Carolingian Dynasty and The Vikings
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Transcript of Carolingian Dynasty and The Vikings
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Carolingian Dynastyand
The Vikings
Unit 12
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Origins?
• Franks (German barbarians)• Clovis: 481-511 Merovingian
-Defeated the Gauls and other German tribes– Became a Christian!
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Charles Martel
Fought for and won control after death of father Clovis
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Charles Martel
Fought for and won control after death of father Clovis
• “Charles the Hammer”• United Franks to defend against the Muslims
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Successors of Charles Martel
• Pepin First heir to Carolingian• Sons ruled after him: Carloman & Charlemagne
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Charlemagne
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Empire: conquests
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Charlemagne
Combined France with Germany Italy and the Netherlands
Supported the church (forced those defeated to convert or die!)
800: Pope Leo III made him Holy Roman Emperor
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Title Holy Roman Emperor
• Protection from pope• Didn’t thrill other Christian Kingdoms• Acknowledged his domination of Europe
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Administration
• Autocracy– Missi domini: Team of 2: one secular one church
– Capitularies: these rulings tell a lot about agriculture, life and industry (hint: leaning toward feudalism)
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Love of Education
• Illiterate himself, he followed Carolingian tradition of having intellectual court:
• Scholars at Aachen: – Paul the deacon: Italy– Theodolphus: German– Alcuin: Saxon monk, started schools
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Carolingian Renaissance
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Division of Empire
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Threats to the empire
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Northmen
• “From the fury of the Northmen, good Lord, deliver us!”
– Prayer in litany of 9th century Monks
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Vikings
• Pirates from the Scandanavian Penninsula and surrounding areas
– Good seamen– First sheltered from Romans by the sea– Then the sea provided route to plunder Europe
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Longboats
• Features
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Longboats
• Features– Open– Flat bottomed– Makes for quick raid ability
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Viking incursions (red)
In general-Norwegians: went westward-
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Viking incursions (red)
In general-Norwegians: went westward-Danes: British Isles
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Viking incursions (red)
In general-Norwegians: went westward-Danes: British Isles-Swedes: Russia
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In Europe
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In England
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In Russia
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Pros and ConsPros Cons
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Pros and ConsPros Cons
Plundered riches of medieval Europe
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Pros and ConsPros Cons
Plundered riches of medieval EuropeDestroyed monastic learning centers
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Pros and ConsPros Cons
Helped to define European nationality by paving the way for 1) Unified England2) The nations of France and GermanyWere able to assimilate into culture and
add “vigorous blood” to those societies
Interested in Trade, revitilization of commerce!
Plundered riches of medieval EuropeDestroyed monastic learning centers
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Vikings
• Get a good rap!