Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, … · 2015-12-22 · Foreword ASEAN...
Transcript of Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, … · 2015-12-22 · Foreword ASEAN...
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established on 8 August 1967. The Member States of the Association are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. The ASEAN Secretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia.
For inquiries, contact:Public Affairs OfficeThe ASEAN Secretariat70A Jalan SisingamangarajaJakarta 12110IndonesiaPhone : (62 21) 724-3372, 726-2991Fax : (62 21) 739-8234, 724-3504E-mail : [email protected]
General information on ASEAN appears onlineat the ASEAN Website: www.asean.org
Catalogue-in-Publication Data
Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat, August 2008
ISBN 978-979-3496-94-8
The text of this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted with proper acknowledgement.
Copyright ASEAN Secretariat 2008All rights reservedPhotos courtesy of:ASEANstats
ASEAN Community in Figures 2008
60 pages; 11 x 15 cm
338.809591. Social Development Economic Development2. ASEAN Statistics
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008
Foreword
ASEAN Community in Figures (ACIF) 2008 is the first in a series of periodic statistical updates about the economies, peoples and societies of ASEAN Member States and where applicable, of the ASEAN region as whole. This publication features statistical information on key characteristics and trends in ASEAN's general economy, trade, investment, tourism, population, labour force, health, education and poverty.
Intended to be released between the annual releases of the ASEAN Statistical Yearbook, the ACIF includes updates on selected indicators in the yearbook, including gross domestic product and international merchandise trade statistics.
The ACIF is purposely designed to be a handy publication, and hence presents only a selection of the most-sought-after or referred-to indicators for the last few years.
We appreciate and value your comments and suggestions in the improvement of this publication and of our other statistical products and services. Please contact ASEAN stats at [email protected] if you have any feedback.
Dr. Surin PitsuwanSecretary-General of ASEAN
August 2008
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 i
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 ii
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 iii
ASEAN Community in Figures, 2008Table of Contents
01. ASEAN and the WorldTable 1 ASEAN population, territory and economy, 2007 1Table 2 ASEAN population and economy compared with
those of selected trading partner countries/regions,2007 2
Table 3 Trend of per capita GDP in ASEAN and selected tradingpartner countries/regions 3
Table 4 ASEAN GDP rate of growth, and share of CLMV 4Table 5 Consumer Price Index (CPI), for all items and selected
components in ASEAN 6 5Table 6 Inflation rate (year-on-year change of the Consumer
Price Index), average of period 6Table 7 Lending rates in ASEAN 7Table 8 Exchange rates in ASEAN (in national currency per US$1),
average of period 8
02. ASEAN trade aggregatesTable 9 Share of international trade to overall economy
in ASEAN 9Table 10 ASEAN balance of trade with selected partner countries 10Table 11 Trade in ASEAN 11
03. ASEAN trade dependencyTable 12 ASEAN trade with selected partner countries,
ranked according to the 2007 levels (value in US$ million) 14
Table 13 ASEAN trade with selected partner countries, ranked according to the 2007 shares (in percent) 15
Table 14 Top 20 ASEAN exported commodities (based on 4-digit Harmonised System codes), 2007 16
Table 15 Top 20 ASEAN imported commodities (based on 4-digit Harmonised System codes), 2007 17
Table 16 Commodities with high significant share in ASEAN trade, 2007 18
04. ASEAN trade liberalisationChart 1 Average tariff rates on imports from ASEAN, 2000-2007 22Chart 2 Percent of tariff lines in the ASEAN Common Effective
Preferential Tariff* (CEPT) Inclusion List (IL) 23Chart 3 Percent of items in the ASEAN Common Effective
Preferential Tariff* (CEPT) Inclusion List (IL) with 0 tariff 24
05. ASEAN trade in priority integration sectorsTable 17 Trend of ASEAN exports 25Table 18 Trend of intra-ASEAN exports 26
Page
06. ASEAN foreign direct investmentTable 19 Trend of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows
in ASEAN 27Table 20 Trend of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows
in ASEAN by host country (in US$ million) 28Table 21 Trend of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows
in ASEAN by source country (in US$ million) 29
07. ASEAN tourismTable 22 Trend of tourist arrivals in ASEAN by host country
(thousand) 30Table 23 Rate of growth of tourist arrivals in ASEAN (percent) 31Table 24 Tourist arrivals in ASEAN by country of origin 32
08. ASEAN telecommunicationsTable 25 Main internet subscribers/users per 1000 personsChart 4 Main internet subscribers/users per 1000 persons in ASEAN 33Table 26 Cellular/mobile phone density (number of units per 1000 persons)Chart 5 Celllular/mobile density (number of units per 1000 persons) 34
09. ASEAN social developmentTable 27 Distribution of ASEAN population by age group, 2006 35Table 28 Percentage of population living under PPP $2 a day 36Table 29 Percentage of poor population based on national poverty lines 37Table 30 Gini coefficient (percent) 38Table 31 Life expectancy at birth (years) 39Table 32 Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births) 40Table 33 Percentage of government health expenditure in total government expenditure 41Table 34 Prevalence rate of malaria (number of cases per 100,000
population) 42Table 35 Prevalence rate of tuberculosis (number of cases per 100,000
population) 43Table 36 Incidence of dengue (number of cases per 1000 population) 44Table 37 Percentage of children less than 5 years old and underweight for age 45Table 38 Combined enrolment ratio at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels 46Table 39 Adult literacy rate 15 years old and above (percent) 47Table 40 Net primary enrolment rate (percent) 48Table 41 Drop-out rate from primary to secondary level (percent) 49Table 42 Unemployment rate by gender (percent) 50Table 43 Labour force participation rate by gender (percent) 51Table 44 Employment to population ratio of 15-24 year olds (percent) 52Table 45 Employment by sector (percent) 53Table 46 Employment by occupation (percent) 54Table 47 Percentage of population with access to safe drinking water 55Table 48 Percentage of population with access to sanitation facilities 56Table 49 Ratio of protected area to total area (percent) 57
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 iv
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 2
0101 ASEAN and the World
Population
million persons US$ billion PPP$ billion
Absolute Number
ASEAN 1,282
2,522 China 3,251
6,991
Japan 4,384
4,290
Republic of Korea 957
1,201
India 1,099
2,989
Australia 909
761
New Zealand 128
112
USA 13,844
13,844
EU25 16,625
14,353
Ratio of ASEAN to Trading Partners
ASEAN 1.00 1.00
China 0.39 0.36
Japan 0.29 0.59
Republic of Korea 1.34 2.10
India 1.17 0.84
Australia 1.41 3.31
New Zealand 10.00 22.57
USA 0.09 0.18
EU25
575.5
1,321.1
127.8
48.5
1,124.0
21.0
4.2
302.0
464.2
1.00
0.44
4.50
11.88
0.51
27.43
135.90
1.91
1.24 0.08 0.18
CountryGDP
Table 2
ASEAN population and economy compared with those of selected trading partner countries/regions, 2007
Notes : 1. PPP dollar refers to the international unit of value that takes into account differences in the purchasing power of the US dollar in the countries.
2. EU25 excludes Romania and Bulgaria (data not available).Sources: ASEAN Finance and Macroeconomic Surveillance Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2008
ASEAN's population is nearly twice that of the USA, one-fifth more than that of EU25, more than 4 times that of Japan but only half of India's and less than half of China's population.
The ASEAN economy is only a quarter of Japan's, 40% of China's, and less than 10% of the USA's or EU25's economy. If purchasing power parity is taken into account, ASEAN's economy in 2007 is nearly a quarter that of the USA and more than three quarters that of Japan.
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 3
0101 ASEAN and the World
Country/
Region1998 2000 2003 2005 2007
Ratio
2007/
1998
ASEAN
China
Japan
Republic of Korea
India
Australia
New Zealand
USA
EU25
In PPP International Dollar
ASEAN
China
Japan
Republic of Korea
India
Australia
New Zealand
USA
EU25
960
817
30,645
7,528
429
19,911
14,393
31,689
20,221
2,750
1,993
23,828
12,825
1,352
24,550
17,446
31,689
20,733
1,158
946
36,811
10,891
459
20,325
13,566
34,774
18,694
3,132
2,372
25,274
15,547
1,509
26,833
19,378
34,774
22,893
1,328
1,270
33,180
12,711
542
26,486
19,745
37,685
24,815
3,619
3,217
27,222
18,607
1,774
30,112
22,050
37,685
25,249
1,613
1,716
35,699
16,444
717
34,888
26,328
41,970
29,550
4,209
4,079
30,315
21,342
2,157
32,898
24,351
41,970
27,711
2006
1,902
2,012
34,264
18,395
792
36,442
25,129
44,118
31,243
4,540
4,650
32,032
23,070
2,406
34,375
25,202
44,118
29,364
2,227
2,461
34,312
19,751
978
43,312
30,256
45,845
35,811
4,887
5,292
33,577
24,783
2,659
36,258
26,379
45,845
30,917
2.32
3.01
1.12
2.62
2.28
2.18
2.10
1.45
1.77
1.78
2.66
1.41
1.93
1.97
1.48
1.51
1.45
1.49
In US $
Table 3
Trend of per capita GDP in ASEAN and selected trading partner countries/regions
Note : EU25 excludes Romania and Bulgaria (data not available).Sources : ASEAN Finance and Macroeconomic Surveillance Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2008
Following a sharp decline in 1998 due to the Asian financial crisis, the average GDP per capita of ASEAN Member States had increased from US$ 960 in 1998 to US$ 2,227 in 2007.
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 4
0101 ASEAN and the World
Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
ASEAN 480,472
598,623
718,393
896,533
1,073,866 1,281,854
CLMV 38,029
46,291
58,051
73,232
83,774 96,715
ASEAN 6 442,443
552,332
660,342
823,301
990,092 1,185,139
GDP share (%)
ASEAN 100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 100.0
CLMV 7.9
7.7
8.1
8.2
7.8 7.5
ASEAN 6 92.1
92.3
91.9
91.8
92.2 92.5
Brunei Darussalam -0.6 2.9 2.9 0.4 4.4 0.6
Cambodia 5.0 8.4 12.6 13.6 10.8 10.1
Indonesia -13.1 5.4 4.8 5.7 5.5 6.3
Lao PDR 4.0 5.8 5.8 7.3 8.3 6.0
Malaysia -7.4 8.9 5.8 5.0 5.9 6.3
Myanmar 5.8 13.7 5.1 4.5 6.9 5.6
Philippines -0.6 4.4 3.7 4.9 5.3 7.4
Singapore -1.4 10.1 3.1 6.6 7.9 9.3
Thailand -10.5 4.8 7.1 4.6 5.1 4.8
Viet Nam 5.8 6.8 7.4 8.4 8.2 8.5
ASEAN -7.6 6.1 5.4 5.6 6.0 6.6
CLMV 5.7 6.9 7.8 8.9 8.4 8.5
ASEAN 6 -8.8 6.1 5.2 5.3 5.7 6.4
GDP at current prices (US $million)
Annual rate of growth of ASEAN GDP (%)
Table 4
ASEAN GDP, rate of growth, and share of CLMV
Notes : 1. GDP growth is the year-on-year change of the GDP at constant prices.2. ASEAN, ASEAN 6 and CLMV figures are estimated weighted averages using world GDP in PPP$ shares.
Sources: ASEAN Finance and Macroeconomic Surveillance Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2008
CLMV economies in general have grown faster than ASEAN 6 countries. Their collective share to ASEAN GDP has increased from less than 5% in 1996 to around 8% in the last three years.
CLMV were less affected by the 1997 Asian financial crisis, managing to grow by 5.7% in 1998 when ASEAN 6 contracted by 8.8%.
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Brunei
Darussalam99.2 100.8 101.3 101.6 103.8 99.2 98.5 98.7 97.6 96.8
Indonesia 110.4 115.7 131.6 139.9 148.9 115.6 124.2 141.5 148.3 155.6
Malaysia 94.4 96.4 100.0 103.4 106.5 97.9 98.8 100.0 101.5 102.8
Philippines 109.8 117.0 124.3 131.0 135.4 117.3 121.7 127.2 132.3 134.0
Singapore 97.9 99.9 101.3 102.8 105.9 100.1 100.0 100.8 103.5 103.9
Thailand 103.7 108.3 113.7 118.9 123.7 99.5 100.0 101.3 103.3 103.4
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Brunei
Darussalam104.5 106.9 108.1 106.7 107.2 100.3 101.2 102.4 102.5 102.8
Indonesia 108.0 114.3 165.4 167.1 169.2 106.8 113.2 125.1 141.5 150.5
Malaysia 93.4 94.1 100.0 111.0 113.6 104.4 105.8 100.0 103.6 105.7
Philippines 122.3 134.4 149.6 162.4 167.0 113.8 120.6 129.8 137.9 141.8
Singapore 98.8 100.0 97.8 96.4 98.3 98.3 100.0 100.4 101.4 103.5
Thailand 103.1 107.4 118.0 128.7 131.5 101.8 104.6 109.3 114.4 117.0
Food HousingCountry
CountryTransport All Items
0101 ASEAN and the World
Table 5
Consumer Price Index (CPI), for all items and selected componentsin ASEAN 6
Source : ASEAN Finance and Macroeconomic Surveillance Database
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 5
Country
Brunei
Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
-0.4 1.2 0.3 1.2 0.1 0.3
15.9 -0.8 0.3 5.8 4.7 5.9
58.0 3.8 6.8 10.5 13.1 6.4
90.1 23.1 16.0 6.8 10.6 4.1
5.6 1.4 1.1 -5.5 3.6 2.0
51.5 -0.1 36.6 10.5 18.9 34.6
Philippines 9.2 4.0 3.5 7.6 6.3 2.8
-0.3 1.3 0.5 0.5 1.0 2.1
8.1 1.6 1.8 4.5 4.6 2.2
7.3 -1.8 3.1 8.6 7.2 7.1
0101 ASEAN and the World
Table 6
Inflation rate (year-on-year change of the Consumer Price Index), average of period
Notes : 1. As a proxy, ASEAN inflation is calculated as a weighted average using world GDP in PPP$ shares as weights. 2. 2007 figure for Lao PDR is up to Q3 only.
Sources : ASEAN Finance and Macroeconomic Surveillance Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2008
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 6
Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
Brunei
Darussalam6.3 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5
Cambodia 19.6 17.4 21.1 18.6 23.1 22.3
Indonesia 34.8 17.7 15.1 16.2 15.1 13.0
Lao PDR 18.5 15.5 20.0 21.5 19.8 18.8
Malaysia 9.7 7.2 6.1 6.2 6.7 6.7
Myanmar 16.5 15.0 15.0 15.0 17.0 17.0
Philippines 14.4 12.0 9.6 10.3 9.2 8.3
Singapore 5.9 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3
Thailand 11.50-12.00 7.50-8.25 5.50-5.75 6.50-6.75 7.50-8.00 6.85-7.13
Viet Nam 14.4 10.2 8.4 10.2 10.0 10.0
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 7
0101 ASEAN and the World
Table 7
Lending rates in ASEAN
Note : 2007 figures for Brunei Darussalam and Lao PDR are up to Q2 and Q3 only, respectively.Source : ASEAN Finance and Macroeconomic Surveillance Database
Note : 2007 figure for Lao PDR is up to Q3 only.Source : ASEAN Finance and Macroeconomic Surveillance Database
Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
Brunei
Darussalam1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5
Cambodia 3,836 3,894 4,001 4,119 4,114 4,048
Indonesia 10,014 8,422 8,575 9,733 9,168 9,164
Lao PDR 3,298 7,888 10,554 10,697 10,054 9,343
Malaysia 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.4
Myanmar 249 287 737 1,009 1,274 1,751
Philippines 41 44 54 55 51 46
Singapore 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5
Thailand 41.3 40.1 41.5 40.2 37.9 34.6
Viet Nam 13,268 14,168 15,509 15,817 15,963 16,076
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 8
0101 ASEAN and the World
Table 8
Exchange rates in ASEAN (in national currency per US$1), average of period
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 9
0202 ASEAN trade aggregates
Indicator Unit/Scale 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
Value (US$ million) 576,108 759,101 824,539 1,224,889 1,404,806 1,616,056
Growth (%) -17.5 21.8 15.5 14.3 14.7 15.0
Value (US$ million) 120,918 166,846 206,732 304,893 352,771 404,261
Growth (%) -19.4 25.8 29.3 17.0 15.7 14.6
Share to total trade (%) 21.0 22.0 25.1 24.9 25.1 25.0
Share of trade to GDP (%) 119.9 126.8 114.4 137.3 130.9 126.1
Exports to GDP (%) 65.9 68.5 62.8 72.7 70.0 67.3
Imports to GDP (%) 54.0 58.3 51.6 64.7 61.0 58.8
Value (US$ million) 57,194 61,180 80,575 71,405 96,610 108,044
Share to exports (%) 18.1 14.9 17.8 11.0 12.9 12.5
Total Trade
Intra-ASEAN
Trade
Share to GDP
Trade Balance
Table 9
Share of international trade to overall economy in ASEAN
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
ASEAN trade reached US$ 1.6 trillion in 2007, with intra-ASEAN trade amounting to US$ 403 billion.
Total ASEAN trade grew by around 15% in the last three years, with intra-ASEAN trade maintaining a constant share of around 25%.
Trade as percentage of GDP declined in 2007 because of the lower exports share to GDP.
ASEAN has been on trade surplus since 1998 with trade balance recorded at US$ 108 billion in 2007.
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 10
0202 ASEAN trade aggregates
Value (US$ million) -11,977 -15,071 -7,005 -8,322
Country Unit/Scale 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
789 -2,966
Share to exports (%) -34.5 -29.8 -13.2 -11.4 1.0 -3.5
Value (US$ million) 13,678 25,322 21,463 31,966 32,691 33,132
Share to exports (%) 21.2 34.3 30.8 34.4 33.7 31.4
Value (US$ million) 14,160 24,103 18,869 21,311 28,354 28,464
Share to exports (%) 29.1 38.0 31.4 26.3 30.0 26.5
Value (US$ million) -2,009 -3,958 -1,517 -8,879 -9,941 -15,357
Share to exports (%) -21.8 -27.9 -5.2 -17.0 -15.3 -19.7
Value (US$ million) -1,454 -727 335 753 -1,180 -2,290
Share to exports (%) -18.6 -5.0 2.0 3.1 -4.6 -7.8
Value (US$ million) 1,418 198 4,727 8,053 9,886 12,890
Share to exports (%) 19.9 2.2 39.5 41.0 42.7 47.0
Value (US$ million) 3,467 3,237 4,393 7,096 9,153 12,239
Share to exports (%) 66.5 50.2 52.0 47.2 48.4 49.6
Value (US$ million) 548 581 890 308 946 1,038
Share to exports (%) 23.7 21.5 32.4 9.8 24.2 19.7
Value (US$ million) -106 179 320 1,177 1,487 1,314
Share to exports (%) -14.0 14.7 21.7 44.7 49.3 37.0
Value (US$ million) -90 -722 -588 -1,766 -1,258 -1,252
Share to exports (%) -19.1 -220.8 -65.0 -120.2 -79.5 -60.3
Value (US$ million) 1,055 2,907 1,421 1,962 2,690 3,438
Share to exports (%) 81.9 90.8 85.5 91.6 90.1 91.0
New Zealand
Russia
Pakistan
Republic of Korea
Australia
India
Canada
Japan
USA
EU25
China
Table 10
ASEAN balance of trade with selected partner countries
Note : EU25 excludes Romania and Bulgaria (data not available)Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
ASEAN trade with China has always been in deficit, and also with Japan before turning into a modest surplus in 2006 and 2007.
On the other hand, ASEAN has maintained trade surplus with the USA, EU25, Australia, New Zealand, India, Canada and Pakistan since 1998.
0202 ASEAN trade aggregates
Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
Total Trade 576,108 759,101 824,539 1,224,889 1,404,806 1,616,056
Brunei Darussalam 3,200 3,237 4,563 7,872 9,108 9,750
Cambodia - 2,772 5,022 5,916 6,437 7,581
Indonesia 76,185 95,639 93,609 143,361 161,864 188,574
Lao PDR - - 482 876 990 1,093
Malaysia 138,075 177,802 188,502 254,684 285,543 323,544
Myanmar - 3,413 6,307 4,757 5,630 8,723
Philippines 59,156 72,569 73,728 88,673 99,184 105,979
Singapore 211,299 273,033 296,116 429,967 510,090 568,604
Thailand 88,193 130,636 156,210 227,613 248,688 292,225
Viet Nam - - - 61,170 77,270 109,982
Share of total trade to GDP (%)
Brunei Darussalam 79.8 54.0 69.8 82.6 78.9 79.2
Cambodia - 76.6 108.4 94.7 88.7 87.5
Indonesia 72.2 57.8 39.4 51.2 44.4 43.7
Lao PDR - - 22.6 30.6 28.1 26.5
Malaysia 191.1 196.9 181.3 185.7 182.0 173.1
Myanmar - 35.5 53.7 42.6 47.1 69.0
Philippines 90.2 97.0 92.6 89.8 84.4 72.1
Singapore 256.3 294.6 320.6 368.6 385.6 352.0
Thailand 78.2 106.2 109.3 129.2 120.3 118.9
Viet Nam - - - 115.5 126.7 154.3
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 11
Table 11
Trade in ASEAN
Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 12
0202 ASEAN trade aggregates
Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
Exports (US $ million) 316,651 410,141 452,557 648,147 750,708 862,050
Brunei Darussalam 1,924 2,169 3,211 6,369 7,619 7,653
Cambodia - 1,368 2,116 3,091 3,514 3,906
Indonesia 48,848 62,124 61,058 85,660 100,799 114,101
Lao PDR - - 144 174 403 382
Malaysia 77,099 98,154 104,983 140,470 157,227 176,409
Myanmar - 1,194 4,464 3,124 3,515 5,933
Philippines 29,496 38,078 36,231 41,255 47,410 50,466
Singapore 109,803 138,352 159,900 229,804 271,608 301,377
Thailand 49,482 68,701 80,450 109,623 121,579 153,535
Viet Nam - - - 28,576 37,034 48,289
Imports (US $ million) 259,457 348,960 371,982 576,742 654,098 754,006
Brunei Darussalam 1,276 1,068 1,352 1,503 1,489 2,097
Cambodia - 1,405 2,906 2,825 2,923 3,675
Indonesia 27,337 33,515 32,551 57,701 61,065 74,473
Lao PDR - - 338 702 588 711
Malaysia 60,976 79,647 83,519 114,213 128,316 147,135
Myanmar - 2,219 1,843 1,633 2,115 2,789
Philippines 29,660 34,491 37,497 47,418 51,774 55,514
Singapore 101,496 134,680 136,216 200,163 238,482 267,228
Thailand 38,712 61,935 75,759 117,991 127,109 138,690
Viet Nam - - - 32,594 40,237 61,694
Table 11 (continued)
Trade in ASEAN
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
Trend of trade balance (US $ million)
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
Trend of trade balance as percentage of exports
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
647
-
21,511
-
16,122
-
-164
8,307
10,770
-
33.7
-
44.0
-
20.9
-
-0.6
7.6
21.8
-
1,102
-37
28,609
-
18,507
-1,026
3,587
3,672
6,766
-
50.8
-2.7
46.1
-
18.9
-85.9
9.4
2.7
9.8
-
1,859
-791
28,508
-194
21,464
2,621
-1,265
23,684
4,691
-
57.9
-37.4
46.7
-134.9
20.4
58.7
-3.5
14.8
5.8
-
4,866
267
27,959
-528
26,257
1,491
-6,164
29,641
-8,368
-4,017
76.4
8.6
32.6
-303.2
18.7
47.7
-14.9
12.9
-7.6
-14.1
6,130
591
39,733
-185
28,911
1,399
-4,364
33,126
-5,529
-3,203
80.5
16.8
39.4
-45.9
18.4
39.8
-9.2
12.2
-4.5
-8.6
5,557
230
39,627
-329
29,274
3,144
-5,048
34,149
14,844
-13,405
72.6
5.9
34.7
-86.2
16.6
53.0
-10.0
11.3
9.7
-27.8
0202 ASEAN trade aggregates
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 13
Table 11 (continued)
Trade in ASEAN
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 14
0303 ASEAN trade dependency
Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
120,918
166,846
206,732
304,893 352,771 404,261
83,302
102,647
101,365
140,534 160,590 186,376
115,562
122,218
117,886
153,918 161,196 177,916
81,410
116,191
113,401
153,834 161,780 173,054
20,414
32,316
59,637
113,394 139,961 171,215
17,080
29,635
33,548
47,972 55,942 61,259
12,822
17,589
19,197
31,239 36,411 41,973
6,968
9,656
12,512
23,001 28,703 37,077
4,081 4,833 4,612 5,974 6,887 9,488
1,621 2,248 2,621 4,089 4,550 5,793
1,035 1,375 2,397 4,704 4,424 5,406
1,521 3,493 1,902 2,323 3,282 4,122
109,372 150,055 148,729 239,016 288,308 338,116
ASEAN
EU25
USA
Japan
China
Republic of Korea
Australia
India
Canada
New Zealand
Russia
Pakistan
Rest of the world
Total 576,108 759,101 824,539 1,224,889 1,404,806 1,616,056
Table 12
ASEAN trade with selected partner countries, ranked according to the 2007 levels (value in US$ million)
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
ASEAN Member States has traded substantially with each other, and with Japan, USA, EU25 and China. Intra-ASEAN trade had expanded to US$ 403 billion in 2007 from only US$ 121 billion in 1998.
ASEAN trade with Japan, USA and EU25 was above US$ 170 billion each in 2007, more than double the 1998 levels of trade with Japan and EU25.
ASEAN trade with China was only US$ 20 billion in 1998 but had increased more than eight-fold since then, reaching US$ 171 billion in 2007.
Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
21.0 22.0 25.1 24.9 25.1 25.0
14.5 13.5 12.3 11.5 11.4 11.5
20.1 16.1 14.3 12.6 11.5 11.0
14.1 15.3 13.8 12.6 11.5 10.7
3.5 4.3 7.2 9.3 10.0 10.6
3.0 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.8
2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.6
1.2 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.0 2.3
0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4
0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3
0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3
19.0 19.8 18.0 19.5 20.5 20.9
ASEAN
EU25
USA
Japan
China
Republic of Korea
Australia
India
Canada
New Zealand
Russia
Pakistan
Rest of the world
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 15
0303 ASEAN trade dependency
Table 13
ASEAN trade with selected partner countries, ranked according to the 2007 shares (in percent)
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
The share of intra-ASEAN trade had increased from 21.0% in 1998 to around 25% in the last three years.
EU25, USA, Japan, and China were ASEAN's top four trading partners in 2007, each contributing around 11.0% to ASEAN's total trade.
While the share of USA, EU25, and Japan had declined from 1998, the share of China's trade with ASEAN had increased from only 3.5% in 1998 to 10.6% in 2007.
HS
CodesCommodities Value
Share
(%)
Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies 100,490 11.7
Petroleum oils, not crude 53,697 6.2
Automatic data processing machines;optical
reader, etc
45,929 5.3
Parts & accesories of computers & office machines 28,206 3.3
Crude petroleum oils 27,508 3.2
Petroleum gases 22,125 2.6
Palm oil & its fraction 16,508 1.9
Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha etc 14,625 1.7
Diodes/transistors & similar semiconductor devices; etc 14,284 1.7
Printing machinery; machines for uses ancillary to
printing
11,492 1.3
Television camera, transmissn apparatus for radio-
telephony
11,490 1.3
Electric apparatus for line telp, inc current line sys 9,352 1.1
Parts & accessories of motor vehicles 8,825 1.0
Coal; briquettes, ovoids & similar solid fuels
manufactured from coal
7,622 0.9
Parts for television, radio, and radar apparatus 7,505 0.9
Other furniture and parts thereof 5,632 0.7
Motor cars (including station wagon) for transporting persons
5,458 0.6
Medicament mixtures (not 3002, 3005, 3006), put in
dosage
5,273 0.6
8542
2710
8471
8473
2709
2711
1511
4001
8541
8443
8525
8517
8708
2701
8529
9403
8703
Electrical apparatus for switching, not exceed 1000 volts 5,452 0.6 8536
3004
8803 Aircraft parts 5,129 0.6
Top 20 commodities 406,601 47.2
Others 455,449 52.8
Total 862,050 100.0
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 16
0303 ASEAN trade dependency
Table 14
Top 20 ASEAN exported commodities (based on 4-digit Harmonised System codes), 2007
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
HS Code Commodity Value Share (%)
8542 Electronic integrated circuits and
microassemblies
93,054 12.3
2710 Petroleum oils, not crude 54,073 7.2
8471 Automatic data processing machines;optical
reader, etc
11,762 1.6
8473 Parts & accessories of computers & office
machines
23,188 3.1
2709 Crude petroleum oils 51,904 6.9
8541 Diodes/transistors&similar semiconductor
devices; etc
8,754 1.2
8443 Printing machinery; machines for uses ancillary
to printing
7,414 1.0
8525 Television camera, transmissn apparatus for
radio-telephony
7,827 1.0
8517 Electric apparatus for line telp,including current line
system
9,739 1.3
8708 Parts & accessories of motor vehicles 6,993 0.9
2711 Petroleum gases 6,462 0.9
8529 Parts for television, radio, and radar apparatus 6,149 0.8
8479 Machines&mech appl having indiv functions, nes 5,782 0.8
8536 Electrical apparatus for switching, not exceed 1000 volts
5,573 0.7
8431 Machinery part (hd 84.25 to 84.30) 5,313 0.7
8803 Aircraft parts 5,240 0.7
7208 Flat-rolld products of iron/non-al/s
wdth>/=600mm,hr,not clad
5,212 0.7
7108 Gold unwrought or in semi-manuf forms 5,148 0.7
8802 Aircraft, (helicopter,aeroplanes) & spacecraft
(satellites)
5,110 0.7
8534 Printed circuits 4,969 0.7
Top 10 commodities 329,666 43.7
Others 424,340 56.3
Total 754,006 100.0
0303 ASEAN trade dependency
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 17
Table 15
Top 20 ASEAN imported commodities (based on 4-digit Harmonised System codes), 2007
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
HS Codes Share (%) Commodity HS Codes Share (%) Commodity
no share
above 75%
Australia
Canada
China
2715
2703
2305
5113
2612
2607
4704
2606
2601
2610
4005
2615
4101
94.1
98.6
95.5
94.4
94.4
94.2
89.6
87.7
87.2
84.2
82.9
77.2
75.6
Bituminous mixtures from..natural
asphalt, natural & petroleum
bitumen, mineral tar,
Peat (incl peat litter), w/n
agglomerated
Ground-nut oil-cake and other solid
residues
Woven fabrics of coarse animal hair
or of horsehair
Uranium or thorium ores and
concentrates
Lead ores and concentrates
Chemical wood pulp, sulphite, other
than dissolving grades
Aluminum ores and concentrates
Iron ores & concentrates; including
roasted iron pyrites
Chromium ores and concentrates
Compounded
rubber,unvulcanised,in primary
forms
Niobium, tantalum, vanadium or
zirconium ores and concentrates
Raw hides&skins of bovine/equine
animals
0205
0102
1002
2501
5101
1004
4701
0892
1529
3239
5002
2704
2003
2612
9501
5004
8110
5005
2938
6601
6603
100.0
96.3
90.9
90.0
89.4
81.7
80.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
92.6
89.8
89.5
89.2
88.7
87.4
87.4
85.9
84.4
84.1
83.3
Meat of horses, asses or
mules - fresh, chilled or
frozen
Live bovine animals
Rye
Salt
Wool, not carded or combed
Oats
Mechnical wood pulp
Edible fruit & nuts; citrus
fruit or melon peel, other
n.e.s
Animal or vegetable fats
and oils and their clevage
products; other n.e.s
Tanning or dyeing extracts;
tannins & derivatives; other
n.e.s
Raw silk (not thrown)
Coke & semicoke of..coal,
lignite, peat; retort carbon
Mushrooms&truffles,
prepared or preserved
Uranium or thorium ores
and concentrates
Wheeled toys designed to
be ridden by children and
dolls' carriages
Silk yarn (other than yarn
spun from silk waste)
Antimony and articles
thereof, including waste
and scrap
Yarn spun from silk waste,
not put up for retail sale
Glycosides & their salts,
ethers, esters & other
derivatives
Umbrellas and sun
umbrellas
Parts, trimmings and
acessories of art of heading
no 66.01 or 66.02
Trading
partner
country
Exports Imports
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 18
0303 ASEAN trade dependency
Table 16
Commodities with high significant share in ASEAN trade, 2007
Note : The table lists the commodities with share of above 75% of ASEAN export/import of those commodities.Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 19
HS Codes Share (%) Commodity HS Codes Share (%) Commodity
China
EU25 99.5
98.6
93.1
92.0
89.6
87.7
85.5
84.6
82.3
80.8
79.3
7004
0502
1007
2606
5113
5511
6907
7012
5109
8715
3406
3001
1210
0601
8603
0506
8601
8604
9301
9305
8602
3303
83.2
82.8
80.8
80.3
79.5
79.4
77.9
77.6
77.4
76.1
75.0
95.3
92.0
91.5
88.6
84.1
83.8
82.4
81.8
81.8
79.0
75.4
Exports ImportsTrading
partner
country
3001
2930
5306
1107
5109
9706
0208
8712
2922
4111
6801
Glands & extracts,
secretions for
organotherapeutic uses;
heparin & its salts; other
Organo-sulphur
compounds
Flax yarn
Malt, whether or not
roasted
Yarn of wool or of fine
animal hair, put up for
retail sale
Antiques of an age
exceeding one hundred
years
Meat and edible meat
offal nes
Bicycles & other cycles,
not motorised
Oxygen-function amino-
compounds
Composition leather, in
slabs, sheets or strips
Setts, curbstones and
flagstones, of natural
Drawn or blown glass, in sheets
Bristles, hair & waste of pigs,
hogs etc
Grain sorghum
Aluminum ores and concentrates
Woven fabrics of coarse animal
hair or of horsehair
Yarn of man-made staple fibres,
put up for retail sale
Unglazed ceram
flags&paving,hearth/wall tiles;
mosaic cube
Glass inners for vacuum flasks
Yarn of wool or of fine animal
hair, put up for retail sale
Baby carriages and parts thereof
Candles, tapers & the like
Glands & extracts, secretions for
organotherapeutic uses; heparin
& its salts; other
Hop cones, fresh or dried
Bulbs, tubers, corms, etc
Self-propeled railway/tramway
coache
Bones&horn-cores degelatinised
Rail locomotives powerd from an
ext source of electricity
Railway maintenance-of-way
service vehicles
Military weapons, other than
revolvers, pistols & arms of
heading no 93.07
Arm parts and accessories (of hd
93.01 to 93.04)
Rail locomotives, nes; locomotive
tenders
Perfumes and toilet waters
0303 ASEAN trade dependency
Table 16 (continued)
Commodities with high significant share in ASEAN trade, 2007
Note : The table lists the commodities with share of above 75% of ASEAN export/import of those commodities.Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
SITC Code Share (%) Commodity SITC Code Share (%) Commodity
2524 100 Asbestos 100
2616 Precious metal ores and
concentrates
4406 Railway or tramway sleepers
(cross-ties) of wood
8113 Cermets and articles thereof,
including waste and scrap
2830 Sulphides; polysulphides
7501 Nickel matte,nickel oxide sinters
2813 Sulphides of non-metals;
commercial phosphorus trisulphide
2518 Dolomite
6909 Ceramic ware for labor.,chemical
or techinal use, etc
7402 Unrefined copper; copper anodes
for electrolytic refining
8530 Electrical signallg/traffic control
equip for rlwy/road (o/t hd 8608)
0506 Bones&horn-cores degelatinised
8603 Self-propeled railway/tramway
coache
6106 Women's blouses & shirts, knitted
or crocheted
6104 Women's suits,dresses,skirt
etc&short, knit/croch
9302 Revolvers and pistols, other than
those of heading no 93.03 or 93.04
3406 Candles, tapers & the like
6207 75 Men's singlets, briefs, pyjamas,
bathrobes etc
1205 99.99 Rape or colza seeds, whether or
not broken
3201 Vegetable tanning extracts; tannins
& their salts
6502 80.92 Hat-shapes, plaited or made by
assembling strips of any material
0501 Human hair, unworked
no share above 75%
1502 83.34 Bovine,sheep&goat fats no share above 75%
100
0860
2846
7107
2705
2618
7111
5104
2512
2303
2702
8605
2305
0930
2808
98.33
97.28
97.18
96.01
91.58
83.04
83.58
82.01
80.31
90.39
82.75
77.48
no share above 75%
no share above 75% no share above 75%
Trading
partner
country
Exports Imports
no share above 75%
Japan
USA
India
New
Zealand
Pakistan
Republicof Korea
Russia
99.76
96.05
95.95
92.41
90.65
88.66
85.36
85.35
82.35
79.93
75.03
81.76
79.11
76.35
76.11
75.54
83.62
78.52
Edible fruit & nuts; citrus fruit or melon
peel, other n.e.s
Rare-earth metal compounds of yttrium
or scandium
Base metals clad with silver, nfw than
semi-manufactured
Coal gas,water gas,producer
gas,other than petroleum gases
Granulated slag from the manufacture
of iron or steel
Base metals, silver or gold, clad w plat,
nfw than semi-manufactured
Garnetted stock of wool or of fine or
coarse animal hair
Siliceou fossil meal & similar siliceous
earths
Beet-pulp, bagasse and brewing or
distilling dregs and waste
Lignite w/n agglomerated, excl jet
Railway passenger and special
purpose coaches, not self-propelled
Ground-nut oil-cake and other solid
residues
Coffee, tea, mate & spices; others
n.e.s
Nitric acid; sulphonitric acids
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 20
0303 ASEAN trade dependency
Table 16 (continued)
Commodities with high significant share in ASEAN trade, 2007
Note : The table lists the commodities with share of above 75% of ASEAN export/import of those commodities.Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
Trade dependency is more pronounced in a number of commodities. Nearly 100% of live bovine animals imports originates from Australia. Almost 100% of edible fruits, animal & vegetable fats comes from China.
More than 75% of ASEAN imports of perfume and railway locomotive originates from EU25.
More than 75% of women's blouses and suits exports goes to USA.
Almost all of ASEAN exports of ore & concentrates and aluminum ore and concentrates and uranium ores go to China.
Japan is an important destination of ASEAN exports of mining products (iron ore, nickel ore, ore & concentrates of precious metals).
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 21
0303 ASEAN trade dependency
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 22
0404 ASEAN trade liberalisation
ASEAN, 2.66
ASEAN-6, 1.59
CLMV, 4.24
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
in percent
Chart 1
Average tariff rates on imports from ASEAN, 2000-2007
Notes : Average tariff rates are based on the ASEAN Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT). 2007: Indonesia and Thailand used the ASEAN Harmonized Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN) 2007 while the others used AHTN 2002.
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database
Average tariff rates imposed by ASEAN 6 and CLMV countries on intra-ASEAN trade markedly declined, reaching 1.6% in ASEAN 6 and 4.2% in CLMV.
99.498.1
52.1
97.3
98.6
83.1
0.0
25.0
50.0
75.0
100.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
ASEAN-6 CLMV ASEAN
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 23
0404 ASEAN trade liberalisation
Chart 2
Percent of tariff lines in the ASEAN Common Effective Preferential Tariff* (CEPT) Inclusion List (IL)
More and more tariff lines were being added to the CEPT inclusion list (IL).
The percentage of items included in the CEPT IL of CLMV increased substantially from 52% in 2000 to 97.3% in 2007, approaching that of ASEAN 6, which reached 99.4% in 2007.
70.2
55.3
44.4
36.3
49.7
40.9
63.8
71.5
18.418.4
17.011.5
0
25
50
75
100
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
ASEAN (%) ASEAN-6 (%) CLMV (%)
ASEAN ASEAN-6 CLMV
bar chart: in percent
line chart: in absolute number
0404 ASEAN trade liberalisation
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 24
Chart 3
Percent of items in the ASEAN Common Effective Preferential Tariff* (CEPT) Inclusion List (IL) with 0 tariff
Notes : 1. Average tariff rates are based on the ASEAN Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT).2. For 2007, Indonesia and Thailand used the ASEAN Harmonized Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN) 2007 while the others
used AHTN 2002.Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
The number of items in the CEPT inclusion list with zero tariff in ASEAN 6 increased significantly in 2003 and continued to increase until 2007.
The growth in CLMV was more modest. In percentage terms, the growth in ASEAN 6 showed a break in 2005 and 2006 which was due to the rapid increase in the number of items in the CEPT IL.
“ P
erc
en
t “
“ Nu
mb
er in
IL “
Priority integration sector (goods) Unit/Scale 2003 2005 2006 2007
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total agro-based (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total rubber-based (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total wood-based (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total fisheries (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total textiles and apparel (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total electronics (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total automotive (%)
11,761
29.9
2.6
6,845
24.0
1.5
10,151
6.1
2.2
6,830
13.5
1.5
21,924
17.9
4.8
193,766
96.4
42.8
11,387
76.3
2.5
14,365
0.6
2.2
11,305
11.9
1.7
13,135
6.3
2.0
9,795
7.1
1.5
30,163
9.0
4.7
269,993
14.9
41.7
21,385
36.8
3.3
16,813
17.0
2.2
13,436
18.9
1.8
14,900
13.4
2.0
10,864
10.9
1.4
32,935
9.2
4.4
302,118
11.9
40.2
24,535
14.7
3.3
26,213
55.9
3.0
19,183
42.8
2.2
15,276
2.5
1.8
12,018
10.6
1.4
34,536
4.9
4.0
254,911
-15.6
29.6
35,292
43.8
4.1
Textiles and apparel
Electronics
Automotive
Agro-based
Rubber-based
Wood-based
Fisheries
0505 ASEAN trade in priority integration sectors
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 25
Table 17
Trend of ASEAN exports
Exports of electronic goods surpassed US$ 300 billion in 2006, which was around 40% of total ASEAN exports, but declined to US$ 255 billion in 2007. Exports in other priority integration sectors ranged from around US$ 12 billion to US$ 35 billion in 2007.
Exports of agro-based, rubber-based and automotive goods increased significantllty in 2003 and 2007, while exports of electronic goods, which also showed high growth in 2003, declined sharply in 2007.
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
Priority integration sector (goods) Unit/Scale 2003 2005 2006 2007
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total agro-based(%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total rubber-based(%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total wood-based (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total fisheries (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total textiles & apparel (%)
Value (US$ million) 72,552
Growth (%)
Share in total electronics (%)
Value (US$ million)
Growth (%)
Share in total automotive (%)
1,268
23.6
1.1
680
66.0
0.6
729
15.0
0.6
536
4.0
0.5
2,052
37.9
1.8
45,096
104.3
39.0
3,827
94.0
3.3
1,689
-5.4
1.0
1,257
39.8
0.8
932
10.6
0.6
787
2.2
0.5
3,015
29.9
1.8
66,477
28.0
40.6
8,486
54.6
5.2
2,174
28.7
1.1
1,741
38.5
0.9
1,022
9.6
0.5
821
4.3
0.4
3,261
8.2
1.7
9.1
38.4
8,583
1.1
4.5
3,107
42.9
1.4
2,391
37.3
1.1
977
-4.4
0.4
1,026
24.9
0.5
3,440
5.5
1.6
62,298
-14.1
28.4
11,009
28.3
5.0
Textiles and apparel
Electronics
Automotive
Agro-based
Rubber-based
Wood-based
Fisheries
0505 ASEAN trade in priority integration sectors
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 26
Table 18
Trend of intra-ASEAN exports
Source : ASEAN Trade Statistics Database as of July 2008
Intra-ASEAN trade is significant only in the electronics sector comprising around 40% of ASEAN total electronics trade during 2003-2006. Its share declined to 28.4% in 2007.
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 27
0606 ASEAN foreign direct investment
Indicator 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007
Value of FDI inflow (US $ million)
Total 22,406.3 23,541.3 24,234.7 39,085.6 50,964.3
Intra-ASEAN 2,730.8 761.9 2,702.0 4,055.1 8,331.6
Rest of the World 19,432.6 22,964.9 21,364.7 34,357.5 41,574.7
Unspecified 242.9 -185.5 168.0 673.0 1,058.0
Share in Total FDI inflow (%)
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Intra-ASEAN 12.2 3.2 11.1 10.4 16.3
Rest of the World 86.7 97.6 88.2 87.9 81.6
Unspecified 1.1 -0.8 0.7 1.7 2.1
61,525.2
8,180.1
52,437.1
908.0
100.0
13.3
85.2
1.5
Table 19
Trend of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in ASEAN
Note : 2007 data are preliminary as of 21 August 2008.Source : ASEAN Investment Statistics Database as of 21 August 2008
Total FDI inflow increased to US$ 61.5 billion in 2007 from US$ 22 billion in 1998.
About 85% of FDI inflows to ASEAN in 2007 came from the rest of the world, while-intra-ASEAN FDI inflow was less than 15%.
0606 ASEAN foreign direct investment
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 28
Host Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007Share in
2007
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
Total ASEAN 100.0
CLMV
ASEAN 6
573
243
-356
45
2,714
683
1,718
7,594
7,491
1,700
22,406
2,672
19,735
549
149
-4,550
34
3,788
208
2,240
16,485
3,350
1,289
23,541
1,679
21,862
3,123
84
-596
20
2,473
291
491
11,664
5,235
1,450
24,235
1,845
22,390
289
381
8,336
28
3,965
236
1,854
13,929
8,048
2,021
39,086
2,666
36,420
434
483
4,914
187
6,060
428
2,345
24,744
9,010
2,360
50,964
3,458
47,506
260
867
6,928
324
8,401
258
2,928
25,317
9,503
6,739
61,525
8,187
53,339
0.4
1.4
11.3
0.5
13.7
0.4
4.8
41.1
15.4
11.0
13.3
86.7
Table 20
Trend of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in ASEAN by host country (in US$ million)
Notes : 1. CLMV comprise Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam.2. ASEAN 6 consist of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.3. 2007 data is preliminary as of 21 August 2008.
Source : ASEAN Investment Statistics Database as of 21 August 2008
In 2007, 41% of FDI inflows to ASEAN went to Singapore, 15% to Thailand and between 11% to 14% to Malaysia, Indonesia and Viet Nam.
In the same year, ASEAN 6 received around 87% of FDI inflows to ASEAN while CLMV received about 13%.
0606 ASEAN foreign direct investment
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 29
Source Country 1998 2000 2003 2005 2006 2007Share in
2007
ASEAN
USA
EU25
Japan
China
Republic of Korea
Australia
New Zealand
India
Pakistan
Russia
Canada
Rest of the World
Unspecified
Total
2,731
3,222
5,553
3,938
291
91
-302
25
93
3
0
-207
6,726
243
22,406
762
7,293
13,469
503
-133
-42
-303
43
80
4
0
-398
2,450
-186
23,541
2,702
1,495
6,679
3,908
187
550
157
88
102
2
0
101
8,096
168
24,235
4,055
4,820
10,595
6,165
533
541
269
452
391
3
0
11
10,577
673
39,086
8,332
2,342
8,740
10,723
1,066
1,275
328
-254
-286
10
2
-646
18,275
1,058
50,964
8,180
5,109
14,318
8,897
1,032
2,718
1,008
45
641
22
31
-161
18,780
908
61,525
13.3
8.3
23.3
14.5
1.7
4.4
1.6
0.1
1.0
0.0
0.1
-0.3
30.5
1.5
100.0
Table 21
Trend of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in ASEAN by source country (in US$ million)
Note : 2007 data are preliminary as of 21 August 2008.Source : ASEAN Investment Statistics Database as of 21 August 2008
EU25 and Japan are the perennial top two sources of FDI inflows to ASEAN, followed by ASEAN Member States and USA.
In 2007, EU25 contributed around 23% of FDI inflows to ASEAN, followed by Japan with 15%; ASEAN, 13%; and USA, 8%.
Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia Myanmar Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEAN
ASEAN 6
CLMV
Share (%)
ASEAN
ASEAN 6
CLMV
944
701
4,371
636
10,577 597
1,907
6,127
10,082
2,429
38,371
34,008
4,363
100.0
88.6
11.4
119
1,055
5,321
895
15,703 657
2,291
8,375
11,737
2,928
49,082
43,546
5,535
100.0
88.7
11.3
127
1,422
5,002
1,095
16,431 660
2,623
8,942
11,517
3,468
51,288
44,642
6,645
100.0
87.0
13.0
158
1,700
4,871
1,215
18,472
653
2,688
9,752
13,822
3,583
56,914
49,763
7,152
100.0
87.4
12.6
179
2,015
5,506
1,624
20,236
732
3,092
10,205
15,749
4,150
63,487
54,967
8,521
100.0
86.6
13.4
0707 ASEAN tourism
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 30
Table 22
Trend of tourist arrivals in ASEAN by host country (thousand)
Notes : 1. Starting 2004, Brunei Darussalam applies a new methodology in collecting tourist arrival data.2. CLMV comprise Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam.3. ASEAN 6 consist of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
Source : ASEAN Tourism Database (through the ASEAN National Tourism Organizations)
More than 20 million tourists visited Malaysia and almost 16 million went to Thailand in 2007. Singapore played host to over 10 million tourist arrivals, while Indonesia received around 5 million.
Collectively, ASEAN 6 got about 87% of all tourists who visited ASEAN in 2007 while CLMV had 14%.
Notes : 1. Starting 2004, Brunei Darussalam applies a new methodology in collecting tourist arrival data.2. CLMV comprise Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam.3. ASEAN 6 consist of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
Source : ASEAN Tourism Database (through the ASEAN National Tourism Organizations)
Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEAN
ASEAN 6
CLMV
6.0
-10.9
-11.0
-13.5
-20.4
174.9
-1.3
-19.0
-6.6
-7.6
-12.3
-13.7
-0.1
-
50.5
21.7
40.6
48.5
10.0
20.1
36.7
16.4
20.6
27.9
26.9
6.5
7.0
34.7
-6.0
22.4
4.6
0.5
14.5
6.8
-1.9
18.4
4.5
20.1
19.8
24.5
19.6
-2.6
11.0
12.4
-1.1
2.5
9.1
20.0
3.3
11.0
7.6
7.9
12.9
18.5
13.0
33.6
9.6
12.1
15.0
4.7
13.9
15.8
11.5
19.1
19.0
0707 ASEAN tourism
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 31
Table 23
Rate of growth of tourist arrivals in ASEAN (percent)
2006 2007 2006 2007
43.0
5.6
6.2
2.9
5.8
12.3
4.0
3.8
ASEAN
Republic of Korea
China
India
Japan
Europe
USA
Australia
TOTAL
25,397
3,353
3,335
1,470
3,368
6,428
2,490
2,063
56,914
27,309
3,539
3,926
1,814
3,701
7,800
2,537
2,434
63,487
44.6
5.9
5.9
2.6
5.9
11.3
4.4
3.6
16.4 Rest of the World 9,012 10,426 15.8
100.0 100.0
Country of OriginTourist arrival (000) Share
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 32
0707 ASEAN tourism
Table 24
Tourist arrivals in ASEAN by country of origin
Notes : 1. Starting 2004, Brunei Darussalam applies a new methodology in collecting tourist arrival data.2. CLMV comprise Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam.3. ASEAN 6 consist of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
Source : ASEAN Tourism Database (through the ASEAN National Tourism Organizations)
More than 40% of tourist arrivals in ASEAN come from ASEAN Member States themselves.
Europe is the next largest source of tourists to ASEAN contributing around 12% of the total, followed by China, Japan and the Republic of Korea, each taking up around 6% of all inbound tourists.
Country 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEAN
63.5
0.2
2.5
0.1
69.0
0.0
11.3
191.2
8.3
0.1
3.2
77.7
0.3
4.4
0.4
128.3
0.0
14.6
240.5
21.4
1.3
6.2
90.4
0.5
9.2
1.1
213.9
0.0
20.1
323.6
37.4
2.5
23.8
128.8
0.7
20.1
1.9
265.5
0.0
25.6
411.5
57.0
12.7
35.9
155.1
2.2
21.2
2.7
319.7
0.0
44.0
504.4
76.7
18.5
45.6
199.3
2.5
37.6
3.3
345.0
0.2
49.3
511.9
95.5
37.8
59.3
301.3
2.8
50.4
3.6
386.2
0.2
53.2
578.7
109.5
76.3
74.7
360.8
3.1
71.8
4.2
423.7
0.6
54.8
397.9
113.4
127.2
91.9
- 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
Internet subscribers/users per 1000 persons
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0808 ASEAN telecommunications
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 33
Table 25
Main internet subscribers/users per 1000 persons
Source: ASEAN telecommunications agencies (as published on official websites and publications)
Chart 4. Main internet subscribers/users per 1000 persons in ASEAN
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200
Brunei Darussalam
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Thailand
Celullar phone per 1000 persons
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
0808 ASEAN telecommunications
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 34
Country 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
143 152 207 350 420 406 507 566 623 665
3 5 7 10 18 25 35 60 76 79
5 11 12 18 25 55 86 136 211 283
1 1 2 2 5 10 20 35 108 -
84 89 120 220 314 377 444 571 752 755
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 -
19 24 38 84 156 194 278 399 413 492
196 260 457 591 692 778 858 954 1,008 1,093
18 17 19 50 39 26 346 430 485 630
3 4 - 10 15 24 33 60 114 182
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEAN 14 17 22 42 61 96 150 209 265 373
Table 26
Cellular/mobile phone density (number of units per 1000 persons)
Source : ASEAN telecommunications agencies (as published on official websites and publications)
Chart 5. Celllular/mobile density (number of units per 1000 persons)
The number of cellular/mobile phone units per 1,000 persons continue to increase even in Singapore, Malaysia and Philippines, but the disparity is quite wide among the countries.
Cambodia
Lao PDR
Myanmar
Singapore
Viet Nam
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia3/
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar 2/
Philippines1/
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam 2/
ASEAN
12.3
9.2
12.8
11.6
32.7
12.4
5.4
6.3
32.4
15.4
38.2
28.2
38.0
30.4
26.5
34.6
20.8
22.0
29.2
28.9
41.8
51.7
41.2
47.9
20.5
43.9
55.8
54.7
21.2
42.7
4.2
5.9
4.2
5.8
12.3
4.8
9.4
7.5
9.4
7.0
3.6
5.0
3.8
4.3
8.0
4.3
8.5
9.6
7.8
6.1
Total
12.8 26.7 54.3 3.5 2.7 100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CountryAge Group/In percent
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 35
0-4 5-19 20-54 55-64 >65
Table 27
Distribution of ASEAN population by age group, 2006
Notes : Applying 2000 age structure.Applying 2003 age structure.Applying 2005 age structure.
Source : ASEAN Secretariat Yearbook 2007
1.2.3.
Notes : 1. Refers to % of population living in households with consumption or income per person below the poverty line which is $65.48 per month, twice World Bank's $1 per day poverty line; based on PPP rates for consumption in 1993 as estimated by the World Bank's Development Data Group except for Viet Nam which has data concerns about the 1993 consumption PPP.
2. Data are not available for Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar and Singapore.Source : Poverty Rates; Povca/Net, The World Bank at
http//iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcaINet/jsp/CCoiceControl.jsp?WDI_Year=2007 Retrieved April 11, 2008
Country 2003 2004 2005
Brunei Darussalam NA NA NA
Cambodia 91.81 89.82 89.19
Indonesia 52.89 48.48 49.14
Lao PDR 74.21 67.69 74.82
Malaysia 8.91 6.24 -
Myanmar
Philippines 43.87 43.87 43.17
Singapore NA NA NA
NA NA NA
Thailand 22.81 20.79 15.76
Viet Nam 33.18 21.89 16.25
ASEAN (%) 43.63 38.89 37.10
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 36
Table 28
Percentage of population living under PPP $2 a day
Around 41.1% of the population or 199 million people in ASEAN were found to be living below the PPP $2 per day in 2003. The percentage however had declined to 37.1% or around 185 million in 2005.
While the percentage of people below the PPP $2 in Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR and the Philippines had decreased, the figure remained high at between 40% to 90% in 2005.
Country 2000 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam - - -
Cambodia 35.9 - 34.7 f
Indonesia 19.0 17.4 16.0
Lao PDR 38.6 32.7 -
Malaysia 7.5 5.1d -
Myanmar 26.6 - -
Philippines 33.0 30.0 32.9g
Singapore - - -
Thailand 14.20 9.8d 12.0
Viet Nam 37.0
a
b
a
e
c 28.9d 19.5 f
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 37
Table 29
Percentage of poor population based on national poverty lines
Notes : 1. 1999; 1996; 1998; 2002; 2001; 2004; 2006. 2. Brunei Darussalam and Singapore do not have poverty data.Sources : Asian Development Bank, Key Indicators 2007, unless otherwise specified; UN Statistics, MDG indicators (Viet Nam
2002); Myanmar Household Income and Expenditures Survey (Myanmar 2001); ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2004 (Indonesia 2003); ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2005 (2000 figures for Indonesia, Thailand, Viet Nam, Malaysia, Lao PDR, Cambodia and Myanmar); Indonesia, BPS (2005 data); and Philippines, National Statistical Coordination Board.
a b c d e f g
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam 0.413 0.413
Cambodia 0.403c 0.381
Indonesia 0.320 0.343
Lao PDR 0.326 -
Malaysia 0.485b 0.462c
Myanmar 0.300e -
Philippines 0.461 0.458d
Singaporea 0.458 0.468
Thailand 0.418b 0.418d
Viet Nam 0.420b 0.420c
ASEAN NA NA
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 38
Table 30
Gini coefficient (percent)
Notes : Measures the degree of inequality in monthly income from work per household member among employed households; 2002; 2004; 2006; 2001.
Sources: Brunei Darussalam MDG's 2005 (1997/98 HES); Cambodia, CSES 2004; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar, Household Income and Expenditure Survey, 2001; Philippines, Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES), National Statistics Office; Thailand, National Statistical Office; Singapore, Singapore Department of Statistics; Indonesia, Analisis Dan Penghitungan Kemiskinan 2006, BPS; Lao PDR, Lao Expenditure and Consumption Survey (LECS) 3 (2002/3), National Statistics Centre (NSC); and Viet Nam, Viet Nam Households Living Standards Survey (VHLSS).
ab c d e
In general, income distribution in ASEAN Member States is moderately high with Gini coefficient of around 40%, but improving in most countries.
Notes : First revision Population Projections for Cambodia 1998-2020, NIS/UNFPA;Data from HDR were obtained because data provided are only for urban-rural; Weighted average of country figures using population weights;Preliminary estimate; andResidents only.
Sources : UNDP Human Development Reports (HDR) for Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam; Indonesia, BPS, Population Projection 2000-2020; Lao PDR, National Statistical Centre, Population and Housing Census 2005 (2005) and UNDP HDR (2003); Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Singapore, Department of Statistics; Brunei data by sex, Department. of Economic Planning and Development; Cambodia by sex, First Revision Population Projections for Cambodia, 1998-2020, National Institute of Statistics/UNFPA; Philippines, National Statistics Office; and Thailand, National Statistics Office.
a b c d e
2003 2005 2006 2003 2005 2006 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam 77.4 77.3 77.3 74.4 74.2 74.2 76.4 76.7
Cambodiaa 62.7 64.1 64.9 56.5 57.9 58.6 - -
Indonesia 70.3 71.1 71.5 66.9 67.1 67.5 68.2 69.0
Lao PDR 55.9 63.0 - 53.4 59.0 - 54.7 61.0
Malaysia 75.6 76.2d 76.3 70.9 71.5d 71.8 73.1 73.7d
Myanmarb 63.1 64.2 - 57.5 57.6 - 60.2 60.8
Philippines 70.1 70.1 71.6 64.1 64.1 66.1 67.1 67.1
Singaporee 81.6 82.5 81.8 76.6 77.6 78.0 79.1 80.1
Thailand 75.0 75.0 75.1 67.9 67.9 68.2 70.0 69.6
Viet Nam 72.6 75.7 - 68.6 71.9 71.3 70.5 73.7
ASEANc
70.1 72.1 - 65.5 67.3 - 68.0 69.1
CountryFemale Male Both Sexes
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 39
Table 31
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Notes : Residents only; 2000; 2006. Sources : Brunei Darussalam, Ministry of Health, Department of Immigration and National Registration; Lao PDR, National
Statistical Centre website; Philippines, 2003 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) and Family Planning Survey, National Statistics Office; Indonesia, BPS Laporan Perkembangan Pencapaian MDG; Singapore, Immigration & Checkpoint Authority (ICA) Department of Statistics (DOS), Administrative Records; Thailand, National Statistics Office; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar, (Vital Registration System), Central Statistical Organization; Cambodia, First Revision Population Projections for Cambodia 1998-2020, NIS/UNFPA; and Viet Nam, General Statistics Office.
a b c
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam 9.5 7.4
Cambodia 80.0 73.0
Indonesia 34.7 30.8
Lao PDR 82.2b 70.0
Malaysia 6.6 6.7
Myanmar 45.3 45.1
Philippines 29.0 24.0c
Singaporea 2.5 2.1
Thailand 7.2 7.6
Viet Nam 18.0 16.0
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 40
Table 32
Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births)
Table 33
Percentage of government health expenditure in total government expenditure
Note : 2004 data.Sources : Brunei Darussalam, Treasury Department; Cambodia, Ministry of Health; Indonesia, Ministry of Finance; Malaysia,
Department of Statistics; Philippines, Philippine National Health Accounts, National Statistical Coordination Board; Singapore, Ministry of Health; Thailand, National Statistical Office; Viet Nam, NGTK 2006 (Statistical Yearbook 2006); and Myanmar Planning Department.
a
Country 2003 2005
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Singapore
Thailand
7.80
1.28
12.02
0.40
7.00
9.30
Brunei Darussalam 4.56 3.26
9.40
2.64
13.62
0.30
Philippines 7.31 7.11
6.20
11.20
Viet Nam 2.96 2.81a
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 41
--
Notes : Computed by DOH using different population data; 2004; ASEAN figures excludes Lao PDR and Singapore; The incidence was 2.9 and 3.9 per100,000 population in 2003 and 2005 respectively.
Sources: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, and Indonesia Ministry of Health; Lao PDR, CMPE; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar, National Malaria Control Program; Philippines, Department of Health, Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS) (cited from Philippines Health Statistics, 2002 and 2003); Singapore, Ministry of Health; Thailand, National Statistics Office; and Viet Nam, Ministry of Health, NGTK 2006 (Statistical Yearbook 2006).
a b c d
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Singapored
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEAN c
4.9
960.0
87.0
-b
13.5
-
31.6
165.0
230.0
4.1
600.0
83.0
-
24.0 21.0
9.3
Philippinesa 36.5 43.3
-
45.2
107.0
172.0
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 42
Table 34
Prevalence rate of malaria (number of cases per 100,000 population)
Notes : Computed by the Department of Health using different population data; ASEAN estimates excludes Lao PDR and Singapore; 2002; 2004; 2006 estimate; The incidence was 41.7 per 100.000 population in 2003 and 37.9 per 100.000 population in 2005.
Sources: Ministry of Health of Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, and Indonesia; Lao PDR, NTBC; Malaysia, Department of Health; Myanmar, WHO Annual Report 2007 / NTP Annual Report 2006, Department of Health; Philippines, Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS) (cited from Philippines Health Statistics, 2002 and 2003), Department of Health; Singapore, Ministry of Health; Thailand, National Statistics Office; and Viet Nam, General Statistics Office.
a b c d e f
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia c
Indonesia
Lao PDR e
Malaysia d
Myanmar
Philippinesa 159
Singaporef
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEANb
58
269
50
-
60
55
118
-
55
-
69
42
250
119
4269
61
72
-
52
-
111
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 43
Table 35
Prevalence rate of tuberculosis (number of cases per 100,000 population)
Notes : Per 1000 population of under 14 years old; Excludes Lao PDR as data is incomplete; 2004.Sources: Brunei Darussalam, Ministry of Health; Cambodia, Ministry of Health; Indonesia, Health Profile of Indonesia, Ministry of
Health; Lao PDR, NLEC; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar, Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme, Department of Health; Philippines, Department of Health, Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS) (cited from Philippine Health Statistics, 2002 and 2003); Singapore: Ministry of Health; Thailand, National Statistics Office; and Viet Nam, Ministry of Health.
a b c
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR c
Malaysia c
Myanmar a
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEANb
0.46
1.03
0.24
-
0.50
46.15
0.22
1.16
1.00
0.43
0.37
0.18
0.70
0.43
1.15
0.61
104.90
0.24
3.33
0.71
0.60
0.45
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 44
Table 36
Incidence of dengue (number of cases per 1000 population)
Notes : 2000 data; 2004 data; 2006 data; 2006 data males only.Sources: Brunei Darussalam, Ministry of Health; Cambodia, Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2000 and 2005;
Indonesia, BPS, Laporan Hasil Survey Garam Yodium; Lao PDR, Multi Indicators cluster Survey 2006; Malaysia, ADN Key Indicators 2007; Myanmar, Multi Indicators Cluster Survey, Department of Health Planning; Philippines, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, National Nutrition Survey; Thailand, National Statistics Office; and Viet Nam, Ministry of Health.
a b c d
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia a
Indonesia
Lao PDRd
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines c
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
1.0
45.0
30.0
-
11.0
31.8
26.9
-
8.7
28.4
0.9
36.0
28.0
39.9
-
-
24.6
-
2.8
26.6b
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 45
Table 37
Percentage of children less than 5 years old underweight for age
Notes : Rough estimates only, based on rates from HDRs and population estimates from UN Statistics, World PopulationProspects; age range 5-24 was used to calculated the numbers of enrolees; Preliminary UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimate, subject to further revision; Data refer to an earlier year other than that specified; UNESCO Institute for Statistics 2003a. Estimates are based on outdated census or household survey information and should be interpreted with caution; National of UNESCO estimate; Year other than that specified; includes private educational Institute.
Sources: UNDP Human Development Report 2005 and 2007/2008 and Singapore Ministry of Education.
a b c
d e
f g
2003 2005 2003 2005 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEAN
75
54
65
55
73
49
75
72
61
67
79
56
67
56
77
51
93
72
62
68
72
64
67
67
68
48
90
72
67
68
76
64
70
67
72
48
94
71
66
69
74
59
66
61
71
48
89
73
64
67
78
60
68
61
74
49
Philippines 83 83 80 79 82 81
94
71
63
68
CountryFemale Male Both Sexes
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 46
Table 38
Combined enrolment ratio at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels
e
e
f
e
g
e
g
d
d
d
c
g
b
b
g b
b
More than two-thirds of primary, secondary and tertiary school-age children in ASEAN were enrolled in 2005.
The 2005 enrolment ratio improved in nearly all countries in ASEAN, with significant improvements recorded in Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia and Myanmar.
a
Notes : Computed using the population estimates of population 15 & above from UN Population Division World Population Prospect, 2006 Revision; 2001; 2002 data; 2004 data; 1995-2005 Several estimates are the latest for the period 1995-2005.
Sources : Brunei Darussalam, (2003) Population Census 2001, Department of Economic Planning and Development; Indonesia, BPS; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar Department of Education Planning and Training; Philippines, Functional Literacy, Education, and Mass Media Survey (for 2003); Singapore, Department of Statistics; Thailand, (2005) Bureau of Policy and Strategy; Viet Nam, General Statistical Office; UNDP HDR 2005 for 2003 for Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand (2003 data), and Philippines (2005); Cambodia, Cambodia Socioeconomic Survey 2004; and Thailand data by sex, UNDP Human Development Reports.
a b c d e
2003 2005 2006 2003 2005 2006 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam c d b d
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR d
Malaysia d
Myanmar
Singapore
Thailand d
Viet Nam c d c d
ASEANa
90.2
60.2
86.2
60.9
87.8
91.8
91.4
90.5
89.3
85.9
90.2
71.2
88.4
60.9
88.4
93.7
92.7
90.5
90.2
87.4e
91.5
-
89.4
-
-
91.4
93.3
-
-
-
95.2
81.1
93.5
78.0
89.3
92.6
97.1
97.5
94.7
92.8
95.2
d
d
87.8
94.3
82.5
94.7
94.5
97.4
94.9
95.9
93.3e
95.8
-
94.6
-
-
92.2
97.5
-
-
-
92.7
73.6
89.8
68.7
91.3
92.2
94.3
92.6
92.1
90.0
92.7
78.7
90.9
72.7
91.6
94.1
Philippines d dd93.9 92.7 - 92.5 92.5 - 93.2 92.6
95.1
93.5
93.0
91.5 e
CountryFemale Male Total
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 47
Table 39
Adult literacy rate 15 years old and above (percent)
db
Literacy rate has improved in most countries, for both females and males but more pronounced among females.
In 2006, literacy rate was in general above 90%, both for females and males, except in Cambodia and Lao PDR and among females in Indonesia.
Significant improvement has been recorded among females in Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar and Viet Nam.
Notes : Gross primary enrolment is used; Does not include private schools; Estimated by UN MDG Indicators; In MDG Indicators, Philippines's data for 2003 is 94.3; 2005 is 94.4; 2001 data; 2002 data; 2004 data; 2006.
Sources : Brunei Darussalam, Government and Private Schools Administrative Data; Cambodia, Planning Department. Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport; Indonesia, BPS; Lao PDR, UN Statistics, MDG Indicators; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar, Department of Education Planning and Training; Philippines, Department of Education Basic Education Information System; Singapore, Ministry of Education; Thailand, National Statistical Office; and Viet Nam, UN Statistics Division, MDG Indicators.
a b c d e f g h
2003 2005 2006 2003 2005 2006 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
a
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia bg bg bg h
Myanmar
Singapore
Thailand
90.6
90.7
93.3
81.2
100.0
81.1
97.0
91.2 h
89.6
93.0
93.3
85.9
100.0
81.4
97.5
95.0h h
Viet Nam
93.9
88.6
92.6
81.7
95.8
79.8
94.5
92.0e
87.7
91.0
93.5
-
-
81.6
94.4
86.0
-
93.8
91.5
92.5
88.2
94.9
79.4
95.0
97.6 e
87.7
93.2
93.8
-
-
82.7
94.9
90.0
-
93.8
90.1
92.6
85.0
95.1
79.6
94.9
106.5
93.1f
90.1
91.3
93.3
83.6
100.0
81.3
Philippines 85.4 83.689.7 - 87.8 - 88.7 84.4
97.3
104.2
87.8
CountryFemale Male Both Sexes
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 48
- -
--
Table 40
Net primary enrolment rate (percent)
Notes : Negative drop-out rate was attributed to the big increase in enrolment in the first year of the secondary level due to the Bridge Program of DeptED.
Sources: Brunei Darussalam, Government and Private Schools Administrative Data; Cambodia, Planning Department MoEYS; Indonesia, Rangkuman Persekolahan, Ministry of Education; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar, Dept. of Education Planning and Training; Philippines, DepED basic Education Information System; Singapore, Ministry of Education.
a
2003 2005 2003 2005 2003 2005
Cambodia
Indonesia -
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines a a a
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
1.82
17.20
-
20.30
0.03
27.70
4.47
0.44
-
-
19.70
17.30
0.03
27.10
-1.7
0.35
-
-
12.80
-
12.40
0.01
29.10
3.81
7.00
-
-
16.00
-
17.00
0.02
27.60
-3.42
0.50
-
-
14.90
29.98
15.99
0.02
4.15
0.57
-
-
Brunei Darussalam 1.11 2.02 0.10 1.93 0.58
17.80
20.27
17.13
0.02
-2.55
0.43
-
-
CountryFemale Male Both Sexes
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 49
-
Table 41
Drop-out rate from primary to secondary level (percent)
2003 2005 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam a
Cambodia 2.7
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines f
Singapore b
Thailand
Viet Nam
ASEAN d
20052003
6.2
-
13.0
-
4.0
4.7
10.3
5.3
2.1
-
9.4
6.3
15.0
1.2
4.0
4.6
7.3
4.5
1.7
-
9.7
3.3
-
8.0
-
3.6
3.6
10.1
5.1
2.2
-
7.1
2.9
1.9
9.0
1.3
3.4
3.7
7.4
3.9
1.9
-
7.3
4.5
-
10.0
-
3.6
4.0
10.1
5.2
2.2
5.8
8.0
4.3
2.3
11.0
1.3
3.5
4.0
7.4
4.1
1.8
5.3
8.2
CountryFemale Male Both Sexes
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 50
Table 42
Unemployment rate by gender (percent)
Notes : Aged 15 to 64 years; Resident Unemployment rate (annual average) Resident refers to Singapore citizen and Singapore Permanent Resident; Urban; Estimates do not include Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam due to unavailability of basic data; 2004 data; National Statistics Office's (NSO) definition of unemployment for 2005 differs from that of 2003.
Sources : Brunei Darussalam, Department of Economic Planning and Development; Cambodia, Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey 2004 (CSES2004); Indonesia, BPS; Lao PDR Population and Housing Census 2005, National Statistical Centre; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar Labour Force Survey, Department of Labour; Philippines, Labour Force Survey (LFS) October round, National Statistics Office; Singapore, Labour Force Survey / General Household Survey 2005; Thailand, The Labor Force Survey, National Statistics Office; and Viet Nam, NGKT2006 (Statistical Yearbook 2006).
a b c d
e f
e e e
Unemployment rate has decreased in all countries except Indonesia. The average unemployment rate for the region was, however, higher in 2005 (8.23%) than in 2003 (7.97%) because the increase in Indonesia out-weighed the decline in all other countries.
In general, females have higher unemployment rates than males, most notably in Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia. In 2005, unemployment rate for females was 9.7% compared to 7.32% for males.
2003 2005 2003 2005 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
59.2
-
-
85.3
47.7
-
51.1
53.9
65.1
-
59.1
-
-
-
45.9
-
-
56.6
65.0
-
79.5
-
-
83.4
82.1
-
83.4
75.8
81.1
-
79.6
-
-
-
80.0
-
-
78.2
81.5
-
69.8
-
67.8
84.4
-
-
67.1
64.2
73.1
-
70.0
-
68.0
-
-
-
64.8
67.4
73.0
-
CountryFemale Male Both Sexes
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 51
Table 43
Labour force participation rate by gender (percent)
Source : ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2007
Notes : Data refer to resident population aged 15-24 years as of June each year, data for 2005 is obtained from the General Household Survey which is not comparable with those from LFS due to differences in coverage and methodology; at June each year; 2001 data; 2004 data ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2007.
Sources: Brunei Darussalam, Department of Economic Planning and Development (Population Census 2001); Cambodia, Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey 2004 (CSES2004); Indonesia, BPS; Lao PDR, Population and Housing Census 2005, National Statistical Centre; Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Philippines, Labor Force Survey (LFS) October round, National Statistics Office; Singapore, Labour Force Survey / General Household Survey 2005; and Thailand, The Labor Force Survey, National Statistics Office.
a b
c d
2003 2005 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam c c c
Cambodia d d d
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singaporeab
Thailand
Viet Nam
34.8
-
30.02
35.01
-
29.90
31.50
41.30
-
2005
-
73.20
26.85
60.94
31.40
-
29.84
29.70
40.80
-
2003
39.99
-
46.59
48.25
-
50.69
36.50
52.90
-
-
75.90
43.45
60.69
44.12
-
48.98
31.70
53.40
-
37.32
-
37.12
41.72
-
40.55
34.10
47.18
-
CountryFemale Male Both Sexes
-
74.70
35.13
66.81
37.87
39.60
30.80
47.18
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 52
Table 44
Employment to population ratio of 15-24 year olds (percent)
-
-
Brunei
Darussalam
(1995)
Cambodia (2004)
Indonesia (2007) Lao PDR
2.04
60.30 43.66
5.78
9.50 12.39
50.42
2.60 4.51
Wholesales & Retail Trade, Restaurants, & 15.63
14.50 19.91
Transportation, Storage, Communication 5.71
2.60 5.71
Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and 6.80
0.40 1.28
5.65
9.70 11.23
Others (Mining & Quarrying, Electricity, 7.95 0.40 1.30
Myanmar (1996)
Philippines(2006)
Singapore(2006)
Thailand(2006)
66.58 36.66 -
8.76 9.08 20.73
2.10 4.90 10.24
Wholesales & Retail Trade, Restaurants, & 9.72 21.51 20.46
Transportation, Storage, Communication 2.62 7.45 10.10
Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and 7.86 3.58 12.36
1.51 16.05 25.45
Others (Mining & Quarrying, Electricity, 0.85 0.78 0.66
Viet Nam(2006)
Agriculture, Fishery & Forestry
Manufacturing
Construction
Hotels
Business Services
Public Services
Gas & Water, Unknown)
Agriculture, Fishery & Forestry
Manufacturing
Construction
Hotels
Business Services
Public Services
Gas & Water, Unknown)
Country
CountryMalaysia
(2006)
- 15.80
- 19.80
- 8.70
- 21.90
- 5.20
- 7.30
- 20.40
- 0.80
100.00 100.00 100.00 Total - 100.00
42.00 55.65
14.70 14.30
5.10 4.60
21.40 13.51
3.00 2.60
2.70 -
10.40 4.17
0.70 5.18
100.00 100.00 100.00Total 100.00 100.00
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 53
Table 45
Employment by sector (percent)
Note : Singapore data is limited to Singapore residents only.Source : ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2007
CountryIndonesia
(2004)
Malaysia
(2005)
Philippines
(2006)
Singapore
(2006)
Thailand
(2005)
Professionals, technical and related workers
Administrative, executive and managerial
workers
Clerical and related workers
Sales workers and services workers
Agricultural, animal husbandry and forestry
workers, fishermen and hunters
Production and related workers, transport
equipment operators and labourers
Others
Total
3.10
0.20
4.80
17.90
51.40
22.60
-
100.00
17.80
7.20
9.70
14.30
13.40
25.80
11.80
100.00
7.08
11.67
4.71
17.67
18.87
39.54
0.44
99.99
32.06
14.97
14.00
12.01
23.24
3.72
100.00
7.88
7.12
3.51
24.08
36.05
8.27
13.09
100.00
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 54
-
Table 46
Employment by occupation (percent)
Notes : Singapore data is limited to Singapore residents onlySource : ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2007
Notes : Percentage of households; The figure is the one produced and provided by the country, but adjusted by the international agency for international comparability-that is to comply with the internationally agreed standards, definitions and classifications (age group, ISCED, etc) - MDG Indicators, UN Stats; 2002 data; 2004 data.
Sources: Brunei Darussalam, Public Works Department, estimated; Cambodia, Ministry of Environment, Cambodia Inter-censal Population Survey 2004; Indonesia, BPS; Lao PDR, National Statsitical Centre; Malaysia, Myanmar (2005 figure) and Viet Nam, UN MDG Indicators; Myanmar, Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey, 2003 Department of Health; Philippines, National Statistics Office Annual Poverty Indicators Survey; Singapore, Public Utilities Board; and Thailand National Statistics Office.
a b
c d
Table 47
Percentage of population with access to safe drinking water
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesiaa
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippinesa
Singapore
Thailand
c
99
34
77
79
80
100
96c
Viet Nam
99
44
80
51
99
78
80
100
98
85
d
d
bd
bd
d
bd
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 55
-
-
-
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesiaa
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippinesa
Singapore
Thailand
c
80
22
76
90
86
100
97b
Viet Nam
23
80
30
94
83
86
100
98
c
c
c
-
-
- -
-
Notes : Percentage of households; 2002 data; 2004 data.Sources : Brunei Darussalam, Department of Statistics; Cambodia, Cambodia Inter-censal Population Survey 2004 and 2005;
Indonesia, BPS; Lao PDR, UNDP HDR 2006; Malaysia, UN Statistics Division, MDG Indicators; Myanmar, National Sanitation Week, Department of Health; Philippines, National Statistics Office Annual Poverty Indicators Survey; Singapore, Public Utilities Board; and Thailand National Statistics Office.
a b c
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 56
Table 48
Percentage of population with access to sanitation facilities
Notes : Not limited to proclaimed heritage sites; area under heritage parks; Protected Area means a geographically defined area which is designated or regulated and managed to achieve specific conservation objectives; 2004 data.
Sources: Brunei Darussalam, Deparment of Statistics; Cambodia, Statistical Yearbook 2006 & Ministry of Environment; Indonesia, Malaysia, Department of Statistics; Myanmar, Central Statistical Organization; Philippines, Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau; Singapore, National Parks Board (NParks); Thailand, National Statistics Office; and ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2006.
a b c d
0909 ASEAN social development
ASEAN Community In Figures, 2008 57
Table 49
Ratio of protected area to total area (percent)
Country 2003 2005
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesiaa
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
c
Singapore
Thailand
2.0
29.6
21.0
2.4
12.2
4.3
58.0
Viet Nam
29.7
26.0
-
13.0
3.9
12.7
4.8
58.0
d
-
13.0
- -
2.0
b