CARLROGERS

-”Mr” Rogers

Once you label me, you negate me

-Kierkegaard

EXISTENTIAL ISM

Existentialism=humanismEssentials of existance

EXIST

ENTIAL ISMESS1. Of existence2. Relating to existence3. Or affirming existence

CARL ROGERS1902-1987

Entire Theory is based on a single “force of life”

That at the everything runs off this…

All creatures strive for this (Used Mushrooms as an example)

the tendency within all living beings to move toward completion or fulfillment of their potential

ACTUALIZATION TENDENCY

Not just basics like food or water, we have potential for more so we strive for that

WHY?

Organisms know whats good for them, evolution has given us the tools to know whats good for us, it has given us taste. (rotten food doesn’t taste good) we have a positive regard for these things, if left to our own we would gravitate towards them.

We have Postitve Regard for these things. Among this we have that for are love, affection, etc.. We cannot thrive without these things

Through getting the things we have positive regard for we gain positive self regard

(Self Esteem)Without this we feel small and helpless and cannot thrive

Positive Self Regard

What happened? Why do we live like we do now?

Basically we are social creatures, when a bunch of get together we have a society.After a while the society forms its own cultures, which is what guides norms.

SOCIETYCULTURE

Growing up we get rewards for doing good behaviors when we show we are “worthy” we get something good.

We get sweets after eating veggies, A’s after we study, etc…

Our Positive regards like love affection, etc.. become conditionitional, we have to do something to prove our worth to get them

Since we need positive regard these conditions of worth are very powerful.

CONDITIONSOF WORTH

So powerful that we begin to try to do what society tells us and not what we want to do.

Over time we Begin to like ourselves only if we meet up to others standards.

CONDITIONAL POSITIVE SELF-REGARD

INCONGRUITY

What happens is when we find ourselves where the two us’s don’t match up we start to build defenses.

(An example would be if you aren’t good at tests but think that not getting A’s means you aren’t a good student)

DEFENSES

Denial-Block out the situation all together. (never check the grade test)

(An example would be if you aren’t good at tests but think that not getting A’s means you aren’t a good student)

DENIAL

Perceptual Distortion-change the way you see the event so its not threatening (i.e that test wasn’t important anyways)

(An example would be if you aren’t good at tests but think that not getting A’s means you aren’t a good student)

PERCEPTUALDISTORTION

Cycle continues

Use Defense

Gap between real and false “ideal” grows

Incongruity gets larger

Threat situation worse

HEALTHY CHILDREN…

Openness to experience. This is the opposite of defensiveness. It is the accurate perception of one's experiences in the world, including one's feelings. It also means being able to accept reality, again including one's feelings. Feelings are such an important part of openness because they convey organismic valuing. If you cannot be open to your feelings, you cannot be open to acualization. The hard part, of course, is distinguishing real feelings from the anxieties brought on by conditions of worth.

. Existential living. This is living in the here-and-now. Rogers, as a part of getting in touch with reality, insists that we not live in the past or the future -- the one is gone, and the other isn't anything at all, yet! The present is the only reality we have. Mind you, that doesn't mean we shouldn't remember and learn from our past. Neither does it mean we shouldn't plan or even day-dream about the future. Just recognize these things for what they are: memories and dreams, which we are experiencing here in the present.

EXISTENTIAL LIVING

Organismic trusting. We should allow ourselves to be guided by the organismic valuing process. We should trust ourselves, do what feels right, what comes natural.

trust your real self, and you can only know what your real self has to say if you are open to experience and living existentially! In other words, organismic trusting assumes you are in contact with the acutalizing tendency.

TRUSTING ONESELF

Creativity. If you feel free and responsible, you will act accordingly, and participate in the world. A fully-functioning person, in touch with acualization, will feel obliged by their nature to contribute to the actualization of others, even life itself. This can be through creativity in the arts or sciences, through social concern and parental love, or simply by doing one's best at one's job. Creativity as Rogers uses it is very close to Erikson's generativity.

4. Experiential freedom. Rogers felt that it was irrelevant whether or not people really had free will. We feel very much as if we do. This is not to say, of course, that we are free to do anything at all: We are surrounded by a deterministic universe, so that, flap my arms as much as I like, I will not fly like Superman. It means that we feel free when choices are available to us. Rogers says that the fully-functioning person acknowledges that feeling of freedom, and takes responsibility for his choices.

Whats this mean for us?How can we make this real?

Schools are the problem in a way, schools are a way to transmit societies norms but the fact that society has norm people feel like they must follow is why people experience neurosis and problems.

PROBLEM

We need to be student focused instead of teacher/standards focused.

STUDENT CENTEREDEDUCATION

We need to give students the most control over there education as possible.

CONTROL

?HOW

PresentationsDebatesPortfoliosComputersjournals“Buzz” groupsChoiceProblems based learning

Let them help the assessment proccess. Let them help deicde how they should be measured.

They know their learning style more than you