
23
25 23
11
24
0
3
5
3
2
4
21
5
3
3
2
31
2
2
6
2
2
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 45 deg
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Phase-Averaged Velocity ContoursPhase-Averaged Velocity Contours((uu at 90at 90))
PIV data SST SST_LES SA
1
5
3
7
01
2
0
01
-1
-60-3
9
0
-4
7 -8
-1
-3
-6
-8
1
4
-5
8
-98
5
4 -4
2
0
-1 0
1
x, mm
y,m
m-2 0 2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
u velocity contours at 90 deg
27
6
7
-13
3
-1
-12
-1
-8-1
-4
4
1
-9
3 -3
1
-1
-3
-6
0
2
-3
9
-97
64
-4
1
1
-76
0
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
u velocity contours at 90 deg
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Phase-Averaged Velocity ContoursPhase-Averaged Velocity Contours((vv at 90at 90))
PIV data SST SST_LES SA
100
-1
9
019
2
1
27
9
-119
24
20
30
22
2-3
16
-1
-6
6
32
30
-3
-1
-7
61
0
-6
15
-3
-7
x, mm
y,m
m-2 0 2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 90 deg
210 -1
4
-1
17
4
0
22
8
013
19
15
29
17
1
-4
7
2
-2
4
22
23-4 -1
-8
32
2
-2
6
0
-5
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 90 deg
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Phase-Averaged Velocity ContoursPhase-Averaged Velocity Contours((vv at 135at 135))
PIV data SST SST_LES SA
-100 -1
15
14
-1
-1
12
-1
-2
1
4 1
16
5
1
0
21
1
-3
5
-4-3
21
0 2
0
8-5
-5
-3
30
-4
-1
x, mm
y,m
m-2 0 2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 135 deg
000 -1
9
1
4
-1
-1
10
0
-2
02
1
14
4
1
-2
19
-2
-6
3
-2-3
23
-3
0
-3
4-1
-5
-6
24
-6
-5
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 135 deg
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Phase-Averaged Velocity ContoursPhase-Averaged Velocity Contours((vv at 225at 225))
PIV data SST SST_LES SA-4
-30
-4
3
-3-7
-6
-11
-17
-9
-7
-12
-15 -14
-4
-9
-1
-2
3
-1
-1
2
-1-1
0-2 -1
-1
2-2
-1
-1
5
-1
-1
x, mm
y,m
m-2 0 2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 225 deg
-3-20
-3
4
-2
-5
-5
-9
-14
-7
-6
-10
-12
-11
-4
-8
-3
-1
6
-1
-1
3
-1-2
1
-1 -1
-1
1-3
-2
-1
8
-1
-1
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 225 deg
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Conclusions of 2D Simulation Conclusions of 2D Simulation Results
2D RANS simulations (SST, SST_LES, SA) and experiments have reasonable agreement in capturing the overall features of the flow field.
SST model gives the best result out of three simulations
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Preliminary 3D SimulationsPreliminary 3D Simulations
Grids Modeling issues (same as in 2D simulations) Results and discussions
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Grid EmployedGrid Employed
Whole view (9 zones) Zoomed in: the grid of the slot
Diaphragm Zone 2 (191951)
Zone 1 (731117)
Zone 3 (296135)
x
y
z
y
x
4
5
6
7
8
9
zone 4/8 5/9 6 7
# pts 39,525 31,875 165,075 133,125
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Long-time AveragedLong-time Averaged vv-Velocity -Velocity along the Centerlinealong the Centerline
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Long-time AveragedLong-time Averaged v-v-Velocity Velocity along along x-x-Axis Axis
y = 0.1mm y = 1mm
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Averaged Jet Width & Phase-AveragedAveraged Jet Width & Phase-Averaged v-v-VelocityVelocity
Averaged jet width Averaged jet width Phase-averagedPhase-averaged vv--velocityvelocity
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3
5
7
-3
-4
33
3
-2
3
2
-5
-1 -4
1
1
-1
-6 5
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
5-3
24 -2
0
1
-3 2
1
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
u velocity contours at 45 deg
2
10 0
4
-1
23
6
2
27
16
4
24
28 28
15
28
2
3
6
4
2
5
4
3
53 4
2
32
3
3
5
3
3
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 45 deg
Phase-Averaged Velocity Contours Phase-Averaged Velocity Contours ((u, vu, v at 45at 45))PIV data 2D SST 3D SST
u
v
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Phase-Averaged Velocity Contours Phase-Averaged Velocity Contours ((u, vu, v at 90at 90))PIV data 2D SST 3D SST
1 -12
1
02
0
-50
-2
6
-2
-5
-5
-66
65 -5
0
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
u velocity contours at 90 deg
0 0
15
1
25
7
021
24
3
0
30
0
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 90 deg
u
v
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Phase-Averaged Velocity Contours Phase-Averaged Velocity Contours ((vv at 135at 135, 225, 225))PIV data 2D SST 3D SST
000 0
9
2
4
0
-1
10
1
0
1
3 3
15
8
0
1
18
2
-1
6
0-1
21
1 3
0
6-2
-2
0
24
-1
0
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 135 deg
-4-30
-4
2
-2
-5
-5
-7
-18
-8
-7
-11
-14
-13
-2
-8
0
-2
6
0
-1
3
1-1
2
-20
-1
1-1
-1
0
8
0
0
x, mm
y,m
m
-2 0 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
v velocity contours at 225 deg
135135
225225
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3D Simulation of Case1– 3D Simulation of Case1– u,v,wu,v,w Contours at 45 Contours at 45
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3D Simulation of Case1– 3D Simulation of Case1– u,v,wu,v,w Contours at 90 Contours at 90
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Future WorkFuture Work
3D simulations of case1: time-step and grid refinement study
3D simulations of case 2: synthetic jet interacts with cross flow