Camino and DTI-TK: Advanced Diffusion MRI Pipeline for Traumatic Brain Injury

Camino and DTI-TK: Advanced Diffusion MRI Pipeline for Traumatic Brain InjuryGary Hui Zhang, PhD

Microstructure Imaging GroupCentre for Medical Image ComputingDepartment of Computer ScienceUniversity College London

26th of June, 2013

UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing

Microstructure imaging with diffusion MRIEstimatePredictSignalDiffusion MRI quantifywater mobility in tissue

Diffusion MRITissueCell size, shape, densityMembrane permeabilityOrientation distributionAxer, J. Neuro. Meth. 1999

HistologyTissue ModelingModel parameters arethe tissue microstructurefeature themselves!Virtual Histology

InferencePipeline for advanced diffusion MRI analysis

Imaging

Normalization

Localization

Inference

NormalizationPipeline for advanced diffusion MRI analysis

Imaging

LocalizationCamino: a platform for advanced diffusion MRI analysisImplements a rich hierarchy of analytic models for diffusion MRIProvides a robust framework for fitting diffusion MRI data to the modelsDelivers a sophisticated simulator for validating diffusion MRI modelsMonte Carlo Diffusion Simulator (Hall and Alexander, IEEE TMI 2009)

Available SubstratesGamma-Distributed RadiiCrossing CylindersMesh-based substrates

Permeable Cylinders

Diffusion SubstrateDisplacement PDFDiffusion MR SignalSimulation Pipeline

Rich hierarchy of analytic models of diffusion MRI (Panagiotaki et al, NeuroImage 2012)

StickCylinderGDRCylindersBallAstrosticksAstrocylindersSphereDotZeppelinTensorCompartment Models

ZeppelinStickAstrosticksMulti-Compartment ModelsMapping axon diameter and density in the living human brain with ActiveAx (Alexander et al, NeuroImage 2010)Fixed tissue: Vervet monkey 4.7T; 140mT/mIn vivo: human volunteer 3T; 60mT/m

Mapping neurite orientation dispersion and density with NODDI (Zhang et al, NeuroImage 2012)

OrientationDispersion

01NeuriteDensity

01CSF

01

01FractionalAnisotropyDominantOrientationDTINODDIThe acquisition protocol is simple to implement and clinically feasible.Neurite density: a potential imaging marker for brain recovery (Wang et al, PLoS One 2013)NODDI enables the extension of this animal model study to living human subjects.

Inference

NormalizationPipeline for advanced diffusion MRI analysis

Imaging

LocalizationDiffusion MRI supports superior anatomical alignment of white matter structures

DTI?T1Arcuate FasciculusOptic RadiationCorpus CallosumDTI-TK provides the state-of-the-art for aligning diffusion MRI dataRanked the best performing tool of its kind (Wang et al, NeuroImage 2011)Supports unbiased longitudinal analysis of diffusion MRI data (Keihaninejad et al, NeuroImage 2013)The importance of tensor-based alignment for longitudinal processing (Keihaninejad et al, NeuroImage 2013)Tensor-based alignment improves specificity

The importance of tensor-based alignment for longitudinal processing (Keihaninejad et al, NeuroImage 2013)Tensor-based alignment improves sensitivity

NormalizationPipeline for advanced diffusion MRI analysis

Imaging

Localization

Inference

Typical Voxelwise Analysis

Tract-Specific AnalysisTract-specific analysis with DTI-TK (Yushkevich et al, NeuroImage 2008; Zhang et al, Medical Image Analysis 2010)Evaluate specific a priori hypotheses (e.g., ALS impairs only motor tracts)Reduce confounding effect of neighboring structuresPresent findings in the context natural to the structureSummaryCamino provides a rigorous platform fordeveloping and validating advanced diffusion MRI methodsapplying these methods to routine clinical research and practiceDTI-TK supports population-based analysis of diffusion MRI data byimplementing the state-of-the-art spatial normalization tooldelivering a statistical inference tool tailored specifically for white matterTogether, they deliver an end-to-end pipeline for advanced diffusion MRI analysisAcknowledgementColleagues atCMIC and MIG (UCL)Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (U Penn)Camino funding supportEU CONNECT consortium (www.brain-connect.eu)MS Society of Great Britain and Northern IrelandUCLH Biomedical Research Centre funded by NIHRDTI-TK funding supportNIH-NIBIB R03-EB009321NIH-NINDS R01-NS065347