Capabilities of 4G SCADA systems in Industry 4.0-scenarios · •LTE air interface fulfils...
16
Capabilities of 4G SCADA systems in Industry 4.0-scenarios Michael Gundall, Jörg Schneider, Hans D. Schotten 23. ITG Fachtagung Mobilkommunikation 16. Mai 2018
Transcript of Capabilities of 4G SCADA systems in Industry 4.0-scenarios · •LTE air interface fulfils...
Capabilities of 4G SCADA systems in Industry 4.0-scenarios
Michael Gundall, Jörg Schneider, Hans D. Schotten
23. ITG Fachtagung Mobilkommunikation
16. Mai 2018
• Motivation
• Prevailing Communication in Industry
• Mobile Radio Communication in Industry 4.0
• Testbed
• Evaluation
• Conclusion and Outlook
2
Contents
5/15/2018
Migration
• Additive sensing
• Resource Offloading / Cloud offloading
• Integration of brownfield facilities
3
Motivation: Emerging Use Cases
5/15/2018
Remote Control
Local Control
Condition Monitoring
Mobile Robotics
[1] TACNET 4.0: http://www.tacnet40.com.et40.com[2] http://ntraft.com/greenfield-research-vs-greenfield-development/.
[3] Nokia Solutions and Networks Management International GmbH[4] Bosch Rexroth: https://www.pinterest.com/windpowerengg/wind-turbine-maintenance/.
Image Source:[2] Image Source:[3] Image Source:[4]
Image Source:[3]
Migration
• Additive sensing
• Resource Offloading / Cloud offloading
• Integration of brownfield facilities
4
Motivation: Emerging Use Cases
5/15/2018
Remote Control
Local Control
Condition Monitoring
Mobile Robotics
[1] TACNET 4.0: http://www.tacnet40.com.et40.com[2] http://ntraft.com/greenfield-research-vs-greenfield-development/.
[3] Nokia Solutions and Networks Management International GmbH[4] Bosch Rexroth: https://www.pinterest.com/windpowerengg/wind-turbine-maintenance/.
Image Source:[2] Image Source:[3] Image Source:[4]
Image Source:[3]
Automation pyramid
• Heterogeneity increases in lower levels
• Heterogeneity is based on different requirements of level and application
• Real-time classes [3] for classifying Industrial Ethernet protocols
Prevailing Communication in Industry
5/15/2018 5
Real-time class A: 𝑡cycle ≤ 100 ms
Real-time class B: 𝑡cycle ≤ 10 ms
Real-time class C: 𝑡cycle ≤ 1ms
𝑡cycle = 2 ∙ 𝑡E2E−Latency(𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛)
[3] M. Wollschlaeger, T. Sauter, and J. Jasperneite, “The Future of Industrial Communication: Automation Networks in the Era of the Internet of Things and Industry 4.0” , in IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, March 2017.
[4] C. Klettner, T. Tauchnitz, U. Epple, L. Nothdurft, C. Diedrich, T.Schr¨oder, D. Goßmann, S. Banerjee, M. Krauß, C. Latrou, and L. Urbas,, “Namur Open Architecture”, Mar. 2017.
Image Source: [4]
Automation pyramid: SCADA-Level
• Monitoring
• HMI
• Real-time class A or less
• Exchange of relevant I/O values
• Heterogeneity of possible protocols forces homogeneity of devices
• IP-based IE protocols
Prevailing Communication in Industry
5/15/2018 6
Real-time class A: 𝑡cycle ≤ 100 ms
Real-time class B: 𝑡cycle ≤ 10 ms
Real-time class C: 𝑡cycle ≤ 1ms
Image Source: [4]
[3] M. Wollschlaeger, T. Sauter, and J. Jasperneite, “The Future of Industrial Communication: Automation Networks in the Era of the Internet of Things and Industry 4.0” , in IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, March 2017.
[4] C. Klettner, T. Tauchnitz, U. Epple, L. Nothdurft, C. Diedrich, T.Schr¨oder, D. Goßmann, S. Banerjee, M. Krauß, C. Latrou, and L. Urbas,, “Namur Open Architecture”, Mar. 2017.
Services / Message exchange types
• Attribute Service Set Read Service
Write Service
…
• Monitored Item and Subscription Service Set Create Subscription Service
Publish Service
…
Mobile Radio Communication in Industry 4.0OPC Unified Architecture Protocol
5/15/2018 7[5] W. Mahnke, S.H. Leitner S.H., and M. Damm, “OPC Unfied Architecture”, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.
Image Source: [5]
• Necessity of mobile radio communication in Industry 4.0 scenarios by increasing wireless use cases
• 5G concepts: Network slicing guarantees specified QoS requirements
Private networks / virtual private networks
Mobile edge computing
• LTE air interface is integrated in 5G Check, if LTE air interface is able to fulfil requirements of SCADA applications
Mobile Radio Communication in Industry 4.05th Generation Wireless Communication System
5/15/2018 8
Testbed - Components
5/15/2018 9
• UE 1 (HMI): Siemens TP 700 Comfort
• UE 2 (HMI): Android Tablet
• UE 3 (PLC 1): Siemens S7-1512F
• UE 4 (PLC 2): Siemens S7-314C
• RAN: Intel NUC + USRP
• EPC: Intel NUC
• Factory-Cloud/MEC: Intel NUC
• LTE implementation: openairinterface [6]
• Virtualization: Docker [7]
[6] EURECOM: http://www.eurecom.fr.[7] Docker Inc: http://www.docker.com.
Benchmarking of relevant KPIs:
• E2E-latency All Devices have integrated echo servers
Usage of Ping Request to measure the E2E-Latency:
Accuracy/Resolution of 1ms: sufficient in this case
• Bit rate Measurement via open source software: iperf3 [8]
Evaluation
5/15/2018 10
Ethernet WLAN LTE
E2E-Latency [ms] <0.5 1.5 12.2
Bit rate [Mbit/s] 904.5 14.6 8.3
[8] ESnet/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: https://iperf.fr/
𝑡RTT = 2 ∙ 𝑡E2E−Latency
Identification of the cycle time:
• Use of OPC UA Read Service
𝑡start: Read Request Message
𝑡stop: Read Response Message
𝑡cycle = 𝑡st𝑜𝑝 − 𝑡start
• Measurement of 1000 iterations Ethernet
WLAN
LTE
Evaluation
5/15/2018 11A
pp
licat
ion
A
Co
mm
.In
terf
ace
Ap
plic
atio
n B
Co
mm
.In
terf
aceCommunication Service
Messages
Identification of the cycle time: results
Evaluation
5/15/2018 12
Ethernet WLAN LTE
Ethernet WLAN LTE
Min [ms] 22.0 22.9 36.0
Max [ms] 30.9 74.3 62.3
Avg [ms] 25.2 27.1 48.4
Identification of the cycle time: results
Evaluation
5/15/2018 13
Ethernet WLAN LTE
Min [ms] 22.0 22.9 36.0
Max [ms] 30.9 74.3 62.3
Avg [ms] 25.2 27.1 48.4
Ethernet WLAN LTE
E2E-Latency [ms] <0.5 1.5 12.2
Bit rate [Mbit/s] 904.5 14.6 8.3
Testbed characteristics and performance estimation
• Read Service Read Request Message
Read Response Message
• 12 I/O values per Read Message
• Update interval: 100 ms (real-time class A)
Evaluation
5/15/2018 14
Ethernet WLAN LTE
I/O values 142.212 2207 1255
Sensor 1
Sensor 2
Sensor N
.
.
.
Message
• OPC UA protocol enables platform independence ✔
• LTE air interface fulfils requirements of SCADA application deployed in a realistic testbed ✔ Cycle time
Bit rate
Determinism
• Necessity of 5G concepts for industry acceptance Private networks
Network slicing
Mobile edge computing
Conclusion and Outlook
5/15/2018 15
