Cancer II. Six ways of losing the remaining good copy of a tumor suppressor gene.
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Transcript of Cancer II. Six ways of losing the remaining good copy of a tumor suppressor gene.
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Cancer II
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Six ways of losing the remaining good copy of a tumor suppressor gene
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When proto-oncogene becomes overactive it becomes an oncogene
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Myc Gene Amplification
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Mitogens stimulate G1-Cdk and G1/S-Cdk activities
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Ocogene collaboration in transgenic mice
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Viruses May cause Cancer
Papillomavirus causes warts and subverts the control of cell division
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Pap smears
normal abnormal invasive
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How papillomaviruses are thought to give rise to cancer of the uterine cervix
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Activation of cell proliferation by DNA tumor virus
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Sequence of genetic changes underlying the development of a colorectal carcinoma
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Each tumor will contain a different set of mutations
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Effect of ionizing radiation on normal and cancer cells
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Chapter 19
Cell Junctions, Cell Adhesion, and the Extracellular Matrix
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Cross sectional view of intestinal wall
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Tracer molecules can not cross tight junctions
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Structure of tight junction
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Electron Micrograph of tight junctions
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Model of tight junction
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Claudins are main component of sealing strands
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Anchoring junctions in an epithelium
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Anchoring junctions are formed by proteins
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Cadherins connect actin filaments of different cells
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DVD Clip 82
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Desmosomes and hemidesmosomes both link to intermediate filaments
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Cadherins also bind intermediate filaments together
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Integrins link extracellular matrix to cytoskeleton
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Size of gap junction channel can be determined with fluorescent molecules of different sizes
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A Gap junction connexon is made up of 6 transmembrane connexin subunits
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Images of gap junctions
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The permeability of gap junctions can be regulated
dopamine treatment reduces permeability of gap junctions to a fluorescent dye
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Summary of cell junctions found in the cell
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Summary of cell junctions found in the cell
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In plant cells plasmodesmata perform many of the same functions as gap junctions
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View of plasmodesmata
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Structure of Cadherin – responsible for cell to cell adhesion in vertebrate cells
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Ca2+ is required to establish cell to cell connection through cadherin
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Three mechanisms that mediate cell-cell adhesion
least commoncadherins
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Cadherins allow cells to sort themselves
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Catenins join cadherins to actin filaments in adherence junctions
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Summary of junctional and non-junctional adhesive mechanisms