CARBON FOOTPRINTING AND DESIGN OF SOLAR POWER PLANT
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Transcript of CARBON FOOTPRINTING AND DESIGN OF SOLAR POWER PLANT
CARBON FOOTPRINTING AND DESIGN OF SOLAR POWER PLANT FOR THE
ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING OF PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY
Mini-project Thesis Report
ByANKIT KUMAR SINGH
Roll No. 14307017Under the guidance of
Dr. R. Arun Prasath
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTIONMETHODOLOGY CARBON FOOTPRINT ANALYSIS GRID CONNECTED PV SYSTEM DESIGN
1. PLAN I2. PLAN II
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
Approach towards carbon emission.
Major sources of carbon emissions.
Pondicherry Central University
Approach towards green development
Courses such as:
o Green energy technology
o Pollution control
Usage of solar street lights
Solar water heaters
Provision of cycles for the students
Solar stand-alone system on GET building
In accordance with Electrical Wing of Pondicherry University.
Undertaking of a proposal on Carbon footprint Analysis and grid connected solar rooftop PV system of the Administrative Building of Pondicherry University.
METHODOLOGY• SITE DETAILS: The Administrative Building of Pondicherry University .
The latitude and longitude of the Admin Building is: 12.02 N and 79.85 E.
• SURVEY:
Manual survey of the site performed with the help of electrical wing.
• Inventory load distribution
72800
497360
15000
4340001468320
3450010800
ENERGY (WH)
FansLightsXerox and PrintersComputersAC PLANT LOAD(133tonne*1.38KW/tonne)Passenger liftWater coolers
SURVEY :
The total energy consumption of the administrative building for a day is 2.08MWh and 644.8MWh yearly.
• CARBON FOOTPRINT ANALYSIS:According to CEA(Central Electricity Authority),
the per MWh energy produced in Tamil Nadu generates 0.87tonnes of CO₂.
Thus the yearly carbon emission of the site is 561tonnes
• PV POWER PLANTSurvey of the rooftop area for the site done.Total area available was= 1147m². • SHADOW ANALYSIS:to determine the shadow free area for laying
down the panels.for worst case scenario i.e. DEC 21.
Formula used:
Considering for horizontal surfaces,β=0. so, the equation gets reduced to
ϴ=56.54 for both 9 am and 3pm.The structure being 4.8m, the shadow subtended by it
was it was 7.4m.This reduces the available area for our purpose to 825m².• Array spacing:For 80Wp panel:o Length=1.205 m, Inclination=12°o Therefore, H= 1.205cos12° = 0.26m
Length of shadow=1.205tan 56.54=0.4m.o Considering maintenance purpose, we took
the spacing to be 0.6m.STRUCTURE HEIGHT(m) SHADOW
SUBSTENDED(m)
STAIR CASE 1 4.87 7.38
LIFT ROOM 1 4.87 7.38
LIFT ROOM 2 4.87 7.38
STAIR CASE 2 4.87 7.38
PLAN I
• LAYOUT:50KW Power plant consists of 622 panels of
80Wp each and a total area of 397m².
Block A: Covers an area of 272.18m² and consists a total of 203 panels.
Block B: Covers an area of 371.1m² and consists of 286 panels.
Block C: Covers an area of 181.6m² and consists of 133 panels.
• Inverter:It is considered as the heart of the system.Converts DC to AC.Output connected to the grid. According to the inverter specification:o For our system of 50KW, we require 3*15KW
inverter and a 1*8KW inverter.
• Estimation of annual yieldThe estimation of yield requires various
parameters such as:o Average daytime temperatureo Nominal operating cell temperature(NOCT).o Annual degradation and other losses.
• LOSSES CONSIDERED Column1 Column2 Column3NOCT 48 degree celsiustemeperature coefficient for Pmax 0.0045 per degree celsiusAnnual Degradation 1.00% per year for 1st 10 yearsAnnual Degradation 0.67% per year for 11-25 years
other losses loss multiplying factor pv losses due to irradiacne level 3% 0.97soiling loss 5.00% 0.95manufacturer tolerance 5.00% 0.95inverter loss during operation 5.00% 0.95loss in dc cable 2.00% 0.98loss in the transformer 0.00% 1loss in ac transmission 0.00% 1
Loss in the generation capacity of the power plant every 5 year.
Percentage loss at the end of 25th year is 17.5%
year 1 year 5 year 6 year 10 year 15 year 20 year 250
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Annual energy yield(MWh)
Annual energy yield(MWh)
o The cell temperature was calculated by the formula :
Tcell = T air+((NOCT-20)/800)*S Where, we considered (S=800 W/m2)
• ARRAY SIZING:Done according to the inverter specification.Voltage increases in series whereas current
increases in parallel.According to the inverter ratings we design
our array.
SUBSYSTEMS
ARRAY SUBSYSTEMS NO.OF PANELS INVERTER SIZE(KW)
SUBSYSTEM 1 174 15
SUBSYSTEM 2 174 15
SUBSYSTEM 3 174 15
SUBSYSTEM 4 100 8
TOTAL 622 53
• ELECTRICAL LAYOUTS
ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES AND ENERGY METER:
Cables will conform to regional standard and shall be of650 V/ 1.1 kV grade.
Interconnections, array to junction boxes, junction boxes to DCDB, DCDB to PCU etc. will be selected to keep voltage drop and losses to the minimum.
Net metering device used.
• INSTALLATION:MOUNTING STRUCTURESo Mounting should be done by galvanized MS
frames, GI angles and PCC on the roof. o The height of the mounting should be 1m to
overcome the other small structures on the roof.
• Cost estimation:• An estimate of 70 lakhs with following cost distribution.
54.47
1.08939999999999
4.35759999999999
4.357599999999994.357599999999990.544700000000001
COST DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM HARDWARE
TRANSPORT AND INSURANCE
CIVIL AND ELEC. WORK
INSTALLATION AND COMM.
ANNUAL MAINTAINANCE FOR 5 YEARS
CONTINGENCIES
• Payback period:Current solar tariff is Rs.5.05/unit.
According to the generation per year, the payback period of this system will be 17 years.
PLAN II
• Layout:• 10KW system, consisting of 122 panels of
which 88*80Wp panels and 34*74Wp panels.
• Module specification:• Standard 80Wp &74Wp panels by Tata bp
solar.• Estimation of annual yieldSame method of loss calculation was
employed.14%loss from the 5th year till 25th year.
The total energy yield from 5th year to 25th year is 227.58MWh.
year 1 year 5 year 6 year 10 year 15 year 20 year 250
2
4
6
8
10
12
14Annual energy yield(MWh)
Annual energy yield(MWh)
• Inverter: According to the specifications, we require only one system of
12KW.
• Array sizing A set of 5 parallel strings with 25 panels each was designed to fit the requirements.
Cost estimation: total cost will be 8.5lakhs with the following distribution.
6.67
0.134
0.534
0.5340.534 0.067
COST DISTRIBUTION
CONTINGENCIESSYSTEM HARDWARETRANSPORT AND INSURANCECIVIL AND ELEC. WORKINSTALLATION AND COMM.ANNUAL MAINTENANCE FOR 5 YEARSCONTINGENCIESCONTINGENCIES
Payback period: According to the current solar tariff which is
Rs.5.05 per unit generated by the solar photovoltaic system, the payback period will be around 15 years.
Conclusion
The total power consumption of 644.8 MWh per year. carbon footprint generation of 561tonnes annually. PLAN I, the total active area available is 825m²,622 panels
covering an area of 397.25m² generate a total of 63.37MWh yearly.
saving 50tonne of CO₂ every year. Total cost of this plan is approximately Rs.69.2 Lakhs. payback period of this system will be 17 years
PLAN II, 122 panels with 88 panels of 80Wp and 34 panels of 74Wp
generation per year by this system is 12.25MWh saving 10tonne of CO₂ yearly cost reduces to some extent costing a total of Rs.8.48 Lakhs
approximately The payback period of this system will be 15 years
THANK YOU!