Canadian Immigration

Grade 9 geographyGrade 9 geography

Lester B PearsonLester B Pearson

Historical Waves of Immigration to Canada

First & Second Waves

First Wave of ImmigrantsFirst Wave of Immigrants (1600’s- (1600’s-1700’s):1700’s):~65000 people~65000 people

- French colonists came to New France French colonists came to New France for fur trade or settle on landfor fur trade or settle on land

Second Wave of ImmigrantsSecond Wave of Immigrants (1760’s- (1760’s-1800): ~40 0001800): ~40 000

- Canada becomes BritishCanada becomes British- 1783 American Revolution… Loyalists 1783 American Revolution… Loyalists

flee to Canada flee to Canada

1st refugees to Canada: Empire Loyalists from the rebel American states

Historical Waves of Immigration to Canada

Third & Fourth Waves Third Wave of ImmigrantsThird Wave of Immigrants (1815’s- (1815’s-

1850’s): ~800 000 people1850’s): ~800 000 people- Irish & Scots fleeing poverty & famineIrish & Scots fleeing poverty & famine- Lure of cheep land drew many from BritainLure of cheep land drew many from Britain

Fourth Wave of ImmigrantsFourth Wave of Immigrants (1840’s-1891): (1840’s-1891): -Black Americans fleeing slaveryBlack Americans fleeing slavery-Dominion Lands Act (1872) granted free land to settlers +21 yearsDominion Lands Act (1872) granted free land to settlers +21 years-People fleeing persecution & war (ex. Mennonites)People fleeing persecution & war (ex. Mennonites)-Gold rushes in BC/Yukon and building of railway attracts American, Gold rushes in BC/Yukon and building of railway attracts American, European and Chinese workersEuropean and Chinese workers

Historical Waves of Immigration to Canada

Fifth & Sixth Waves Fifth Wave of ImmigrantsFifth Wave of Immigrants (1900-1915’s): (1900-1915’s): over 750,000over 750,000- Many arrived from Central, Northern & Eastern EuropeMany arrived from Central, Northern & Eastern Europe- Some fled conflicts, while cheep agricultural land attracted othersSome fled conflicts, while cheep agricultural land attracted others- Large numbers settled in Western CanadaLarge numbers settled in Western Canada- Restrictive laws start, preventing many non-white immigrants to enter Restrictive laws start, preventing many non-white immigrants to enter

into Canada (ex. Chinese Head Tax) into Canada (ex. Chinese Head Tax)

Sixth Wave of ImmigrantsSixth Wave of Immigrants (1915’s-1930s): (1915’s-1930s):

--Western European immigrants leaving the economic Western European immigrants leaving the economic hardships resulting from WWIhardships resulting from WWI

- European Jews try to escape the Nazi persecution - European Jews try to escape the Nazi persecution

Historical Waves of Immigration to Canada

Seventh & Eighth Waves Seventh Wave of ImmigrantsSeventh Wave of Immigrants (late 1940s-1960’s): (late 1940s-1960’s):- Many Europeans leaving war torn Europe (ex. Italians, - Many Europeans leaving war torn Europe (ex. Italians,

Dutch, Greeks), Eastern Europeans flee communism (ex. Dutch, Greeks), Eastern Europeans flee communism (ex. Hungarians, Czecs)Hungarians, Czecs)

Eighth Wave of ImmigrantsEighth Wave of Immigrants (1967-1980s): (1967-1980s):

--Points system was incorporated into the Immigration Regulations. Racial discrimination was removed.

-Refugees arrive from conflicts or persecution in Vietnam, Chile, East Africa, Sri Lanka, Lebanon, Laos, Cambodia, Central America, and Eastern Europe

-Vietnam War Draft Dodgers escape from USA

1986- The people of Canada were awarded the Nansen medal by the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, in "recognition of their major and sustained contribution to the cause of refugees".

Top 10 source countries for immigrants coming to Canada Historically (up until 1981):

1.United Kingdom 2.Italy 3.U.S. 4.Germany 5.Portugal 6.Netherlands 7.India 8.Poland 9.China 10.Countries of the former Yugoslavia

Where Canadian Immigrants come from 1921-2006

Change in number of immigrants arriving to Canada before & after 1991

The Top 10 countries of origin for immigrants to Canada between 2001 and 2006

1.China - 155,105 2.India - 129,140 3.Philippines - 77,880 4.Pakistan - 57,630 5.United States - 38,770 6.South Korea - 35,450 7.Romania - 28,080 8.Iran - 27,600 9.United Kingdom - 25,655 10.Colombia - 25,310

•Between 2001 and 2006, Canada admitted 1.1 million immigrants. •For the first time in 75 years, one in five Canadian residents were born outside the country. •Canada's per-capita immigration rate is roughly double that of the United States.

Immigration Patterns In Canada

http://www.cbc.ca/news/interactives/cp-census-immigration/index.html

Class work/Homework

Homework: Ask your parents when your Homework: Ask your parents when your different family members first immigrated different family members first immigrated to Canada. Find out who they were, where to Canada. Find out who they were, where they came from, and approximately when they came from, and approximately when they came to Canada. (will need for Thurs)they came to Canada. (will need for Thurs)

Class work: question 3 a-d pg 222 in text Class work: question 3 a-d pg 222 in text