Cardamom

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Made By: 151-160 1st year pharmacy

Cardamom

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Part use:Dried unripe seeds of Elettaria cardamomum. Family: Zingiberaceae.

“Recently separated from the fruits”

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Botanical Origin

Pharmacognosy2135 for pharmacy students first year - second semester

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The fruit:Kind; loculicidal capsule The seed:Embryo; straightKind; albuminousOvule; anatropousOutgrowth; arrilus

4/17/2015Pharmacognosy2135 for pharmacy students first year - second semester

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Morphology

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L.CUT

Microscopical characters

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T.CUT

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Arillus

Oil

Epiderm

Oily layer

Inner seed coat

Perisperm

EndospermSclerenchyma

Embryo

Raphe


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Key elements

StarchOily layer

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The essential volatile oil in the seeds contain;

a-terpineol 45%, myrcene 27%, limonene 8%, menthone 6%, ß-phellandrene 3%, 1,8-cineol 2%, sabinene 2% and heptane 2%. Abundant starch in

perisperm.

Active Constituents

http://www.spicesmedicinalherbs.com/green-cardamom-spice-uses-constituents.html




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Volatile oil + Sudan III red color

Cardamom powder ‘on cold’ + drops of water + 2 drops of I2 solution blue color

Chemical Tests

Mechanism of Action

http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/nutrition-research/learning-center/plant-profiler/elettaria-cardamomum.html



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Medical uses A stimulant and carminative, it is used for indigestion

and flatulence In India, green cardamom (A. subulatum) is broadly

used to treat infections in teeth and gums. It is used to prevent and treat throat troubles,

congestion of the lungs and pulmonary tuberculosis. Used in inflammation of eyelids and also digestive

disorders. It is also reportedly used as an antidote for both snake

and scorpion venom. Indians regarded it as a cure for obesity. Cardamom is used as a breath-freshener, but it is said

that excessive use thins the blood.

Uses

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Culinary Uses The leaves are cooked and eaten as greens

and the roots are said to be sweet succulent and delicious when boiled like potatoes.

Flowers are a sweet addition to salads or as a garnish and young seedpods are steamed.

Uses





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Culinary Uses The pods can be used whole or split when cooked in

Indian substantial meals — such as pulses Cardamom is often included in Indian sweet dishes and

drinks like punches and milled wines. It is used in pickles, especially pickled herring and

flavors custard. It is also chewed habitually (like nuts) where freely

available, as in the East Indies, and in the Indian masticory, betel pan.

It is often used in baking in Scandinavia and in Danish pastries.

Uses

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Culinary Uses Throughout the Arab world, Cardamom is one of the

most popular spices, with Cardamom coffee being a symbol of hospitality and prestige.

In the Moghul cuisine (Northern India) it abundantly used in the delicious rice dishes called biriyanis.

In Sri Lanka, the pods are added to fiery beef or chicken curries.

A small amount of Cardamom will add a tempting flavor to coffee cake.

Flans, rice puddings, porridges, etc. taste much better with a dash of cardamom.

Add whole cardamoms to flavour tea drunk with milk.

Uses

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It is often adulterated and there are many inferior substitutes from cardamom-related plants, such as Siam cardamom, Nepal cardamom, winged Java cardamom, and bastard cardamom. However, it is only Elettaria cardamomum which is the true cardamom.

Allid Species

http://theepicentre.com/spice/cardamom/



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SeedRare .. those of various varieties and allied species taken from the pericarp; entire fruit with orange seed, green coffee, etc.; PowderStarch, sodium carbonate, ginger (recognized by its larger starch grains), etc.

Adulteration

http://chestofbooks.com/health/materia-medica-drugs/A-Manual-of-Materia-Medica-and-Pharmacology/Elettaria-Cardamomi-Semen-Cardamom-Seed-U-S-P.html#.VTEx_SGqqkp









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Powel disorder Biliary colic Contact dermatitis Vomiting, nausea and diarrhea

Side Effects

http://www.botanical-online.com/english/cardamom_side_effects.htm

http://www.botanical-online.com/english/cardamom_side_effects.htm

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Ulcer People with diverticulitis Intestinal diseases Gallstones and colic “but it is

recommended in flatulence colic.” Endometriosis Pregnant woman Essential oil shouldn’t be given to

children under 6 years

Contraindication

http://www.botanical-online.com/english/cardamon_contraindications.htm

http://www.botanical-online.com/english/cardamon_contraindications.htm

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Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

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Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

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Exploration for the multi-effect of cardamom in's resistance to multiple myeloma. (2014)

Recent Researches

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25410063

Stability of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) essential oil in microcapsules made of whey protein isolate, guar gum, and carrageenan. (2014)






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Rhynchophorus ferrugineus midgut cell line to evaluate insecticidal potency of different plant essential oils. (2015)

Recent Researches


Histological and ultrastructural studies on the toxic effect of pan masala and its amelioration byElettaria cardamomum. (2014)






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Determination of elements by atomic absorption spectrometry in medicinal plants employed to alleviate common cold symptoms. (2014)

Recent Researches


Traditional phytoremedies for the treatment of menstrual disorders in district Udhampur, J&K, India. (2014)







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Cardamom

Education

Transcript of Cardamom