Capital Punishment From a National and Biblical Perspective

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Capital punishment from a national and biblical perspective

Observer

EARL CAMERONSaturday, October 20, 2012

ONCE again, the nation is making a clarion call for the reactivation of the death penalty. On September30, 2012, on the front page of one of our papers was the headline, "Hang them - Jamaicans call for deathpenalty...". Interestingly, even some formerly passive Christian leaders have now joined their voices in

calling for the reinstatement of the death penalty.

In church recently, I heard a little boy praying that the death penalty be implemented. It touched my heartand caused me to recognise how our nation's children are affected by this wave of violence. If thegovernment fails to reactivate the death penalty, vigilantism will increase and become commonplace.

The debate concerning the legitimacy of capital punishment is to a large extent influenced by theapparent tension between the Old and New Testaments. However, there is no disparity between theTestaments on this issue; it's a matter of interpretation. The Mosaic civil laws speak to the matter ofjustice and the application of the laws in godly and just societies. One principle in this law states that if aperson takes the life of another maliciously, his life should also be taken (Exodus 21:12).

Jesus later spoke about forgiveness and mercy, "You have heard that it was said, 'You shall love yourneighbour and hate your enemy', but I say unto you, love your enemies..." (Matthew 5:43-44). Jesus wasnot objecting to punishment for wrongdoing; He magnified the law (see also Matthew 5:21-22).

The etymology of three Hebrew words used in scripture, "Ratsach," "Muth," and "Nakah", can give moreclarity on the matter. These words are respectively translated "to murder", "to kill", "to strike". The KJVrenders Exodus 20:13 as "Thou shall not kill," Ratsach, while the NIV translates it, "You shall not murder."A more accurate rendering of "Ratsach" is taking another's life through malice, hatred or treachery."Muth" could be best interpreted as God putting His creatures to death. Deuteronomy 32:39 NIV, says,"There is no God beside Me. I put to death and bring to life." Also, "Nakah" speaks to the unintentionaldeath of a person struck by another. "And this is the case of manslayer... Whosoever kills his brotherunintentionally, not having hated him in time past." Deuteronomy 19:4, NKJV. Besides, the Bible term"manslayer" is similar to the legal term "manslaughter", used in our courts today.

From a biblical perspective, killing suggests that all murder is killing, but not all killing is murder. In Exodus20:13, the Bible emphatically condemns committing murder; that is, taking a person's life throughtreachery and malice. However, it does not condemn capital punishment as some would suggest.Embedded in the Mosaic Law are civil laws that speak to killing and murder. Exodus 21:12-14 NKJV,states, "He who strikes a man so that he dies shall surely be put to death. But if he did not lie in wait, Goddelivered him into his hand, then I will appoint for you a place where he may flee. But if a man acts withpremeditation against his neighbour, to kill him with guile, you shall take him from my altar, that he maydie."
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Contrary to the thinking of many, the Bible supports killing by the state, but only under certain conditions.The Bible suggests that one should be put to death in the case of premeditated murders, but not in thecase of accidental killings, in which case the guilty party can seek refuge - protection from angry mobs orfamily members who might seek revenge. Murderers who sought refuge in the city of refuge were sentback into the community to be judged by the law.

The Bible clearly sets out the punishment for murder. Some might argue that in no case should the statetake a life, but mercy and grace do not negate punishment and judgement. Jesus, who personifies mercyand grace, also spoke about judgement that will eventually destroy the wicked at the end of the age.While the Christian church in general does not promote the taking of human life, many Christians believethe state should be proactive in enforcing capital punishment that is at present on the books.

Jamaica's dilemma

Society has been overtaken by criminals who are unleashing a reign of terror and death upon this nation.Our prisons are jammed with criminals, some of whom are on death row. Are we allowing nothing tohappen because we allow organisations like the Privy Council, Amnesty International, and some otherhuman rights groups to tie our hands? We should not allow external or internal forces to dictate how wehandle criminals in this country. After all, some of those advocating against the death penalty cannot

identify with the level of crime that exists in this country because they have not lived here.

Prime Minister, I call upon you and all ministers of government to reactivate the death penalty formurderers without further delay.

Dr Earl PW Cameron is associate professor at the School of Religion and Theology, Northern CaribbeanUniversity, Mandeville, Manchester.

[email protected]

Read more:http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/Capital-punishment-from-a-national-and-biblical-perspective_12728162#ixzz2BNYRn9Kg

Capital punishment in Jamaica

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Capital Punishment inJamaicais legal. The Jamaican Parliament had placed a moratorium on it until 2009

when it was lifted. Currently, the only crime punishable by death is aggravated murder. The method of

execution ishanging. The last person executed in Jamaica wasNathon Fosterwho was convicted of murder.

As of 2009, capital punishment is legal and the executions in Jamaica will resume.

Capital punishment in Jamaica

http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/Capital-punishment-from-a-national-and-biblical-perspective_12728162#ixzz2BNYRn9Kghttp://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/Capital-punishment-from-a-national-and-biblical-perspective_12728162#ixzz2BNYRn9Kghttp://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/Capital-punishment-from-a-national-and-biblical-perspective_12728162#ixzz2BNYRn9Kghttp://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/Capital-punishment-from-a-national-and-biblical-perspective_12728162#ixzz2BNYRn9Kghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nathon_Foster&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nathon_Foster&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nathon_Foster&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nathon_Foster&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/Capital-punishment-from-a-national-and-biblical-perspective_12728162#ixzz2BNYRn9Kghttp://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/Capital-punishment-from-a-national-and-biblical-perspective_12728162#ixzz2BNYRn9Kg


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Capital Punishment inJamaicais legal. The Jamaican Parliament had placed a moratorium on it until 2009

when it was lifted. Currently, the only crime punishable by death is aggravated murder. The method of

execution ishanging. The last person executed in Jamaica wasNathon Fosterwho was convicted of murder.

As of 2009, capital punishment is legal and the executions in Jamaica will resume.

[edit]References

Capital punishment


"Death penalty" and "Death sentence" redirect here. For other uses, seeDeath penalty

(disambiguation)andDeath sentence (disambiguation). "Execution" and "Execute" redirect here. For other

uses, seeExecution (disambiguation)andExecute (disambiguation). For other uses, seeCapital punishment

(disambiguation).

Part of a series on

Capital punishment

Issues

Debate

Religion and capital punishment

Wrongful execution

Drug trafficking

Current use

Belarus

Botswana
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China (PRC)

Cuba

Egypt

Gibraltar

India

Indonesia

Iran

Iraq

Japan

Malaysia

Mongolia

North Korea
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Pakistan

Saudi Arabia

Singapore

South Korea

Taiwan (ROC)

Tonga

United States

Vietnam

Past use

Australia

Austria

Belgium
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Bhutan

Brazil

Bulgaria

Canada

Cyprus

Denmark

Ecuador

France

Germany

Hong Kong

Hungary

Ireland
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Israel

Italy

Liechtenstein

Mexico

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

Philippines

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia
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San Marino

South Africa

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

United Kingdom

Venezuela

Current methods

Decapitation

Electrocution

Gas chamber

Hanging
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Lethal injection

Shooting(firing squad)

Stoning

Nitrogen asphyxiation (proposed)

Past methods

Boiling

Breaking wheel

Burning

Crucifixion

Crushing

Disembowelment

Dismemberment

Drawing and quartering

Elephant
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Flaying

Impalement

Premature burial

Sawing

Slow slicing

Related topics

Crime

Death row

Last meal

Penology

V

T

E
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Capital punishment or the death penalty is a legal process whereby a person is put to death by thestateas a

punishment for a crime. The judicial decree that someone be punished in this manner is a death sentence,

while the actual process of killing the person is an execution. Crimes that can result in a death penalty are

known as capital crimes orcapital offences. The term capitaloriginates from theLatincapitalis, literally

"regarding the head" (referring to execution bybeheading).[1]

Capital punishment has in the past been practised by most societies (one notable exception beingKievan

Rus);[2]

currently 58 nations actively practise it, and 97 countries have abolished it (the remainder have not

used it for 10 years or allow it only in exceptional circumstances such as wartime).[3]

It is a matter of active

controversy in various countries and states, and positions can vary within a singlepolitical ideologyor cultural

region. In theEuropean Unionmember states, Article 2 of theCharter of Fundamental Rights of the European

Unionprohibits the use of capital punishment.[4]

CurrentlyAmnesty Internationalconsiders most countries abolitionist.[5]

TheUN General Assemblyhas

adopted, in 2007, 2008 and 2010, non-binding resolutions calling for aglobal moratorium on executions, with a

view to eventual abolition.[6]

Although many nations have abolished capital punishment, over 60% of the world's

population live in countries where executions take place, such as thePeople's Republic of China,India,

theUnited States of AmericaandIndonesia, the fourmost-populous countries in the world, which continue to

apply the death penalty (although in India, Indonesia and in many US states it is rarely employed). Each of

these four nations voted against the General Assembly resolutions

Abolitionism

The death penalty was banned in China between 747 and 759. In Japan,Emperor Sagaabolished the death

penalty in 818 under the influence of Shinto and it lasted until 1156. Therefore, capital punishment was notemployed for 338 years in ancient Japan.

[41]

In England, a public statement of opposition was included inThe Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards, written in

1395. Sir Thomas More'sUtopia, published in 1516, debated the benefits of the death penalty in dialogue form,

coming to no firm conclusion. More recent opposition to the death penalty stemmed from the book of the

ItalianCesare BeccariaDei Delitti e Delle Pene ("On Crimes and Punishments"), published in 1764. In this

book, Beccaria aimed to demonstrate not only the injustice, but even the futility from the point of view ofsocial

welfare, oftortureand the death penalty. Influenced by the book,Grand Duke Leopold IIof Habsburg,

famousenlightened monarchand future Emperor of Austria, abolished the death penalty in the then-

independentGrand Duchy of Tuscany, the first permanent abolition in modern times. On 30 November 1786,

after having de facto blocked capital executions (the last was in 1769), Leopold promulgated the reform ofthepenal codethat abolished the death penalty and ordered the destruction of all the instruments for capital

execution in his land. In 2000 Tuscany's regional authorities instituted an annual holiday on 30 November to

commemorate the event. The event is commemorated on this day by 300 cities around the world

celebratingCities for Life Day.
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rg/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_for_Life_Dayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_for_Life_Dayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_for_Life_Dayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_for_Life_Dayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_policyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_policyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Crimes_and_Punishmentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesare_Beccariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utopia_(book)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Twelve_Conclusions_of_the_Lollardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Sagahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UN_moratorium_on_the_death_penaltyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UN_General_Assemblyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amnesty_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_ideologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kievan_Rushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kievan_Rushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-KronenwetterP202-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beheadinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(polity)


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Peter Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, by Joseph Hickel, 1769

TheRoman Republicbanned capital punishment in 1849.Venezuelafollowed suit and abolished the death

penalty in 1854[42]

andSan Marinodid so in 1865. The last execution in San Marino had taken place in 1468. In

Portugal, after legislative proposals in 1852 and 1863, the death penalty was abolished in 1867.

Abolition occurred inCanada in 1976, inFrance in 1981, and inAustralia in 1973(although the state ofWestern

Australiaretained the penalty until 1984). In 1977, the United Nations General Assembly affirmed in a formal

resolution that throughout the world, it is desirable to "progressively restrict the number of offenses for which

the death penalty might be imposed, with a view to the desirability of abolishing this punishment".[43]

In the United Kingdom, it was abolished for murder (leaving onlytreason,piracy with violence,arson in royal

dockyardsand a number of wartime military offences as capital crimes) for a five-year experiment in 1965 and

permanently in 1969, the last execution having taken place in 1964. It was abolished for all peacetime offences

in 1998.[44]

In the United States, Michigan was the first state to ban the death penalty, on 18 May 1846.[45]

The death

penalty was declared unconstitutional between 1972 and 1976 based on theFurman v. Georgiacase, but the

1976Gregg v. Georgiacase once again permitted the death penalty under certain circumstances. Further

limitations were placed on the death penalty inAtkins v. Virginia(death penalty unconstitutional for persons

suffering from mental retardation) andRoper v. Simmons(death penalty unconstitutional if defendant was

under age 18 at the time the crime was committed). Currently, as of 25 April 2012, 17 states of the U.S. and

theDistrict of Columbiaban capital punishment, withConnecticutthe most recent state to ban the practice.[46]

A

2010 Gallup poll shows that 64% of Americans support the death penalty for someone convicted of murder,

down from 65% in 2006 and 68% in 2001.[47][48]

Of the states where the death penalty is

permitted,Californiahas the largest number of inmates ondeath row, whileTexashas been the most active in

carrying out executions (approximately one third of all executions since the practice was reinstated).

The latest country to abolish the death penalty for all crimes wasGabon, in February 2010.[49]

Human rights

activists oppose the death penalty, calling it "cruel, inhuman, and degrading punishment".Amnesty

Internationalconsiders it to be "the ultimate denial of Human Rights".[50]
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eph_Hickel_1769.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Leopold_II_as_Grand_Duke_of_Tuscany_by_Joseph_Hickel_1769.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Leopold_II_as_Grand_Duke_of_Tuscany_by_Joseph_Hickel_1769.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amnesty_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amnesty_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Texashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_rowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Connecticuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roper_v._Simmonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atkins_v._Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregg_v._Georgiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furman_v._Georgiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arson_in_royal_dockyardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arson_in_royal_dockyardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piracy_with_violencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treasonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Australia#Western_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Australia#Western_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Australia#Commonwealthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_France#Abolitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Canada#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use_of_capital_punishment_by_nationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Republic_(19th_century)


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Global distribution

Use of the death penalty around the world (as of February 2011).

Abolished for all offenses (96)

Abolished for all offenses except under special circumstances (9)

Retains, though not used for at least 10 years (34)

Retains death penalty (58)*

*While laws vary amongU.S. states, it is considered retentionist because the federal death penalty is still in active use.

See also:Use of capital punishment by country

SinceWorld War IIthere has been a trend toward abolishing the death penalty. In 1977, 16 countries were

abolitionist. According to information published by Amnesty International in 2012, 97 countries had abolished

capital punishment altogether, 8 had done so for all offences except under special circumstances, and 36 had

not used it for at least 10 years or were under a moratorium. The other 57 retained the death penalty in active

use.[51]

According to Amnesty International, only 21 countries were known to have had executions carried out in 2011.

In addition, there are countries which do not publish information on the use of capital punishment, most

significantly China, which is estimated to execute hundreds of people each year. At least 18,750 people

worldwide were under sentence of death at the beginning of 2012.[52]

The use of the death penalty is becoming increasingly restrained in someretentionistcountries

includingTaiwanandSingapore.[58]

Indonesia has carried out no executions since 2008, as of

2010.[59]

Singapore, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea and the United States are the onlydeveloped countriesthat

have retained the death penalty. The death penalty was overwhelmingly practised in poor and authoritarian
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use_of_capital_punishment_by_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use_of_capital_punishment_by_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use_of_capital_punishment_by_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retentionisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retentionisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retentionisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-58http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-58http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-58http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Death_Penalty_World_Map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Death_Penalty_World_Map.svg&page=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Death_Penalty_World_Map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Death_Penalty_World_Map.svg&page=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-58http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retentionisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use_of_capital_punishment_by_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._state


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states, which often employed the death penalty as a tool of political oppression. During the 1980s, the

democratisation of Latin America swelled the rank of abolitionist countries. This was soon followed by the fall

ofcommunisminCentralandEastern Europe, which then aspired to enter theEU. In these countries, the public

support for the death penalty varies.[60]

TheEuropean Unionand theCouncil of Europeboth strictly requiremember statesnot to practise the death

penalty (seeCapital punishment in Europe). On the other hand, rapid industrialisation in Asia has been

increasing the number of developed retentionist countries. In these countries, the death penalty enjoys strong

public support, and the matter receives little attention from the government or the media; inChinathere is a

small but growing movement to abolish the death penalty altogether.[61]

This trend has been followed by some

African and Middle Eastern countries where support for the death penalty is high.

The state ofIsraelretains the death penalty only for Nazis convicted of crimes against humanity.[62]

The only

execution in Israeli history occurred in 1961, whenAdolf Eichmann, one of the principal organizers of

theHolocaust, was put to death after his trial inJerusalem.

Some countries have resumed practicing the death penalty after having suspended executions for long periods.

The United States suspended executions in 1972 but resumed them in 1976, thenagainon 25 September2007 to 16 April 2008; there was no execution in India between 1995 and 2004; andSri Lankadeclared an end

to itsmoratoriumon the death penalty on 20 November 2004,[63]

although it has not yet performed any

executions. ThePhilippinesre-introduced the death penalty in 1993 after abolishing it in 1987, but abolished it

again in 2006.

In 2011, the USA was the only source of executions (43) in theG8countries or Western Hemisphere.[64]

The

latest country to move towards abolition isMongolia. In January 2012, itsParliamentadopted a bill providing for

the death penalty to be abolished.[65]

For further information about capital punishment in individual countries or regions,

see:AustraliaCanadaPeople's Republic of China(excluding Hong Kong and Macau)

EuropeIndiaIranIraqJapanNewZealandPakistanPhilippinesRussiaSingaporeTaiwanUnited KingdomUnited States
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-Giventhat-61http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-Giventhat-61http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-Giventhat-61http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Eichmannhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Eichmannhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Eichmannhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocausthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocausthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocausthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_injection#Constitutionality_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_injection#Constitutionality_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_injection#Constitutionality_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moratorium_(law)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moratorium_(law)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moratorium_(law)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Great_Khuralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Great_Khuralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Great_Khuralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iraqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iraqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iraqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iraqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Great_Khuralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moratorium_(law)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_injection#Constitutionality_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocausthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Eichmannhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-Giventhat-61http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment#cite_note-59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism

Capital Punishment From a National and Biblical Perspective

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