Carbon Cycle Key points. Carbon Cycle geos.ed.ac.uk.
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Transcript of Carbon Cycle Key points. Carbon Cycle geos.ed.ac.uk.
Carbon Cycle
Key points
Carbon Cycle
geos.ed.ac.uk
How Carbon moves
• Atmosphere to plants– Photosynthesis: CO2 to plant food– Carbon dioxide + Water + Light energy → Glucose + Oxygen– 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
• Plants to animals– Food chain: producers to consumers
• Plants and Animals to ground (Soil) – Died and then decompose– Some gets buried miles underground and turns into fossil
fuels in millions and millions of years.
Continue on how Carbon moves
• Living things to atmosphere– Respiration: animal and plants get rid of CO2 by exhaling
• Humans to the atmosphere– Burning fossil fuels– Each year 5 ½ billion tons of C is released…equals 100
million adult African elephants!
Continue on how Carbon moves
• Atmosphere to Ocean– Diffusion: ocean soak it up– Marine animals use it to build their skeletons and
shells• Marine animals to ocean floor– Die and drop to the floor– Eventually they form into limestone
Carbon Cycle Question
• We enjoy the taste of an apple because it is sweet. From where did the apple tree get the carbon to make sugar? – A. air– B. water– C. soil– D. nitrate fertilizer
Carbon Cycle Question
• The most abundant element in a wooden stick is carbon. Where did the carbon come from?– A. water– B. air– C. soil– D. fertilizer
Carbon Cycle Question
• Where do animals get the carbon found in their bodies?– A. from the air– B. from eating food– C. from the soil– D. from vitamins and minerals
Carbon Cycle Question
• For millions of years the carbon cycle has been in balance. Climatologists are concerned because data indicates the amount of carbon in the air is increasing. Which theory best explains this loss of atmospheric balance?– A. CFAs have created a hole in the ozone.– B. Society has increased the burning of fossil fuels.– C. Environmentalists have increased the size of rain
forests.– D. Our society has recognized the danger of nuclear
fission.
Carbon Cycle Question
• If the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases due to human activities, what do scientists predict will be the result?– A. increased cases of sunburn– B. warmer temperatures– C. increased incidence of earthquakes– D. more snowfall in the winter
Importance of Carbon
• Building block for life– Forms fossil fuels– Is used in complex molecules, such as DNA and
RNA, to control genetic reproduction in organisms.• RNA: to read the genetic information found in DNA and
to produce specific organic molecules used in the development and functioning of cells. It is a copy of a portion of DNA.• DNA: Coding for genetics and direct the development
and functioning of cells.
Nitrogen CycleKey Points
Nitrogen Cycle
bioh.wikispaces.com
Importance of Nitrogen Allows plants and animals to make amino
acids, proteins and DNA Amino acids: use to make proteins Proteins: made of C, H, N, and other
elements, involved in almost all cell functions Forms: antibodies, contractile-movement,
enzymes, storage, structural support DNA: genetic coding to direct the
development and functions of cells.
How Nitrogen Moves Move from atmosphere to Plants
Fire, lightning, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria Changes it from N2 to the form which plants can use:
ammonium ion (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3
-) Bacteria live in the soil and on the roots of plants, which then
provides nitrogen to the plants Plants to Animals
Food Chain: Producers to consumers Plants and animals to soil
Animal waste Decay of organisms
Plants and animals to atmosphere Decay of organisms
Human impact on the Nitrogen Cycle Humans add to much nitrogen which off
balances the cycle Nitrogen-rich fertilizer and livestock waste
Affect: Increase nitrate (form of nitrogen) causes
plants to grow fast until they use up the supply and die
Increase in plants = increase in consumers and when the plants all die so do the consumers
Nitrogen Cycle Question Which letters on the cycle shows where
nitrogen is being “fixed” into a useable form for plants? A. A, D B. B, C C. C, D D. A, B
Nitrogen Cycle Question How do plants get the nitrogen they
require for growth? A. the process of photosynthesis creates
nitrogen from sugar B. by absorbing it from holes in their
leaves and combining it with oxygen C. a symbiotic relationship with bacteria
that “fixes” nitrogen in the roots D. nitrogen from the air attaches itself to
the stem and leaves of plants.
Nitrogen Cycle Question Which of the following best explains why
animal manure can be used as a fertilizer for crops and gardens? The plant uses the A. carbon from the dead plant matter to
make sugar B. nitrogen to make proteins and DNA C. oxygen for cellular respiration D. hydrogen to form sugars
Carbon Cycle Question Which place on the nitrogen cycle shows
nitrogen in its LEAST useable form? A. A B. B C. C D. D