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Cambridge University Press978-1-107-60820-7 - The Letters of John Keats: 1814–1821: Volume OneEdited by Hyder Edward RollinsFrontmatterMore information

http://www.cambridge.org/9781107608207

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THE LETTERS OF

John Keats

VOLUME ONE

THE LETTERS OF

John Keats

VOLUME ONE






HAYDON'S LIFE-MASK OF KEATS






THE LETTERS OF

John Keats

EDITED BY

Hyder Edward Rollins

VOLUME ONE

CAMBRIDGE

AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS

I 958






© 1958 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

Published in the United States by Harvard University Press

Published in Great Britain by The Syndics of the Cambridge University Press

Bentley House, 200 Euston Road, London, N.W. 1

The publication of these volumes has been aided by a grant from the Carl and Lily Pforzheimer Foundation, Inc.

Designed by Burton J Jones, Jr.

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Text set in Monotype Baskerville and printed by The Plimpton Press, Norwood, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

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Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York

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© 1958 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

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First published 1958 First paperback edition 2011

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PREFACE So much information has turned up in recent years about the

dating and arrangement of Keats's letters as to make a new edition almost imperative. Several letters and papers, too, not included in the English editions of his correspondence are available, as are a number of new texts.

For permission to print the letters I am indebted to Messrs. Adam and Charles Black, Mr. Richard B. Holman, Houghton, Mifflin, and Company, the Oxford University Press, Charles Scribner's Sons, and the officials of the Berg Collection of the New York Public Library, the British Museum, the Dedham (Massachusetts) Historical Society, the Houghton Library of Harvard University, the Haverford College Library, the Indiana University Library, the Keats Museum of the Hampstead Public Library, the Keats-Shelley House at Rome, the Maine Historical Society, the Massachusetts Historical Society, the Pierpont Morgan Library, the National Library of Scotland, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, the Princeton U niversity Library, the University of Texas Library, the Victoria and Albert Museum, the University of Virginia Library, the Wisbech Museum of Cambridgeshire, and the Yale University Library. The following individuals have also kindly permitted me to print letters owned by them: Mr. Seymour Adelman, Mr. Archibald S. Alexander, Mr. Roger Barrett, Miss Joanna Hutchinson, Mr. Carl H. Pforzheimer, Jr., Dr. Dallas Pratt, Mr. Robert H. Taylor.

Many phrases and references in Keats's letters elude satisfactory explanation, but my notes and illustrations contain much new material. In the proper places below, my indebtedness for some of it is explicitly recorded, but here I must express my deepest gratitude for aid of one kind or another to a number of myoId students, particularly to Professor Herschel Baker, Professor W. J. Bate, Dr. William H. Bond, Dr. Marie Louise Edel, Professor David B. Green, Professor Leonidas M. Jones, Professor Cecil Y. Lang, Professor Willard B. Pope, Professor Edgar F. Shannon, Jr., Miss Mabel A. E. Steele, Professor Jack C. Stillinger, and Professor Carl R. Woodring. Three of these deserve more special mention. Miss Steele, the gracious custodian of the Harvard Keats Collection, has been of con-

v






PREFACE

stant assistance throughout my work. Mr. Stillinger not only contributed a large number of annotations but gave invaluable aid in the proofreading. Mr. Pope, who knows more about Keats and his circle than anyone else, read the manuscript with meticulous care, explained certain passages that had evaded me, and saved me from many mistakes. After all this expert help from a group of men and women who gladly learned, and who have gladly (and successfully) taught their old instructor, I am embarrassed to realize that whatever errors or mistakes of judgment may be found in my edition are entirely my own.

With a bow to the past as well as the present, I may remark that no worth-while edition of Keats's letters (or of his poems) could be made had it not been for the collecting zeal of Fred Holland Day, Harry Buxton Forman, Maurice Buxton Forman, Louis A. Holman, Mr. Arthur A. Houghton, Jr., Mr. William A. Jackson, and Amy Lowell.

January I, 1958 H. E. R.

VI






CONTENTS

VOLUME ONE

INTRODUCTION

KEATS'S LETTERS AND THEIR EDITORS

THE PLAN OF THIS EDITION

ABBREVIATED NAMES AND TITLES

EVENTS IN THE LIFE OF KEATS

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF KEATS'S CORRESPOND

ENTS

Richard Abbey 62 Benjamin Bailey 63 Fanny Brawne 66 Charles Brown 69 Charles Cowden Clarke 7 I The Dilkes 73 William Haslam 74 Benjamin Robert Haydon 76 Leigh Hunt 77 The Jeffreys of Teignmouth 78 Fanny Keats 8I George Keats B2 Tom Keats 83 John Hamilton Reynolds 84 John Hamilton Reynolds' Family 86 James Rice, Jr. 87 Joseph Severn 89 John Taylor and James Augustus Hessey 9I Richard Woodhouse, Jr. 92 Georgiana Augusta Wylie 93

Vll

3

29






LETTERS AND PAPERS 1814-1818

NO. DATE WRITER RECIPIENT PAGE

I 8 I 4

December (?) George Keats Fanny Keats gg

18 I 5

2 November John Keats G. F. Mathew 100

181 6

3 June 13 The Keats Brothers Richard Abbey 103

4 August George Keats John and Tom Keats 104

5 August John Keats George Keats 105

6 September John Keats C. C. Clarke log

7 October 9 John Keats C. C. Clarke 113

8 October 31 John Keats C. C. Clarke 114

9 November I John Keats Joseph Severn 115

10 November 8 or I I John Keats C. C. Clarke 116

II November 20 John Keats B. R. Haydon I 17

12 November 21 John Keats B. R. Haydon 118

13 November 22 J. H. Reynolds B. R. Haydon IIg

14 December 17 John Keats C. C. Clarke 121

181 7

15 March 3 B. R. Haydon John Keats 122

16 March 9 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 123

17 March B. R. Haydon John Keats 124


Ig March 25 John Keats C. C. Clarke 126

Vlll






CONTENTS


20 April 12 or 13 John Keats Taylor and Hessey 127 21 April 15 John Keats George and Tom

Keats 128

22 April 17, 18 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 130

23 May 8 (?) B. R. Haydon John Keats 134

24 May 8 B. R. Haydon John Keats 136

25 May 10 John Keats Leigh Hunt 136

26 May 10, I I John Keats B. R. Haydon 140

27 May 16 John Keats Taylor and Hessey 145

28 June 10 John Keats Taylor and Hessey 147

29 August John Keats B. R. Haydon 148

30 September 4 John Keats Jane and Mariane Reynolds 149

31 September John Keats J. H. Reynolds 15 1

32 September 10 John Keats Fanny Keats 153

33 September John Keats Jane Reynolds 156

34 September I4 John Keats Jane and Mariane Reynolds 157

35 September 17 B. R. Haydon John Keats 161

36 September 2 I John Keats J. H. Reynolds 162

37 September 28 John Keats B. R. Haydon 167

38 October 8 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 168

39 October 28-30 John Keats Benjamin Bailey I71

40 October 31 John Keats Jane Reynolds 176

41 November 3 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 178

42 November 5 or 12 (?) John Keats The Dilkes 183

43 November 22 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 183

44 November 22 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 187

45 December 21, John Keats George and Tom 27 (?) Keats 191

IX






CONTENTS


181 7

46 December 31 John Keats B. R. Haydon 194

1818

47 January (?) John Keats Callers on John Taylor 195

48 January 5 John Keats George and Tom Keats 195

49 January 10 John Keats John Taylor 201

50 January 10 John Keats B. R. Haydon 202

51 January II B. R. Haydon John Keats 203

52 January 13, 19 John Keats George and Tom Keats 204

53 January 23 John Keats B. R. Haydon 207


55 January 23 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 209

56 January 23, 24 John Keats George and Tom Keats 213


58 January 31 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 21 9

59 February 3 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 223

60 February 5 John Keats John Taylor 226

61 February 14 (?) John Keats George and Tom Keats 226


63 February 19 John Keats Horace Smith 234

64 February 21 John Keats George and Tom Keats 235

65 February 27 John Keats John Taylor 238


67 March 13 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 240

68 March 14 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 244 x






CONTENTS


69 March 18 George Keats John Keats 247

70 March 21 John Keats B. R. Haydon 248

71 March 21 John Keats Taylor and Hessey 253

72 March 24 John Keats James Rice 254



75 April 8 John Keats B. R. Haydon 264

76 April 9 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 266


78 April 24 John Keats John Taylor 270


80 May 3 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 275

81 May 4 or 5 John Keats Mrs. Margaret Jeffrey 283

82 May 17, 18 Tom Keats Marian Jeffrey 284

83 May 21,25 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 286

84 June 4 John Keats Marian and Sarah Jeffrey 289

85 June 6 John Keats Joseph Severn 291

86 June 10 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 292

87 AboutJune 18 George Keats John Taylor 294

88 June 21 John Keats John Taylor 295

89 June 21 John Keats Thomas Monkhouse 297

90 June 22 Tom Keats John Taylor 297

91 June 25-27 John Keats Tom Keats 298

92 June 27,28 John Keats George and Georgiana Keats 302

93 June 29, July 1,2 John Keats Tom Keats 305

94 July 2,3,5 John Keats Fanny Keats 310

95 July 3, 5, 7, 9 John Keats Tom Keats 317

96 July II, 13 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 322 Xl






CONTENTS


I 8 I 8

97 July 10, II, 13, 14 John Keats Tom Keats 327

98 July 17,18,20,21 John Keats Tom Keats 333

99 July 18, 22 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 340

100 July 23,26 John Keats Tom Keats 346

101 August 3,6 John Keats Tom Keats 352

102 August 6 John Keats Mrs. James Wylie 358

103 August 7 Charles Brown C. W. Dilke, Sr. 361

104 August 19 John Keats Fanny Keats 364


106 September I John Keats Jane Reynolds 366

107 September 20, 2 I John Keats C. W. Dilke 367

108 September 22 (?) John Keats J. H. Reynolds 370

109 September 25 B. R. Haydon John Keats 372

110 October 8 John Keats J. A. Hessey 373

II I October 9 John Keats Fanny Keats 375

112 October 9 John Keats Thomas Richards 375

113 October 14 J. H. Reynolds John Keats 376

114 October 16 John Keats Fanny Keats 377

115 October 21 Richard Woodhouse John Keats 378

116 October 23 Richard Woodhouse Mary Frogley 383

II7 October 26 John Keats Fanny Keats 385

118 October 27 John Keats Richard Woodhouse 386

119 About October 27 Richard Woodhouse John Taylor 388

120 October 14, 16, John Keats George and 21, 24, 31 Georgiana Keats 391

121 November 5 John Keats Fanny Keats 406

122 November 24 John Keats James Rice 406

123 November John Keats Mrs. Burridge Davenport 408

Xll






CONTENTS



125 December I Charles Brown Richard Woodhouse 409

126 December 10 Richard Woodhouse John Keats 409

127 December 15 (?) John Keats Mrs. George Reynolds 411

128 December 18 John Keats Richard Woodhouse 412

129 December 18 John Keats Fanny Keats 413



132 December 23 (?) B. R. Haydon John Keats 415

133 December 24 John Keats John Taylor 417


CHARLES BROWN'S WALKS IN THE NORTH (1840) 419

VOLUME TWO

LETTERS AND PAPERS 1819-1821


181 9

135 January I (?) John Keats Mrs. James Wylie 3

136 January I (?) B. R. Haydon John Keats 3

137 December 16-18, 22,29 (?), 31, John Keats George and January 2-4 Georgiana Keats 4

138 January 4 (?) John Keats B. R. Haydon 30

139 January 7 B. R. Haydon John Keats 31

140 January 10 (?) John Keats B. R. Haydon 31

141 January 14 B. R. Haydon John Keats 32 xiii






CONTENTS


18 I 9 142 January 16 (?) John Keats Fanny Keats 33 143 January 24 John Keats (with C. W. and Mrs.

Charles Brown) Dilke 34 144 February 4 John Keats William Mayor 37 145 February II John Keats Fanny Keats 38 146 February 18 (?) John Keats B. R. Haydon 39 147 February 20 B. R. Haydon John Keats 40 148 February 27 John Keats Fanny Keats 41 149 March 8 John Keats B. R. Haydon 42 150 March 10 B. R. Haydon John Keats 44 151 March 13 John Keats Fanny Keats 45 152 March 24 John Keats Fanny Keats 47 153 March 29 John Keats Joseph Severn 48 154 March 31 John Keats Fanny Keats 49 155 April 12 John Keats Fanny Keats 51 156 April 12 B. R. Haydon John Keats 53 157 April 13 John Keats B. R. Haydon 54 158 May I (?) John Keats Fanny Keats 55 159 February 14, 19,

March 3 (?), 12, 13,17, 19, April John Keats George and 15, 16,21,30, Georgiana Keats 58 May 3

160 May 12 John Keats William Haslam 109 161 May 12 John Keats Fanny Keats IIO 162 May 26 John Keats Fanny Keats IIO 163 May 29 (?) John Keats Taylor and Hessey I II 164 May 31 John Keats Sarah Jeffrey II2 165 June John Keats C. W. Dilke 114 166 June 9 John Keats Sarah Jeffrey II4

xiv






CONTENTS


167 June 9 John Keats Fanny Keats II7 168 June 12 John Keats James Elmes lI8

169 June 14 John Keats Fanny Keats II9

170 June 17 John Keats B. R. Haydon II9

171 June 17 John Keats Fanny Keats 121

172 July I John Keats Fanny Brawne 122

173 July 6 John Keats Fanny Keats 124

174 July 8 John Keats Fanny Brawne 126

175 July I I John Keats J. H. Reynolds 128

176 July 15 (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 129

177 July 16 John Keats Richard Abbey 131

178 July 25 John Keats Fanny Brawne 132

179 July 31 John Keats (with C. W. Dilke 134 Charles Brown)

180 August 5,6 John Keats Fanny Brawne 136

181 August 14 John Keats Benjamin Bailey 139

182 August 16 John Keats Fanny Brawne 140

183 August 23 John Keats John Taylor 143

184 August 23 Charles Brown John Taylor 145

185 August 24 John Keats J. H. Reynolds 146


187 August 31 Richard Woodhouse John Taylor 150


189 September 5 John Keats J. A. Hessey 154

190 September 5 John Keats John Taylor 155

191 September 13 John Keats Fanny Brawne 160

192 September 19, 20 Richard Woodhouse John Taylor 161

193 September 2 I John Keats J. H. Reynolds 166

194 September 21, 22 John Keats Richard Woodhouse 169

195 September 22 John Keats Charles Brown 176 xv






CONTENTS


181 9

196 September 22 John Keats C. W. Dilke 178

197 September 23 John Keats Charles Brown 181

198 September 25 John Taylor Richard Woodhouse 182

199 September 17, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, John Keats George and 27 Georgiana Keats 184

200 October I John Keats C. W. Dilke 218

201 October 3 John Keats (with Charles Brown) B. R. Haydon 21 9

202 October I I John Keats Fanny Brawne 222

203 October 13 John Keats Fanny Brawne 223

204 October 19 John Keats Fanny Brawne 224

205 October 26 (?) John Keats Fanny Keats 225

206 November 2 John Keats William Haslam 226

207 November 10 John Keats Joseph Severn 227

208 November 12 John Keats George and Georgiana Keats 228

209 November 15 John Keats Joseph Severn 232


211 November 17 John Keats John Taylor 234

212 December John Keats James Rice 235

21 3 December 20 John Keats Fanny Keats 236


1820

2 15 January 13, 15, John Keats Georgiana Keats 239 17,28

216 January 30 George Keats Fanny Keats 248

21 7 January 30 George Keats John Keats 249

218 February 4 (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 250

21 9 February 6 John Keats Fanny Keats 25 1

XVI






CONTENTS


220 February 8 John Keats Fanny Keats 253



223 February (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 255





228 February 14, 16 John Keats James Rice 259











239 March I (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 270

240 March 4 John Keats C. W. Dilke 271

241 March (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 273

242 March 8 Charles Brown John Taylor 273



245 March 13 (?) Charles Brown John Taylor 276



248 March (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 278 xvii






CONTENTS


1820


250 March 20 John Keats Fanny Keats 280

25 1 March (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 281


253 March 24 (?) John Keats Mrs. James Wylie 282

254 April I John Keats Fanny Keats 283

255 April John Keats Fanny Keats 284

256 April 12 John Keats Fanny Keats 285

257 April (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 286

258 April 21 John Keats Fanny Keats 287

259 May 4 John Keats Fanny Keats 288

260 May 15 John Keats Charles Brown 289

261 May (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 290

262 June (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 292

263 June I I (?) John Keats John Taylor 294

264 June 18 George Keats John Keats 295

265 June B. R. Haydon John Keats 297

266 About June 21 John Keats Charles Brown 298

267 June 23 John Keats Fanny Keats 300

268 June (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 301

269 June John Keats Taylor and Hessey 302

270 July 4 (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 302

27 1 July 5 (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 303


273 July 12 (?) Joseph Severn William Haslam 306

274 July 14 B. R. Haydon John Keats 308


276 July 27 P. B. Shelley John Keats 310 XVlll






CONTENTS


277 August (?) John Keats Fanny Brawne 3Il



280 August 13 (?) John Keats Leigh Hunt 316

281 August 13 (?) Leigh Hunt John Keats 317


283 August 14 (?) John Keats B. R. Haydon 320

284 August 14 John Keats Charles Brown 320

285 August 16 John Keats P. B. Shelley 322

286 August 17 John Aitken John Keats 324

287 August John Keats B. R. Haydon 326

288 August (?) John Keats Charles Brown 327

289 August (?) John Keats B. R. Haydon 328


291 August 23 John Keats William Haslam 330

292 August 23 Richard Abbey John Keats 331

293 September I I John Keats Fanny Keats 332

294 September 13 William Haslam John Taylor 333

295 September 13 John Taylor William Haslam 333

296 September 16 John Keats Copyright Assign-ment to Taylor and Hessey 334

297 September 16 Richard Woodhouse John Keats 336

298 September 19 John Taylor Fanny Keats 337

299 September 19 Joseph Severn William Haslam 338

300 September 19 (?) Joseph Severn William Haslam (?) 339

301 September 2 I Joseph Severn William Haslam 340

302 September 30 John Keats Charles Brown 344

303 October 5 Charles Brown John Taylor 346

304 October 22 Joseph Severn William Haslam 348

305 October 24 (?) John Keats Mrs. Samuel Brawne 349

XIX






CONTENTS


1820

306 November I John Keats Charles Brown 351

307 November 1,2 Joseph Severn William Haslam 353

308 November 8 George Keats John Keats 356

309 November 27 Dr. James Clark ? 358

310 November 30 John Keats Charles Brown 359

311 December 14, 17 Joseph Severn Charles Brown 361

312 December 21 Charles Brown John Keats 364

182 I

313 January 3 Dr. James Clark ? 366

314 January 15 Joseph Severn William Haslam 367

315 January 25, 26 Joseph Severn John Taylor 371

316 February 6 Mrs. Samuel Brawne Joseph Severn 374

317 February 22 Joseph Severn William Haslam 375

318 March 6 Joseph Severn John Taylor 377


320 March 18 Charles Brown William Haslam 381

INDEX OF CORRESPONDENTS AND DOCUMENTS 385 GENERAL INDEX 389

xx






LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

VOLUME ONE

HAYDON'S LIFE-MASK OF KEATS

Photograph of an electrotype made from the plaster cast formerly in the possession of Charlotte Reynolds; both are now in the National Portrait Gallery, London. Reproduced with the permission of the National Portrait Gallery

frontispiece

ST. THOMAS'S HOSPITAL, SOUTHWARK, LONDON following page 114 From an eighteenth-century print in the Louis A. Hol-man Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

KEATS TO SEVERN, I NOVEMBER 1816 (No.9)

Harvard Keats Collection following page I 14

KEATS TO HAYDON, 20 NOVEMBER 1816 (NO. I I) following page 114 Harvard Keats Collection

KEATS TO CLARKE, 17 DECEMBER 1816 (NO. 14) facing page 115 Harvard Keats Collection

TEIGNMOUTH, DEVON, AS IT LOOKED IN KEATS'S DAY facing page 330 From a print in the Holman Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

ST. STEPHEN'S, COLEMAN STREET, THE "KEATS

CHURCH" (DESTROYED BY ENEMY ACTION) facing page 331 From a photograph made by E. J. Goodwin in the Hol-man Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

THE TWA BRIGS, AYR facing page 346 From a nineteenth-century engraving in the Holman Col-lection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

IONA, SCOTLAND facing page 347 From an early nineteenth-century engraving in the Hol-man Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

XXl






LIST OF ILL US TRA TIONS

IN FINGAL'S CAVE, STAFFA facing page 347 From an early nineteenth-century engraving in the Hol-man Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

VOLUME TWO

JOHN KEATS frontispiece From a drawing attributed to Joseph Severn in the Har-vard Keats Collection

PART OF A CROSSED LETTER, KEATS TO TAYLOR, 5 SEPTEMBER 1819 (NO. 190) facing page 208

Harvard Keats Collection

MILLFIELD LANE, HAMPSTEAD facing page 209

From a photograph made by F. H. Day in 1890 in the Holman Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL facing page 224

From a photograph in the Holman Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

A VIEW FROM SHANKLIN DOWN, ISLE OF WIGHT facing page 224

From an early nineteenth-century engraving in the Hol-man Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

THE PIAZZA Dr SPAGNA, ROME facing page 225

From a print in the Holman Collection, Keats Room, Houghton Library

XXll






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