CARBONRT®

Non-Radioactive Traceable Proppant

Mark Chapman, Lead Petroleum Engineer

Far-field– Microseismic mapping– Tilt mapping

Near wellbore– Temperature logs– Sonic logs– Particulate radioactive tracers– Non-Radioactive Tracers

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Existing Fracture Detection Technologies

Do not directly measure proppant location

Proppant-Delivered Technology Platforms

CERAMICS

RESIN COATED PRODUCTS

Proppant Delivered

Flow Enhancement

Proppant Delivered

Production Intelligence

Proppant Delivered

Production Assurance

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CARBOTAG® (2007)– Non-radioactive tagged proppant– Upon flowback, can be identified with routine chemical analysis– Identifies which screen, well and/or completion is flowing proppant

CARBONRT® (2010)– Non-radioactive tagged/traced proppant– Can be detected downhole using a standard neutron log– Identifies where proppant is located (perfs, frac, etc)

CARBO’s Intelligent Proppant Line

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• Environmentally friendly traceable proppant

• Tracer incorporated into every grain• Does not degrade / No “half-life”• Available in any size and type of

CARBO’s ceramic proppants• Does not affect physical properties

of proppant, and no MSDS change

What is CARBONRT?

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When CARBONRT is present:Pulsed Neutron Log

– Formation thermal neutron cross section (Sigma) will increase

– The gamma counts of each detector will decrease

Compensated Neutron Log– Neutron count rate in near/far

detector will decrease– N/F ratio is unchanged

• Delta in N/F Ratio indicates change in Hydrogen Index

Principles of CARBONRT Detection

gamma

collision

CARBONRT

neutron

*Pulsed Neutron Log

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Pulsed Neutron Log Example

Gated Gamma

Ray Counts

Formation Gamma

Ray Counts

Formation Sigma

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Proppant location and fracture height

Cement coverage

Gravel and frac pack identification

Applications

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CARBONRT shows

Frac Height Drainage area

Well Spacing

Perf strategy

Frac Design

How does CARBONRT provide value?

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Missed opportunity?

CARBONRT shows

Proppant Placement– Missed pay– Cause for

underperformance– Perf strategy– Restim potential

How does CARBONRT provide value?

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Objective:– Bullhead cement in 9-5/8 x 7 inch

annulus– Log run in 2-3/8 inch tubing– Detect cement through 3 layers

of pipe

Results: – CARBONRT (cement) detected

to 680’, below 9-5/8 inch casing shoe

– Proves cement integrity

Novel Application - Cement Evaluation

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Process:PNL (memory tool) is run in hole on the end of the wash pipe

Before treatment log obtained on trip in hole

Gravel/Frac pack treatment carried out with CARBONRT proppant

After treatment log run out trip out of hole

Analysis of gravel height and relative quality and frac height

New Application - Gravel Pack Detection

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Use a PNL tool

Identify gravel pack height

Determine gravel coverage

quality

New Application - Gravel Pack DetectionBorehole

Sigma (cu)

Due to casings

Partial gravel packing100% gravel packing

Academic achievements: SPE 146744 (Field Trials), SPE 149102 (Middle East), SPE 151696 (Field Results), SPE 152169 (Rockies), SPE 152251 (Colombia), IPTC 14369 (China), IPTC 16581

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CARBONRT is field proven technology

Europe

West Africa

North America

South America

Russia

Australia

China

Middle East

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Tagged proppant - can be detected downhole using standard neutron logs

Environmentally responsible – NOT radioactive– Can be logged any time– Maintains integrity

Requires no special handling or MSDS modifications

Can be used to determine proppant placement– Frac height and placement– Gravel/frac pack height– Cement evaluation

CARBONRT

Any Questions?