CarlGustavJung

8/8/2019 CarlGustavJung

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CARL GUSTAV JUNG

Analytic Theory


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BIOGRAPHY Carl Gustav Jung (July 26, 1875 June 06, 1965)

Child of Paul Achilles Jung and Emilie Preismerk

Swiss Psychiatrist

Founder of Analytical Psychology Human Psyche by nature religious

Dream Analysis

Fields: Alchemy Astrology Literature

Sociology Arts


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Individuation Central concept of

analytical Psychology

Worked with Sigmund Freud

Schools:

University ofBasel (Degree in Psychiatry)

University of Zurich (Worked as a senior

Psychiatrist) France: Study with Psychiatrist Pierre Janet


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Research on Word Association in which a person's responses to stimulus words

can reveal complexes: groups of related, oftenrepressed, ideas and impulses that bring about

habitual patterns of thought or behavior Research on Word Association

in which a person's responses to stimulus wordscan reveal complexes: groups of related, often

repressed, ideas and impulses that bring abouthabitual patterns of thought or behavior


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A psycho-galvanometer

measures the resistance of the skin to the passage

of a very small electric current. It has been known

for decades that the magnitude of this electrical

resistance is affected, not only by the subject's

general mood, but also by immediate emotional

reactions


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Important Findings of his reaserch A low level of cortical arousal is desirable for relaxation,

hypnosis, and the subjective experience of psychic statesand unconscious manifestations.

A high level of cortical arousal gives increased powers ofreflection, focused concentration, increased reading speed,and increased capacity for long-term recall.

Cortical arousal has a simple relationship to skinconductivity. Arousal of the cortex increases the

conductivity of the skin and conversely, a drop in arousalcauses a drop in skin conductivity.


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Jung and Freud agreed on the most basic hypothesis

in addition to the rational, conscious aspect ofthe personality, there is another realm of the

psyche of which man is normally not aware,which they called the unconscious.

Psychoanalysis was then developed as a technique, consisting of free

associations, designed to bring such conflicts into

awareness and thus deal with them from an adultviewpoint.


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The way to Individuation The Persona is an identity we hold and which we present

to the outside world. We may hold several of such: ourcareer role; our role as mother father, son, etc; ourpolitical identity, and so on.

The Ego is our center of consciousness, our conscioussense of self. Therefore it excludes (although remainsinfluenced by) all of our make-up that is unconscious. Jungsays: "So far as we know, consciousness is always Ego-

consciousness.In order to be conscious of myself,

Imustbe able to distinguish myself from others. Relationship can

only take place where this distinction exists."


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The Shadow is an unconscious part of the Ego, andreceptacle for that which we have for one reason oranother disowned or wish to remain out of sight andthose qualities that one would rather not see inoneself, as well as unrealized potentials. The Shadow isintimately connected to the Id and its structures,Thanatos and Eros that contain the animal instincts.It's the part of the personality that's forced out of

mental awareness by the Ego's defense mechanisms.


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The Anima is a node of unconscious beliefsand feelings in a man's psyche relating to the

opposite gender, the Animus is thecorresponding complex in a woman's psyche.As part of the Ego unconscious, thesecomplexes can rise into consciousness when

activated by appropriate circumstances.


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The Selfis simply the totality of the entirepsyche. It is the function which contains all the

other functions and around which they orbit.It may be difficult for the conscious Ego toaccept that there may be more to the psychethan that of which it is currently aware.


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The major goal of Jungian therapy is

Individuation through the integration of the

Ego and the Shadow. By this means a person

becomes a psychological 'in-dividual,' that is, a

separate indivisible unity or 'whole'.


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Introversion and extraversion Introversion is "the state of or tendency toward

being wholly or predominantly concerned with

and interested in one's own mental life."Introverts tend to be quiet, low-key, deliberate,and relatively non-engaged in social situations.They take pleasure in solitary activities such as

reading, writing, watching movies, inventing anddesigning.


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INTROVERT


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EXTRAVERT


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Extraversion is "the act, state, or habit of beingpredominantly concerned with and obtaining

gratification from what is outside the self."Extraverts tend to enjoy human interactions and tobe enthusiastic, talkative, assertive and gregarious.They take pleasure in activities that involve large

social gatherings, such as parties, communityactivities, public demonstrations, and business orpolitical groups


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PERSONAL UNCONCIOUS Thepersonal unconscious contains all the beliefs,

values, feelings and memories which one is notcurrently conscious of. It contains material that can

be made conscious by simple act of will, which canbe termed 'Preconscious'; material that requiressome effort or external stimulus to retrieve, bothcognitive and affective, which can be termed

'subconscious'; as well as material that may neverbe recalled to consciousness ever again.


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COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS The collective unconscious contains instinctive

drives and patterns of behavior that we all share,

as human beings. It includes the overall cellularmemory of past ancestors, that is located insideof the body and is passed on genetically. But Jungalso perceived the collective unconscious as

something we tap into by psychic means, as acurrent 'over-mind' of our race.


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ARCHETYPES Archetypes are innate, universal psychic

dispositions that form the substrate from which

the basic themes of human life emerge. A group ofmemories and interpretations associated with anarchetype is a complex, e.g. a mother complexassociated with the mother archetype. Jungtreated the archetypes as psychological organs,

analogous to physical ones in that both aremorphological constructs that arose throughevolution.


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Jung's Stages of Development Childhood

The 'archaic stage' of infancy has sporadic consciousness;then during the 'monarchic stage' of the small child there is

the beginning of logical and abstract thinking, and the egostarts to develop.

Youth & Early YearsFrom puberty until 35 - 40 there is maturing sexuality,growing consciousness, and then a realization that the

carefree days of childhood are gone forever. People striveto gain independence, find a mate, and raise a family.


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Middle LifeThe realization that you will not live forever createstension. If you desperately try to cling to your youth, youwill fail in the process of self-realization. At this stage, youexperience what Jung calls a 'metanoia' (change of mind)and there is a tendency to more introverted andphilosophical thinking. People often become religiousduring this period or acquire a personal philosophy of life.

Old AgeConsciousness is reduced in the last years, at the same timethere is there acquisition of wisdom. Jung thought that

death is the ultimate goal of life. By realizing this, peoplewill not face death with fear but with the feeling of a "jobwell done" and perhaps the hope for rebirth.


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