CANMET Energy Technology Centre - Varennes Ressources naturelles Canada Natural Resources Canada...

CANMET Energy Technology Centre - Varennes

Ressources naturellesCanada

Natural ResourcesCanada C an ad a

Operating an Intelligent Building

Meli Stylianou

Intelligent and Integrated Buildings ConferenceToronto, Ontario, Dec. 2-3, 2002



Outline

Building operation and Kyoto

Intelligence ?

How can intelligence help in operating buildings?

Do we have everything we need to intelligently operate buildings?

Is building operation such a big deal?

Intelligent building operation

Conclusions



Building operation and Kyoto

Commercial sector 430,000 commercial and institutional buildings and

thousands more being built each year.

13% of secondary energy (1,015 PJ)

12.5% of GHG emissions (54 Mt eq. CO2)

Ineffective Operation 15%-30% energy waste

How can intelligent buildings improve operation?



Intelligence ?

“The ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations: REASON;” Webster’s dictionary



How can intelligence help in building operation?

Continuously optimize operations

Modulate set points to respond to changing requirements

Continuous commissioning

Detect and diagnose faults

Air handling units, chillers, boilers…

Schedule maintenance

Scheduled need it or not

Analyze cost/benefit then schedule



Do we have everything we need to intelligently operate buildings?

Today’s systems:

Have limited or no learning/reasoning capabilities

Depend on operators – who more often than not lack the expertise and/or time to ensure optimal operation

Are reactive – symptoms force action: complaints of indoor environment/ high energy costs/high maintenance costs

Technology is available

Buildings are already monitored as never before

Computational capabilities of today’s systems can do much more than they are asked to

Artificial intelligence techniques are no longer at the experimental stage and in fact are used in many industries



Is building operation such a big deal…?

Two identical buildings

EESB

ETB –Low-E windows; T-8 lighting system; energy efficient HVAC system; LED exit lights

Complaints skyrocketed

ETB – 32% more energy consumed

Correction of problems: manual setting; simultaneous heating and cooling

Result:comfort related complaints dropped; energy consumption reduced



But how can this be true…?

18°C

14°C

24°C

11°C

13°C

15°C

15°C

13°C

Space maintained at

23°C

(Modified from:Diagnostics and Commissioning, Karl Stum, PECI)



Can intelligence be used in today’s control systems?

Diagnostic Agent for Building Operators (DABO)D

iag

no

stic A

ge

nt fo

r B

uild

ing

Op

era

tors

Database

BEMS

DDE/ODBC/OCX

DD

E/O

DB

C/O

CX

Building EnergyAgent

Fault Detection &Diagnostic Agent

CommissioningAgent

Existing Control System

Artificial Intelligence Tools

Condition-BasedMaintenance

Agent



Fault detection and diagnosis applications

CETC-Varennes, Qc

Delta Controls, Surrey, BCCFF, Laval, Qc

Dorval Airport, Montreal, Qc



VAV Box Report Screen



…but does it work? Percentage of faults detect by month

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

May 2001 June 2001 February 2002 March 2002 April 2002 May 2002 June 2002 July 2002 August 2002 September2002

Month

%

Works properly Fault 1 (Air flow set point is unstable)

Fault 2 (Air flow set point is not attemp) Fault 3 (Air flow controler is unstable)

Fault 4 (Temperature set point is not attemp)



Intelligent building operation

Sensing

Wireless sensing can reduce the life cycle cost of monitoring building systems

Interoperability

Facilitate the development of tools linking the operation and maintenance requirements of building systems

Computational capabilities

Enable the optimisation and timely detection of faulty operation and limit impact on energy costs and occupant well being

Artificial intelligence techniques

Leverage the hardware capabilities of building control systems and provide the information necessary to optimise the operation of the building



Conclusions

Barrier: Building owner and operator awareness

The market pull is not there …yet

Data is available

Hardware is available

Intelligence is vital in operating buildings

Reduce operating costs

Improve indoor environmental conditions – proactively not reactively

Improve occupant satisfaction and productivity

Elimination of occupant complaints… not a dream…

CANMET Energy Technology Centre - Varennes Ressources naturelles Canada Natural Resources Canada...

Documents

Transcript of CANMET Energy Technology Centre - Varennes Ressources naturelles Canada Natural Resources Canada...