CALS Sandpoint Greenhouse
description
Transcript of CALS Sandpoint Greenhouse
2013
Sponsored By:
Caitlin Keith, Jiangong Li, Brian Lockner, Josh Miller
CALS Sandpoint Greenhouse
Team Green ThumbGreenhouse Design Team
2013
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Background Information
Client NeedsSandpoint Urban Renewal Agency (SURA) is investigating the feasibility of installing a commercial greenhouse that could operate year-round in Sandpoint, Idaho.
Project GoalsUsing engineering principles, computer modeling, and modern irrigation techniques, we will design a greenhouse that can provide local and/or organic food to the city of Sandpoint.
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3-Phase Feasibility Study
Phase I:Estimate capital, building and operating (including energy)
costs of greenhouses in the Sandpoint area.
Phase II:Dependent upon the findings in step one, assess which
vegetable/herb crops can be grown in the Sandpoint area.
Phase III:Determine the demand for such crops at price points which would cover costs estimated in phases I and II,
for sale to local consumers.
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Project Flow Chart
Project Learning
Phase II Influence
Greenhouse Tours
SURA Influence
Structural Design
Internal Design
Economic Analysis
Optimize Best Design
Model Design
Economic Analysis
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Design Alternatives
Inexpensive Conventional Innovative
Medium Initial CostMedium Capacity
DurablePrecise Climate Control
High Initial CostLow Capacity
DurablePrecise Climate Control
Low Initial CostHigh Capacity
High DegradationInexact Climate Control
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Design Selection
Inexpensive Conventional InnovativeEnergy Usage per year 929 MW-hr 535 MW-hr 591 MW-hrBuilding Footprint 15,000 ft2 18,225 ft2 11,500 ft2
Growing Space 9,000 ft2 8,448 ft2 7,700 ft2
Total Initial Investment $ 710,000 $ 995,000 $ 1,162,000Annual Revenue $ 384,000 $ 360,000 $ 328,125Plant Capacity 2250 4048 192515 Year Present Worth $ 412,000 $ 784,000 $ 275,902Qualitative ranking 52 85 74
Conventional Design is determined to be our best
design
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Preliminary Economic Analysis
Inexpensive DesignPresent Worth = $412,000
Innovative DesignPresent Worth = $275,902
MARR = 6%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15$0
$360,000 $360,000 $360,000
-$995,000
-$173,400 -$226,900 -$173,400
Cash Flow Diagram - Conventional
MARR = 6%Present Worth: $783,844
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Design Optimization
IrrigationLightingHVAC
PVC Pipe System• Trellis encourages vertical
growth• 5,000 gallon reservoir• 20 foot lengths
Nutrient g / 1000 L $ / 1000 gallons
MgSO4 1893 38.43KPO4 1022 8.79KNO3- 757 2.31KSO4 379 1.02
CaNO3- 1893 2.50Chelated Fe 95 2.80
Total 55.85
Nutrients• Total estimated yearly
cost for a 4000 gallon reservoir:
$58,781.00• Nutrients replenished
every 1-2 weeks• Tomatoes require 3-5
gallons/plant/week
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Design Optimization
IrrigationLightingHVAC
Photosynthesis & Illumination Requirement Average vegetable light compensation point is 2000 lx. At 4000 lx, the efficiency of photosynthesis can reach the
maximum level. Average illumination time for common vegetable is 12
hours/day.
Design Characteristic
Lamps 400W/240V HPSL, 15 lamps/group, 2groups/ room
Reflectors Industrial, Down Only
Operation 7 hours, October-March2.5 hours, April- September
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IrrigationLightingHVAC
Design Optimization
•Natural Gas Boiler•Evaporative Cooling•Passive Ventilation•HAF Fan Placement•Thermodynamic simulations using EES
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Final Design
Isom
etric
Vie
w
Hydr
opon
ic Ir
rigati
on
Exha
ust F
ans &
Coo
ling
PadsCatia
Modeling
Plant Capacity: 4048
Annual Power Usage: 231, 690 kWh
Annual O&M Costs: $210,406
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CAD1:48 Scale PhysicalFull-scale Irrigation
Modeling
•CATIA Modeling Software•Ground Up Build•System Grouping•System Fitting
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Modeling
CAD1:48 Scale PhysicalFull-scale Irrigation
• Model size is 33.75 in. X 25 in.• Wooden dowels used to represent steel frame• Matte plastic acetate represents polycarbonate• Four functional zones show various design features• Color coded materials
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Modeling
CAD1:48 Scale PhysicalFull-scale Irrigation
• 1:30 slope allows for proper drainage• 6 inch PVC allows for easy, cheap construction• 1 L/min flow rate• Future researchers could look into oval pipes for
even water distribution
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Maintenance
Projected Annual Costs
Electricity
$16,219 $210,406
Boiler pump2%
Exhaust Fans39%
Cooling Pads1%
Irrigation Pump10%
Recycle Pump10%
Refrigera-tor7%
Lighting (Summer)
9%
Lighting (Winter)21%
Annual Energy Consumption (kWh)
Miscellaneous Maintenance1%
Labor67%
Electricity8%
Fertilizers21%
Polycarbonate Replacement3%
Annual O&M Cost Breakdown
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Economic Analysis
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
$420,992
-$1,576,978 -$201,219 -$468,719 -$201,219
MARR = 6%Present Worth = $389,000.88
Cash Flow Diagram
Revenue Calculation:4048 plants * (56 weeks/10 week harvest period) * (5 lbs. yield/harvest) * ($5/lb) * 0.8 {accounts for waste}
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Questions