7/24/2019 Cargo Operation

1/3

Cargo operation

What is the purpose of Classication Society?They set and monitor their technical rules for the construction (as requiredby SOLAS) maintenance and on!oin! operation of ships" They o#ersee the

condition ship$s hull and machinery"

%ame four classication societies"Lloyd &e!ister (L&) 'ureau eritas (') ermanischer Lloyd (L) American'ureau of Shippin! (A'S) China Classication Society (CCS) %ippon *ai+i*yo,ai (%*) -talian re!ister of ship (-&S)

What is the purpose of ./- Clubs?./- clubs pro#ide insurance co#er of ship o0ners and car!o co#er for car!oo0ners a ./- Club pro#ides co#er for open1ended ris,s that traditionalinsurers are reluctant to insure" Typical ./- co#er includes2 a carrier$s third1

party ris,s for dama!e cause to car!o durin! carria!e3 0ar ris,s and ris,s ofen#ironmental dama!e such as oil spills and pollution"

With the aid of a dia!ram illustrate ho0 car!o bays on container ships arenumbered"A s,etch sho0in! the side aspect of a container ship 0ith bays numberedodd numbers from the bo0 !oin! aft for T45 and e#en numbers bet0een theodd numbers for 645"

With the aid of a dia!ram illustrate ho0 container cells are numbered oncontainer ships"

Cells are numbered e#en to port and odd to starboard startin! from thecentreline" Cells 0hich straddle the centreline are desi!nated 77"

With the aid of a dia!ram illustrate ho0 container cells are numbered oncontainer ships belo0 and abo#e dec,"Tiers are !i#en e#en numbers startin! from the bottom !oin! up" Abo#e dec,the e#en numbers recommence but are pre18ed 0ith the number 9"

What is meant by T45 and 645?T45 is T0enty 6oot 4qui#alent 5nit" 645 is 6orty 6oot 4qui#alent 5nit

List four ha:ards associated 0ith &o1&o car!o operations"1 ;o#in! #ehicles < could !et run o#er or crushed1 'uild up of carbon mono8ide atmospheric ha:ard1 Slippery dec, due to oil lea,a!e from #ehicles1 6allin! from open =ats or ramps1 Trip ha:ards from lashin! material air hoses lashin! equipment lyin!

about on dec,

7/24/2019 Cargo Operation

2/3

List four duties that you 0ould be in#ol#ed 0ith durin! car!o operations on&o1&o ships"

1 ;onitorin! of moorin! lines1 ;onitorin! of !an!0ay

1 Operatin! #entilation fans1 &i!!in! safety barriers1 Openin!>closin! ramps1 Openin!>closin! hatch lids1 Openin!>closin! car =ats1 Lashin! car!o1 Sto0 lashin!s and dunna!e

What is dunna!e? List four reasons 0hy dunna!e is used"unna!e is any material that is used in car!o operations to

1 .rotect the car!o from moisture and s0eat

1 .rotect the ship from car!o dama!e1 Stop the car!o from mo#in!1 &educe point loadin! of car!o on the dec,1 Allo0s #entilation around the car!o1 ;a,es it easier to slin!>unslin! the car!o1 Choc, o@ and secure car!o by llin! in bro,en sto0a!e

List three methods (materials) that can be used for dunna!e"Wood plastics rubber mats paper air ba!s polystyrene ba!s

What is meant by bro,en sto0a!e?

'ro,en sto0a!e is area 0ithin the car!o hold 0here no car!o 0ill t(unusable space) caused by solid non1standard si:ed>shaped items"

List four types of car!oes carried by 'ul, Carriers"Coal iron bau8ite sand !ypsum nic,el and other ores" 6ood such as su!arsalt 0heat and other !rain products"

escribe the processor the preparation of a car!o hold a 'ul, Carrier afterdischar!in! a car!o of salt and then loadin! of 0heat"To pre#ent taintin! the pre#ious car!o 0ill need to be 0ashed out thorou!hly0ith fresh 0ater the hold bil!es opened up cleaned and dried" The bil!e

suction and hi!h le#el alarms are chec,ed and hessian 0rapped around thebil!e plate to act as a lter before it is placed bac, in position" When the holdis completely dry the ne0 car!o is ready to be recei#ed"

o0 is the quantity of car!o that has been loaded on1board usuallydetermined?'y conductin! drau!ht sur#ey

7/24/2019 Cargo Operation

3/3

o0 is drau!ht sur#ey conducted?-t requires the accurate readin! of the drau!ht mar,s for0ard aft andamidships on both sides of the ships" Soundin! of ballast tan,s also ha#e to

be ta,en and factored in"

Other than monitorin! lines and !an!0ays list four duties in#ol#ed in car!ooperations on 'ul, Carriers"

1 Openin!>closin! hatch lids1 Cleanin! hatch coamin!s1 -nspectin! holds for !rab dama!e1 old 0ash do0n and cleanin! bil!es1 Chec,in! hatch seals1 Chec,in! drau!ht mar,s1 Ta,in! soundin! of ballast tan,s

1 Assistin! 0ith ballast operation1 ;onitorin! ste#edores usin! ships cranes

List three ad#anta!es of self1dischar!in! shipsLess manpo0er required cheaper on labour all 0eather operation #erychar!e dischar!e rate"

andlin! ha:ardous car!o requires compliance to the -; Code" What does-; stand for?-nternational ;aritime an!erous oods

What are product tan,ers and !i#e t0o e8amples of the products that theymi!ht carry".roduct tan,ers are tan,ers that carry the oil products that ha#e been renedat #arious le#els from oil reneries" They include products such as unleadedpetrol +et fuel ,erosene lubricatin! oil a#!as mo!as sol#ents"

-n the case of oil tan,ers 0hat does COW mean?Crude Oil Washin!

What is the purpose of crude oil 0ashin!?Crude oil contains a 0a8y sediment 0hich causes residue to stic, to the

sides and bottom of the oil tan,ers car!o hold" COW remo#es thesesediments and assists the strippin! of the entire car!o from the hold"