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Carbon Footprint and Reduction

Strategies for Global Fund GrantsSaving Lives Sustainably

Dr Kristian Steele

Dr Christoph Hamelmann

Presentation at The Global Fund

Geneva, 15 April 2015

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Content

• Measuring and managing

carbon emissions

• Work on UNDP-GF

programmes

• Grant carbon footprints

• Five focus areas

• The carbon footprint tool

• Integration with NFM

• Social cost of carbon

• Global Fund climate change

impact

• Recognition

• End

3

Measuring and managing carbon emissions:

The organisation

or sector

A region, locality or city

A product & its

supply chain

An asset

The building/civil

portfolio

A programme

4

Attributing impact and responsibility

UNDP-GF programmes

• Measure and understand climate change impacts

• Identify priorities

• Develop response strategies to lower footprint and impacts in priority areas

• Explore options for integration of carbon reduction activities with programme delivery

Project outputs

The carbon teamJohn Macauley

Regional Programme Specialist

HIV, Health and Development

UNDP Regional Centre, Europe and

the CIS

Elliman Jagne

Operations Manager GFATM projects

UNDP Zimbabwe

Tedla Mezemir Damte (MD,MPH)

Program Manager - Global Fund

Grants

UNDP Tajikistan

Graeme Esau

Junior Professional Consultant

UNDP Zimbabwe

Dr. Christoph Hamelmann

Regional Practice Leader HIV, Health

and Development

UNDP Regional Centre, Europe and

the CIS

Devni Acharya

Environmental Consultant,

Resource & Waste Management

Arup

Dr. Maria Brucoli

Engineer and Microgrids

Specialist, Building Engineering

Arup

Aleksandra Krukar

Admin/Finance Analyst

UNDP Tajikistan

Tedla Mezemir Damte (MD,MPH)

Program Manager - Global Fund

Grants

UNDP Tajikistan

Keith Robertson

Senior Sustainability

Consultant & Lead Analyst

Arup

Dr. Kristian Steele

Senior Analyst, Advanced

Technology & Research

Arup

Daisy Mukarakate

Programme Specialist –

Environment and energy

UNDP Zimbabwe

Volker Welter

Senior Procurement Adviser

UNDP Nordic Office

Saleban Omar (MD, MSc, DTM&H)

Senior Regional Programme

Advisor,

HIV, Health and Development

Practice

UNDP Regional Services Centre for

Africa, EthiopiaDr. Tedla Mezemir Damte

Program Manager - Global Fund

Grants

UNDP Tajikistan

Dr. Stamatios Christopoulos

Energy & Environment

Programme Analyst

Bratislava Regional Centre UNDP

Europe and the CIS

Itana Labovic

HIV/AIDS Programme

Manager/M&E Specialist

UNDP Montenegro

8UNDP-GF

grant 1UNDP-GF

grant 2

UNDP-GF

grant 3

Identify

programme

climate change

priorities

Evaluate climate change impact of programme

~ 200,000 tCO2e

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Fleet vehicles

• Aim: identify opportunities for emissions

reduction of country vehicle fleet

• Finding:

• Vehicle use ~ 6% of grant GHG

emissions

• Efficient vehicles / optimised trip

management: 27% GHG emission

reduction

• Hybrid vehicles ~ 75% reduction in

vehicle emissions per km

• Full hybrid vehicle use ~ 5% cut of

total grant footprint.

• Outcome: Must investigate potential to

extend efficiencies to sub-recipients and

operations beyond PIU

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Sustainable energy planning of health facilities

• Aim: Complete a pilot assessment for a

renewable energy system install to an

off grid primary health facility

• Finding:

• Carbon payback in 2 years

• Financial payback in 4 years

• Significant benefit to GHG

emissions reduction if applied at

scale, i.e. 100,000’s tonnes CO2e

• Outcome:

• Review how UNDP-GF

programmes support health clinic

power infrastructure and

incentivise lower carbon renewable

solutions

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Value chain impacts

• Aim: Seek better carbon emissions

data from supply chains

• Finding:

• there remains little incentive

for manufactures to engage on

climate change within

procurement systems as they

are currently structured

• Interest from some

manufacturers

• Outcome: Confirms need for

progressive change approach

already under way through the

United Nations iIATT-SPHS

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Action on climate change during programme delivery

• Aim: how to extend action on

climate change to day-to-day grant

management activities

• Finding:

• Existing systems and reporting

processes of grant delivery

offer a viable working

framework to gather footprint

data

• Outcome: create carbon footprint

module to disbursement and

reporting system

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The climate change and waste management nexus

• Aim: was to understand the climate

change impact of pharmaceutical

waste management

• Finding:

• GHG emissions of

pharmaceutical waste are

marginal

• resource efficiency hierarchy and

climate change mitigation at odds

• Outcome:

• environmental safeguarding

requires clear weighted decision

making across issues

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Service utilisation

Emissions from travel of clients to service

delivery outlets and emissions from

operation of facilities:

• Aim: understand emissions levels.

Focused study on only 3 interventions

1. Voluntary testing /counselling

2. Antiretroviral treatment

3. Monitoring of HIV-infected

• Finding: GHG emissions of 4,764 tCO2e

~ 20% additional to grant footprint

• Outcome: spatial aspect of service

delivery is interesting a decentralised

delivery model could offer a net carbon

saving?

Carbon

footprint

tool

Global

Fund

New

Funding

Model

Putting climate change data into grant making: NFM

1. Global Fund / UNDP GHGs strategy review

2. Capacity building for Grant Managers

3. Identification of carbon baseline/budget

4. Early review of benchmark. Module/Activity carbon assessments

from previous work

5. Assessment of programme GHG emissions based on proposed grant

(disease and HSS component)

6. Review of programme carbon emissions

7. Compliance review of Environmental Safeguarding Policy

8. Monitoring and evaluation of GHG emissions

Putting climate change data into grant making:

NFM

Awareness

raising / training

for grant

developers

Concept Note

development

TRP

˅˄GAC

Grant

making

2nd

GAC

˅˄

BOARD

Grant

implemen

tation

Global Fund / UNDP GHG Strategy review

Capacity building for Grant Managers

Identification of carbon baseline/budget

Early review of benchark Module/Activity

carbon assessments from previous work

Assessment of programme GHG emissions

based on proposed grant (Disease and HSS

Component)

Review of Programme Carbon Emissions

Compliance review of Environmental

Safeguarding Policy

Monitoring and evaluation of GHG

emissions

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An outline calculation: Rough estimate of Global

Fund climate change impact based on initial data

Based on our studies the carbon intensity of

GF projects are:

HIV: 1.5kg CO2e/$

MAL: 1.3kg CO2e/$

TB: 1.6kg CO2e/$

If we take historical disbursement allocations

as shown and combine with a known projected

annual disbursement: ≈ $ 4.5 billion

HIV: 56%

MAL: 28%

TB: 15%

Then GF programmes annual carbon pollution

can be estimated as:

HIV: 3,753,000 tonnes of CO2e

MAL: 1,638,000 tonnes of CO2e

TB: 1,088,000 tonnes of CO2e

Total Global Fund carbon pollution: 6,479,000 tonnes of CO2e per year

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The social cost of carbon: Initial estimates

An estimate of the economic damage associated with the

increase of atmospheric CO2e levels

a value of $30 per tonne CO2e defined by Stern as the cost

associated with atmosphere CO2e concentrations

stabilising at 450-550ppm CO2e and keeping temperature

rises within a safe limit of 2oC

• This means we can monetize for a programme the cost of

climate change damage

• It is estimated that GF emission levels have a Social Cost of

Carbon of approximately 6% of total GF disbursement; this

means:

$194 million of climate change damage is incurred with

each year of GF disbursement

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theguardian

Sustainable Business Awards 2014

Development of electricity infrastructures

in sub-Saharan Africa (Oct 2015)

Recognition

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Thank you for your attention