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June 19,2014 e-Docs #
Canadian Radiography
Industry Performance – A
Regulatory Perspective
NDT in Canada Conference June 16-18,
2014
Henry Rabski, Director
Directorate of Nuclear Substance Regulation
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CNSC Mission
The Canadian Nuclear Safety
Commission (CNSC):
“protects the health, safety and
security of persons and the
environment, and implements
Canada's international commitments
on the peaceful use of nuclear
energy”
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Regulatory Framework
Nuclear Safety And
Control Act
Regulations
Commitments made by
Licensee and Operators
LicenceConditions
Licensees responsible for: the protection of health, safety, security, and the environment, and respecting Canada’s international commitments
Exposure Device Operators: work safely and meet regulatory expectations.
CNSC responsible for: regulating licensees, assessing whether licensees are
compliant with the NSCA, regulations, and international obligations
Regulatory philosophy
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Nuclear Regulations
1. General Nuclear Safety & Control
(GN)
2. Nuclear Substances & Radiation
Devices (NSRD)
3. Radiation Protection (RP)
4. Packaging & Transport of Nuclear
Substances (PTNS)
5. Nuclear Security Regulation (NSR)
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
CNSC Compliance Program
Verificationassess actual level
of compliance:Annual Compliance Report
Type I & Type II inspections
Enforcementgraduated approach
Promotionencourages voluntary compliance
with regulatory requirements
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Verification: Inspections
Type II Inspections – Snapshot of
Compliance at the location
Type I Inspections
Onsite audit of licensee’s programs,
processes and practices
Planned vs Unannounced
Performance versus Records
Use Worksheet Approach
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Verification: Type II Inspections
Based on safety and control area (SCA):
Radiation protection
Training and qualification
Operational procedures
Packaging
and transport
Security
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
DNSR Regional Offices
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
OID Inspectors 2013 - 14
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Inspection Worksheets Are Risk-Based
Each regulatory requirement is ranked by
the impact of its non-compliance.
High Risk Immediate health, safety, or
security issue
Medium Risk Potential health, safety or
security issue
Low Risk No health, safety or security
issues
(generally administrative issues)
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire 11
Risk Ranking Use Types
High Risk Medium Risk Low Risk
• Industrial
Radiography
• Logging
• Subsurface zone (frac
tracer)
•Portable gauges
•Consolidated
•Laboratory studies
•Fixed gauges (increased inspection
frequency)
•Distribution
•Self Shielded irradiators (security)
•Diagnostic/ therapeutic
nuclear medicine
•Veterinary nuclear
medicine
• Servicing
• Processing
•XRF Analyzers
•Electron capture
detectors
•Static Eliminators
• Low risk sealed
sources
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Grading System
Purpose of grading:
• To communicate performance in a
consistent transparent manner
• To allow trend analysis of individual
licence performance
• To monitor performance of �Licence use-types
�CNSC’s regulatory program
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Grading System-Example only
A- Licensee exceeds compliance requirements = Fully Satisfactory
Ex: Regulations require one functional survey meter; licensee has a functional meter in each lab.
B- Licensee meets compliance requirements = Satisfactory
Ex: Regulations require one functional survey meter; licensee has one functional survey meter.
C- Licensee below compliance requirements = Below Expectations
Ex: Regulations require one functional survey meter; licensee has one un-calibrated survey meter.
D- Licensee significantly below compliance requirements = Unacceptable
Ex: Regulations require one functional survey meter; licensee does not have a survey meter.
E- Breakdown or loss of control = Unacceptable
Ex: Breakdown of RP program and Immediate risk to health & safety
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Operator Obligations
• Use a radiation survey meter while performing
radiography
• Wear a dosimeter and
record dose received
• Have required equipment
on hand so as to operate
an exposure device safely
14
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Operator Obligations
• Take necessary steps to
transfer and store an
exposure device safely
• Follow operational
procedures that insure
the safe operation of an
exposure device
15
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Compliance Inspections Performed
2008-2013
16
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
1484 1476
1629 1657
15431587
195 181244 233
282233
Total OID/Year
OID Radiography
Type II Inspections Performed Annually
Insp
ecti
ons
Perf
orm
ed
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire 17
Compliance Performance 2013
Safety and Control Areas
UsetypesRadiation
Protection
Emergencies /
Unplanned
Events
TrainingOperational
Procedures
Organization
and
Management
SecurityPackaging and
Transport
Year 2012 → 2013 2012 → 2013 2012 → 2013 2012 → 2013 2012 → 2013 2012 → 2013 2012 → 2013
811 Portable Gauges 89 ↔ 90 82 ↔ 83 95 ↔ 96 90 ↔ 87 97 ↔ 96 97 ↔ 97 60 ↔ 60
812 Industrial Radiography 83 ↑ 89 92 ↔ 93 93 ↔ 96 89 ↔ 91 95 ↔ 94 84 ↔ 83 82 ↔ 84
814 Fixed Gauges 83 ↓ 76 87 ↓ 80 94 ↓ 87 85 ↔ 81 86 ↔ 88 96 ↔ 99 88 ↓ 75
816 Sealed Source Logging 83 ↑ 96 97 ↔ 96 97 ↔ 98 83 ↑ 91 97 ↔ 100 78 ↑ 89 69 ↑ 76
822 Basic Servicing 88 ↑ 93 91 ↑ 100 98 ↔ 98 71 ↑ 93 90 ↑ 96 95 ↑ 100 91 ↔ 89
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire 18
Industrial Radiography Non-Compliances
• Radiation Protection
– Obligations of CEDOs are not complied with (ex. – Posting of signs/barriers, functioning emergency equipment, doses limited to non-NEWs)
– Inadequate RP program/management oversight
• Packaging and Transport
– Transport document contains incorrect information, or not signed/dated for each date of transport
– Four Class 7 placards not displayed on vehicle
• Security
– Security Plans not up-to-date or followed
– Non-functional darkroom truck alarm
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Enforcement Actions Taken
• Inspector Orders issued to
Companies (Five in 2013)
• Decertification of Operator
(Two in 2013)
• Administrative Monetary
Penalties Issued (Companies Two);
(One to a CEDO)
19
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
20
Decertification
• Seven recommendations for decertification were
presented for consideration. Serious violations such
as: failure to use a survey meter, failure to
supervise a trainee, post signs/barriers, wear
dosimetry or overexposure to a member of the
public.
• In two cases the radiographers were decertified. In
the other cases alternate action by the licensee and
the radiographer was accepted.
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire 21
Industrial Radiography – 37 Events in 2013
• Barrier breach that was near miss with low dose 14
• Source retrieval 7
• Barrier breach with significant dose to public 1
• Improper device operation due to dirt/ice 4
• Dropped device 3
• Dropped dosimeter badge 3
• Improper procedure 1
• Lost device 1
• Transport (MVA) 3
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire 22
Industrial Radiography – Events
Source Retrievals
• Didn’t fully retract source 1
• Improper connection of guide tube 2
• Tripod/stand fell on guide tube 2
• Failure to connect source assembly 1
• Possible mechanical failure 1
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Moving Forward
• CNSC/Industry Working Group
- open communication
• annual meetings with industry
• promote safety culture
• update certification requirements
• focused regulatory oversight
23
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Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire 24
Visit our Web site www.nuclearsafety.gc.ca
The CNSC Will Not Compromise Safety !