Cambridge IGCSE Physics (0625) - TOTAL IGCSE REVISION

Cambridge IGCSE® Physics (0625)

Copyright © UCLES 2017

Light1 2 Energy3

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Unit links

Unit links

Mechanics 14 Electromagnetism5 Electricity 26

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Thermal physics7 Mechanics 28 Waves9

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Atomic physics10 Electronics11

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Unit links

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

Highlighted numbers in ‘unit links’ boxes indicate significant links between the different units.

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11

a b

Electricity 1

V

VV V

9 V

4.5 V 4.5 V

9 V

9 V

resistor

V

A

P = IVE = IVt

R = V/I

OIL

COAL

GAS

13:03

speed = distance ÷ time

Time (s)

Dis

tanc

e (m

)

GRADIENT = SPEED

1.23

S N

N S N S

N S

N S

N S

++

+–––

repel

repel

attract

5 A

A1 A2

SERIES

A1

A2

tem

pera

ture

time

melting

boiling

E = mc∆T1 m 1 m

10 N 10 N

W = fd p = f/a

power = work ÷ time

radio

microwave

infra-red

visible

ultraviolet

X-ray

gamma

wavelengtham

plitu

de

αβγ XA

Z WA–4Z–2 + α4

2

XAZ YA

Z+1 + β0–1

thermistor

LDR

analogue signal

digital signal

AB OR Q

AB AND Q

AB

NOR Q

PARALLEL

ROYGBIV

A

9 V

®IGCSE is a registered trademark

1 Light

real image

virtual image

Dispersion of light3.2.4

Thin converging lens3.2.3

Refraction of light3.2.2


Reflection of light3.2.1

a b

angle a = angle bangle of incidence = angle of reflection

AMBULANCE

AMBULANCE

GLASS BLOCK

incident ray

total internal reflection

Refr

acti

on

Total internal reflection

Lenses and prisms

Refraction refracted ray

refracts back to original direction

WHITE LIGHT

MONOCHROMATIC LIGHT

ROYGBIV

2 Electricity 1

Current4.2.2 Electromotive force4.2.3

Potential difference4.2.4 Resistance4.2.5

Electrical working4.2.6


Aammeter

electrons

current

– – – – –

I = Q/t

electromotive force

1.5 V

4.5 V

voltmeter

V

1 volt = 1 joule/coulomb

V

VV V

9 V

4.5 V

9 V

9 V

resistor

V

R = V/I– – – – – –

thin wire thick wire

high R low R

surroundings

A

P = IVE = IVt

Voltage and current

Calculating resistance

Vol

tage

, ene

rgy

and

char

ge

Resi

stan

ce

Pow

er a

nd e

nerg

y

Pow

er a

nd re

sist

ance

PIPE SIZE(R)

PUMP(V)

FLOW RATE (I)

9 V

3 Energy


Energy

Energy1.7.1 Energy resources1.7.2

Conduction2.3.1 Convection2.3.2

Radiation2.3.3 Consequences of energy transfer2.3.4

kinetic

chemical

gravitational

nuclear

elastic

internal

TRANSFERS

heating

mechanical

electricity

waves

HYDROELECTRICAND TIDAL

OIL

COAL

GAS

vibrations increase when atoms are heated

vibrations spread through the material

HOT

less dense

COLD

more dense

infra-red radiation

no mediumrequired

absorption

emission

good bad

good bad

vacuum flask

refrigerator

Hea

t tr

ansf

er

4 Mechanics 1

Density1.4

Mass and weight1.3

Motion1.2


Length and time1.1

Mea

suri

ng v

olum

e

Distance, speed and time

Mass and density

Braking distances

13:03

Time (s)S

peed

(m/s

)

AREA = DISTANCE

speed = distance ÷ time

GRADIENT = ACCELERATION

Time (s)

Dis

tanc

e (m

)

GRADIENT = SPEED

MASS: 75 kg

WEIGHT: 735 N

MASS: 75 kg

WEIGHT: 122 N

MASS: 75 kg

WEIGHT: 277 NW = mg

1.23

displacement beaker

h

d

w

ρ = mV

1 g/cm3

WATER

N

5 Electromagnetism

S N

N S

S N

S N

Force on a current-carrying conductor4.6.5

Transformer4.6.3

Electromagnetic induction4.6.1Simple phenomena of magnetism4.1


A.C. generator4.6.2

The magnetic effect of a current4.6.4

D.C. motor4.6.6

N S N S

N S

S N

N

S

N S

Fleming’s right-hand rule

mov

emen

t

magnetic field

curre

nt

N S

Asimple A.C.

generator

pote

ntia

l diff

eren

ce

time

step-up transformer step-down transformer

N S

solenoid

current

magneticfield

Fleming’s left-hand rule

forc

e magnetic field

current

FORCE

force on a wire

N Sincreasing torque

increase coils

increase current

increase magnetic field

A

NS

Magnets and current

Elec

trom

agne

ts

Elec

tric

ity

supp

ly

Current and magnetsCurrent and magnets

S

6 Electricity 2

Dangers of electricity4.5

Series and parallel circuits4.3.2

Circuit diagrams4.3.1


Electric charge4.2.1

Dan

gers

of e

lect

rici

ty

Charge and circuits

Fuses and circuits

Circuit components

++

+–––

REPEL

REPEL

ATTRACT+

+

+

+

–

–

–

–

++

+

+

–

cell lamp resistor

thermistor LDR variable resistor

voltmeter ammeter galvanometer

V A G

relay

LED bell

A1 A2A total current = A1 = A2

SERIES PARALLELA1 + A2 = A

A1

A2

5 A

A

7 Thermal physics

Measurement of temperature2.2.2

Pressure changes2.1.4

Molecular model2.1.2States of matter2.1.1


Evaporation2.1.3

Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases2.2.1

Thermal capacity (heat capacity)2.2.3 Melting and boiling2.2.4

solid liquid gassolid liquid gas

compressible

flows

compressible

flows flows

compressibleBrownian motion

temperature

draught

surface area

FACTORS

thermal expansion on

heating

V

METAL A

METAL B

thermocouple thermometer

temperature and internal

energy

E = mc∆T

energy (J)

mass (kg)

specific thermal capacity (J/kg˚C)

change in temperature (˚C)

E

m

c

∆T

tem

pera

ture

time

melting

boiling

latent heat of fusion

latent heat of vaporisation

1 kg

1 kg

Explaining properties

Com

pres

sing

gas

es

Pres

sure

Evap

orat

ion

and

boili

ng

Mea

suri

ng te

mpe

ratu

re c

hang

es

Mea

suri

ng te

mpe

ratu

re c

hang

es

Part

icle

exp

lana

tion

s

pV = constantfor a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature

8 Mechanics 2

Pressure1.8

Power1.7.4

Scalars and vectors1.5.5 Momentum1.6

Work1.7.3

Centre of mass1.5.4


Effects of forces1.5.1 Turning effect1.5.2

Conditions for equilibrium1.5.3

F = kxresultant

balanced – constant speed

unbalanced – accelerating

moment

force × distance

newtons metres

1 m 1 m

10 N 5 N

1 m 1 m

10 N 10 N

10 N 10 N

balanced forces

vectorscalar

timevolumespeed

accelerationvelocity

force

v

v

m m

m m

p = mv

N

N

m

W = fd

fd = ∆Epower = change in energy ÷ time

pressure

p = f/ahigh pressure

low pressurelarge forcelarge area

large forcesmall area

Forces

Work and power

Balanced forces

Forc

es a

nd m

ass

Velocity13:03

P = ∆E/t

p = hρg

9 Waves


3.1 General wave properties

Electromagnetic spectrum

Sound

Spee

d of

sou

nd v

s. li

ght

Wav

elen

gth

Freq

uenc

y an

d am

plit

ude,

and

wav

e re

flec

tion

3.3

3.4

wavelength

ampl

itude

radio

microwave

infra-red

visible

ultraviolet

X-ray

gamma

small amplitude

large amplitude

343 m/s

20 Hz to20000 Hz

n = fλ

10 Atomic physics

Atomic model5.1.1

Half-life5.2.4

Characteristics of the three kinds of emission5.2.2Detection of radioactivity5.2.1


Radioactive decay5.2.3

Safety precautions5.2.5

Nucleus5.1.2

background radiation

radon gas

food and drink

cosmicrays

artificialsources

buildings and the ground

αalpha beta gamma

β γionisation

penetration

αβγ

XAZ WA–4

Z–2 + α42

XAZ YA

Z+1 + β0–1

nuclear equations

activ

itytime

t1/2 t1/2 t1/2

half-life

10 g

5g

CAUTIONIONISING

RADIATION

time distance shielding

α +

+

+proton

neutron

electron

Li7

3

nucleon number

proton number

element symbol

1H

2H

Radiation

Radioactive decay

Type

s of

em

issi

on a

nd d

ange

rs

Type

s of

em

issi

on a

nd d

ange

rs

Nuc

lear

equ

atio

ns

Nuc

lear

par

ticl

es

11 Electronics


4.3.3 Action and use of circuit components

4.4 Digital electronics

Sim

ple

digi

tal c

ircu

its

analogue signal

digital signal

AB OR Q A NOT Q

AB AND Q

AB OR QNAND

AB

NOR Q LOGIC GATES

R1

R2 VOUT

VIN

VOUT = R2R1 + R2 × VIN

thermistor

LDR

relay

LED

Cambridge IGCSE Physics (0625) - TOTAL IGCSE REVISION

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