Capitalism is about making money and profitCommunism is sharing the means of production and its goods

Father of communism

History is the struggle of the Haves and Have nots

The introduction of new technologies and methods of production. Started in England.

Bell ringer

What was the industrial revolution?

Where did it start?

Who is Karl Marx and what did he believe

about history?

What is the difference between capitalism and communism?

Review What we already know:-Russia was ruled by the Czar- an absolute ruler-Russification had outlawed other ethnic and religious groups-Pogroms had forced millions of Jews to flee -Russia was largely not industrialized (lost the Russo-Japanese war as a result)

CommunismDuring the Industrial Revolution, Karl Marx developed the idea of communism:

-a communist society has no class structure because everyone is equal and all property is shared. -Marx believed the masses would rise up to overthrow the Bourgeoisie -History has been the struggle of the proletariat against bourgeoisie-Government controls the means of production (factories, resources)

Russian Revolution

WWI amplifies the problems already existing in Russia, leading to a Communist Revolution

Revolution= Change

Causes-- WWIRussian people had a long history of being upset with the government, however, WWI made these problems worse:

-Soldiers were ill prepared and dying (not industrialized)-Famines-poor military leadership-distrust the Czar and German born Czarina-serfdom keeps peasants poor

March Revolution 1917-Protestors shout Bread! Bread! Bread! -Soldier join the demonstrators-Czar Nicholas abdicates (_____________) and the Duma takes over-The Duma is a council of advisors who continue the war because they want to avoid punishment, but this causes further anger among Russians. Allows Lenin to come to power.

gives up throne

The Czar and his family are put under house arrest

Lenin-A socialist who believes in Communism and Marxist thought-Led the Bolsheviks (___________)-believed in a small number of elite leading the “revolution” into communism-Was exiled but sent back to Russia in April 1917 by

Germany after the March Revolution of 1917

communists

Lenin was Germany’s “Secret” weapon. The Germans smuggled

Lenin back into Russia during WWI to help spread a Revolution to force

Russia out of the War.

Lenin’s GoalsHelp the elite proletariat rise up against the bourgeoisie and instill Communism -Give workers control of the factories and farms-Gained support through the slogan “Peace, Land, Bread”

Peace, Land, Bread

Get out of WWI End serfdom and give peasants small plots of private land

Guarantee basic daily needs

November Revolution 1917-The Bolsheviks (______________) take power without bloodshedProblems:•To get out of WWI Russia must give up large amounts of land. Accomplished with the signing of the Brest-Litovsk treaty

communists

Brest-LitovskThis treaty helped Russia leave WWI. However, the Germans punished Russia by taking large amounts of land.

Cede-Formally give up

possession

Civil War•Civil War between:• Lenin’s Red Army- Bolsheviks/

communists• White Army- Czar’s loyalists and Allied

forces•Reign of Terror- kill opponents and Czar’s family•Millions die from starvation as the civil war drags on for 3 years

The RomanovsThe Czar and his family were placed under house arrest after his abdication.

They are relatively safe until Lenin and the Bolsheviks take control.

Fearing for their lives the Romanov family begins to plan an escape. They sew jewels into their clothes and make plans. However, before they can escape the Romanovs are taken to the basement and assassinated, including Anastasia.

USSR- United Soviet Socialist RepublicsLenin’s War Communism- His attempt to bring strict Marxism to Russia

-Government seizes control of banks, mines, factories and railroads

-peasants deliver “surplus” food to cities

-Red army becomes highly effective (every 10th man is shot if they fail)

New Economic PolicyCommunism fails as the economy plummets and the People don’t want to grow food for the cities

Instead, Lenin must resort to his NEP- New Economic Policy- small businesses can open for PROFIT and farmers can SELL surplus food for profit.

Is the NEP strict communism? Why or why not?

Stalin comes to PowerLenin dies suddenly in 1924Stalin and Trotsky compete for power in the party

Stalin had spent years giving away jobs and these people owed allegiance to him

Trotsky was an educated and talented leader, but lacked support

In the end Stalin is chosen to succeed Lenin and Trotsky goes into exile in South America where he is later assassinated.

Stalin Trotsky

Stalin’s 5 year plansStalin set up a command economy: the government makes all decisions

Created 5 year plans to -build industry (industrialize!)-improve transport-increase farm output*The government owns all methods of production*

(factories, businesses and resources)Command Capitalist (Free Market)

*Government control*Government makes decisions on production

*entrepreneurs own business*Supply and Demand

Totalitarian StateTotalitarian: The Government controls every aspect of daily life

-Great purge to get rid of opponents

-Farms become collectivespeasants work on large state owned farms called collectives. They had no control and the government seized their animals, tools and machines.

-Workers were forced to achieve quotas:-success= reward-failure=punishment

-Stalin also abolished the church- Russia became an atheist state which worshipped Stalin, Lenin or Marx

1937-1938 Purge of the Army

•Members of the Supreme Military Soviet•Vice-Commissars•Brigade Commissars•Marshalls•Army Commanders•Brigade Commanders

•Original NumberExecuted•8075•1111•3634•53•1614•397221

Stalin’s propaganda

Used propaganda to spread his message and enforce his policies.

Russian Communist Symbols:

RED- color of communism

Hammer= factory workers

Sickle= agricultural workers

Together the Workers can create their own communist nation

Socialist Benefits and DrawbacksBenefits Drawbacks

*Free Education*Low Cost housing*Basic survival needs met*free transportation*free healthcare

*Poor quality, crowded housing*Transportation not reliable*no way to advance in career*Communist party members were the elite

American, French and Russian Revs

American 1776-Least Radical

-Served as a model-Democracy

French 1789-executed thousands

-Middle class gained say

Russian 1917-seized peasant

land-government takes

absolute control-millions die

The American and French Revolutions gave more power to

the peasants and middle classes

ReviewWhich is generally a characteristic of a communist economy?

1. investment is encouraged by the promise of large profits 2. the role of government in the economy is restricted by law 3. government agencies are involved in production planning 4. entrepreneurs sell shares in their companies to the government

ReviewStalin’s Five-Year Plans and his decision to form collectives are examples of

1. strategies to modernize the economy of the Soviet Union through forced communism 2. a more friendly foreign policy toward China 3. methods of dealing with the United States during the Cold War 4. programs to westernize, educate, and enlighten the population

ReviewA major cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was the

1. defeat of Germany in the Russian campaign 2. marriage of Czar Nicholas II to a German princess 3. existence of sharp economic differences between social classes 4. appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobility

Review Which is an accurate statement about the Soviet economy under the leadership of Joseph Stalin?

1. a large selection of consumer goods became available 2. the Soviet Union increased its industrial output by developing heavy industry 3. private farmers were encouraged to sell their surplus produce in an open market 4. the government reduced its role in planning industrial production

ReviewThe Russian peasants supported the Bolsheviks in the 1917 Revolutions mainly because the Bolsheviks promised to

1. establish collective farms 2. maintain the agricultural price-support system 3. bring modern technology to Russian farms 4. redistribute the land owned by the nobility

ReviewWhich slogan expressed the ideals of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917?

1. Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity 2. Bread, Land, and Peace 3. Land and Liberty 4. Nationalism, Democracy, and the People’s Livelihood

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KqBoxpE0HwY

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