Carbon Compounds. Carbon Compound Models R = A chain of carbons C – C = (C:C) The bond represents...
-
Upload
kelley-hines -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
3
Transcript of Carbon Compounds. Carbon Compound Models R = A chain of carbons C – C = (C:C) The bond represents...
Carbon CompoundsCarbon
Compounds
Carbon Compound Models
R = A chain of carbons C – C = (C:C) The bond represents a pair of
electrons shared between two carbonsR1 versus R2 = 2 different carbon chains
Alkanes
Functional group:- A long chain of carbons and hydrogens
connected by single bonds (share 2 electrons)
Ending: ‘ane’
Alkenes
Functional group: - 2 carbons that share 4 electrons (2 electrons =
1 bond, 4 electrons = 2 bonds)
Ending: ‘ene’
Alkynes
Functional group:- 2 carbons share 6 electrons = have 3 bonds
Ending: ‘yne’
Organic Halides
Functional group- Halides = Family of elements with a -1 charge
(Cl, Br, F, I, At)- If any carbon contains one or more members
of the halide family it is an organic halide
Ending: Does not change. Shows up at the beginning chloro- fluoro- bromo-
Alcohols
Functional Group:- An OH on a carbon (Make sure it is not a
carboxylic acid)
Ending: ‘anol’
Ethers
Functional Group:- A carbon chain that is linked at one point with
an oxygen
Ending: ‘yl ether’
Carboxylic Acids
Functional group:- A double bonded oxygen on a carbon at the
end of a chain. Added to this carbon is an OH group.
Ending: ‘ic acid’
Aldehydes
Functional Group:- An oxygen that is double bonded to the
carbon on the end of a chain
Ending: ‘al’
Keytones
Functional group:- A double bonded oxygen that is not on the
end carbon (make sure it is not an ester)
Ending: ‘one’
Esters
Functional Group:- A carbon with a double bonded oxygen and a
single bonded oxygen on it.
Ending: ‘oate’
Amines
Functional Group:- A nitrogen found in a chain of carbons
Ending: ‘amine’
Amides
Functional groups:- A carbon with a nitrogen on it and a double
bonded oxygen.
Ending: ‘amide’
Aromatics
Functional groups:- A ring made up of 6 carbons. Every second
bond is a double bond.Ending: ‘ene’
Naming Chains
Step one single alkane chainsNumber of Carbons
Name
1 methane2 ethane3 propane4 butane5 pentane6 hexane7 heptane8 octane9 nonane
10 decane
Assignment
Crossword