INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM1 CareersDermatology

Dermatologist (MD), Nurse Practitioner (MSN), Physician Assistant, RN (BSN)Plastic Surgeon; MD at Burn CenterEmergency Medical Services

EMT-P (Paramedic), EMT-I (Intermediate), EMT-B (Basic), First Responder

2 Medical Terminology- AbbreviationsBCC Basal cell

carcinomaID Intradermal

BX; bx biopsy MM Malignant melanoma

C&S Culture & Sensitivity

SCC Squamous cell carcinoma

decub Decubitus ulcer SG Skin graftDerm; derm dermatology SLE System lupus

erythematousHSV Herpes Simplex

Virussubcut; SC; sc subcutaneous

I&D Incision & Drainage

UV ultraviolet

3 Medical Terminology- Word BuildingCOMBINING FORM COMBINED WITH MEDICAL TERM DEFINITION

Cutane/o Sub-; -ous Subcutaneous Under the skinCyan/o -osis Cyanosis Blue skin (lack of

O2)Derm/o Epi-; -al

Hypo-; -icIntra-; -al

EpidermalHypodermicIntradermal

Upon the skinUnder the skinWithin the skin

-derma Erythr/oIchthy/oLeuk/oPy/o

Scler/oXer/o

ErythrodermaIchthyodermaLeukodermaPyoderma

SclerodermaXeroderma

Red skinDry, scaly skin

White skinPus in skinHard skinDry skin

Dermat/o -itis Dermatitis Inflammation of

-logist-osis

-pathy-plasty

DermatologistDermatosis

DermatopathyDermatoplasty

the skinSkin specialistAbnormal skin

conditionSkin disease

Surgical repair of the skin

Hidr/o An-; -osisHyper-; -osis

AnhidrosisHyperhidrosis

No sweatingExcessive sweating

Lip/o -ectomy-oma

LipectomyLipoma

Removal of fatFatty mass

Melan/o -oma-cyte

MelanomaMelanocyte

Black tumorBlack cell

Necr/o -osis Necrosis Death of tissueOnych/o -ectomy

-malaciaMyc/o-; -osis

-phagia

OnychectomyOnychomalaciaOnychomycosisOnychophagia

Removal of nailSoftening of nail

Nail fungusNail biting

Py/o -genic Pyogenic Pus formingRhytid/o -ectomy

-plastyRhytidectomyRhytidoplasty

Wrinkle RemovalSurgical wrinkle

repairSeb/o -rrhea Seborrhea Oily dischargeTrich/o Myc/o-; -osis Trichomycosis Hair fungusUngu/o -al Ungual Nails

4 Vocabulary- WoundsAbrasion Scrape caused by frictionIncision Cut caused by sharp object such as knife or scissors;

smooth/regular edges; can cause excessive bleeding if deepLaceration Tearing of tissue by excessive force; jagged/irregular edges;

bleeding may become severePuncture Caused by sharp, pointed object such as pin, nail, bullet;

internal bleeding can occurAvulsion Tissue is torn or separated from the body (ear, nose, hand, etc)Amputation Caused when a body part is torn away from the body; bleeding

is severe; preserve the body part and control bleedingWound Injury to soft tissues

5 Vocabulary- Skin LesionsMacule Flat spot on skin; frecklesPapule Firm, raised area on skin; pimple, chicken pox, syphilis (some

stages)

Vesicle Blister; fluid-filled sacPustule Pus-filled sac; acne, pimplesCrust Dried pus and blood (scab)Wheal Itchy, elevated area with irregular borders (insect bite; hives)Ulcer Deep loss of skin surface into dermis (Stage I-IV)Cicatrix ScarComedo Hardened sebum in hair follicle (blackhead)Keloid Raised scarLesion Term for wound or injury Nevus Pigmented blemish, birthmark or mole which may become

cancerous, but is usually benign Cyst Fluid-filled sac beneath the skinFissure Crack in the skinNodule Firm, solid mass of cells within the skin and measuring at least

0.5 cmAbscess Collection of pus in the skinSebaceous Cyst Oil or sebum-filled sac under the skin (from a sebaceous gland)

which may need to be excised if it becomes too large

6 Vocabulary- BurnsSuperficial; First-Degree

Burn which involves epidermis and heals within 5-6 days

Partial-thickness; Second-Degree

Burn which involves epidermis and dermis and heals within 3-4weeks

Full-thickness; Third-Degree

Burn which involves all skin layers and underlying tissues; measure using rule of 9’s

7 Vocabulary- Diseases and Abnormalities

Acne Inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles producing papules and pustules

Acne rosacea Common in adults; redness, minute pimples, broken blood vessels forming mainly on nose and cheeks

Acne vulgaris Commonly seen in teens; comedos, papules, pustulesAlbinism Genetic condition in which the body does not produce melanin

resulting in white hair and skin, red pupils, and photosensitivity Alopecia baldnessBasal Cell Carcinoma

Cancerous tumor of the epidermis (the basal cell layer); frequently arising in sun-exposed skin; rarely spreads

Carbuncle Furuncle of several hair folliclesCellulitis Inflammation of the connective tissue of the skinContusion Injury caused by blow to the body (bruising)Depigmentation Loss of normal skin color and pigment

Diaphoresis Profuse sweating Ecchymosis Bruise caused by blood collecting under the skin secondary to

trauma Eschar Dead tissue and fluid which develops over a deep burned areaEczema Dermatitis, redness, vesicles, itching, crustingFuruncle Bacterial infection in a hair follicle (boil)Gangrene Tissue death (necrosis) from insufficient blood supply Hirsutism Excessive body hair growth Hyperemia Reddened skin due to increased blood flowHyperpigmentation

Abnormal, increased amount of pigmentation in skin

Impetigo Contagious bacterial skin infection with pustules that crust over after rupturing

Keratosis Skin condition with overgrowth/thickening of the epidermisMalignant melanoma

Skin cancer characterized by uncontrollable growth of melanocytes often resulting in metastasis

Onychia Nail bed infectionPallor Paleness of skinParonychia Infected skin fold surrounding nailPediculosis Lice Petechiae Tiny purple or red spots from small hemorrhage beneath the

skinPhotosensitivity Skin reacts abnormally when exposed to lightPlastic surgery Medical specialty which involves repair, reconstruction or

improvement Pruritus Severe itchingPsoriasis Inflammatory condition involving papules which form silver

scaly patchesPurpura Usually seen in the elderly; hemorrhages into the skin

secondary to fragile vesselsPurulent Containing pus or infection which produces pusRubella Viral skin infection; aka German Measles Scabies Contagious skin infection often seen in children; egg-laying

mites burrow into skin folds causing redness and intense itching Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cancer (which usually begins as a sore which doesn’t heal) of the epidermis; may metastasize or deepen

Strawberry Hemangioma

Congenital condition in which there is a collection of dilated vessels leading to a red birthmark which goes away a few months after birth

Suppurative Containing pus Systemic Lupus Erythematous

Disease of the connective tissue (injures skin, kidneys, joints, nervous system, mucous membranes); red scaly butterfly-rash across the nose and cheeks

Tinea Fungal infection causing itchy, scaly lesionsTinea Capitis Ringworm (fungal infection)Tinea Pedis Athlete’s foot (fungal infection)Urticaria HivesVaricella Chicken poxVerruca Warts

Vitiligo Loss of skin pigment occurring in patches (leukoderma)

8 DiagnosticsCulture & Sensitivity (C&S)

Lab test where a colony of bacteria is obtained from a contaminated area (such as an open wound) to identify the bacteria which is contaminating the area. Sensitivity to specific antibiotics will then be determined.

Biopsy (bx) Tissue is obtained by various methods (needle, knife, punch or brush) to view under microscope to verify diagnosis

Exfoliative Cytology

Tissue is viewed under microscope after cell are scraped from tissue

Frozen Section (FS)

To expedite microscopic examination, tissue is cut from a frozen specimen

Fungal Scrapings

Scrapings (obtained from a lesion using a scraper) applied to growth medium to identify fungal growth by microscopic examination

9 Therapeutics Cauterization Tissue destruction via chemical,

electrical current, heat or freezingChemabrasion Abrasion by chemicals (chemical peel)Cryosurgery Destroying tissue via freezing or

extreme coldCurrettage Removing superficial skin lesions via

scraper (or curette)Debridement Removing foreign or dead material from

a wound (used with burn victims)Dermabrasion Use of sandpaper or wire brush to

remove scars and tattoos to cause abrasion

Electrocautery Destroying tissue with electrical current Incision and drainage (I & D) Creating an opening for drainage such

as pusLaser Therapy Using a laser to remove birthmarks, or

skin lesions Liposuction Removal of fatRhytidectomy (face lift) Removing excess skin to eliminate

wrinklesSkin Graft (SG) (Dermoplasty) Transferring normal skin to another site

Allograft: from donor (cadaver)Autograft: from patientHetero/Xenograft: from animal (pig)

10 Pharmacology Anesthetic Decreases or minimizes pain (pain= “caine”) (lidocaine, Xylocaine,

procaine, Novocain)Antibiotic Treats bacterial infections (Bactrim, Neosporin)Antifungal Treats fungal infection (good ole fungus =“zole”) (miconazole,

Monistat, clotrimazole, Lotrimin)Antiparasitic

Treats parasites such as mites or lice (lindane, Nix)

Antipruritic Minimize itching (Benadryl, Caladryl)Antiseptic Treat cuts and wounds to kill bacteria (Alcohol, Hydrogen Peroxide)Antiviral Treats viral infection (virus= “vir”) (Valtrex, Acyclovir, Zovirax)Corticosteroid

Anti-inflammatory cream (hydrocortisone)