Call for Proposals - Southeast...
Transcript of Call for Proposals - Southeast...
HIRP OPEN 2016
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Call for Proposals
HIRP OPEN 2016
HIRP OPEN 2016
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Application Deadline: 09:00 A.M., 18th July, 2016 (Beijing Standard Time, GMT+8).
If you have any questions or suggestions about HIRP OPEN 2016, please send Email
([email protected]). We will reply as soon as possible.
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Catalog
HIRPO201601: Wireless Communication Technology
HIRPO20160101: Bearer Network for 5G ......................................................15
HIRPO20160102: Real-time Video Transmission Optimization in Wireless Networks ........18
HIRPO20160103: 5G IoT Service Transmission ...............................................23
HIRPO20160104: Feasibility and Position for High Frequency/Light Communication ........25
HIRPO20160105: High Reliability Communication over 5G Unlicensed ......................28
HIRPO20160106: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra High Speed Data Transmission .............31
HIRPO20160107: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra High Reliable Transmission .................33
HIRPO20160108: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra Dense Network ..............................35
HIRPO20160109: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra Large Coverage .............................37
HIRPO20160110: Cross-link Interference Mitigation for Dynamic TDD .......................39
HIRPO20160111: Codebook Design for FDD Massive MIMO .................................42
HIRPO20160112: High Resolution CSI Feedback for Massive MIMO Systems ..............45
HIRPO20160113: Coordination Schemes in High Frequency Bands .........................48
HIRPO20160115: Research on Radar Technology Application in Wireless Communication .51
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HIRPO20160116: High Precision Beam Antenna Design .....................................53
HIRPO20160117: Positioning Technology Research ..........................................55
HIRPO20160118: UE-centric Small Cell Network Research and Design .....................58
HIRPO20160119: Spatial Channel Estimation Research for mmWave Massive MIMO System
..................................................................................................60
HIRPO20160121: Energy Proportional eNodeB/Network for LTE-Advanced and Beyond ...62
HIRPO20160122: Group Delay Consistency in Millimeter Wave Filter ........................66
HIRPO20160123: Software Design of Automatic Layout of Filter Cavity ......................68
HIRPO20160124: Antenna Attitude Determination ............................................70
HIRPO20160125: Boradband Dual Polarization Radiator with Asymmetric Pattern ..........73
HIRPO20160126: Small Size and Low Loss Combiner with Triple Frequency Bands ........75
HIRPO20160127: Decoupling Network ........................................................77
HIRPO20160128: High Speed T/H Circuit Research ..........................................80
HIRPO20160129: Research on Lens Antenna with Phased Array Feeder ....................83
HIRPO20160130: M-MIMO High DR RoF ......................................................86
HIRPO20160131: Study of Wireless Propagation Characteristics and Its Impact on System
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Performance for 5G New Scenarios ............................................................89
HIRPO20160132: Study of Novel Wireless Channel Characteristics Prediction, Grouping
Method ..........................................................................................91
HIRPO201602: Future Networks
HIRPO20160201: Mobility Research for High-Frequency Network ............................94
HIRPO20160202: Wireless Power Supply for Low Power Consumption Equipment by Base
Station ...........................................................................................97
HIRPO20160203: Research on Key Technology of Transmission of High Definition Video for
UAV ........................................................................................... 101
HIRPO20160204: Research on Key Technology of Virtual Reality using Wireless
Communication ............................................................................... 104
HIRPO20160205: Research on Wireless Communication Network for Robotic Applications
................................................................................................ 106
HIRPO20160206: Research on Ambient Backscatter Wireless Communication Technology
................................................................................................ 108
HIRPO20160207: Research on Haze Suppression Using Electromagnetic Wave
Agglomeration ................................................................................. 111
HIRPO20160208: Auto-Scaling and Resource Coordination of Network Slices ............ 114
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HIRPO20160209: Carrier Grade Cloud Resource Management based on Deep Learning
Technology .................................................................................... 117
HIRPO20160210: Game Theory based Network Slicing Management...................... 119
HIRPO20160211: Resource Allocation and Mapping for Network Slices ................... 122
HIRPO20160212: Trajectory Modeling and Generation for Mobile Users ................... 125
HIRPO201603: Optical Technology
HIRPO20160301: Advanced Package for Integrated Optoelectronic Component .......... 127
HIRPO20160302: All Optical Metro Network and Key Technology Research ............... 130
HIRPO20160303: Research and Develop a Fast Algorithm to Assign Traffic in Multi-OXC
under Given Traffic Demand .................................................................. 134
HIRPO20160304: Traffic Characteristics Analysis and Traffic Generator for DC ........... 136
HIRPO20160305: Control of MEMS Piezoelectric Actuator with No Hysteresis and Creep 138
HIRPO20160306: Electrical Packaging of Large Scale MEMS Device Array ............... 142
HIRPO20160307: Optical Dual-Polarization Input and Output Coupling Solution ........... 145
HIRPO20160308: Silicon based SOA Hybrid Integration .................................... 149
HIRPO20160309: Research on the Wide-Temperature Operating MUX/DeMUX........... 152
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HIRPO20160310: 3D Single Mode Waveguide Research ................................... 154
HIRPO20160311: Research on Dust Proof Solution for High Density Optical Connector .. 157
HIRPO20160312: Self Cleaning Coating for Optical Fiber Modules ......................... 159
HIRPO20160313: Comfort Index under Optical Environment - Research Concerning Safety of
<Receiving Continual Radiation of Visible Light within Short Distance> .................... 161
HIRPO20160314: Power Supply and Data Transmission via Wireless Laser or THz ....... 163
HIRPO201604: Storage Technology
HIRPO20160401: Windows SMB Client Behavior Analysis ................................. 165
HIRPO20160403: Low Latency and Distributed Network Communication Component
Research based on RoCE .................................................................... 169
HIRPO20160404: Double the Energy Density of the Lithium Ion Battery ................... 173
HIRPO20160405: Unify Interface Reduced ECC Scheme for Hybrid Memory .............. 175
HIRPO20160406: Cross Layer Co-design for Flash Memory based Storage Systems ..... 178
HIRPO20160407: Design of an Error Aware Framework for Flash Memory based Storage
Systems ....................................................................................... 181
HIRPO201605: Computing Technology
HIRPO20160501: CPU Reservation on KVM Platform ...................................... 184
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HIRPO20160502: The Acceleration of Networking in Cloud Computing .................... 189
HIRPO20160503: Research on Dynamic OS Image Editing Based on Actual Hardware
Combinations ................................................................................. 194
HIRPO20160504: PCB Cross-Sectional Physical Parameter Extraction .................... 199
HIRPO20160505: Key Technical Challenges of Quantum Computation .................... 202
HIRPO20160506: Using Advanced Language FPGA Over to Carry Out Large-Scale
Architecture Simulation ....................................................................... 204
HIRPO20160507: Many Core Processor Oriented RTL Language Simulator ............... 206
HIRPO20160508: Binary Executable File based Application Modeling Methodology ....... 208
HIRPO20160509: Distributed Performance Monitoring, Analysis and Optimization Tool for
ARM Platform ................................................................................. 210
HIRPO20160510: The Visual Tool for Software Architecture Emulation and Evolution based
on the Reverse Engineering .................................................................. 212
HIRPO201606: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
HIRPO20160601: Large Scale Heterogeneous Data Processing ........................... 214
HIRPO20160602: Research on Techniques for Financial Anti-Fraud System .............. 218
HIRPO20160603: Research on Anomaly Detection for Multiple Dimensional Data ......... 221
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HIRPO20160604: Low Latency Storage for Stream Data ................................... 224
HIRPO20160605: Research on SDN&NFV Network Maintenance Dystem Architecture and
Technology .................................................................................... 231
HIRPO20160606: Novel Algorithm Design and Use Cases for Data Stream Mining based on
StreamDM ..................................................................................... 235
HIRPO20160607: Communication Network Model Research based on AI Technique ..... 238
HIRPO20160608: Deep Learning based Robotic Perception ................................ 240
HIRPO20160609: Deep Learning based Human Visual Characteristics Research ......... 244
HIRPO20160610: Deep Learning based Scene Understanding ............................. 248
HIRPO20160611: Manufacture Quality Risk Analysis & Prediction based on Test Data ... 252
HIRPO20160612: Behavior Analytics for Personalized Mobile Services .................... 254
HIRPO201607: Media Technology
HIRPO20160701: Intelligent Portrait Photography by Mobile Phone ........................ 257
HIRPO20160702: Target Person Voice Identification Technique for the Improvement of Mobile
Phone Handset Multi-microphone Noise Reduction ......................................... 260
HIRPO20160703: Image and Video Captioning ............................................. 262
HIRPO20160704: Deep Learning based Speech Enhancement ............................ 264
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HIRPO20160705: VR Streaming ............................................................. 267
HIRPO20160706: Sports Video Highlight Identification ...................................... 271
HIRPO20160707: Research on Video Coding Model for Saving Bitrate without Subjective
Quality Loss ................................................................................... 273
HIRPO20160708: Precondition Parameters for Solderability Test of Tin-containing Surface
Finish .......................................................................................... 276
HIRPO20160709: Depth-based Salient Regions Detection ................................. 279
HIRPO20160710: Acoustic Scene Classification on Smartphone ........................... 281
HIRPO20160711: Photo Enhancement Using Structured Light ............................. 284
HIRPO20160712: Study on Optical Image Blur .............................................. 286
HIRPO20160713: Research on Bearer Network Architecture and Technology for Video .. 288
HIRPO20160714: Key Technical Research on VR Audio ................................... 292
HIRPO201608: Engineering Technology
HIRPO20160801: High Power/Low Loss Microwave Phase Shifter ......................... 296
HIRPO20160802: Wafer Level Package MEMS Sensor Dacapping Method Establishment 299
HIRPO20160803: Improve BL Film Transmittance Rate to Reduce LCM Power ........... 301
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HIRPO20160804: Precondition Parameters for Solderability Test of Tin-containing Surface
Finish .......................................................................................... 303
HIRPO20160805: Integrated Dual-Polarized BTS Filter-Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth
and Selectivity for Sub-6G MIMO Application ................................................ 305
HIRPO20160806: Integrated Dual-Polarized Filter-Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and
Selectivity for 5G-mmWave MIMO Application ............................................... 308
HIRPO20160807: Multiple Beam Forming Network .......................................... 311
HIRPO20160808: Exploring High Power Low Loss Waveguide Phase Shifter ............. 314
HIRPO20160809: Exploring High Power Low Loss SPDT ................................... 316
HIRPO20160810: Lithium Battery Failure Early Detection ................................... 318
HIRPO20160811: System Reliability& Maturity Evaluation .................................. 320
HIRPO20160812: Research on Special “Metal” which the Electromagnetic Wave can
Penetrate and can be Anodized Like Aluminum ............................................. 323
HIRPO20160813: Coarse-Grained Analyses of Android Applications ....................... 325
HIRPO20160814: Maintaining Consistency of Architecture and Code Technology
Collaboration Project .......................................................................... 331
HIRPO20160815: A High-Reliable and High-Coverage Method for Retargeting Android
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Applications to Java Bytecode ................................................................ 334
HIRPO20160816: A Automated Program Repair Method for Large Real-World Programs . 339
HIRPO20160817: Energy Proportional Communication ..................................... 343
HIRPO20160818: A Scalable Android Dynamic Analysis Framework ....................... 346
HIRPO20160819: Research on Automatic Driving Application Scenarios and Solutions based
on Vehicle Road Coordination ................................................................ 351
HIRPO20160820: Accelerate Software Builds on the Cloud ................................. 354
HIRPO20160821: Research on Vehicle Fleet Algorithm based on Vehicle Infrastructure
Cooperation ................................................................................... 356
HIRPO20160822: Intelligent Algorithm for Automatic-Driving Vehicle in Intersection ....... 358
HIRPO20160823: Embedded Software Program Dynamic Hook Stub Framework ......... 363
HIRPO20160824: Model Based White Box Testing Framework ............................. 365
HIRPO20160825: Architecture Efficiency Measure by Static Analyzing Source Code or Other
Information .................................................................................... 367
HIRPO201609: Materials
HIRPO20160901: Acoustic Performance Simulation, Evaluation and Application for Acoustic
Materials....................................................................................... 369
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HIRPO20160902: Optical Design of Fresnel Lens for Smartphone ......................... 371
HIRPO20160903: High Acoustic Performance Membrane Materials in Speaker ........... 373
HIRPO20160904: Printable Conductive Inks with 3D Printing Process ..................... 375
HIRPO20160905: Accurate Measurement of Adhesion Strength............................ 377
HIRPO20160906: Coatings with Conductivity Significantly Higher than That of Silver ..... 379
HIRPO20160907: Conductive Materials with Conductivity Significantly Higher than That of
Copper ........................................................................................ 381
HIRPO20160908: Research on Evaluation Methods to Assess & Predict the Life Span of
Plastic Parts ................................................................................... 383
HIRPO201610: Simulation Technology
HIRPO20161001: PCB Simulation Technology of PIM ...................................... 385
HIRPO20161002: The Simulation Technology of The Electromagnetic Thermal ........... 387
HIRPO20161003: Roll Back in Distributed Discrete-Event Simulation ...................... 389
HIRPO201611: Microwave
HIRPO20161101: New RF Material Application in Microwave Communication ............. 392
HIRPO20161102: Phase Pop Detection and Estimation..................................... 396
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HIRPO20161103: Relative Delay Estimation Between LOS-MIMO Channels .............. 398
HIRPO20161104: Hub-site Interference Cancellation ....................................... 401
HIRPO201612: Security Technology
HIRPO20161201: Learning-based Malicious Behavior Detection for Mobile Applications .. 404
HIRPO20161202: An Effective Method to Detect the Compromised Host via System Logs 407
HIRPO20161203: A reputation System to Evaluate IP/Domain Threat ...................... 409
HIRPO201613: Innovation Management
HIRPO20161301: Synergetic Innovation Network: Theory and Practice .................... 411
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HIRPO201601: Wireless
Communication Technology
HIRPO20160101: Bearer Network for 5G
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: 5G bearer network
List of Abbreviations
5G:5th generation mobile network
RAN: Radio Access Network
EPC:Evolved Packet Core
MM:Mobility Management,steering the traffic to the mobile node wherever it
moves
3 Background
To investigate breakthrough architecture and the enabling technologies to
satisfy the 5G core KPI including the RRB-BBU Interface / backhaul and the
core network excluding air interface technologies.
5G is the next generation wireless network and is one of the biggest moves in
the communication industry. The core KPIs of 5G (1ms latency, 1G-10Gbps
bandwidth, 1 million connections per km square) would change the network
architecture as well as new air interface technologies. There are four parts that
the bearer network to carrier traffic.
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The first part is backhaul network, which connects wireless site to core network
(EPC). For 5G network, the EPC could be distributed, especially MEC will
push EPC function to close to site. To carrier IoT traffic, especially mission
critical machine type communication, the requirement of delay and jitter is
much stricter than 4G network.
The second part is RRU-BBU interface. The innovation on wireless technology
is to separate BBU and RRU, and place BBU at centralized location to control
distributed RRU. The major challenge of RRU-BBU interface is big bandwidth,
low delay and jitter.
The third part is midhaul, which carries X2 traffic. It is believed X2 traffic will
increase dramatically in 5G network because of CA and denser sites layout.
The forth part is network slicing, which becomes a hot spot in the research of
whole 5G network architecture, what is the bearer network role in network
slicing, and what is the key architecture and enabling technology?
4 Scope
The scope of the project should focus on bearer network, including backhaul,
RRU-BBU interface, and midhaul, with IP technology. Current IP technology
may has a big gap to meet the requirement, some major requirement may
required. The scope is not limited to network layer technology, also technology
at layer 2 or 1 even 4 could be included.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverable
1) 5G Network challenges report;
2) 5G Bearer network proposal;
3) 5G Network demo.
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6 Phased Project Plan
1) Phase1 (~3 months): Problem Identification.
Understand the 5G requirement, study the traffic model of RRU-BBU
Interface/midhaul/backhaul;
2) Phase2 (~5 months): Architecture Proposal.
Propose the network architecture and enabling technologies including
RRU-BBU Interface and backhaul network;
3) Phase3 (~4 months): Enabling technologies design, prototype development
and verification;
Develop the prototype and enabling technologies and verifying the prototype
by either dry run or simulation.
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HIRPO20160102: Real-time Video Transmission
Optimization in Wireless Networks
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
Video traffic is the well known the fundamental traffic in the MBB/eMBB
networks. As the figure shown below, video services are also have three
typical groups:
Video streaming, e.g. VOD;
Real-time video, e.g. video call, video monitoring etc;
Virtual Reality.
Now in the UMTS/LTE networks, VOD streams have been widely carried in the
wireless networks and the play out buffer in the UE side can efficiently smooth
the channel/bit-rate varying over the air.
However the real-time video and even VR requires much higher network
capability in the future, and VR is foreseen to be carried in 5G networks, which
can also be considered as the evolution of real-time video. So real-time video
service is essential to be enhanced in the cellular network for its strict
requirements of:
End to end latency limitation;
High bit-rate even at cell edge;
High cost of video encoding/decoding time and computation.
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Although UMTS/LTE are already can support the real-time video from the
beginning, for the video call with CBR64kbps in UMTS and ViLTE H.264 HD
video call in LTE respectively. However the experience is very poor for the low
resolution and poor coverage.
HD video with new codec such as H.264, H.265 already can achieve great
progress in the video compression and good quality, but compares to voice
traffic in LTE, still real-time video is the bottleneck to support, for:
Much higher bit-rate (384kbps and above) than voice (23.85 at most now);
Encoding/decoding time consuming much longer than voice;
VBR with unpredictable instance bit-rate for the channel.
4 Scope
Identify the typical requirements for the real-time video use cases: there are
wide use cases for real-time video application, in the figure below, we
summarized several applications as:
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Video call;
Real-time monitoring;
Social APP (e.g. Facebook live video);
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (HD video transmit back).
Research on coverage enhancement/experience improvement solution design:
based on the typical real-time video transmission use cases, and identified
requirements, design the solutions to effectively enhance the real-time video
coverage and transmission reliability, within the latency limitation.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The state-of-the-art investigation report of real-time video transmission
optimization in wireless networks, and technical reports of real-time video
QoE metrics and requirements used in wireless transmission;
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Technical reports of real-time video coverage enhancement solution
design, including joint optimization of the codec adaptation mechanism
according the air interface information, physical layer enhancement for the
variable bit-rate video data, uplink transmission mechanism optimization of
the real-time video in wireless network, the performance simulation of the
schemes;
Real-time video quality evaluation platform supports the evaluation of
different loss level of the video data;
1~2 Invention/patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The proposed mechanism can extend the real-time video coverage to about
3dB, with the same video quality;
The benefit is reasonable theoretically, from the perspectives of real-time video
traffic character, the character or enhancement of the encoding/decoding. And
proved by the simulation evaluation;
No needs to implement the whole protocol stack and the whole RRM schemes
in the platform, pure physical layer enhancement is also acceptable given the
video traffic model is reasonably modeled.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of real-time transmission
optimization in wireless networks in industry and academic, and identify the
problems, metrics and requirements in this topic, forms technical reports;
Phase2 (~5 months): Research on real-time video coverage enhancement
solution design, could be the end to end optimization or the physical layer
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focused study. Form the solution design report and the brief evaluation of the
core idea;
Phase3 (~4 months): Research on real-time video cross-layer optimization
mechanisms such as codec adaptation according the tighter cooperation with
air interface; the enhanced encoding with tighter cooperation with air interface;
joint radio optimization with richer codec information. And deliver the concrete
simulation results of all the solutions proposed in the project.
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HIRPO20160103: 5G IoT Service Transmission
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
In 5G system, IoT service is identified as one of the important use case. In
3G/4G system, some features have been already specified like eMTC and
NB-IoT. In 5G system further requirement beyond current LTE has been
proposed. This project tries to address those new requirements with potential
new architecture and assumption.
4 Scope
How to support IP based or non-IP based IoT services using the efficient
network architecture and corresponding procedure.
How to support IoT services more efficiently which may not under current
transmission assumption like session management, mobility management etc.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
System design of 5G IoT is expected as the outcome, together with patent and
system simulation if necessary.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Complete requirement analysis and competitive analysis;
Phase2 (~7 months): Complete feature design, complete and improve feature
design, complete performance evolution;
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Phase3 (~2 months): results acceptance.
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HIRPO20160104: Feasibility and Position for High
Frequency/Light Communication
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: new air interface technology
3 Background
High frequency/light communication is one way to alleviate the spectrum
gridlock at lower frequencies while simultaneously providing high-bandwidth
communication channels.
However, the component electronics used in these systems, including power
amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, mixers, and antennas, are too big in size and
consume too much power to be applicable in mobile communication.
Beamforming is a key enabling technology of MBB. High frequency/light
communication makes use of MIMO through large antenna arrays at both the
base station and the mobile station to provide sufficient received signal power.
However, the cost of implementing one RF chain per antenna can be
prohibitive, especially given the large number of antennas in MBB. With analog
baseband beamforming or RF beamforming, one or a few RF chains can be
used. In that case, the number of data streams that can be transmitted is
limited by the number of RF chains.
In addition to the component restriction and beamforming structure, the frame
structure, MIMO transceiver architectures, multiple access, waveform and
other air interface designs inspired by the hardware constraints should be
carefully analyzed.
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4 Scope
Research on hardware constraints for High frequency/light
communication: while the small wavelength of high frequency/light
communication signals allows a large number of antennas to be packed into a
small form factor, the high cost components, like high-resolution
analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), makes it difficult to dedicate a separate
complete radio frequency (RF) chain with these components for each antenna.
Antenna technologies: high frequency/light communication will introduce
large number of antennas. This impacts the complexity of key signal
processing functions like channel estimation, precoding, combining, and
equalization.
mmWave air interface: to identify the high efficient air interface tech such as
frame structure, channel designs.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of high frequency/light communication, key technologies
and analysis for air interface;
Technical reports of MIMO architectures and beamforming, including the
precoding and combining strategies for the broaedband high
frequency/light communication channel;
Simulation platform with source codes and description;
1~2 Invention/patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The capacity gain over low frequency on MBB services will be provided;
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To feed the requirements provided by NGMN;
System complexities will be kept on a low level and can be refered to future
commercial product.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): survey the state of the art of high frequency/light
communication field, analyze and build the system model and provide the
related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Research on system design based on high
frequency/light communication to identify key technologies and provide the
related technical report;
Phase3 (~8 months): Research on schemes of beamforming and combining
and provide air interface designs, simulation results and patents.
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HIRPO20160105: High Reliability Communication over
5G Unlicensed
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: unlicensed spectrum
3 Background
Unlicensed spectrum plays an important role in 5G wireless communications
as it offers significant capacity boost to licensed spectrum. 3GPP is currently
specifying 5G which includes the unlicensed spectrum.
One key problem for unlicensed spectrum is shared by multiple devices where
a fair co-existence shall be ensured, e.g. by Listen-Before-Talk. Especially in a
dense network, LBT may cause congestions and severe delay in the initial
transmission. In addition, the retransmission may also be not ensured as the
retransmission may also experience LBT. These factors may cause the
transmission over the unlicensed spectrum not reliable.
It is therefore desirable to investigate efficient means to ensure high reliability
transmission over the unlicensed spectrum.
4 Scope
Target scenarios for High reliability communication over 5G-unlicensed:
Define the target scenarios for high reliability communication over
5G-Unlicensed, including the regulation requirements, the interference
modeling (e.g. different RAT like WiFi, Licensed Assisted Access, and number
of devices connected), traffic model, frequency bands and latency
requirement.
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Research on solutions to ensure high reliability communication over
5G-unlicensed: solutions efficient ensure high reliability communication with
target latency requirements, which at least includes waveform.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of target scenarios for High reliability communication
over 5G-unlicensed, which at least includes the regulation requirements,
the interference modeling (e.g. different RAT like WiFi, Licensed Assisted
Access, and number of devices connected), traffic model, frequency bands,
Latency requirement;
Technical reports of solutions to ensure high reliability communication over
5G-unlicensed which at least includes the waveform, co-existence
mechanism, and the evaluation results to justify the solution;
1~2 Invention/patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Improve reliability over LAA/eLAA at least by 50%. For example, in one target
scenario with high device density, the supported number of users for a given
data rate via 5G-Unlicensed are 150% of that via LAA/eLAA.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of high reliability
communication over licensed spectrum as well as unlicensed spectrum;
Phase2 (~3 months): Define the target scenarios for High reliability
communication over 5G-Unlicensed and provides the technical reports;
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Phase3 (~6 months): Research on solutions for high reliability communication
over 5G-unlicensed, simulation results and patents.
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HIRPO20160106: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra High
Speed Data Transmission
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
In 5G define the expansion of Unlicensed spectrum, Unlicensed spectrum has
become an important issue for researching and discussing.
The future use of Unlicensed spectrum scene is very wide, such as industrial,
IoT, Enterprise LAN and so on.
Unlicensed spectrum has some characteristics different from the Licensed
spectrum, such as susceptible to interference, and other systems (WiFi)
coexist, law and spectrum’s restrictions, so it need to research Unlicensed
spectrum’s all sorts of technology carefully.
Project about Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra high speed data transmission will be
applied to some important scene such backhaul of dense site in Unlicensed
spectrum network, and the research can also enhance overall network
capacity in Unlicensed spectrum network.
It will be a challenge about how to ensure the ultra high speed data
transmission among interference and other system (such as Wifi)’s
coexistence.
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4 Scope
Studying influence of interference and coexistence system in Unlicensed
spectrum network.
Studying key technologies and solution about how to ensure the ultra high
speed data transmission among interference and other system (such as Wifi)’s
coexistence.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The project hopes to deliver key technologies of coexistence of other systems,
anti-interference and the ultra high speed data transmission in Unlicensed
spectrum network.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The research results will help enterprise to use Unlicensed spectrum applied
some scene and enhance overall network capacity in Unlicensed spectrum
network among interference and other system (such as Wifi)’s coexistence
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~10 months): The feasibility and influence of interference and
coexistence system of Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra high speed data
transmission;
Phase2 (~8 months): Studying key technologies of Unlicensed spectrum’s
ultra high speed data transmission and scenario analysis and simulation data.
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HIRPO20160107: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra High
Reliable Transmission
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
In 5G define the expansion of Unlicensed spectrum, Unlicensed spectrum has
become an important issue for researching and discussing.
The future use of Unlicensed spectrum scene is very wide, such as industrial,
IoT, Enterprise LAN and so on.
Unlicensed spectrum has some characteristics different from the Licensed
spectrum, such as susceptible to interference, and other systems (WiFi)
coexist, law and spectrum’s restrictions, so it need to research Unlicensed
spectrum’s all sorts of technology carefully.
Project about Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra high reliable transmission will be
applied to some high reliable and low latency‘s scenes such as industrial 4.0. It
will be a challenge about how to ensure the ultra high reliable transmission
among interference and other system(such as Wifi)’s coexistence.
4 Scope
Studying influence of interference and coexistence system in Unlicensed
spectrum network.
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Studying key technologies about how to ensure the ultra high reliable
transmission among interference and other system(such as Wifi)’s
coexistence.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The project hopes to deliver key technologies of coexistence of other systems,
anti-interference and the ultra high reliable transmission in Unlicensed
spectrum.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The research results will help enterprise to use Unlicensed spectrum applied
industrial 4.0 and other high real-time and reliability of the field.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~10 months): The feasibility and influence of interference and
coexistence system of Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra high reliable transmission;
Phase2 (~8 months): Studying key technologies of Unlicensed spectrum’s
ultra high reliable transmission and scenario analysis and simulation data.
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HIRPO20160108: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra Dense
Network
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
In 5G define the expansion of Unlicensed spectrum, Unlicensed spectrum has
become an important issue for researching and discussing.
The future use of Unlicensed spectrum scene is very wide, such as industrial,
IoT, Enterprise LAN and so on.
Unlicensed spectrum has some characteristics different from the Licensed
spectrum, such as susceptible to interference, and other systems (such as
WiFi) coexist, law and spectrum’s restrictions, so it need to research
Unlicensed spectrum’s all sorts of technology carefully.
Project about Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra dense network can help operators
and enterprises to obtain higher capacity density and increase the overall
capacity of the network in Unlicensed spectrum network.
4 Scope
Studying influence of interference and coexistence system in Unlicensed
spectrum network.
The feasibility of the Unlicensed spectrum of super dense networks and how to
deploy the Unlicensed spectrum network in different scenes and key
technologies.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The project hopes to deliver scenario analysis and key technologies of
coexistence of other systems, anti-interference and dense network in
Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra dense network.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The research results will help operators and enterprises largely to improve
spectrum efficiency and increase overall network capacity in Unlicensed
spectrum’s ultra dense network.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~8 months): The feasibility and key technology of Unlicensed
spectrum’s ultra dense network;
Phase2 (~10 months): Studying scenario analysis, influence of interference
and coexistence system and simulation data in Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra
dense network.
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HIRPO20160109: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra Large
Coverage
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
In 5G define the expansion of unlicensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum has
become an important issue for researching and discussing.
The future use of unlicensed spectrum scene is very wide, such as industrial,
IoT, Enterprise LAN and so on.
Unlicensed spectrum has some characteristics different from the Licensed
spectrum, such as susceptible to interference, and other systems (WiFi)
coexist, law and spectrum’s restrictions, so it need to research Unlicensed
spectrum’s all sorts of technology carefully.
Project about Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra large coverage transmission will be
applied to some long distance control scenes such as UAV (Unmanned Aerial
Vehicle) and some long distance data transmission. It will be a challenge about
how to ensure super-long distance‘s reliable control of low latency and data
transmission of certain capacity among interference and other system (such as
Wifi)’s coexistence.
4 Scope
Studying influence of interference and coexistence system of long distance
and super-long distance in Unlicensed spectrum network.
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Studying key technologies about how to ensure super-long distance‘s reliable
control and data transmission among interference and other system (such as
Wifi)’s coexistence.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The project hopes to deliver some key technologies or solutions of
anti-interference and the super-long distance’s reliable control and data
transmission in Unlicensed spectrum network.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The research results will help enterprise to use Unlicensed spectrum applied
control field and data field of long distance and large coverage.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~10months): The feasibility and influence of interference and
coexistence system of Unlicensed spectrum’s long distance reliable control
and data transmission;
Phase2 (~8 months): Studying key technologies of Unlicensed spectrum’s long
distance reliable control and data transmission , scenario analysis and
simulation data.
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HIRPO20160110: Cross-link Interference Mitigation for
Dynamic TDD
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: others
List of Abbreviations
CIM: Cross-link interference mitigation
EIMTA: Enhanced Interference Management and Traffic Adaptation
3 Background
Dynamic TDD is a promising solution for higher spectral efficiency requirement
of 5G. It’s verified that adaptive reconfiguration of TDD configuration can
achieve obvious cell average throughput gain during LTE Rel-12 EIMTA.
However the gain of cell edge performance is not stable because of the limited
cross-link interference mitigation schemes between UL and DL (e.g. cell
clustering and power control). It can be foreseen that more flexible resource
allocation is necessary for some 5G scenarios (e.g. dense urban, small cell)
where traffic demand may vary dynamically in volume and in transmission
direction. Applying dynamic TDD in a multi-cell scenario may lead to new
challenges caused by severe cross-link inter-cell interference. Then effective
CIM schemes are worth further research work to enable dynamic TDD
especially for multi-cell scenarios with continuous coverage.
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4 Scope
Research on CIM for dynamic TDD can include the following topics but not
limited to:
Advanced algorithms for cross-link interference mitigation for data
transmission between DL/UL, including interference measurement,
distributed/ centralized inter-cell coordination with power control,
beamforming, advanced receiver etc.;
Symmetric design between DL and UL, including low cross-correlation
reference signal (based on same waveform (OFDM for DL and SC-FDMA
for UL in LTE)) and so on;
Simulation including link-level and system-level with reasonable modeling.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of survey of dynamic TDD and interference
management;
Technical reports of CIM solution design for dynamic TDD including
algorithm design and performance evaluation;
Dynamic TDD with CIM simulation platform with source codes and
description;
1~2 Invention/patents;
1~2 paper.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
High-quality research report with clear algorithm design and simulation
evaluation with at least 20% Tpt gain (both cell average and edge
performance);
IPR meets the requirement.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of dynamic TDD with CIM and
provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~5 months): Research on effective CIM relative algorithm design with
simulation evaluation (e.g. Link level);
Phase3 (~4 months): Research on effective CIM relative algorithm design with
system-level simulation and IPR/paper.
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HIRPO20160111: Codebook Design for FDD Massive
MIMO
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: new sir interface technology
List of Abbreviations
CSI: Channel state information
3 Background
Massive MIMO is one of the key techniques that can boost system capacity
and improve cell coverage in 5G. To fully exploit spatial multiplexing gains and
array gains brought by Massive MIMO, channel knowledge at the transmitter is
needed for designing precoding vectors. In TDD systems, channel state
information (CSI) is obtained via uplink channel estimation, where the
accuracy of CSI can be guaranteed by channel reciprocity. While in FDD
systems, the CSI can only be estimated at the receiver and feedback to the
transmitter. In order to make feedback overhead acceptable, the CSI is
quantized with a set of predefined vectors/matrices, which is called codebook
in LTE.
In practical, it is difficult to obtain CSI with high precision in FDD massive
MIMO systems. On one hand, using current constant modulus codebook in
LTE only captures partial information of channel and lost other information.
Non-constant modulus codebooks may have better performance, while
increasing the overhead and introducing PA power imbalance problems. On
the other hand, feedback overhead becomes large as the antenna number
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grows, especially in FDD massive MIMO. Thus, it is hard to guarantee the
quantization accuracy while maintain the size of codebook acceptable.
Codebook design for FDD massive MIMO is still an open problem. How to
balance the performance and the feedback overhead of the system is
deserved to be studied.
4 Scope
Research on codebook design for FDD massive MIMO: Design new
codebook for FDD massive MIMO to improve the system performance with
acceptable feedback overhead. Specific channel characteristics of massive
MIMO or statistical channel information can be used to design the codebook.
Special considerations for cross polarized antennas are preferred.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technique reports of analysis for constant modulus and non-constant
modulus codebook in FDD massive MIMO;
Technique reports of new codebook design for FDD massive MIMO,
including theoretical analysis, proposed solution(s) and the performance
simulation of the scheme;
Simulation platform with source code and description to verify the
performance of proposed solution;
1~2 Inventions/patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The proposed codebook for FDD massive MIMO should be verified by system
level simulation including both single user beamforming and multi-user
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beamforming with slight capacity loss (less than 20%-30%, antenna
number>64) compared with the TDD systems;
The incremental feedback overhead should not exceed 30% compared with
the overhead of existing codebook in LTE.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of codebook design in FDD
massive MIMO, analyze pros. & cons. of the existing codebook design criterion
and provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Research on potential schemes of codebook design and
provide the related technical report;
Phase3 (~3 months): Research on the proposed codebook and give analysis
on performance and feedback overhead, do the system level simulation and
do the patent application.
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HIRPO20160112: High Resolution CSI Feedback for
Massive MIMO Systems
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: new air interface technology
List of Abbreviations
CSI: Channel State Information
3 Background
Massive MIMO is one of key techniques to improve both spectral efficiency
and energy efficiency of the system. To fully utilize the spatial multiplexing
gains and the array gains of massive MIMO, knowledge of channel state
information at the transmitter is essential. In TDD systems, the CSI can be
obtained by exploiting the channel reciprocity using sounding. In FDD system,
the CSI has to be obtained through UE measurement and reporting. In realistic
system, as the antenna number is increasing, the performance gap between
TDD MIMO system and FDD MIMO system using traditional phase-only
quantization and feedback mechanism proposed in LTE is becoming larger.
The reason is that the codebook or the CSI can just capture partial information
of channel and lots of important information is lost. Compared with traditional
MIMO systems, the issue of channel acquisition is much more challenging in
massive MIMO systems due to the tremendous channel dimension. Hence, a
new CSI acquisition framework with high channel resolution and low overhead
should be investigated to resolve this problem.
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4 Scope
Research on the High Resolution CSI acquisition framework of massive
MIMO systems: design the new channel quantization and feedback
mechanism to improve the performance for FDD massive MIMO systems.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technique reports of vary CSI feedback mechanisms and analysis for FDD
massive MIMO systems;
Technique reports of high resolution CSI feedback design, including
theoretical analysis, proposed solution(s) and the performance simulation
of the scheme;
Simulation platform with source code and description to verify the
performance of proposed solution;
1~2 Inventions/patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The proposed CSI acquisition mechanism for FDD massive system should be
verified by system level simulation including both single user beamforming and
multi-user beamforming with slight capacity loss (less than 20%-30%, antenna
number>64) compared with the TDD system;
The feedback overhead should be less than 20% of uplink capacity of the FDD
systems.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of FDD massive MIMO in CSI
acquisition field, analyze pros. & cons. of the existing CSI feedback
mechanisms and provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Research on high resolution CSI feedback design and
provide the related technical report;
Phase3 (~3 months): Research on the proposed high resolution and low
overhead CSI acquisition mechanism, do the system level simulation and do
the patent application.
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HIRPO20160113: Coordination Schemes in High
Frequency Bands
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
List of Abbreviations
SE: Spectral Efficiency
EE: Energy Efficiency
CoMP: Coordinated multi-point
3 Background
Next-generation mobile systems are broadening their spectrum to
higher-frequency bands (above 6 GHz) to support a higher data rate up to
multigigabits per second. The high frequency spectrum offers many
advantages for wireless communication systems such as broad bandwidths for
high data rate information transfer, higher directivity and spatial resolution, low
probability of interference due to narrow antenna beamwidths, and etc. In
addition, the small size of antennas and antenna spacing at high frequency
(e.g., the mmWave frequencies) make the massive MIMO, which is identified
as one of the breakthrough technologies for 5G, a suitable beamforming
technology for transmission points in high frequency bands. However, the
severe loss property of high frequency bands compared with low frequency
bands poses a serious challenge for providing seamless connectivity.
Furthermore, the use of narrow beamforming makes it challenging to support
mobile devices, due to the link outages caused by antenna beam misalignment
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resulting from the mobility of users. This motivates the coordination among
multiple transmission points in high frequency bands, aiming at improving the
coverage probability, transmission reliability and user experience. Different
from traditional CoMP operations, the coordination in high frequency bands
should be in the context of massive MIMO, i.e., the multi-point coordination
would evolve to be a kind of beam-directed coordination. Therefore, efficient
coordination schemes applicable to high frequency bands with high
transmission reliability and coverage probability should be investigated to
resolve the issues brought by high frequencies.
4 Scope
Research on the coordination schemes in high frequency band: design
efficient coordinating multi-point transmission schemes according to the
characteristics of higher frequency band to improve the coverage, the
transmission reliability and user experience.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technique reports of potential issues associated with coordinated
multi-point operation and analysis in high frequency bands;
Technique reports of efficient coordination schemes design in high
frequency bands, including theoretical analysis, proposed solution(s) and
the performance simulation of the scheme;
Simulation platform with source code and description to verify the
performance of proposed solution;
1~2 Inventions/patents.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
The proposed coordination schemes should be verified by system level
simulation with obvious improvements on coverage probability, transmission
reliability and user experience compared with non-coordinated systems in high
frequency bands.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of coordination schemes in
CoMP field and potential issues associated with the coordinating transmission
or distributed (massive) MIMO in high frequency bands, analyze pros. & cons.
of the existing coordination schemes in the light of the characteristics in high
frequency band, and provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Research on efficient coordination scheme design and
provide the related technical report;
Phase3 (~3 months): Research on the proposed coordination schemes, and
do the responding system level simulations and patent applications.
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HIRPO20160115: Research on Radar Technology
Application in Wireless Communication
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: others
3 Background
There are too many similarities between wireless communication and radar
technology. Wireless communication focuses on coverage and throughput
enhancement. Radar technology focuses on target detection.
So we are wondering if we can improve wireless communication system
performance based on radar technology.
4 Scope
Whether we could get some extra information like3D geometry/ distance/
crowd density/ crowd flow … by radar technology? Based on the information
above we could improve wireless system performance.
Study the application scenario and feasibility of radar technology in wireless
communication system.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Give a feasible application scenario solution and proof.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Provide the design that can work in wireless communication system, show the
effectiveness of the proposed method by simulation. Theory clarification and
simulation of the performance improvement using proposed sensing method
compared to the legacy method is required.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months):
Give a brief overview of possible application scenario by radar technology;
Give the basic idea of proposed method, and provide first round simulation to
show the effectiveness;
Theory clarification of the performance improvement using proposed sensing
method compared to the legacy method;
Phase2 (~6 months):
Detail algorithm optimization;
Simulation verification for different simulation cases;
Simulation of the performance improvement using proposed sensing method
compared to the legacy method.
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HIRPO20160116: High Precision Beam Antenna
Design
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: antenna
3 Background
Inter-cell interference is the key factor that affects the performance of cellular
wireless communication system. To design the high-precision-beam antenna,
so that the transmitted signal of one cell is almost not to leak into its adjacent
cell, is an effective way to reduce inter cell interference.
4 Scope
To design the high-precision-beam antenna, so that the transmitted signal of
one cell is almost not to leak into its adjacent cell.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The Design of High-Precison-Beam Antenna;
Antenna prototype.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Antenna prototype verification.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Give the basic idea of proposed method, and provide
simulation to show the effectiveness;
Phase2 (~6 months): Give the antenna prototype.
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HIRPO20160117: Positioning Technology Research
1 Theme: Wireless communication Technology
2 Subject: location technology
List of Abbreviations
IOT: Internet of Things
LOS: Light Of Sight
NLOS: Not Light Of Sight
3 Background
Positioning has attracted the research institute and industry to deserve the
high precision of indoor poisoning. However, the precision of point could not be
satisfied the real need because of the measurement algorithm such as
TOA/AOA in NLOS scene.
Meanwhile, Cellular-based Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have become
an important branch of Internet of Everything (IoE). Based on existing wireless
networks, IOT provides better network coverage for thing-to-thing
communications, supports more connections, and lowers power consumption.
Therefore, IOT meets the application requirements in industrial, public,
personal, and home domains. Such applications include smart water/gas
metering, municipal light and waste management, livestock breeding and
irrigation, and environment monitoring. A large number of sensor network, also
formed the demand for object positioning.
One of the above research points will be approved.
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4 Scope
For IoT:
Solve the IoT terminal high precision positioning problem of the IoT
communication system. Including but not limited to the 3 GPP, the IEEE
standards organization related IoT technology, etc.
Limitation:
Outdoor scenario & NLOS condition;
Different basestation spacing configuration (200 m/500m/ect) affection;
Performance enhancement in narrow bandwidth like 200kHz;
Performance enhancement in typical antenna number like 1/2/4;
Number of basestation involved in localization algorithm is less than 4;
Target: Outdoor positioning accuracy: 30 meters on average.
For LOS/NLOS:
Either outdoor or indoor scenario is approved;
Target: Discrimination Algorithm for LOS and NLOS,and the accuracy is 3m
and 30m for indoor and outdoor respectively.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
For IoT:
3 technology research reports;
Localization algorithm simulation code;
Localization algorithm prototype verification system.
For LOS/NLOS:
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Research report documents, including discrimination algorithm for LOS and
NLOS, the position method for LOS/NLOS scene;
Relevant Patent;
Simulation code and analysis for the result.
6 Acceptance Criteria
For IoT:
Simulation and prototype test, meet the positioning accuracy of 30 meters on
average.
For LOS/NLOS:
Technique report discrimination probability should be more than 90%, and
meet the positioning accuracy.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6months): Delivery technology research report and the localization
algorithm simulation code;
Phase2 (~6 months): Deliver prototype verification system and test report.
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HIRPO20160118: UE-centric Small Cell Network
Research and Design
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: algorithm
3 Background
Dense small cell is a trend for further cellular network. The features of dense
small cell include:
ISD: 20~50m;
Low transmit power: ~100mw;
High user load.
Current LTE cellular network is based on BS-centric framework. The high
interference under dense small cells from co-channel neighbor cell worsens
the user performance. The edge user throughput is far below the centre user
throughput. How to improve the service experience of cell edge users is a top
challenge of dense small cell.
4 Scope
Research on UE-centric framework innovation, including small cell
basestation architecture, radio resource algorithm architecture and etc.;
Research on acceptable complexity UE-centric radio resource algorithm
innovation, including transmit and receive node selection, coordinated
radio resource allocation and power control, coordinated interference
cancellation and interference control technology etc. With the increment of
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the number of basestations and cooperation nodes, the computational
complexity is linear growth;
Develop practical implementation schemes to apply the above techniques.
Performance analysis and simulation are needed.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technique report;
Patent;
Simulation platform.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Remarkable throughput improvement both for center user and edge user;
The whole system design satisfies a good balance between cost and
performance.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~5 months): Techniques analysis and scheme design;
Phase1 (~7 months): Algorithm simulation and verification.
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HIRPO20160119: Spatial Channel Estimation Research
for mmWave Massive MIMO System
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
Channel status information acquisition is a key technology for mmWave
Massive MIMO system, both for uplink equalization and downlink precoding.
The traditional time and/or frequency filtering algorithms provide poor estimate
performance in low SNR condition. Beam domain channel estimation by
limited fix beamforming achieves limited direction channel information. Spatial
channel estimation represents the channel as a set of beams with different
direction of arrival/departure. With the aid of large amount antennas in
mmWave massive MIMO system, the accurate DOA, latency and amplitude of
each direction can be obtained to construct the complete spatial channel
information.
4 Scope
Spatial channel estimation method research for mmWave Massive MIMO
system;
Robust spatial channel parameter estimation, such as DOA(azimuth and
elevation), amplitude and latency.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technique report; Patent; Simulation code.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Remarkable estimation performance improvement compared with
time-frequency filter method;
Robust spatial channel parameter estimation performance, and well
tradeoff between performance and computing burden.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): A survey of spatial channel estimate algorithms and
overall estimation methods design;
Phase2 (~6 months): Complete spatial channel estimation algorithm and
related parameter estimator design.
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HIRPO20160121: Energy Proportional
eNodeB/Network for LTE-Advanced and Beyond
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: energy saving
List of Abbreviations
CA: Carrier Aggregation
LAA: License Assisted Access
AAS: Active Antenna System
DTX: Discontinuous Transmission
FD-MIMO: Full Dimension Multiple-input Multiple-output
3 Background
LTE energy saving technologies have been extensively studied in several
energy efficiency research projects during past years, such as power adaptive
transceiver, cell DTX, bandwidth adaptation, antenna muting, Inter-RAT/eNB,
small cell on/off, etc. The power consumption of latest base station can be
adaptable with traffic variation to some extent, but still consume significant in
low traffic hours and active idle mode. Usually base station need longer wake
up time for lower power consumption mode. In order to guarantee quality of
service, the opportunity of entering deep energy saving mode will be reduced.
So deep sleep capability with shorter wakeup time will be main contribution for
energy proportional base station.
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Due to the current access and control protocols, base station can’t discover
the idle user in the cell or site. Conventional cellular network energy saving
techniques by switching off cell or site reducing the network coverage will
result in cell reselection or out-of-service for idle UE. Once the base station
enter the switching-off mode, it cannot probe the user which move toward it
and can’t be recovered and associated with UE, which will degrade the user
experience. Thus, the cell switching off cannot apply in real network, especially
in indoor scenarios which has only one coverage layer. Considering the
evolutional ultra density network which will be characteristic of density access
node, multi-hop transmission, diverse backhauling, it is a big challenge to
energy saving management. Furthermore, Future RAN network architecture
evolution has introduced many new concepts, such as control-data-separation,
virtual cell, software defined RAN, user-centric network. Based on the Future
RAN network evolution, it is important to develop flexible mechanism and
energy saving management to make network resource allocated
on-user-demand, and network node flexible activated/deactivated. So that the
power consumption of network will be proportional of the traffic.
4 Scope
Research on how to achieve energy proportionality for eNodeB/Network with
minimal power consumption on active idle mode to around 1%~10% of
maximum power consumption, considering new features and trends
introduced in LTE-advanced network and beyond.
Base Station deep sleep and fast wakeup technologies: To develop power
consumption model on functional unit level for multiple base station type (e.g.
RRU, AAS, MIMO, Small cell). Focus on dynamical capability analysis of
hardware components and sub-components, especially on small signal RF,
digital processing and power supply unit which have higher ratio of power
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consumption during low traffic. To analyze the deep sleep opportunity and
potential minimum boundary of power consumption for active idle mode. To
solve the challenge of fast wakeup (ns~μs for component, ms~s for system) for
hardware and software design.
Network dynamic energy saving technologies: To develop dynamic energy
saving technologies for multiple frequency heterogeneous network,
considering RAN architecture evolution (e.g. dual connectivity, Carrier
Aggregation, LAA, control-data- separation architecture, cloud RAN, software
defined-RAN, etc. ). Combining with low power and on/off capability analysis of
hardware components, to research on optimal sleep/wakeup mechanism and
resource scheduling algorithms, maximize time of different energy saving
status while maintaining guaranteed performance/QoS constraints.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Project 1:Base Station deep sleep and fast wakeup technologies
Power consumption model on functional unit level (including low power mode);
Low power idle and fast wakeup technologies research report (including
maturity, pros/cons, innovation, design solutions);
1~2 patents.
Project2:Network dynamic energy saving technologies
Dynamic energy saving analysis and design solution for multi-frequency
heterogeneous network;
Energy aware resource scheduling algorithm and simulation;
1~2 patents.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
According to technical analysis or simulation, energy consumption of base
station/network should be proportional with traffic variation. Power
consumption on active idle mode should be 1%~10% of maximum power
consumption with guaranteed performance/QoS constraints.
7 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration (year): 1 year.
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HIRPO20160122: Group Delay Consistency in
Millimeter Wave Filter
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: IRF
3 Background
In order to realize wideband beamforming of phased array, it requires accurate
control of phase and group delay in each channel. Fluctuation of filter
transmission group delay will deteriorate the performance of phased array, and
it is impossible to compensate the group delay when they are different from
each other for different channels. It is a valuable research direction to explore
an effective way to realize filter with consistent group delay response.
4 Scope
Research on new filter model and scheme to decrease the group delay ripple
in passband, and improve the temperature drift;
Research on new processing technique to improve the batch consistency.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of new filter scheme to control group delay variation, it
should include designing details and comparative analysis;
Testing results of new processing technique;
1~2 patents.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
The central frequency is 20~40GHz, with 3~10% bandwidth, 40dB rejection at
the frequency 1GHz out of band. The group delay should have low variation
and be consistent between batches.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of method to control filter
group delay consistency, provide possible method to control group delay and
simulation results;
Phase2 (~6 months): Detail design and fabrication, provide measurement
results;
Phase3 (~3 months): Provide technical report and apply for patent.
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HIRPO20160123: Software Design of Automatic Layout
of Filter Cavity
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: IRF
3 Background
In the process of filter evaluation and designing, manually layout of filter cavity
has occupied great proportion of time, and the area utilization ratio and layout
topology has basically determined the performance of the final filter. To
improve the filter evaluation efficiency and achieve the optimal filter layout, it is
expected to develop automatic layout software to obtain reasonable cavities
distribution in much shorter time.
4 Scope
Based on filter layout requirement, investigate algorithm of optimized
layout to meet the coupling topology;
Program software to realize automatic layout of filter cavity.
The problem of cavity layout can be described as how to maximize the cavity
radius in a given area with specific number of cavity. Additional limitations
include:
The first and last cavities should be in the vicinity of TX/RX and DIN
connectors;
Every two coupled Cavities should be adjacent to each other;
Each cavity should not overlap with other cavities;
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All cavities should be confined in the specific layout area;
There are screw holes in the layout area, which is forbidden to place
cavities;
The radius of cavity should be as big as possible.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Automatic layout software and its source code;
Optimization algorithm;
Technical report.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Automatic layout software, achieve optimal cavity layout with the above
limitations.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Research on layout algorithm under the conditions of
specific layout area, fixed position of the first cavity, designated cavity radius
and number;
Phase2 (~6 months): Realize automatic layout of 2T2R duplexer. Realize
automatic layout of 2T2R duplexer with fixed TX/RX/DIN connectors;
Phase3 (~3 months): Based on phase3, optimize automatic layout of 2T2R
duplexer, meeting PIM and high power design requirements.
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HIRPO20160124: Antenna Attitude Determination
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: antenna
3 Background
Antenna alignment has a very big impact in wireless network coverage and
capacity. To obtain real-time attitude information of the antenna is important for
optimization and maintenance of the wireless network performance. An
antenna azimuth measured by sensors. To remotely and centrally read the
measurement results can greatly simplify the management and maintenance
of the antenna, reducing maintenance cost.
4 Scope
Develop a low-cost, small size antenna attitude measurement sensor device
for detecting the state of the antenna installation. Sensor device should have
good environment adaptability and the ability to cancel interferes exist in the
environment of antenna installation. And the sensor system does not need to
be calibrated artificial in the field.
Any type of transducer can be selected, but the above descriptions need to be
considered.
For example, if you select magnetic sensor:
The magnetic sensor as an azimuth antenna solutions with number of
advantages ,such as low cost, size, power consumption. But the presence of
the magnetic sensor needs to be calibrated, weak anti-interference ability and
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other bottlenecks, and the base station antenna installations usually there are
a lot of sources of interference to the magnetic field.
In order to make low-cost magnetic sensor technology which can be applied
with a base station antenna azimuth measurement products, the analysis of
low-cost magnetic sensor calibration, magnetic interference in base station
antenna module application environment, and the sensor interference in noisy
environments is needed.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Antennas attitude sensor interference model research report;
The antennas attitude sensor anti-interference solutions report;
The antennas attitude sensor prototype and related schematics, software
code;
1-2 patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Heading accuracy 5 RMS;
Free manual calibration on field applications;
Low-end civilian sensor;
Low cost.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Interference source analysis in base station antenna
scenarios, and reports;
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Phase2 (~6 months): Calibration technology research, anti- interference
design, and completed the prototype development.
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HIRPO20160125: Boradband Dual Polarization
Radiator with Asymmetric Pattern
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: antenna
3 Background
In general, the desired radiating power of base station antenna is below the
plane of the horizon. In this sense, the pattern of radiator elements in elevation
plane should be asymmetric. The asymmetric pattern can benefit both the gain
and side-lobe suppression when work at big tilt angle.
4 Scope
The asymmetric pattern will lead to poor isolation and stronger
cross-polarization fields for dual polarization elements. So how to design the
asymmetric pattern while remain high isolation and cross polar ratio at main
direction is the keypoints.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Design and simulation reports;
Prototype of an element in the specified reflector;
Patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Bandwidth: 1710-2690MHz;
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The level drop:
<1dB at normal direction of reflector;
>5~6dB at 30o upward;
>12~15dB at 60o upward.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): The simulation is finished and the feasible scheme has to
be determined;
Phase2 (~3 months): Finish the first version of prototypes and the
s-parameters and pattern test;
Phase3 (~5 months): Finish the final version of prototypes and the
s-parameters and pattern test.
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HIRPO20160126: Small Size and Low Loss Combiner
with Triple Frequency Bands
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: antenna
3 Background
Base station antenna is currently developing along multi-frequency and
multi-array tends. Therefore, the combiner is usually needed to realize the
signals’ combination and output. However, the existing combiners are
produced with larger size and higher loss due to the limited technology. For the
compact antenna, these kinds of combiners are difficult to achieve an
appropriate layout and large quantity of production.
4 Scope
The small size combiner with triple bands is needed to design with
suspended stripline;
Low loss;
The combiner in different band is required to be distributed in three
separate cavities.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1-2 pieces of important patents;
Reports contains but not only test report and research report;
Designed scheme and reports;
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Instruction of test scenario and test solution;
Other report after communication.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Single cavity size: Width ≤32mm & Length≤50mm &Height≤6mm;
Working band: Three bands between (1710-2690) MHz), adjacent nearest
bandwidth ≤50MHz;
Loss : ≤-0.4db;
VSWR: ≤1.3;
ISO: ≤-25db.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~5 months): Report the associated research of the project and
feasible solution; Report the result of simulation with software;
Phase2 (~5 months): Make the prototype of antenna, test it and optimize;
Phase3 (~2 months): Finish the patents and the whole reports.
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HIRPO20160127: Decoupling Network
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: antenna
List of Abbreviations
BSA: Base station antenna
UWB: Ultra wide band
HBW: Horizontal beamwide
deg: degree
XPD: Cross-polar ratio
FBR: Front to Back Ratio (within 180deg+/-30deg)
VSWR: Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
ISO: isolation
3 Background
As the size of base station antenna is required smaller and smaller, to improve
the isolation becomes more and more challenging.
4 Scope
A 4-ports feeding network, added to tow dual-polarized radiators which work in
1710-2690MHZ to improve the isolation between radiators without radiation
performance reduction.
Improve the isolation between radiators by adding the decoupling network;
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The network realized in PCB;
No impact on radiation pattern.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1-2 pieces of important patents;
Reports contains but not only contains test report and research report;
Designed scheme and reports;
Instruction of test scenario and test solution;
Other report after communication.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Specifications
Network requirements:
Isolation improved by the network;
Small insertion loss;
Realized in PCB, size< 80mm*80mm;
VSWR<1.25.
Frequency band; 1710-2690;
Ports number:4;
Radiators:
Compact radiator spacing;
+/-45 degree dual polarization;
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Radiation pattern: few changing with the network (Gain, HBW, VBW
and F/B etc.).
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Report the associated research of the project and
feasible solution, Report the result of simulation with software;
Phase2 (~6 months): Make the prototype of antenna, test it and optimize;
Phase3 (~3 months): Finish the patents and the whole reports.
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HIRPO20160128: High Speed T/H Circuit Research
1 Theme: Wireless communication technology
2 Subject: IRF
3 Background
During the last few years the demand on high-speed data acquisition systems,
has grown significantly. However modern millimeter-wave communication
system is limited by the sample bandwidth and working frequency of the ADC,
if high speed ADC can be realized, digital equalization is more robust, scalable
and offers more flexibility , which also lead a new design technique to the
transceiver’s structure , but high speed ADC is difficult to design.
The design of a high speed track and hold circuit is a good resolution. High T/H
circuit can be usefully applied in data acquisition systems, as a presampler in
front of the ADC, in order to improve the high-frequency performance of the
ADC, or several parallel analog inputs can be multiplexed using multiple T/H
circuits in front of the ADC.
The research of the high speed T/H circuit is good to decrease limitation of the
ADC in system. With a high T/H circuit, the transceiver can use a low speed
ADC to achieve high speed data transmission instead of high speed ADC,
which also offers a new way to design the transceiver’s structure, lower the
cost and complexity of the communication system.
4 Scope
(1) Research the feasibility of the T/H circuit:
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Survey of the existed T/H circuit structure and analyze the feasibility of these
structures which would be used in high speed applications and be suitable for
the millimeter-wave applications;
Analyze the T/H circuit in different process, analyze the merits and demerits in
different process.
(2) Design the high speed T/H circuit:
Design a high speed T/H circuit to meet the demand of high frequency data
converter system;
Design and simulate in a suitable process;
Target performance of the T/H circuit is listed below:
3dB BW=0~12GHz;
Sample clock= 6GHz;
SFDR=-50dB@1dBFs;
Output port number>=2.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Report of the Survey and analysis of the T/H circuit;
The T/H circuit simulation report;
Patents or papers.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The survey report should include the comparison of the different process, the
simulation result should meet the demand of high speed and millimeter-wave
applications.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): Research the feasibility of the T/H circuit;
Current achievement: Survey of the existed T/H circuit structure and analyze
the feasibility of these structures which would be used in high speed
applications;
Output: Report of the Survey and analysis of the T/H circuit;
Phase2 (~12 months): Design the high speed T/H circuit;
Current achievement: Design a high speed T/H circuit to meet the demand of
high frequency data converter system. Design and simulate in a suitable
process;
Output: The report of T/H circuit simulation.
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HIRPO20160129: Research on Lens Antenna with
Phased Array Feeder
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: IRF
List of Abbreviations
PAA: Phased Array Antenna
3 Background
Higher than 30GHz spectrum is getting more popular in last 5 years, especially
in 60GHz and E band. Broad bandwidth offer great chance for business and
consumer opportunity in the future. In order to compensate high propagation
loss, high gain antenna with steering capability is appreciated.
Conventional phased array can fulfill the antenna requirement, but
consequently the hardware complexity, calibration process, cost and power
efficiency make it hard to deploy in commercial application.
Compared with Phased array antenna using each hundreds or thousands
radiators, Lens antenna (e.g. Dielectrical lens, Artificial planar lens) using
passive structure with focusing capability to achieve antenna gain, which make
system complexity not tightly related with gain. Conventional steering feature
of lens antenna is based on feeder switching. But continuous steering is not
easy to achieve when lens antenna gain is higher than 30 dBi.
Novel lens antenna is demanded to keep the benefit of it intrinsic multi-beam
capability and solve incontinuous beam steering issue when high gain system
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is required. Lens antenna with phased array antenna (PAA) feeder would be
attractive candidate.
4 Scope
Research about lens antenna with phased array feeder:
1) Theoretical model of lens antenna with phased array feeder(math or EM
model);
2) Lens style selection for working with PAA feeder;
3) PAA feeder design methodology;
4) Related beam-forming algorithm;
5) Related design and EM simulation.
Target antenna specs:
Requirements Description
Frequency 71~76GHz
Gain ≥33dBi
Steering range ±30° elevation and horizontal
Steering step ≤BW3dB
Radiator elements <100
1) ~4) with high priority.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Survey report and Feasibility study analysis;
Theoretical model analysis of antenna operation;
Antenna design methodology includes lens selection, array distribution and
Beam-forming method;
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Target design documents and simulation.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Document deliverable: Survey and analysis document in each phase is
complete and pass Huawei acceptance team review;
IPR: 1 patent.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey and feasibility analysis documents;
Phase 2 (~5 months): Theoretical model and analysis or basic methodology
document;
Phase 3 (~4 months): Lens and PAA feeder detailed design and Related
beam-forming method, which should including design document and EM
simulation, and patent idea.
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HIRPO20160130: M-MIMO High DR RoF
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: IRF
List of Abbreviations
M-MIMO: Massive Multiple-input Multiple- output
RoF: Radion over Fiber
DR: Dynamic Range
3 Background
The performance of RoF device or components is not enough to the 5G
wireless application in future.
High performance Radio-over-Fiber Link to support massive MIMO should be
research.
A high-performing, wide-bandwidth, high-dynamic range optical link are
extremely demanding.
4 Scope
1) Dynamic range is not enough for wideband RF modulated signal
transmission;
For wireless application, the ACLR of RoF should be over 60Db, now just
reach 52dB in the same condition.
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Research the solution to improve the DR in order to reach the requirements
maybe including: new Hardware (for example new optical device, etc); new
software method (for example new pre-distortion algorithm, etc).
2) Reduce the fiber number;
For massive MIMO application, there are 64 or more RF channel to work at the
same time, so too many fiber are need to transfer the TR signal between Radio
Remote Head and indoor instruments. The number of fiber of whole system
should be less than 4.
Research the solution to reduce the number of fiber of ROF in Massive MIMO
system at the same time reach the DR requirement.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Study some new RoF technology or method to reach below specification:
Frequency range 3.4GHZ~4.2GHz;
Dynamic range: ACLR<-60dBc @ 10*20MHZ LTE carrier;
Patent idea for new RoF technology.
6 Acceptance Criteria
For deliverables as ROF high DR technology study and report, the acceptance
criteria are that good analysis and research on high DR ROF;
For deliverables as patent idea, the acceptance criteria are that good idea for
new RoF technology;
All the deliverables should be passed the review of TRB in Huawei.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Research the high DR technology based on the system
spec. Delivery the report of ROF (Specifications and Assessment include:
identify the emerging technologies which can meet the ROF link performance
requirement) and technical solution for high DR ROF;
Phase 2 (~6 months): High level design for High DR RoF and patent idea.
Delivery the RoF high level design solution and 2 patent ideas.
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HIRPO20160131: Study of Wireless Propagation
Characteristics and Its Impact on System Performance
for 5G New Scenarios
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
With the explosive growth of mobile traffic data demand, the Fifth-generation
system (5G) would exploit high frequency, large bandwidth and Massive MIMO
techniques. Recently it is the critical stage for 5G to achieve the key
technology breakthroughs and standard finalization. The study of key
technology performance for typical deployed scenarios becomes very
important and urgent. The propagation characteristics and models are the
basis and important tools for the design and performance evaluation of
communication systems. Due to the requirement of diversity deploy scenarios
of 5G, especially for the application of dense small cells in dense urban
scenario, the choice of scenario for channel measurement becomes more and
more crucial.
New typical Scenarios for 5G are included:
Machine to Machine Communication Scenario;
Inter-eNB/ Inter-UE/ Intra-UE interference scenarios for flexible full duplex;
Dense Urban 3D High Building Scenario.
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4 Scope
In order to evaluate system’s performance precisely under 5G new scenarios
above, wireless propagation characteristics for the new scenarios must be
studied firstly. Hence, this study aims to analyze the wireless propagation
characterizations and affection for the 5G new scenarios above.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
One scenario of the above three scenarios can be selected, giving the
literature survey of the selected scenario’s propagation characteristics;
The technical research report on propagation characteristics for the new
scenarios.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Provide reports and papers including the simulation or analysis results about
channel characteristics of new scenarios, also including the impaction of these
characteristics to 5G communication systems. Herewith, it should be noted
that one can focus on one (but not limited to) scenario.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Giving the literature survey of the new scenario’s
propagation characteristics;
Phase2 (~6 months): Study the channel characteristics in the new scenarios.
Estimate MIMO capacity performances for the specific scenario based the
channel characteristics.
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HIRPO20160132: Study of Novel Wireless Channel
Characteristics Prediction, Grouping Method
1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology
2 Subject: others
3 Background
Modern wireless communication networks can be considered as large,
evolving distributed databases full of context and information available from
mobile devices, base stations and environment. The wireless channel data in
various scenarios including large scale and small scale parameters are one of
the important and useful data could used for analyzing and making predictions.
There are many challenges in terms of wireless channels for future wireless
communication systems, for example:
Numerous scenarios are considered for future wireless communication
systems, such as device-to-device (D2D) communications,
communications in the ultra-densely populated area, but the channel
measurements cannot be conducted in every scenario anywhere and lack
of these information will constrain the wireless system design;
Because of fast-changing conditions in some scenarios, the current
channel estimation algorithms may not accurate enough for these
applications.
Applying the state-of-the-art data mining and machine learning techniques for
readily available data from the wireless networks to predict missing information
is a good possible solution for the above-mentioned challenges.
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This project is the first step to this vision. Path-loss prediction is thought to be
crucial for enabling efficient and proactive resource allocation. And the
decisions on resource allocation are not only based on present channel state
information, but also on information about future propagation conditions. In
particular, the quality of service (QoS) experienced by mobile users can be
significantly improved if the information of future path-loss and interference
condition around the users is utilized for proactive resource allocation.
Furthermore, by applying classification and pattern recognition algorithm (such
as Fuzzy c-means algorithm) on wireless network and channel data, the
wireless scenarios can be categorized, therefore, different base stations can
select predefined parameters based on different wireless scenarios according
to automatic identification of network and channel data in actual network.
All in all, through this project, by applying data mining and machine learning
techniques, a reliable path-loss / interference and coverage map for current
and future wireless networks can be reconstructed and site specific channel
scenario classification can be performed which will enable future networks to
better utilize scarce wireless resources and improve the QoS for mobile users.
4 Scope
Reconstruct a reliable path-loss / interference and coverage map for
current and future wireless networks by applying data mining and machine
learning techniques;
Propose novel clustering algorithms and apply them in site specific
channel scenario classification;
Study the relationship between channel characteristics and system
performance.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Select one problem above, and give the following deliverables to solve the
selected problem:
The literature survey of the selected problem’s state-of-the-art research;
The technical research report on the selected problem.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Provide reports and papers including the simulation or analysis results about
the selected problem’s solution.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6months): Review the literature of the selected problem’s
state-of-the-art research;
Phase2 (~6 months): Study the selected problem, and give the technical
research report.
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HIRPO201602: Future Networks
HIRPO20160201: Mobility Research for
High-Frequency Network
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: architecture and resource management
List of Abbreviations
NR: New RAT
RLF: Radio Link Failure
RRM: Radio Resource Management
BRS: Beam Reference Signal
3 Background
The new RAT (NR) will consider frequency ranges up to 100 GHz. The radio
characteristics of NR may include large path loss, enlarged noise power (due
to large bandwidth), small cell coverage and large signal variation. To
overcome high frequency channel condition, the beamforming technology may
be used in some scenarios. However in general one beam has relatively
narrow coverage. Also the UE may be receiving more than one beam in a cell.
This brings huge challenges to mobility management, e.g. beam acquisition,
beam tracking, beam-based RRM measurement, RLF detection.
Moreover, this small coverage and fragile channel characteristic of NR lead to
frequent handovers and handover failures which UE experiences. Ping-pong
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also happens more frequently in NR. As a result, mobility performance will be
degraded unless mobility mechanism is improved in NR compared to the
current LTE.
So, it is a valuable research direction to investigate the measurement and
mobility mechanism in high frequency to ensure good mobility performance in
NR.
4 Scope
Beam-based RRM measurement and RLF detection mechanisms
Investigate the beam-based RRM measurement and RLF detection
mechanisms, including beam acquisition, beam tracking, beam-based RRM
measurement (e.g. BRS design, how to measure, how to be averaged and
how to trigger measurement report), RLF detection, avoid and/or quickly react
to sudden SINR drops due to beamforming, and so on;
Mobility mechanisms in high frequency
Investigate the mobility mechanisms in high frequency, including how to
decrease the handover failure and Ping-Pong rate, ensuring 0ms handover
interruption time, and so on;
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of beam-based RRM measurement and RLF detection
mechanisms;
Technical reports of mobility mechanisms in high frequency;
Related simulation platform with source codes and description;
1~2 Invention/patents.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Design competitive measurement and mobility mechanisms in high frequency
and ensure good mobility performance at least not worse than LTE.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of measurement and mobility
solutions in high frequency especially with beamforming technology, analyze
and provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Research on schemes of measurement and mobility,
including beam-based RRM measurement, RLF detection and handover, and
provide the related technical report;
Phase3 (~3 months): Research and provide related algorithms, simulation
results and patents.
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HIRPO20160202: Wireless Power Supply for Low
Power Consumption Equipment by Base Station
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: IRF
List of Abbreviations
RFID: Radio Frequency IDentification
3 Background
Limited device battery life has always been a key consideration in the design of
modern mobile wireless technologies. Frequent battery
replacement/recharging is often costly due to the large number of wireless
devices in use, and even infeasible in many critical applications (e.g., sensors
embedded in structures and implanted medical devices).
Categories and Applications
RF-enabled wireless energy transfer (WET) technology provides an attractive
solution by powering wireless devices with continuous and stable energy over
the air. By leveraging the far-field radiative properties of electromagnetic (EM)
waves, wireless receivers could harvest energy remotely from RF signals
radiated by an energy transmitter. RF-enabled WET enjoys many practical
advantages, such as wide operating range, low production cost, small receiver
form factor, and efficient energy multicasting thanks to the broadcast nature of
EM waves.
One important application of RF-enabled WET is wireless powered
communication (WPC), where wireless devices use harvested RF energy to
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transmit/decode information to/from other devices. Without being interrupted
by energy depletion due to communication usage, WPC is expected to
improve user experience and convenience, with higher and more sustainable
throughput performance than conventional battery-powered communication.
WPC can also be applied in sensors with much lower maintenance cost and
enhanced flexibility in practical deployment.
Due to the high attenuation of microwave energy over distance, RF-enabled
WET is commonly used for supporting low power devices, such as RFID tags
and sensors. However, recent advances in antenna technologies and RF
energy harvesting circuits have enabled much higher microwave power to be
efficiently transferred and harvested by wireless devices. Therefore, WPC will
be an important building block of many popular commercial and industrial
systems in the future, including the upcoming Internet of Things/Everything
(IoT/IoE) systems consisting of billions of sensing/RFID devices as well as
large-scale wireless sensor networks (WSNs).
Model of (Power + Communication) vs. Model of Energy Harvesting
We also envision RF-enabled WET as a key component of the “last-mile”
power delivery system, with the smart electrical power gird forming the
backbone or core power network. Before proceeding to the discussion of
RFenabled WET/WPC, it is worth pointing out its relation to another green
communication technique, energy harvesting (EH), where wireless devices
harness energy from energy sources in the environment not dedicated to
powering wireless devices, such as solar power, wind power, and ambient EM
radiation.
Unlike RF-based EH from ambient transmitters, the energy source of WET is
stable and, more importantly, fully controllable in its transmit power, waveforms,
and occupied time/frequency dimensions to power the energy receivers. With
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a controllable energy source, a WPC network (WPCN) could be efficiently built
to power multiple communication devices with different physical conditions and
service requirements. Besides, with RF enabled WET, information could also
be jointly transmitted with energy using the same waveform. Such a design
paradigm is referred to as simultaneous wireless information and power
transfer (SWIPT), which has proved to be more efficient in spectrum usage
than transmitting information and energy in orthogonal time or frequency
channels.
4 Scope
Investigate wireless charging technology;
Research on marco base station based wireless charging technology,
which aims to provide power for low cost devices.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on key technology;
Research on marco base station based wireless charging technology,
which aims to provide power for low cost devices at the power level of
0.001w;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission;
1 prototype of technical identification.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
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Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can be
proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey on technology of the wireless power supply;
Phase2 (~6months): Explore the technology of the wireless power supply for
low power consumption equipment by base station;
Phase3 (~3 months): Use case study and solution study.
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HIRPO20160203: Research on Key Technology of
Transmission of High Definition Video for UAV
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
Now Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a very hot topic, and there are already
many UAV both in the consumer market and civilian market. One typical use
case of UAV is remote monitor, which will send back the real-time HD video to
the monitor center. How to use the existing wireless communication
technology or new to transfer the VR contents is an interesting problem.
4 Scope
Identify the typical requirements for the HD video transmission for UAV;
Survey on the transmission technology of high definition video for UAV
when using wireless communication;
Impact on wireless communication when using HD video;
Research on a new network architecture to fit for high definition video
transmission for UAV;
Research on coverage enhancement/experience improvement solution
design: based on the typical UAV HD video transmission use cases, and
identified requirements, design the solutions to effectively enhance the HD
video coverage and transmission reliability, within the latency and energy
limitation.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on key technology of transmission of high definition video
for UAV;
1-2 research reports on key technology, including license/un-license
spectrum,candidate schemes of optimal technology used in wireless
communication;
1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology and
system architecture;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission;
1 prototype of technical identification.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can
be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the
internal Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on key technology of transmission of high
definition video for UAV, including industry and academia area;
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Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on key technology of transmission of high
definition video for UAV, including architecture design, model selection,
algorithm design and so on;
Phase 3 (~3 months): Verification of the proposed architecture and technology.
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HIRPO20160204: Research on Key Technology of
Virtual Reality using Wireless Communication
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: others
3 Background
Now virtual reality or augmented reality is a very hot topic, and there are many
VR devices in the commercial market. Because of the inherent character of VR
contents, the amount of transport is very large, so now the connection between
VR server and display headset is all fixed, which will restrict the mobility when
playing VR game or using other VR services. How to use the wireless
communication to transfer the VR contents is an interesting problem.
4 Scope
Survey on the AR/VR technology when using wireless communication;
Impact on wireless communication when using VR services;
Analysis of the requirement for wireless network for different AR
experience;
Research on a new network architecture to fit for VR transport.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on key technology of virtual reality using wireless
communication;
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1-2 research reports on key technology of virtual reality, including
candidate schemes of optimal technology used in wireless communication;
1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of virtual
reality using wireless communication, such as system architecture;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can
be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the
internal Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~2 months): Survey on key technology of virtual reality using wireless
communication, including industry and academia area;
Phase2 (~7 months): Research on key technology of virtual reality using
wireless communication, including architecture design, model selection,
algorithm design and so on;
Phase 3 (~3 months): Verification of the proposed architecture and technology.
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HIRPO20160205: Research on Wireless
Communication Network for Robotic Applications
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: architecture and resource management
3 Background
Robotic application has been an emerging area in both enterprise and
consumer business. There is also ongoing standardization work in 3GPP for
related scenarios, e.g. NB-IoT and/or mMTC. However there may be more
specific verticals that require different user experience and functionalities, such
as cooperative robotics in a Multi Agent System. How to use wireless
technologies to enable more exciting applications would be a promising area.
4 Scope
Survey on the robotic technology when using wireless communication;
Impact on wireless communication when implementing robotic services;
Analysis of the requirement for wireless network for different robotic
applications;
Research on a new network architecture to fit for robotics traffic.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on key technology of robotics using wireless
communication;
1-2 research reports on key technology of robotics, including candidate
schemes of optimal technology used in wireless communication;
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1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of robotics
using wireless communication, such as system architecture;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can
be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the
internal Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on key technology of robotics using wireless
communication, including industry and academia area;
Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on key technology of robotics using wireless
communication, including architecture design, model selection, algorithm
design and so on.
Phase 3 (~3 months): Verification of the proposed architecture and technology.
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HIRPO20160206: Research on Ambient Backscatter
Wireless Communication Technology
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
In traditional backscatter communication (e.g., RFID), a device communicates
by modulating its reflections of an incident RF signal (and not by generating
radio waves). Hence, it is orders of magnitude more energy-efficient than
conventional radio communication.
Ambient backscatter differs from RFID-style backscatter in three key respects.
Firstly, it takes advantage of existing RF signals so it does not require the
deployment of a special-purpose power infrastructure—like an RFID
reader—to transmit a high-power (1W) signal to nearby devices. This
avoids installation and maintenance costs that may make such a system
impractical, especially if the environment is outdoors or spans a large area;
Second, and related, it has a very small environmental footprint because
no additional energy is consumed beyond that which is already in the air;
Finally, ambient backscatter provides device-to-device communication.
This is unlike traditional RFID systems in which tags must talk exclusively
to an RFID reader and are unable to even sense the transmissions of other
nearby tags.
Designing an ambient backscatter system is challenging for at least three
reasons.
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Since backscattered signals are weak, traditional backscatter uses a
constant signal to facilitate the detection of small level changes. Ambient
backscatter uses uncontrollable RF signals that already have information
encoded in them. Hence it requires a different mechanism to extract the
backscattered information;
Traditional backscatter receivers rely on power-hungry components such
as oscillators and ADCs and decode the signal with relatively complex
digital signal processing techniques. These techniques are not practical for
use in a battery-free receiver;
Ambient backscatter lacks a centralized controller such as an RFID reader
to coordinate all communications. Thus, it must operate a distributed
multiple access protocol and develop functionalities like carrier sense that
are not available in traditional backscattering devices.
4 Scope
Survey on the Ambient Backscatter wireless communication technology;
Explore the maximum transmission distance and transmission rate via
Ambient Backscatter technology;
Use case study and solution study using Ambient Backscatter technology.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
One survey reports on key technology of Ambient Backscatter wireless
communication;
One or two research reports on key technology of Ambient Backscatter
wireless communication technology;
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One design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of
Ambient Backscatter wireless communication technology, such as system
architecture;
One or two patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can
be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the
internal Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey on the Ambient Backscatter wireless
communication technology;
Phase2 (~6 months): Explore the maximum transmission distance and
transmission rate via Ambient Backscatter technology;
Phase3 (~3 months): Use case study and solution study using Ambient
Backscatter technology.
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HIRPO20160207: Research on Haze Suppression
Using Electromagnetic Wave Agglomeration
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: IRF
List of Abbreviations
PM 2.5: Particulate Matter with diameter smaller than 2.5μm
EMW: Electromagnetic Wave
3 Background
Haze weather is growing to be a global issue, which not only decreases the
traffic visibility, but also causes disease among a large number of individuals,
especially in urban area. Traditional methods of suppressing haze can merely
be used in a confined space, usually connected to a stove, which is widely
applied in coal fields. With respect to urban area, however, the haze created by
plenty of sources including automobile exhaust as well as the residues of dust
and powder from surrounding factories, is everywhere in the open space. Even
though the indoor air cleaner can exert some function, the expensive price for
an average family is a financial burden; and furthermore, the majority of people
should go outside in daily life. Therefore, a haze suppression approach for
open space is significant and emergency for protecting the environment
particularly in a heavy haze day.
Electromagnetic wave (EMW), widely used in wireless communication,
broadcasting, radar, etc., is nearly the only technology that propagates freely in
the open space and tends to be safe by controlling the transmit power. The
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implement of approaching EMW to haze suppression could make great
benefits for both public health and commercial profit. Research on this
possibility is, in a word, valuable.
4 Scope
1) Valid parameters of the EMW for haze suppression: the parameter scope of
the EMW which is valid for suppressing the concentration of PM2.5, especially
the power and frequency instigating more than 20% of the PM2.5 particles
agglomerated to PM10, should be obtained with experiment and/or theoretic
proof;
2) Charging scheme on the base station: for the outdoor haze weather, the
particles should be charged sufficient for electrical agglomeration;
3) Device design: minimizing the size and power of the device for the particle
agglomeration, for being settled on base station.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on key technology of the EMW for haze suppression;
1-2 research reports on key technology of the EMW for haze suppression;
1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of the EMW for
haze suppression;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
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Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can be
proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Researching and preparing for the experiments;
Phase2 (~6 months): Testing and searching for the valid parameter scopes of
the EMW;
Phase3 (~3 months): Compiling the reports and intellectual property material.
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HIRPO20160208: Auto-Scaling and Resource
Coordination of Network Slices
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: architecture and resource management
List of Abbreviations
NFV: Network Function Virtualization
SDN: Software Defined Network
3 Background
A digital transformation, brought by the power of connectivity, is taking place in
almost every industry. New Communication types like Vehicle-to-Vehicle and
Machine-to-Machine will emerge with different network requirements. Network
slicing will enable operators to provide networks on an xyz-as-a-service basis.
By leveraging SDN and NFV, dedicated network slices will be created on the
same physical infrastructure. Network operators should make proper decisions
based on algorithms about the lifecycle management to meet the service
requirements and enhance resource utilization.
4 Scope
Survey on characteristics of different network slices and topics of network
slice resource management, resource allocation and coordination
algorithms;
Research on service requirement of different network slices. Feature
extraction and trend prediction of service workload and resource workload;
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Definition of network attributes in network slice and setup mathematical
models;
Design auto-scaling algorithms and resource coordination algorithms
between network slices to satisfy carrier-grade reliability requirement and
enhance physical resource utilization.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on auto-scaling and network resource coordination;
1-2 research reports on auto-scaling architecture design, including
candidate schemes of optimal resource coordination for network slices;
2 algorithms analysis reports about auto-scaling and resource
coordination;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Algorithm Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technology and algorithm advancement can be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~2 months): Characteristics of different network slices and topics of
network slice resource management, resource allocation or resource
coordination algorithms;
Phase 2 (~3 months): Research on service requirement of different network
slices. Feature extraction and trend prediction of service workload and
resource workload;
Phase 3 (~7 months): Definition of network attributions in network slice and
setup mathematical models. Design auto-scaling algorithms and resource
coordination algorithms between network slices in network slice to satisfy
carrier-grade reliability requirement and enhance physical resource utilization.
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HIRPO20160209: Carrier Grade Cloud Resource
Management based on Deep Learning Technology
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: architecture and resource management
List of Abbreviations
DL: Deep Learning
3 Background
Deep learning (DL) is widely used in natural language processing, image
recognition, text recognition and other fields currently. While operating the
Telco networks, there are many system performance data and log information
that can be collected. The expert system will run resource management and
failure analysis from these data. But this method is inefficient and difficult to
adapt the revolution of complex telecommunication networks. It is a major
research topic of how to use machine learning algorithms or deep learning
algorithms to identify potential risks in telecommunications networks.
4 Scope
Survey on deep learning technology, especially in telecommunication
management;
Describe and design the architecture, model and key technology of
telecommunication management with deep learning;
Research on the Telco cloud resource management, failure prediction (not
limited) assisted by deep learning.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on carrier grade cloud resource management based on
deep learning technology;
1-2 research reports on deep learning based resource management
architecture design, including candidate schemes of optimal carrier grade
resource management;
2 algorithms analysis reports and verification about carrier grade cloud
resource management based on deep learning, such as failure prediction;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Algorithm Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technology and algorithm advancement can be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on the carrier grade cloud resource
management based on deep learning technology, including industry and
academia area;
Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on carrier grade cloud resource management
based on deep learning, including architecture design, model selection,
algorithm design and so on;
Phase 3 (~3 months): verification of the proposed algorithms.
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HIRPO20160210: Game Theory based Network Slicing
Management
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: architecture and resource management
3 Background
NFV change the way how carrier networks are architected by separating
software and hardware and leveraging virtualization technology. It brings great
flexibility, reduces service deployment complexity and speeds up service
deployment. To obtain these benefits, however, network operators have to
spend huge amount of money on carrier grade servers and operation &
maintenance. To further reduce expenses, their network could be constructed
on the public cloud. Therefore, a slice resource management mechanism that
take advantage of the public cloud service should be established to guarantee
a carrier grade service.
4 Scope
1). VM auction and pricing modeling: VM pricing based on demand and
supply in the market, take customized VM and resources in geo-distributed DC
into consideration; game theory based auction mechanism, maximize revenue
of both provider and users, support VM auction on demand, combinatorial
auction of customized VMs and online auction;
2). Deployment algorithm in public cloud: analyze the number of users and
cloud resource consumption model, determine the required VM template and
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combinatorial VM templates for a service based on traffic model; optimal
service deployment cross-DC with low latency;
3). Modeling of elastic scaling scenarios in public cloud: consider VM cost,
auto-scaling overheads, SLA violation penalty, minimize the expenses and
maximize the resource utilization;
4). According to the analysis above, validating the algorithm and solution in
public cloud.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on game theory based network slicing management;
1-2 research reports on network slicing management architecture design,
including candidate schemes of optimal network slicing management;
2 algorithms analysis reports and verification for proposed algorithms;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Algorithm Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technology and algorithm advancement can be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on game theory based network slicing
management, including industry and academia area;
Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on game theory based network slicing
management, including architecture design, model selection, algorithm design
and so on;
Phase 3 (~3 months): verification of the proposed algorithms.
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HIRPO20160211: Resource Allocation and Mapping for
Network Slices
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: architecture and resource management
3 Background
The integration of vertical markets (e.g. smart car, e-health, smart city, Internet
of Things, etc.) and the ability to support real-time critical services (e.g. virtual
reality office, real-time remote computing for mobile terminal, traffic safety and
efficiency etc.) are needed in 5G network era. Network slices as an end-to-end
virtual resource for connection will satisfy these diverse service requirements.
Virtual resources allocation and mapping for carrier grade network calls for
higher reliability. Virtual resource allocation and mapping management for
network slices serve as a key component in 5G network operation. Therefore
designing an optimal virtual resource allocation and mapping management
algorithm for network slices are of vital significance.
4 Scope
A. Survey and analysis of resource allocation and mapping management
algorithm, as well as research of the industry’s trend to implement virtual
resource allocation and mapping management;
B. Detailed definition of the environment and constraints for network slice
resource allocation and mapping, plus analysis of resource modeling;
C. Design the resource allocation and mapping management algorithms for
network slices, which meet the following requirements: fulfills
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telecommunications reliability requirement, effectively utilizes existing physical
resources and reduces resource fragments. The objectives considered include
resource utilization, load balance, reliability and energy efficiency, etc.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey and report on resource allocation and mapping for network
slices;1-2 research reports on resource allocation and mapping for
network slices, including different algorithms for optimal resource
allocation and mapping. In addition, explain how the proposed algorithm
can be adapted and verified on the dynamic industry with flexibility;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Algorithm Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technology and algorithm advancement can be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on resource allocation and mapping for network
slices, including industry and academia area;
Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on resource allocation and mapping for
network slices, including architecture design, model selection, algorithm
design and so on;
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Phase 3 (~3 months): verification of the proposed algorithms.
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HIRPO20160212: Trajectory Modeling and Generation
for Mobile Users
1 Theme: Future Networks
2 Subject: others
3 Background
Location is a unique asset for mobile operators, with wide coverage,
all-weather, high frequency, etc. Open location ability through open API can
create new revenue model. However the accuracy of user position acquired
from network is not high, that is why we need the trajectory recovery algorithm.
It requires a lot of location data of multi users to refine relative algorithm, but it
is hard to get those data. Obtain large quantities of user location data through
simulation has a positive impact on the trajectory recovery algorithm.
4 Scope
Investigation and analysis of the current mobile user tracking information,
include accuracy, sampling rate, magnitude, cost, as well as the content
and sampling rate of MR (measurement report);
Analysis of Integrated map data in simulation platform, and generate user
trajectory automatically by map data;
Modeling trajectory in simulation platform, and build large-scale scenarios,
output a large number of user trajectory, align with trajectory recovery
algorithm.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on trajectory modeling and generation for mobile users;
1-2 research reports on architecture design of trajectory modeling and
generation for mobile users, including candidate schemes of optimal
trajectory generation;
2 algorithms analysis reports and verification about proposed algorithms;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Algorithm Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technology and algorithm advancement can be proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on trajectory modeling and generation for mobile
users, including industry and academia area;
Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on trajectory modeling and generation for
mobile users, including architecture design, model selection, and algorithm
design and so on;
Phase 3 (~3 months): Verification of the proposed algorithms.
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HIRPO201603: Optical
Technology
HIRPO20160301: Advanced Package for Integrated
Optoelectronic Component
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: optical sub-assembly
List of Abbreviations
TOSA: Transmitter Optical Sub-Assembly
ROSA: Receiver Optical Sub-Assembly
3 Background
Due to the rapid growth of ultra high definition videos and migration to cloud
services, new challenges to the backbone networks are appended to operators.
To meet the evolution above, huge capacity communication equipments were
released, they helped operators to simplify the network and reduce the delay,
thus bringing an inspiring experience to users.
Due to the advantages such as high density and high integration,
optoelectronic components played a critical role in optical communication
systems. In photonic, package usually accounts for over 60% even 80% of
total cost while it is only about 10% for standard semiconductors. In this
process, many issues must be taken into consideration, such as electrical
signal integrity, light coupling efficiency, hermetic or non-hermetic sealing and
thermal management. In high frequency application, electrical crosstalk
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between signal lines, thermal crosstalk inside the package and optical
crosstalk between optical waveguides became serious, they will greatly
influence the performance of components.
According to the roadmap of optical transceivers, the “hot pluggable
transceiver” and the “on board transceiver” are two kinds of module package,
the “on board transceiver” with BGA/LGA socket electrical connector is
designed to be placed near the host ASIC achieve shorter PCB electrical
traces and better signal integrity, but the electrical I/O density and performance
per lane are still need to be improved under high speed transmission.
Therefore, advanced package of optoelectronics is considered as the most
important step to realize high frequency electrical performance and low
insertion loss optical performance of the integrated component and transceiver.
From another point of view, package is a major contribution to the
optoelectronics component cost compared to semiconductors, low-cost
package will promote low-cost components, then low-cost system equipments
and low-cost interconnections.
4 Scope
The purpose of this project is to research and design the advanced package
technologies of the optoelectronics components and transceivers for high
speed optical interconnections, demonstrate the technical feasibility, and
compare the cost and performance with traditional schemes.
The research could include, but not limited to:
1). The overall design, modeling and simulation of high speed package for
multi-channel (>=4 channels) integrated optoelectronic component, such as
TOSA and ROSA, which could satisfy the bandwidth over 40GHz per channel
and meet the transmission rate over 56Gbps (NRZ) and 112Gbps (PAM4) per
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channel, the size of 4 channels integrated TOSA and ROSA could satisfy
CFP4 or QSFP transceiver.
2). The overall design, modeling and simulation of package for multi-channel
(>=12 channels) on board transceiver, such as high speed socket solutions,
which could satisfy the bandwidth over 40GHz per channel.
3). The overall design of advanced package for low cost integrated
optoelectronic component, such as the optical chip scale package which could
satisfy the non hermetic target.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The expected outcome and deliverables are listed in the table:
# Deliverables
1 Design & Simulation Report
Overall design and simulation reports of research points in section 4 “Scope”
2 Modeling Modeling of performance simulation according to research points in section 4 “Scope”
6 Phased Project Plan
Expected project duration: 6 Months
Stage 1 2
Date (From ~ Until)
T ~ T+3 Months T+4 ~ T+6 Months
Work Plan Explore possible new design.
Carry out modeling and simulation.
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HIRPO20160302: All Optical Metro Network and Key
Technology Research
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: all optical metro network and key
technology
3 Background
Today, Web 2.0 users not only consume content, they also generate content.
Anyone can publish content on the Internet and user generated content (UGC)
has become mainstream information. In 2009, 75% of the content published on
the Internet was generated by users. The type of content users generate is
changing as well. Not only do more and more people own video or SLR
cameras that can produce high definition videos, it is increasingly easy to
publish these videos on the Internet. Users are generating an enormous
amount of digital content and the amount of information available is literally
exploding. In the coming decade, experts estimate that information available
online will increase 270 times. Processing all of this data with require massive
computing and storage capabilities. In addition, estimates project as many as 5
billion mobile broadband users, with each user consuming 50% more traffic
year to year. Total network traffic will increase 500 times over the course of ten
years. This information explosion and the digital floods result present network
carriers with unprecedented challenges.
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4 Scope
The metro optical network studied in this project is divided into metro
aggregation and metro core, the physical distance covered 100km ~ 600km.
The whole network includes 8 core node, which should have 100Tbps
switching capacity and energy consumption should be less than 10mW/Gbps.
When the signal enters the network from the network edge, it should be always
in the optical domain whenever it’s transmitted or switched, to guarantee the
E2E latency is less than 10ms.
The main purpose of this project is to build an all optical network architecture,
including key building blocks which has functions like optical signal generating,
transmitting, switching, processing, and protocols to guarantee high capacity,
low power consumption and low latency.
The research can include, but not limited to:
1). The overall architecture of all optical metro network, which can satisfy the
traffic requirement and realize fast light path setup (setup time less than
10ms).
2). The key building block models and realization solutions
Optical signal generator. Covering C band, the optical channel bandwidth
in metro core >400Gbps, in metro agg >100Gbps, and keeping the same SE
with traditional network. The sub-wavelength in optical channel can be 10Gbps
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High capacity optical switch/router. Supporting max 12 dimensions,
sub-wavelength switching granularity, and capacity up to 100Tbps, power
consumption less than 10mW/Gbps;
Low cost wavelength converter, either in optical way or electronic way;
Optical performance monitor and fast light path setup method.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The expected outcome and deliverables are listed in the table:
Deliverables
1 The overall architecture design report of all optical metro network
2 The key building blocks design report part1
3 The key building blocks design report part2
6 Phased Project Plan
Stage
1 2 3
Date (from-until)
T*~T+3 Months T+4 ~T+8 Months
T+9 ~T+12 Months
Work Description
To explore possible new optical network architecture that can satisfy the requirement described in section 5 Scope and section 7 .
To explore the key building blocks realization of corresponding new optical network
To explore the key building blocks realization of corresponding new optical network
Output The overall architecture design report of all optical metro network
The key building blocks design report part1
The key building blocks design report part2
Evaluation Criteria
The document can be accepted
The design document can
The design document can be
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by Huawei’s Review Group.
be accepted by Huawei’s Review Group
accepted by Huawei’s Review Group
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HIRPO20160303: Research and Develop a Fast
Algorithm to Assign Traffic in Multi-OXC under Given
Traffic Demand
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: optical switch in DC network
List of Abbreviations
OXC: Optical cross connect
3 Background
Today’s datacenters aggregate tremendous amounts of compute and storage
capacity, driving demand for network switches with ever-increasing port counts
and line speeds. However, supporting these demands with existing packet
switching technology is becoming increasingly expensive in cost, heat, power,
and cabling. Optical interconnection is a promising solution due to its
advantages in terms of lower latency, higher throughput, and lower power
consumption. But optical switching equipment lags behind electrical switches
in terms of managing low switch granularities and its relatively slow switching
time. So a suitable control plane will need to be devised: to support effective
scheduling algorithms to maximize throughput while reducing the latency.
4 Scope
Like c-though and Helios optical switch, only one OXC cannot satisfy the
bandwidth requirement in future DC. And the reliability is also low, as if the
OXC break down the whole optical switch cannot work. So it is very import to
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deploy multi parallel OXC. In this case it is important to find a fast matching
algorithm to assign traffic between multi parallel OXC to get max throughput.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Algorithm in C++/ Matlab and Simulation report.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The time complexity of the algorithm can be improved by 50% compare with
some classical algorithm like Islip, Edmond.
7 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration: 1 year.
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HIRPO20160304: Traffic Characteristics Analysis and
Traffic Generator for DC
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: DC network
3 Background
Today’s datacenters aggregate tremendous amounts of compute and storage
capacity, driving demand for network switches with ever-increasing port counts
and line speeds. However, supporting these demands with existing packet
switching technology is becoming increasingly expensive in cost, heat, power,
and cabling. Optical interconnection is a promising solution due to its
advantages in terms of lower latency, higher throughput, and lower power
consumption. But optical switching equipment lags behind electrical switches
in terms of managing low switch granularities and its relatively slow switching
time. So to enable communication between different servers in a datacenter
with low latency and high reliability using optical switch, the characteristics of
various traffic flows in datacenter networks should be considered carefully. If
we know the accurate traffic characteristics in DC, we can design suitable
optical switch architecture and traffic scheduling algorithm to let the optical
switch can play a role.
4 Scope
Capturing characteristics of actual intra-datacenter traffic for different kind of
DC, and develop the corresponding traffic model; which can help to estimate
the performance of optical switch architecture and scheduling algorithm
sufficiently.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Report on traffic characteristics for different DC and different application;
method on traffic generator with different characters; code which can generate
traffic with different traffic.
6 Acceptance Criteria
For different kind DC, the mathematical models can be developed to descript
the characteristics.
7 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration: 1 year.
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HIRPO20160305: Control of MEMS Piezoelectric
Actuator with No Hysteresis and Creep
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: electrical driver design
List of Abbreviations
MEMS: Micro-electro-mechanical system
AFM: Atomic Force Microscope
WSS: Wavelength-selective switch
3 Background
The voltage-dependent displacement curves of piezoelectric actuators have a
strongly nonlinear course that is subject to hysteresis due to the extrinsic
domain contributions. It is therefore not possible to interpolate linearly from the
nominal displacement to intermediate positions with a particular driving voltage.
In fact, most of MEMS piezoelectric actuators application needs accurate
control, which means the set displacement of piezoelectric actuators should be
achieved by a particular driving voltage without deviation. In the other hand,
high speed driving property is also an important requirement in some special
application such as piezoelectric actuator probe of AFM and MEMS mirror
array of WSS.
The objective of this project is analysis and finds the solution to solve or avoid
the hysteresis and creep effect for MEMS piezoelectric actuators, following the
questions:
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What is the piezoelectric actuator driving approach? Can the presented charge
control realize MHz driving speed? How to realize model control? What is the
low cost way of feedback control drive? Which approach can realize accurate
and high speed control simultaneously?
Additional explanations
Piezoelectric material:typical PZT,chemical formula Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3
Hysteresis:In open-loop voltage-controlled operation, the displacement curves
of piezoelectric actuators show a strong hysteresis, which usually rises with an
increasing voltage or field strength. Especially high values result for shear
actuators or with bipolar control. The reason for these values is the increasing
involvement of extrinsic polarity reversal processes in the overall signal.
Creep: creep describes the change in the displacement over time with an
unchanged drive voltage. The creep speed decreases logarithmically over time.
The same material properties that are responsible for the hysteresis also
cause the creep behavior.
4 Scope
How to solve or avoid the hysteresis and creep effect for MEMS piezoelectric
actuators?
Research scope:
1) Investigate various control methods for MEMS piezoelectric actuators,
including but not limited to charge drive, capacitance insertion drive, model
drive and feedback control drive;
2) Evaluate the advantage and disadvantage of each method, including but not
limited to improvement level, difficulty level and cost control;
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3) Propose feasible solutions to driving multiple MEMS piezoelectric actuators
simultaneously, including but not limited to hysteresis and creep reducing
method, circuit design, algorithm, performance prediction and test;
4) Give solutions to high speed driving circuit according to the fast response
requirement of piezoelectric actuators, including but not limited to high speed
device selection, high speed circuit design, performance prediction and test.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Technical investigation report on control methods for MEMS piezoelectric
actuators;
2) Technical proposal of reducing or avoiding hysteresis and creep effect for
MEMS piezoelectric actuators;
3) Layout of circuit;
4) Document of control algorithm;
5) Optimization report, test report and related technical documents;
6) Control module.
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) For the technical investigation report on control methods for MEMS
piezoelectric actuators: the report should give various control methods for
eliminating hysteresis and creep effect of MEMS piezoelectric actuators, and
also need give the advantage and disadvantage of each method, the
technology developing tendency in academy and industrial and the potential
technology provider;
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2) For the technical proposal: the proposal should give reasonable reason for
the proposal, and provide adequate evidence to support it, besides, the
technical proposal should pass the review by Huawei;
3) For the technical documents: the documents should give detailed
description of control principle, circuit and performance evaluation. Specially,
the data of test documents should be real and the analysis should be
reasonable, and attach the testing environment, test method and test
instrument;
4) For the control module: the control module should satisfy the accuracy
requirement of MEMS piezoelectric actuators.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~2 months): investigate various control methods and find a feasible
solution for MEMS piezoelectric actuators; Delivery: technical investigation
report and technical proposal;
Phase2 (~5 months): develop single path control module, verify algorithm and
test the module with MEMS piezoelectric actuators; Delivery: single path
control module, layout of driving module, document of algorithm and related
technical documents;
Phase3 (~5months): module optimization, develop multipath control module,
verify algorithm and test the module with MEMS piezoelectric actuators;
Delivery: optimization report, multipath control module, layout of driving
module, document of algorithm and related technical documents;
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HIRPO20160306: Electrical Packaging of Large Scale
MEMS Device Array
1 Theme: Optical technology
2 Subject: electrical package
List of Abbreviations
MEMS: Micro-electro-mechanical system
TSV: Through-silicon via
SOI: Semiconductor-on-insulator
3 Background
The huge growth of communication band requires optical and electrical chips
to have large number of I/O ports, smaller volume, higher speed and lower
power consumption. MEMS device array based on semiconductor-on-
Insulator (SOI) substrate is one of the important solutions for large port optical
and electrical integrated chips. Electrical packaging is essential for the product
application of such optical and electrical chips. However, large number of
electrical I/O means high density metal pads for electrical signal. Therefore, it
becomes a big challenge to successfully package this kind of chips to keep
high speed signal integrity, low signal crosstalk, small parasitic capacitance,
especially when the number of metal pads exceeds 1000 and even 3000. In
addition, there is movable actuators on MEMS chip that lead to special
hermetic and mechanical considerations.
The objective of this project is to analyze and find the answer of the following
question.
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What kinds of solution will be feasible to electrically package these MEMS
device array? Wire-bonding, flip-chip bumping with through-silicon via (TSV) or
copper pillar? What kinds of chip design or fabrication process is needed?
4 Scope
How to package MEMS device array that has large number of electrical I/O
ports? Research scope:
1) Investigate various electrical packaging techniques for MEMS device array;
2) Identify advantages and drawbacks of electrical packaging techniques for
MEMS device array that has high density metal pads, including but not limited
to wire-bonding and flip-chip bumping;
3) Propose feasible solutions to the electrical packaging techniques for
SOI-MEMS device array that has high density metal pads, including but not
limited to chip design for packaging, fabrication process, expected packaging
specification and potential packaging service providers;
4) Provide samples and necessary experimental verification on electrical
packaged sample chips and packaging process results that can prove the
feasibility of proposal.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Technical investigation report on electrical packaging techniques for MEMS
device array;
2) Technical proposal to realize the electrical packaging of SOI-MEMS device
array;
3) Chip samples that are used to verify the feasibility of proposed solution;
4) Technical documents including the packaging chip design, fabrication
process and experimental characterization.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
1) For the technical investigation report: the report should give a detailed
description on various electrical packaging techniques, including but not
limited to wire-bonding and flip-chip bumping, as well as advantages,
drawback, scientific/industrial trends and potential service providers of
different technologies;
2) For the technical proposal: it should clearly describe on the principle and
feasibility of packaging solution, including but not limited to special chip design
for packaging, packaging process;
3) For chip samples: chips that are verified by experiments and satisfy the
expected performance;
4) For technical documents: detailed description and analysis on the whole
packaging process, including necessary illustration on
function/process/characterization of delivered chip samples.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Investigate various techniques and find a solution;
Delivery: technical investigation report and technical proposal;
Phase2 (~8 months): Work plan for Stage 2: chip design and fabrication
process---round one: process developing and chip fabrication/characterization;
Delivery: chip samples and technical documents;
Phase3 (~8 months): Chip design and fabrication process---round two:
process optimization and chip fabrication/characterization; Delivery: technical
documents and chip samples that satisfy expectation.
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HIRPO20160307: Optical Dual-Polarization Input and
Output Coupling Solution
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: silicon photonics
List of abbreviations
PIC: Photonic Integrated Circuit
TE/TM: Transverse Electrical/Transverse Magnetic
DGD: Differential Group Delay
PDL:Polarization Dependent Loss
3 Background
Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) is becoming an attractive platform for integrated
photonic circuits because the high refractive index contrast of the silicon
waveguides makes the chips be compact and cost-effective. However, the
high refractive index contrast and wavelength-scale dimensions make
photonic waveguide inherently polarization sensitive, and most of the silicon
photonics circuits are designed for a single polarization. On the other hand, the
signal polarization is unknown and keeps changing in a common single-mode
fiber. So it is very challenging to achieve stable and high optical coupling
efficiency.
And in some applications as such polarization multiplexing system, two
orthogonal polarizations are expected to be coupled into a silicon photonic chip
and be handled effectively. Especially when the signals are coded in advanced
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optical modulation formats, polarization issues, i.e. polarization dependent loss
(PDL) and differential group delay (DGD), are critical problems. One possible
idea is to use polarization diversity scheme. In this system, two orthogonal
polarizations are separately coupled to a twin functional blocks at the same
time, where both polarizations are converted to identical ones, e.g. TE
polarizations, and pass through the twin photonic circuits in parallel.
One of the key components of polarization diversity scheme is I/O coupler (or
coupling solution) between the fiber and the chip. Ideal I/O coupler should
have the following features:
Low coupling loss;
Large fabrication tolerance;
Large alignment tolerance;
Low PDL and DGD;
Low cost.
Currently, it is reported that the state of art 2D polarization splitting grating
coupler achieved ~5 dB coupling loss and the edge coupling solution achieved
less 2 dB coupling loss, which limit the actual applications. It is desirable to
realize an even better fiber-to-chip coupling solution for silicon photonics
technology.
4 Scope
How to realize high performance optical dual-polarization I/O coupling for
silicon photonics?
The project involves the theoretical design and experimental verification of
dual polarization I/O coupling solution. For numerical modeling and design,
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researchers may use custom models and/or may leverage existing commercial
photonic software.
The scope of the study should include, but not limited to, the following:
1) Reducing coupling loss for dual-polarizations from single mode fiber to
silicon photonic chip;
2) Design and fabrication of optical devices in optical coupling solution.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Technical documents of design, fabrication, and test;
2) Publications in peer-reviewed Journals and renowned International
Conferences;
3) Experiment results on polarization independent I/O solution for silicon
photonic circuits;
4) Patents on novel structures (of applicable);
5) Prototype of the polarization independent solution.
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) Reports on materials system and device design;
2) Presentation of summary to the technical committee at the conclusion of
each phase of the project;
3) Experiment results on the corresponding devices;
4) Acceptance of Journal papers and conference papers;
5) Patent disclosures that pass the IPR review process.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~1 month): High level discussion about proposed modeling; Delivery:
technical investigation report and technical proposal;
Phase2 (~2 months): Theoretical study/simulation of key optical devices;
Delivery: simulation results and technical documents;
Phase3 (~2months): Fabrication and test these key optical devices; Delivery:
chip samples, test results and technical documents;
Phase4 (~3months): Key optical devices design modification and architecture
design; Delivery: modified optical devices design, architecture design, and
technical documents;
Phase5 (~4months): Fabrication and characterize of the coupling architecture
design; Delivery: chip samples that satisfy expectation and technical
documents.
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HIRPO20160308: Silicon based SOA Hybrid Integration
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: Silicon photonics
List of Abbreviations
SiPh: Silicon photonics
SOA: Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
TEC: Thermoelectric Cooler
3 Background
Silicon photonics (SiPh) platform is suitable to large-scale photonics
integration. Silicon nanowire waveguides permit small bending radii of several
micrometers, which enable compact optical devices such as switch matrix.
However, large-scale switch matrix suffers from large cumulative optical losses
(on-chip loss of about 15 dB for 32x32 thermo-optic switch matrix) due to the
elements, such as phase shifters, couplers and intersections. Therefore,
on-chip optical amplification has become key function for SiPh platform to
compensate for those losses. Since silicon waveguides do not have optical
gain, hybrid integration of InP semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) on SiPh
platform are expected to be a near-term solution. Until now, various
approaches have been investigated to realize in-line optical amplification of
about 10 dB, including wafer-bonding and flip-chip bonding technology.
For in-line amplification, both input and output waveguides of SOAs should be
coupled to silicon waveguides. It is important to reduce the optical coupling
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losses at both sides of SOAs caused by waveguide size conversion, optical
reflection, and misalignment.
The performance of SOA is sensitive to temperature rising. Operation at about
100mA current and 25℃ is generally realized under TEC control. For
multi-channel SOA array, large thermal-power consumption on small chip area
will lead to high temperature rising, making the temperature control more
challenging. It is also important to optimize the thermal design of whole chip.
4 Scope
The project involves the theoretical modeling and experimental verification of
optical coupling losses and thermal design of hybrid integration of
multi-channel SOA array on SiPh platform.
The scope of the study should include, but not limited to, the following:
1) Reducing optical coupling losses considering waveguide size conversion,
optical reflection, and misalignment;
2) Thermal design of hybrid integration of multi-channel SOA array on SiPh
platform, which can realize high performance with TEC control.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Technical documents of design, fabrication, and test;
2) Samples of hybrid integration SOA array on SiPh platform;
3) Modeling code, or model files in commercial design tools;
4) Publications in peer-reviewed Journals and renowned International
Conferences;
5) Patents on novel structures (of applicable).
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6 Acceptance Criteria
1) Reports on design, fabrication, and test;
2) Presentation of summary to the technical committee at the conclusion of
each phase of the project;
3) Acceptance of Journal papers and conference papers;
4) Patent disclosures that pass the IPR review process.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~1 month): High level discussion about proposed solution;
Phase2 (~5 months): Theoretical modeling of optical coupling losses and
thermal design of hybrid integration of SOA array on SiPh platform;
Phase3 (~6 months): Experimental verification of optical coupling losses and
thermal design of hybrid integration of SOA array on SiPh platform.
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HIRPO20160309: Research on the Wide-Temperature
Operating MUX/DeMUX
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: silicon photonics research
3 Background
MUX/DeMUX is an essential component as to silicon photonic WDM
application. However, it is difficult to guarantee the performance in a wide
temperature due to the silicon high temperature-optical index. Silicon is a high-
index material, leading to low accurate fabrication tolerance, and the crosstalk
between adjacent channels is poor generally.
4 Scope
1) Summarize the MUX/DeMUX solution, covering the Top 5 institutes and Top
3 companies;
2) Simulate and fabricate the wide-temperature MUX/DeMUX structure for SOI
CWDM application (O band, 20nm channel), with the standard SOI wafer
(220/340nm silicon waveguide thickness), and the temperature should cover
-10~70℃.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Silicon photonic MUX/DeMUX summarization report, considering the
mechanism, pros and cons, and covering Top 5 institutes and Top 3
companies;
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Simulation and verification report as to CWDM MUX/DeMUX: fabrication >5
times, Chip size >1pcs/time, Device size >10pcs/ chip;
One patent related to wide- temperature MUX/DeMUX.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Summarization report should provide pros and cons for each solutions;
Crosstalk between adjacent channels >25dB, between nonadjacent
channels>30dB, covering the temperature from -5℃ to 70℃ and 20nm O
band;
Chips size >5pcs, device size >50pcs;
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year.
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HIRPO20160310: 3D Single Mode Waveguide Research
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: optical engineering technology
3 Background
As technology developed, now 2D waveguide can’t satisfy high density optical
output requirement. What’s more, now silicon photonics has more and more
requirement toward optical spot size conversion. This project focuses on the
research of 3D chip to fiber structure, Including spot size conversion, 90degree
3D waveguide turning, and 3D high density waveguide.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved:
Provide high accuracy, low insertion loss 3D waveguide.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Low loss 3D waveguide, spot size converter samples, design reports and test
reports;
High density 3D waveguide converter samples, design reports and test
reports.
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) 3D waveguide
Table 1 key specifications of 3D waveguide
No Description parameter Unit Notes
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1 Wavelength 1310 nm
2 Channel number 4 Channel
3 pitch 250 Um
4 Pitch accuracy +/-0.5 Um
5 Waveguide insertion
loss
<1.2 dB Fiber in to fiber
out
6 Spot size 9 um
7 Turning diameter <15 mm
2) Spot size convertor
Table 2 key specifications of Spot size convertor
No Description parameter Unit Notes
1 Wavelength 1310 nm
2 Channel number 4 Channel
3 pitch 250 Um
4 Pitch accuracy +/-0.5 Um
5 Waveguide insertion
loss
<1.2 dB Fiber in to fiber out
6 Spot size(front facet) 9 um
7 Spot size(back facet) 4 um
8 Waveguide length <4 mm
3) Low loss waveguide
Table 3 key specifications of Low loss waveguide
No Description Parameters Unit Notes
1 Wavelength 1310 or
1550
nm
2 Waveguide insertion
loss
<0.1 dB/cm
3 Spot size 9 um
4) 3D spot size converter
Table 4 key specifications of 3D SSC
No Description Parameters Unit Notes
1 Wavelength 1310 nm
2 Waveguide shape 7Core 3D to 2D
3 Waveguide insertion
loss
<2 dB Fiber in to fiber out
4 Spot size(front facet) 9 um
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5 Spot size(back facet) 4 um
6 waveguide length <4 mm
7 Pitch(front facet) 60 um
8 Pitch(back facet) 127 um
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year.
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HIRPO20160311: Research on Dust Proof Solution for
High Density Optical Connector
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: optical connector research
3 Background
Optical interconnection is becoming widely adopted for both Data Center (DC)
and Communication Technology (CT) applications because the traditional
electrical interconnection can’t fulfill the increasing bandwidth requirements.
Thus optical connectors are key components in such applications. For various
schemes of high speed communication, high density connectors are employed,
such as the MPO/MTP connectors. Especially, the application of backplane
interconnection will be highly developed, as the front-plane connection cannot
meet the demand of transmission and switching capacity. The application on
backplane is difficult for maintenance, thus the dust proof performance is
critical. In this program, we call for new ideas for dust proof solution for the
high density optical connector.
4 Scope
Consider new ideas for effective dust-proof solutions. Technical area could be
as follows (but not limited), end surface coating, self-cleaning method, dust
protective mechanics, and so on.
Detailed technical analysis for the design:
Conduct sample build and test to verify the performance for solution.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical analysis and design document;
Samples and test report;
Idea for one patent.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Technical report should include detailed analysis for the solution, and the
design is potential in mass production;
Verification test should include the main reliability test items in optical
communication, and the solution is proved effective;
The idea for patent pass related review.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year.
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HIRPO20160312: Self Cleaning Coating for Optical
Fiber Modules
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: self cleaning coating for optical fiber
modules
3 Background
In optical switch, there exists air cooling system. Due to the constraints of the
air cooling system, it is difficult to clean the relevant connector ports. The
insertion loss of the optical fiber connection was significantly affected by the
dust. There is a need to have the connector ports free from dust.
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4 Scope
To develop a kind of coating that can be self cleaning free from dust.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Targeted module: MT single mode connector with a < 9um core for 10 years of
application;
Dust free for wave length 850nm, 1310nm, 1550n.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Meet the objectives defined under section 5.
7 Phased Project Plan
1~2 years.
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HIRPO20160313: Comfort Index under Optical
Environment - Research Concerning Safety of
<Receiving Continual Radiation of Visible Light within
Short Distance>
1 Theme: Optical technology
2 Subject: safety of optical technology
3 Background
More and more new use of optical technology (such as AR/VR, 3D projection)
appears. It’s margin concerning safety of receiving continual radiation of visible
light within short distance for long time. Then, how long time exposed under
radiation is safe? How much radiation is safe within short distance (close to
eye)? It’s a topic eagerly requested us.
4 Scope
How long time exposed under different radiation is safe? and how much
radiation with different exposure time is safe in super short distance?
Remark: it’s aim at visible light (main range from 390nm to 780nm).
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Report of research concerning safety of <receiving continual radiation of
visible light within short distance>;
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Theory and date of basic science is enough, covering main scene of
application of visible light. Give suggestion of application of visible light within
different condition.
7 Phased Project Plan
1~2 years.
Stage 1: physiological theory
Work plan for Stage 1: Fill out effect and physiological theory: visible light to
vision system of eye (including classification of group, such as baby, children,
adult and the aged);
Stage 2: test data of basic science
Work plan for Stage 2: Add test data of radiation: not only safety but also
comfort index under different optical environment in a long period. According
different classification, draw a conclusion which is useful suggestion of limit of
radiation in different condition.
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HIRPO20160314: Power Supply and Data
Transmission via Wireless Laser or THz
1 Theme: Optical Technology
2 Subject: radio transmission technology
3 Background
Wireless laser or THz electromagnetic wave propagation in the air has better
direction and less power loss. So wireless laser or THz electromagnetic wave
can not only transmit data, but also transmit power. Researching the power
and data integration wireless transmission technology will make the no tail site
possible.
4 Scope
1).Investigate the reliability and commercial cost of wireless laser or THz
based communication and wireless charging;
2).Research towards consumption wireless laser or THz technology used to
transmit or charging;
3).Research towards autonomous alignment solutions for wireless laser and
THz technology.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) 1 survey reports on key technology;
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2) Research towards consumption laser or THz communication and charging.
The objects are 500Mbps of transmit rateis, more than 30% of power efficiency
and 5w of power level;
3) 1-2 patents and 1 publication submission;
4) 1 prototype of technical identification.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can be
proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~2 months): Investigate the reliability and commercial cost of wireless
laser or THz based communication and wireless charging;
Phase2 (~7 months): Research towards consumption wireless laser or THz
technology used to transmit or charging;
Phase3 (~3 months): Research towards autonomous alignment solutions for
wireless laser and THz technology.
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HIRPO201604: Storage
Technology
HIRPO20160401: Windows SMB Client Behavior
Analysis
1 Theme: Storage Technology
2 Subject: storage protocol
3 Background
SMB NAS storage is essential and very widely used protocol, developed
rapidly in recent years; the latest version has been developed to 3.02. In
addition, Windows Azure public cloud also vigorously promotes the SMB
protocol, within a few years, SMB is still in the stage of constant evolution and
optimization.
SMB protocol itself has related specifications, but this specification is not very
transparent, a lot of compatibility issues occur because we do not know the
windows client behavior. Currently more than 60 SMB compatibility issues
were found at our product, In addition to contrast the rival company and
consult Microsoft, there is no effective way to resolve the compatibility issues,
and Microsoft Consulting cycle is very long, at least a month, and Microsoft
response effect is not ideal, problem-solving rate is less than 10%.
Through this cooperation project, we can quickly learn the client knowledge
and improve the analysis efficiency of compatibility issues, it is very import to
the developing and developed products.
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In addition, through this cooperation project, we plan to achieve the following
objectives:
Processing time of compatibility issues reduce 30%-50%, compatibility issues
reduce 10%-20%;
Increasing the technical reserves of client knowledge, providing technical
assistance to the development of new features;
4 Scope
In this paper, the Windows client API interface is the windows file system API,
for the common mainstream applications (vdbench, office software, etc.) used.
The Windows client in this paper includes Windows XP, Windows Server 2003,
Windows Server2008 R2, Windows 7, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server
2012 R2.
In this paper, the testing tool development language is preferred C/C++.
1) Windows client API compatibility testing tools, including:
Support graphical interface;
Support API interface concurrent operation, maximum 10000, 1 by
default;
Support API interface and flexible configuration parameters;
Support API interface call cycle;
Support API interface number set;
Support running at Windows XP, windows Server 2003, Windows
Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, windows server 2012, windows server
2012 R2;
2) Windows client API compatibility reports, including:
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Detailed description and difference analysis of all API interface and
parameter at mainstream windows client(Windows XP and windows
Server2003, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, windows
server2012, windows server 2012 R2, the same bellow);
All API call trace analysis form filesystem layer to SMB protocol layer
at mainstream windows client;
SMB package analysis triggered by All API at mainstream windows
client;
Behavior analysis when receiving different error code at mainstream
windows client;
Office software (office2003, office2007, Office2010) API call trace
analysis form filesystem layer to SMB protocol layer;
3) Windows client cache analysis report, including:
The principle of windows client cache and the relationship with SMB
oplock/lease;
Cache size, failure time and cache configuration analysis at
mainstream Windows client;
Difference analysis of mainstream windows client behavior when open
or close client cache;
4) Windows client performance testing tools, including:
Support basic performance statistics to all Windows client API,
statistical values including the maximum delay, minimum delay,
average delay , number of errors, request number for each API;
Support API interface concurrency with maximum 10000, default value
is 1;
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5) Windows client performance test report, including:
The mainstream windows client API performance test value in the
same set of SMB server, test scenarios is 2 windows client with 2000
concurrent API;
Difference analysis of API performance of different clients.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of energy efficiency model and analysis for Massive MIMO;
The Windows client API compatibility test tool;
The Windows client API compatibility report;
The Windows client cache Analysis report;
The Windows client performance testing tools;
The Windows client performance test report.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): deliver Windows client cache Analysis Report
Phase2 (~4 months): deliver Windows client API compatibility testing tools and
windows client performance testing tools
Phase3 (~4 months): deliver Windows client API compatibility report and
windows client performance test report
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HIRPO20160403: Low Latency and Distributed
Network Communication Component Research based
on RoCE
1 Theme: Storage Technology
2 Subject: non volatile memory
3 Background
In recent years, non-volatile memory (such as RRAM, PCM, MRAM,
STTRAM,etc) technologies have made great progress, their high persistence,
high performance, low latency, high density and low power consumption bring
us more hope for enhancing the storage system capabilities.
The commercial progress of NVM is much faster, some product will be
released in 2018, the persistent capability of NVM is much better than DRAM,
the performance and latency of NVM is much better than Flash(1000x better),
NVM is very strong in performance, persistent and capacity, NVM will be
widely used in future distributed system.
In future distributed system, we will face some great challenges in using NVM
features sufficiently:
1). NVM’s write/read latency is decreasing ceaselessly, lower than 1
microsecond, the existing network communication technology latency is higher,
that will impact NVM capability in distributed system, so we need more
high-speed network communication technology to support using NVM in
distributed system.
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2). NVM can guarantee data persistent, different with DRAM, but there are
great challenges to guarantee data safe and reliable in each node NVM during
data transmission (when transport data through network, the data may reside
in CPU L2,L3 Cache, data doesn’t arrive NVM immediately, when nodes break
down, the data may lose),we need to guarantee data safe and reliable when
written to NVM through network and keep data consistency when host node
breaks down.
4 Scope
Build network communication component for NVM based on RoCE, supply
control and data plane API, guarantee low latency, high performance, high
scalability and high data reliability.
1. Provide APIs for application(such as distributed cache)
Provide connection management API(such as create connection, cancel
connection, etc.), when connection errors, that can be solved normally without
impacting application;
Provide register API for NVM address space, when connection errors,
ensure there is no influence for application to use these NVM address;
Provide write/read API base on RDMA,these APIs can transport data
among NVMs in each node directly, and guarantee data arrives NVM safely
and reliably(support single IO data consistency and multi IOs data
consistency);
Provide Send/Receive msg API based on RDMA, so the network
communication component will be with ability to send and receive messages;
2. Support high scalability, low latency, high performance and
guarantee data high reliability, when system break down, guarantee data
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transported through network communication component consistency
Support high scalability(1K nodes, through test and theoretical derivation
to verify it);
In 4KB IO scenario, single concurrent IO latency <= 4us; 32 concurrent
80W IOPS 99% IO latency < 40us, use 4 CPU cores, total consumption lower
40%;
guarantee data arrives NVM safely and reliably and guarantee data
transported through network communication component consistency, when
system break down;
The green area is the scope of this study, Network transport level provides
interface for application (distributed cache). In order to guarantee performance
and reliability, you can modify the driver and hardware to form a combination of
software and hardware solutions.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Design document and Prototype code
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Provide a design document to describe detail design and describe
how and why this design can solve above issues;
Provide Prototype code with clear instructions, prototype code can
work smoothly;
2) Test and analysis Report
Test Code with clear instructions;
Technical report to prove the result;
3) Patents idea
At least 2 patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria& Method
All deliverables must be reviewed by Huawei and presented to Huawei directly;
Service Deliverables will be document deliverables (e.g. word, Excel,
PowerPoint, etc.);
Guidance documents and report must be detailed enough and can guide
Huawei engineers verifying on soft platform;
The performance of New NVM Programming Model should meet the
requirements.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Provide a design document to describe detail design and
describe how and why this design can solve above issues;
Phase2 (~4 months): Provide Prototype code with clear instructions, prototype
code can work smoothly;
Phase3 (~5 months): Test Code with clear instructions; Technical report to
prove the result.
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HIRPO20160404: Double the Energy Density of the
Lithium Ion Battery
1 Theme: Storage Technology
2 Subject: battery energy storage technology
3 Background
Lithium ion batteries are widely used as power sources and energy storage
devices in our daily life. Despite the great success of lithium ion batteries up to
now, higher demand has been raised with the emergence of new-generation
electronic products, such as ultrathin and ultra-light devices. Innovation in
battery technology is thus highly desired to fulfill the ever increasing demand of
higher power/energy density, better rate capability.
4 Scope
High energy density batteries are urgently needed for the consumer electronic
applications. The value of energy density of commercial lithium ion batteries
with 650Wh/L can’t meet the customer’s expectation. The traditional electrode
material and design nearly reach its theory limitation. High capacity
cathode/anode electrode materials and battery system need be investigated.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Prototype batteries with energy density of 1300Wh/L (with 200cycles) are
provided.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Energy density of 1300Wh/L (with 200cycles) is achieved.
7 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration (year): 2 years;
Phase1 (~12 months): Energy density 1000Wh/L with 200cycles;
Phase2 (~12 months): Energy density 1300Wh/L with 200cycles
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HIRPO20160405: Unify Interface Reduced ECC
Scheme for Hybrid Memory
1 Theme: Storage Technology
2 Subject: reliability-error detecting and correcting
3 Background
Tradition CPU side memory Controller read and write DRAM media in directly,
because DRAM media bit error rate is high, so the reliability requirement is
high.
NVM access difference: Module is responsible for the NVM storage and
transmission error, the MC just need to detect DDR bus error, thus Reduced
ECC requirements are put forward.
Figure1 the difference ECC requirement between DRAM and NVM
DRAMChip
DDR BUSTransmit
error only
NVM dataStorage
error
ECCFor Both
Bus&Storage
MC
X3DModule
Controller
NVM BUSTransmit
error
DDR BUSTransmit
error only
ECCFor
right
ECCFor DDR
BUS Trans
MC
NVM dataStorage
error
ReducedECC
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4 Scope
Main application scenarios: Hybrid channel in NVDIMM and standard DRAM
DIMM, NVM some information needs to occupy the original ECC transmission,
such as DRAM as a Cache for NVDIMM, the Cache Tag is in DRAM ECC
space. the traditional 64 byte of DATA provided by the additional 8 bytes of
DATA at the SEC/DED (single bit error correction, double bit) ability of ECC
into 68 byte DATA (64 byte DATA + 4 byte TAG) provided by ECC 4 bytes of
additional DATA protection, and must at least do the at least do the detection
error function and retransmission the data.
Commercial value: benefit NVDIMM and standard DRAM DIMM mixed
interpolation, DRAM as a Cache for NVDIMM scenario for system
performance.
5 Main challenges:
1). The proportion of the ECC data protection turn <64 bytes: 8 bytes> into a
<68 bytes: 4 bytes>, or <64 bytes: 4 Byte> at least, and must at least do the
detection function and retransmission the data;
2). The ECC algorithm can't too slow, shall meet the DDR4 requirement in
nanosecond level;
3). Little expenses of hardware implementation as far as possible.
6 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1). The reduced ECC scheme design report which include: coding and
decoding scheme, error-detecting capacity Evaluation, Error detection circuit
design;
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2). Reduced ECC:The reduced ECC experiment and simulation report,
simulate the improvement degree RBER circuit delay.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~2 months): The reduced ECC scheme design report which include:
coding and decoding scheme, error-detecting capacity Evaluation;
Phase2 (~4 months): Error detection circuit design;
Phase3 (~6 months): The reduced ECC experiment and simulation report,
simulate the improvement degree RBER circuit delay.
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HIRPO20160406: Cross Layer Co-design for Flash
Memory based Storage Systems
1 Theme: Storage Technology
2 Subject: flash memory
List of Abbreviations
eMMC: Embedded Multi Media Card
UFS: Universal Flash Storage
PCIe: Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
3 Background
Flash memory has been developed for several decades. In order to provide
unified storage interface to applications, flash memory also use the block
interface. In this case, flash memory acts like a block device. This scheme has
boost the fast deployment of flash memory in the early days. For example,
most of the flash device interfaces, such as eMMC, UFS and PCIe, embedded
controllers to manage the flash storage. However, due to complex
characteristics of flash memory, its controller design becomes complicated.
For example, several modules need to be implemented in controller, including
address mapping, garbage collection, wear leveling, error correction, bad
block management, buffer management, parallelism exploration and so on.
The complicated design of flash controller introduces several issues, including
high controller design cost, un-matching design between flash storage and
host systems, which still remain challenging for further deployment of flash
memory especially coming to the advanced flash memory with limited
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performance and lifetime. What’s worse, several designs at the host even may
conflict with the designs in the flash controller, because flash controller always
acts like a block box to host designers. Clearly, simply providing the block
interface to host system is not the best way for designing flash storage
systems.
One good chance for flash memory based storage systems is to do cross layer
co-design to match the requirements between host systems and flash
controllers, and release burden on the controller design. With this in mind, the
cost on the controller design can be reduced and the host system can well
match with the storage system design. For this purpose, the cross layer
co-design should be able to reduce cost and simplify controller design, besides
achieving good performance. However, how to identify the un-matching of host
systems and flash controller and how to design for matching is still not clear.
What’s more, how to release the burden of the flash controller design is also
unclear. The objective of this proposal is to identify the mismatch between
flash controllers and host system design for flash memory, determine what
kind of functions should be crossly co-designed, and then provide an efficient
flash controller design.
4 Scope
The scope of this project includes but not limited to:
Understanding the mismatch in the design of flash memory controller and
host system;
Co-design framework of flash memory controller and host systems;
Optimization on flash memory controller.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
One paper and one patent;
A report describing the detailed design and implementation of the
proposed method.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Pass:
1 paper is accepted at the top international conference in related area
such as FAST, DAC, DATE, ISCA, and HPCA;
1 patent passes Huawei’s review;
Fail: Cannot deliver a patent or a paper;
Excellent:
One or more patents are delivered, AND
One or more paper is accepted.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~6 months): Deliver a patent;
Phase 2 (~6 months): Deliver a paper.
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HIRPO20160407: Design of an Error Aware Framework
for Flash Memory based Storage Systems
1 Theme: Storage Technology
2 Subject: flash memory
List of Abbreviations
NAND: Negative-AND
3D: Three Dimension
3 Background
NAND flash memory has been widely used in smartphone, embedded systems,
personal computer, and data centers. During the last decades, the
development of flash memory relies on two approaches: technology scaling
and bit density improvement, which may be no longer applicable now. Instead,
recent 3D-based technology extends the development of flash. However, even
though 3D NAND flash memory is able to relax the reliability issue, its
performance and lifetime are still pending to be improved. Considering
reliability, performance, and lifetime, all these issues are related to errors in
flash memory. In order to solve them, traditional schemes use strong error
correcting mechanisms, such as BCH, LDPC and so on. However, these
schemes are not only costly, but also induce bad performance. For example,
high error correcting capability of BCH requires a large code word and longer
decoding latency. LDPC decoding latency is also bad at the high error rates.
Therefore, optimizing error correction mechanism for 3D NAND flash memory
is necessary.
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One good chance for the state-of-the-art flash memory such as 3D NAND flash
to handle errors is to design error-aware mechanisms, which minimize these
errors based on the their characteristics. The main challenge is to understand
the specific characteristics of error sources of flash memory, and then design
solutions for each type of errors. Hence, the objective of this proposal is to
understand the error characteristics of flash memory, and to provide a set of
approaches to avoid the errors or boost the performance and lifetime of 3D
NAND flash.
4 Scope
The scope of this project includes but not limited to:
Understanding the error characteristics of 3D NAND flash memory;
Error correction framework for 3D NAND flash memory;
Error reduction mechanism for 3D NAND flash memory;
Optimizations on improving the performance, lifetime and reliability of 3D
NAND flash memory.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
One paper and one patent;
A report describing the detailed design and implementation of the
proposed method.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Pass:
1 paper is accepted at the top international conference in related area
such as FAST, DAC, DATE, ISCA, and HPCA;
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1 patent passes Huawei’s review;
Fail: Cannot deliver a patent or a paper;
Excellent:
One or more patents are delivered, AND
One or more paper is accepted.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~6 months): Deliver a patent;
Phase 2 (~6 months): Deliver a paper.
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HIRPO201605: Computing
Technology
HIRPO20160501: CPU Reservation on KVM Platform
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: computing virtualization
List of Abbreviations
KVM: Kernel-based Virtual Machine
QoS: Quality of Service
SLA: Service-Level Agreement
CGroup: Control Group
VM: Virtual Machine
3 Background
Under cloud environment, virtual machines of different tenants share physical
CPU resources. To achieve the compute SLA of cloud platform, the underlying
virtualization platform needs to have complete CPU QoS capabilities, which
include limit, reservation and quota.
The CPU QoS ensures optimal allocation of computing resources for VMs and
prevents resource contention between VMs due to different service
requirements. It effectively increases resource utilization and reduces costs.
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Although CPU limit and quota have already been supported on KVM platform,
CPU reservation is not supported yet. As a result, KVM platform cannot
provide complete CPU QoS support currently.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: provide VM level CPU reservation support on KVM
platform.
Virtual machine level CPU reservation defines the minimum CPU resources to
be allocated to each VM when multiple VMs compete for physical CPU
resources, and the reservation is equally distributed among all the VCPUs of
VM. The unit of CPU reservation is MHZ.
The main scope of this project includes the following two aspects:
Support process level CPU reservation capability:
1) Provides measurable computing resources, so that the process
can obtain guaranteed physical CPU resource, and the accuracy
of which reaches MHZ;
2) Proposal is accepted by Kernel community.
Combined with libvirt and kvm, provide VM level CPU reservation.
CPU reservation can work with current CPU quota and CPU limit which are
based on CGroup to provide complete CPU QoS for virtual machines:
1) If the computing capability calculated based on the CPU quota of a
VM/process is greater than the CPU reservation value, the system
allocates the capability to the VM/process according to the CPU
quota;
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2) If the computing capability calculated based on the CPU quota of a
VM/process is less than the CPU reservation value, the system
allocates the computing capability to the VM/process according to
the CPU reservation value. The offset between the computing
capability calculated based on the CPU quota and the CPU
reservation value is deducted from computing capability of other
VMs/processes based on their CPU quotas and is added to the
VM/process;
3) The CPU reservation value cannot be greater than CPU limit
value.
For example, three VMs (A, B, and C) run on the host that uses a single-core,
2.8 GHz physical CPU, their quotas are set to 1000, 2000, and 4000,
respectively, and their CPU reservation values are set to 700 MHz, 0 MHz, and
0 MHz, respectively. When the CPU workloads of the three VMs are heavy:
1) According to the VM A CPU quota, VM A should have obtained a
computing capability of 400 MHz. However, its CPU reservation value
is greater than 400 MHz. Therefore, VM A obtains a computing
capability of 700 MHz according to its CPU reservation value;
2) The system deducts the offset (700 MHz minus 400 MHz) from VMs B
and C based on their CPU quota;
3) VM B obtains a computing capability of 700 (800 minus 100) MHz, and
VM C obtains a computing capability of 1400 (1600 minus 200) MHz.
The CPU reservation takes effect only when resource contention occurs
among VMs. If the CPU resources are sufficient, a VM can exclusively use
physical CPU resources on the host if required. For example, if VMs B and C
are idle, VM A can obtain all of the 2.8 GHz computing capability.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
We expect the outcome and deliverables as following:
Prototype implementation of the VM level CPU reservation support on
KVM platform;
Related design documents, validation and test reports for the prototype.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Process level CPU reservation capability:
Proposal needs to be discussed in kernel community and
accepted by community;
After setting CPU reservation policy, the compute resource
allocated to the process has the precision of MHZ and less than
5% error with the theoretical value;
CPU reservation can work with current CPU quota and CPU limit
which are based on CGroup, and the relationship among them
meets the explanation in scope section above.
Virtual machine level CPU reservation capability:
During creation of VMs, the CPU reservation for the VM can be
specified in libvirt configuration file;
After the VMs are created, except for VMs whose status are
migrating or crash, the CPU reservation value can be
dynamically adjusted and should be persistent, which means that
VMs keep the same reservation value after shutdown, rebooting,
hibernation, woken up, and migration;
CPU reservation can work with current CPU quota and CPU limit
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which are based on CGroup, and the relationship among them
meets the explanation in scope section above;
After setting CPU reservation policy, the compute resource
allocated to the VM has the precision of MHZ and less than 5%
error with the theoretical value;
Provide query and adjust interfaces for CPU reservation value of
VM.
7 Phased Project Plan
Project
Phase Duration Content Objective Output
Phase 1 ~2months
Design and
review of
proposal
Proposal is accepted
by community and
approved by Huawei.
Design
documents of
proposal
Phase 2 ~6months
Process level
and VM level
CPU
reservation
support
Prototype
implementation of the
virtual machine level
CPU reservation
support on KVM
platform
The prototype
implementation;
The related test
and validation
reports.
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HIRPO20160502: The Acceleration of Networking in
Cloud Computing
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: network accelerating for cloud computing
List of Abbreviations
OVS:Open Virtual Switch
VXLAN:Virtual eXtensible LAN
3 Background
The cloud computing is one of the most popular technology in industry, and the
networking technique in cloud computing is more attractive than the other
technologies in it, i.e. storage and computing. New features, such as VXLAN,
nVGRE, Geneve etc, are emerging out, the positions to deploy them, on the
host or hardware switch device, are still under argument, and seems not to
come to a decision in the near future. Open vswitch, with the features become
more and more rich, the performance does not keep pace with the
improvement of the bandwidth of network interface, many chip providers in
industry, such as Mellanox, Broadcom, Altera, are engaged in the acceleration
of open vswitch with their silicon, now Huawei is getting involved in it.
The networking functionality in cloud computing is composed of many aspects,
e.g. forwarding decision, tenant isolation, statistics, scheduling, metering,
management, security and so on, each of them has some specific
technologies to support it. Diversities of chip providers have announced their
ways to accelerate the performance of networking in cloud computing, and not
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all of them use the same mechanism, neither the software layer nor the silicon
itself. We also attempt to make our contributions in this area, based on the
OVS framework, and feed back to the open source community.
Nowadays, almost all of the cloud computing providers have replaced their
network interface in server with 10Gbps cards, and the step of the evolution of
network interface never stops, 25GE, 40GE and ever higher speed, will take
over the new-built data center of cloud computing in the coming years.
On the other hand, X86 cpu, one of the most important element in server, has
stepped down the pace of evolution in performance, comparing with the rapid
growth of network interface in bandwidth. Furthermore, the new features in
cloud computing network are in blossom, especially with the help of open flow.
It is difficult to provide the high performance in networking, on the premise of
providing enough flexibility to support the emerging new features.
Server cpu along with the help of specific acceleration silicon is widely used to
improve the performance of network, several chip manufacturers, such as
Mellanox, Broadcom, have launched their silicones. Intel will also launch a new
chip in late 2016, which envelops Xeon CPU and FPGA(Altera) in the same
silicon, to meet the special requirement in data centers of cloud computing.
As a comprehensive provider in cloud computing solution, Huawei is also
engaged in the acceleration of network performance in cloud computing, with
the help of a self-developed silicon, which is programmable and suitable for
the quick evolution in cloud computing area.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved:
The performance of the virtual network in compute node is not suitable for the
evolution of the network interface, the project is aimed to accelerate the
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performance, with the combinations of open virtual switch version 2.5 and the
dedicated silicon of Huawei.
The following is the scope of the project:
Reconstruct the data path of OVS version 2.5, distinguish between the
stateless and stateful features;
Accelerate the stateless features by Huawei silicon, with the cooperation of
software in host;
Considering that the connection track feature is implemented in the form of
flow table in OVS 2.5, the established flow is traditionally regarded as
stateful, while it should be reinjected to the silicon for higher performance.
The state of establish is ignored during the looking up process of flow table,
once the entry is matched, the state of this flow is considered as
established, otherwise it will be sent to the host;
Vxlan and normal layer 2 forwarding are provided by the silicon;
Provide the stateful features in host;
The other tcp states, except establish, are processed in the host;
The related state is processed in the host;
The invalid state is processed in the host;
The other stateful features, such as ftp, h.323, sip, are also provided in the
host;
Provide the communication mechanism between VM and silicon in host in
SR-IOV mode.
Since the silicon is working in SR-IOV mode, the ingress packet should be
sent to the specific VM in general, in our project it is sent to the host for the
stateful process, then the packet is sent to the VM directly by the host. For
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this reason, the host should take over the process of the packet after the
silicon in the ingress pipe and send the packet to a specific VM. For the
egress pipe, the VF driver sends the packet to the host, then the host
sends it to the silicon after stateful process.
All the processes in the host are expected to be provided by our
cooperation partner.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The software codes in host, based the OVS 2.5, providing the acceleration of
data path;
The prototype of acceleration, with the cooperation of software in host, silicon
and the firmware of it (the driver and firmware of the silicon will be provided by
Huawei);
The analysis report of the network acceleration technology in cloud computing
of Amazon, Microsoft and Google;
Patent idea being reviewed and approved, delivering the disclosure of
invention.
6 Acceptance Criteria
For the delivered codes, the Di of each one thousand code should less
than 3.
For the delivered acceleration prototype, the end-to-end throughput
performance in different scenarios should achieve the following goals:
When the flow tables matched directly in the silicon, the total
throughput between VMs should be not less than 40Gbps, with the
packet length is equal to 1500 bytes;
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When the flow tables mismatched in the silicon, the total throughput
between VMs should be not less than 20Gbps, with the packet length
is equal to 1500 bytes;
Notes: the server uses Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 v3 CPU, with not less
than 32GB 2400MT/s RDIMMs.
For the delivered patent, finish the disclosure of invention.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~2 months): Alignment of the requirements, delivery and the
verification standards with the cooperation group, come to explicit conclusion
with a MOU; alignment of design scheme and the APIs between software and
hardware, with a record of designing draft;
Phase2 (~4 months): Low level design of cooperation of software and
hardware, delivering the design document of software-hardware cooperation in
detail; based on the OVS version 2.5, perform software coding for data path
acceleration, delivering the software codes conform to the verification
standard.
Phase3 (~2 months): Testing and optimizing the acceleration prototype,
delivering the final designing documents and codes as well as the testing
report.
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HIRPO20160503: Research on Dynamic OS Image
Editing Based on Actual Hardware Combinations
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: editing an OS image
List of Abbreviations
OS : operation system
3 Background
Operating system (OS) image supports system hardware running, drives and
manages system hardware, supports CPUs, memory, storage, and network
devices, and transfers different hardware devices to common devices to
facilitate upper-layer software access.
An OS image is pre-installed with hardware drivers and device management
programs. During OS installation, you need to search and upload the hardware
driver and device management program matching with the board on which the
OS is installed. Otherwise, the OS installation may fail or the hardware may not
be able to use.
To ensure that new board hardware is compatible with the current OS and
running properly, you can upgrade the OS or edit the OS image online.
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OS Image A
CPU/Memory
resources
Storage resources
NIC resources
File system
Device driver
File system
Device
management
app
Hardware
board A
Other device
resources
OS Image Normal
12
File system
Device driver
File system
Device
management
app
Device driver/
Management app
library
1. OS Image Normal allows you to identify new hardware. If not, you need
to search new hardware using an external storage device;
2. Edit OS Image Normal based on the new hardware driver package, to
generate OS Image A for a new board;
3. Support of stateless computing and stateless storage on the servers
could reduce or eliminate the time (hours to days) to reinstall the OS
upon failed server replacement or server upgrade;
4. The replacing or upgrading server may have a different NIC using a
different device driver (for example from 10GE to 25GE) from the
replaced one, thus requires automated OS editing without manual
involvements.
4 Scope
Supports OS Image Normal which supports mainstream CPUs and I/O
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devices;
Supports Windows Server 2012, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1, and
VMware Oss;
Supports the x86 platform;
Supports OS edit units, including (CPU and memory) kernels, I/O device
drivers (NICs and hard disk controllers), device management programs
(apps and libraries);
Identifies new hardware automatically and helps upgrade drivers and
program packages;
Manages the versions of OSs and device management programs;
Displays the image editing progress and status flag.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
OS image editing design document;
OS image editing prototype package;
OS image editing prototype verification report.
6 Acceptance Criteria
1. Basic function standards
OS image editing design document
A. Describes the specific editing flow and basic design concept;
B. Describes the interfaces between the OS image and device program
packages and restrictions;
C. Describes the usage and operation guide;
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D. Describes matching and searching rules.
OS image editing prototype package
A. Identifies new hardware devices (based on the board UUID and
configuration information), obtains device drivers and application
packages through external storage devices (USB devices), and
updates the OS image;
B. A general OS image is smaller than 100 MB;
C. Displays the image editing progress (accurate to second) on the screen
and records the progress to a memory file;
D. Supports the query of image and device versions and provides the
hardware and software version list, which contains device IDs and
versions and needs to be exported to a file;
E. To install a hardware device, search it in the OS image and local
storage of the board first according to the ID of the hardware device. If
the version of the hardware device in the local storage is later, replace
the hardware device in the OS image with it, and install the hardware
device using the new OS image;
F. Customizes OS images based on the board type, to avoid oversized
OS images. If a board does not contain a new hardware device, the OS
image does not need to be updated;
G. Support stateless computing and stateless storage by allowing the
CPU & NIC could be replaced or upgraded independently from the
storage (including RAID card if apply) & server ID (MAC address,
WWN/WWPN, UUID, system configurations) storage, thus requires OS
image editing automation features.
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2. Non-functional attribute standards
Performance specifications
The editing performance of the new OS image cannot be higher than 30% of
the actual hardware access performance. The new OS image can be directly
used to install new hardware.
Security requirements
An OS image supports digital signature verification, ensures the validity,
integrity, and security of the dynamic modules imported by using an external
storage device, and prevents unauthorized program packages from being
updated.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Align the design scheme with the design ideas of core
technologies, and provide the primary design of core technologies;
Phase2 (~6 months): Develop the OS image editing function, and provide the
related codes, test results and User guide.
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HIRPO20160504: PCB Cross-Sectional Physical
Parameter Extraction
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: image processing
List of Abbreviations
GUI: Graphical user interface
PCB: Printed circuit board
3 Background
1) As the speed of products growing faster, neighbor layers registration
becoming critical because of crosstalk. But there is no such method that could
measure registration between neighbor layers effectively and accurately;
2) In analyzing SI coupons and all our evaluation samples, we need to make
cross-sections for DUT, but the lack of microscope resources and inefficient
parameters measurement on the microscopes are quite time consuming.
4 Scope
The problem need to be solved is to develop a fast image distinguishing
system, with some extent of intelligence, the system can measure distances
automatically by discriminating profiles of images.
So we can apply the system on monitoring neighborhood layers’ registration
and measuring necessary parameters of cross-section samples.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Independent software with GUI, featured with image importing, image profile
distinguishing, automatic measuring and outputting physical parameters.
Given pictures with formats of JPG/JPEG/BMP/PNG and measurement
requirement, the software should output the correct information by measuring
pixels or other data.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~1 month): Volunteer’s registration, choosing potential cooperators;
Investigating the technology capability of each volunteer; Colleges should
make project plans and deliver technical scheme designs;
Phase 2 (~1 month): Sourcing and internally discussing technical schemes,
originally select 2-3 possible techniques for further interactions;
Phase 3 (~1 month): Internally discussing technical schemes for feasibility,
originally select 2-3 possible techniques for further interactions;
Phase 4 (~1 month): Exchanging with colleges by technical scheme details, if
no necessary modification should be made, the colleges should work on their
software until it is completed;
Phase 5 (~4 months): Developing and researching software, during the
development, colleges should make kinds of evaluation motivations to assure
the software to match Huawei requirement;
Keeping sending mails and also organizing call conferences for solving
problems during the development are also necessary;
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Phase 6 (~ 2 months): Software delivering and evaluating following trial plan.
Any problems or bugs found out should be modified and debug by colleges
until problems be settled;
Phase 7 (~2 months): Release final version of software.
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HIRPO20160505: Key Technical Challenges of
Quantum Computation
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: quantum computation
3 Background
Quantum computing differs from traditional computing in that quantum
mechanical effects are exploited to perform the computation, with significant
potential speedup. It has already been shown that difficult problems such as
factorization of numbers can be efficiently solved using a quantum computer.
Furthermore, other tasks such as database searching and simulation of
physical systems can be efficiently carried out using quantum computers. The
potential value of quantum computers is immense. Indeed,
commercialization has begun, with D-Wave producing quantum computers
(what they claim to be) for over 10 years. This project will be dedicated to
acquiring knowledge and opinions on the state-of-the-art of quantum
computing.
4 Scope
The project involves analyzing and integrating information about quantum
computing in areas including, but not limited to, the following: hardware
implementation, computing architecture, problem solving ability, algorithms,
error correction code, fault-tolerant computing, quantum memory, commercial
opportunities, current situation, and future trend.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Tutorial courses on the fundamentals & key technologies of quantum
computation;
2) Survey Reports with research recommendations for Huawei on topics stated
above;
3) 1 top ranked conference paper on topic related to quantum computation.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Tutorial courses/Survey reports/Conference paper to be reviewed and
accepted by assigned acceptance team.
7 Phased Project Plan
Some activities are expected to be carried out concurrently.
Phase1 (~4 months): Tutorial courses;
Phase2 (~6 months): Survey reports;
Phase3 (~2months): Paper writing.
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HIRPO20160506: Using Advanced Language FPGA
Over to Carry Out Large-Scale Architecture Simulation
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: architecture simulation
List of Abbreviations
RTL: Register Transfer Level
3 Background
The scale of processor architecture design is getting bigger and bigger, and
the large-scale architecture design and development mainly using RTL
language, with a low level of abstraction and a slow development speed, a
long development duration. If we can carry out the architecture design and
simulation based on the high-level language, and verify on the FPGA platform,
it will greatly improve the efficiency of the development and shorten the
duration of development.
The industry using high-level language for the large-scale architecture design
and development research is developing very fast, we wish to study this
technique to meet the demand of rapid development of the processor
architecture modeling and Simulation.
4 Scope
Research on using advanced language to carry out large-scale
architecture simulation: Usually people use RTL to carry out large-scale
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architecture design and development, the speed is very slow, and with a Low
level of abstraction and a long duration.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) A simulate tool for large-scale architecture simulation and development with
advanced language;
2) 1~2 related paper published in EI/SCI or the relevant international top-level
Conference;
3) 1~2 Invention/patents.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Submit a distributed performance monitoring and
analysis tool based on ARM platform, with the main functions of VTune,
ZABBIX, nmon, perf, JProfiler. Provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Published 1 or 2 related paper in EI/SCI or the relevant
international top-level Conference. At least one related invention patent idea
and technical clarification.
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HIRPO20160507: Many Core Processor Oriented RTL
Language Simulator
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: architecture simulation
List of Abbreviations
RTL: Register Transfer Level
3 Background
With fast growth of transistor density and core number, the scale of modern
processor has turn to be larger and larger, the architecture design based on
RTL code is much more complex than before. Since state of art EDA tools are
designed to work on general X86 servers, which has limited parallelism and
only utilize limited cores, consequently takes unacceptable long time for
design simulation. With emerging many core processors such as Tilera, Many
core ARMv8 processor, Xeon Phi, if RTL simulator improves parallelism and
fully utilizes processor cores, simulation time can be dramatically reduced.
4 Scope
1) Research on many core processor oriented RTL simulator: based on
off-the-shelf many core processors, develop RTL simulator which is able to
support standard Verilog/VHDL language, correctly simulate open source
processor RTL design, and achieve higher simulation speed than on
mainstream X86 server platform;
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Many core based RTL simulator that support at least one off-the-shelf
processor which has at least 32 cores; support simulation of ARMv8 processor
design or open source RISC processor design, support benchmark
applications such as Dhrystone/LMBench working on the simulated processor
over simulator.
Technical reports of many core based RTL simulator; executable simulator and
its source code.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of RTL simulator, survey and
evaluate appropriate off-the-shelf many core processor;
Phase2 (~5 months): Research on parallel RTL simulator which is able to fully
utilize the computing capability of many core processor, design and develop
the simulator;
Phase3 (~4 months): Evaluate modern processor design, simulate the design
using many core processor and the simulator, port Dhrystone or LMBench or
similar benchmark application on this environment to verify the simulator.
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HIRPO20160508: Binary Executable File based
Application Modeling Methodology
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: application modeling
3 Background
Cloud computing and Bigdata applications are emerging rapidly, requiring
higher and higher performance provided by hardware components, especially
by processors. As a result, application modeling methodology has turn to be a
key technology to instruct application oriented and optimal hardware design
since early stage.
4 Scope
1) Research on application model of cloud computing: based on cloud
computing middleware and applications, abstract and develop at least one
application lean model which represents same feature as original application,
and contains order of magnitude less instructions to reduce executing time;
2) Research on application modeling methodology: abstract generalized
modeling flow and methodology which is applicable for mainstream cloud
computing and Bigdata applications, the lean model will represents same
feature as original application and contains order of magnitude less
instructions to reduce executing time.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
At least one cloud computing/Bigdata application and its corresponding model,
containing less than 1,000,000,000 instructions or execution time is shorter
than 2 seconds on mainstream x86 server, while accuracy is greater than or
equal to 90%;
Technical reports of application modeling methodology.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~2 months): Survey the state of the art of application lean modeling,
analyze and choose appropriate cloud computing/Bigdata application;
Phase2 (~5 months): Research on specific cloud computing/Bigdata
application performance test and modeling, tuning the model accuracy to
better than 90%;
Phase3 (~5 months): Research on general flow and methodology of
application modeling, verify the methodology by various applications, and write
corresponding technical reports.
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HIRPO20160509: Distributed Performance Monitoring,
Analysis and Optimization Tool for ARM Platform
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: performance tuning
3 Background
The current cloud computing and big data applications developed rapidly, the
performance requirements about processor and other hardware equipment
continue to improve. For the subsequent performance optimization, it is
necessary to monitor the performance and analysis when these equipments
are at work. Mature performance monitoring and analysis optimization tools
have become essential to large-scale cloud computing scenarios.
4 Scope
1) Research on ARM platform performance monitoring and analysis tools:
Relatively the X86 platform performance monitoring and analysis tools are
perfect, the arm platform tools are poor and cannot meet the requirements of
performance tuning for cloud application. Therefore, it is urgent to build a
distributed performance monitoring and performance analysis and optimization
tools based on ARM platform;
2) Research on a overall tool for distributed application: The tool is
equivalent to a distributed version of VTune, similar to ZABBIX, nmon plus perf,
JProfiler performance analysis system. It will be used to support Huawei in the
performance tuning of public cloud applications.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) A distributed performance monitoring and analysis tool based on ARM
platform;
2) 1~2 related paper published in EI/SCI or the relevant international top-level
Conference;
3) 1~2 Invention/patents.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Submit a distributed performance monitoring and
analysis tool based on ARM platform, with the main functions of VTune,
ZABBIX, nmon, perf, JProfiler. Provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Published 1 or 2 related paper in EI/SCI or the relevant
international top-level Conference. At least one related invention patent idea
and technical clarification.
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HIRPO20160510: The Visual Tool for Software
Architecture Emulation and Evolution based on the
Reverse Engineering
1 Theme: Computing Technology
2 Subject: software design tools
3 Background
The current reverse engineering tools can extract the relationships between
the packages, files, methods, etc. from the source codes, but it’s not the good
way for software developers to understand or optimize the software
architecture.
4 Scope
The software architecture documents always be outdated, but the normal view
extracts from the source codes should be transferred to the logical view with
the mapping of packages/files to logical entities. The mapping is a tedious
work for the software architect, and it should be maintained through the
software lifecycle.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Provide the visual tool for software architecture emulation and evolution based
on the reverse engineering.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Just click and drag the entity in the visual tool, we can mapping the
packages/files/methods to the logical entities and gain the software logical
view. Input the software configuration management data, like SVN log file, the
visual tool can present the evolution of the software architecture. If the
architect wants to optimize the architecture, he can click and drag the entities
to get a new logical view, and the tool can output the corresponding
modifications for the packages/files/methods.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): research on the technical trend for the visual tools and
implement a tool prototype;
Phase2 (~8 months): Implement the tool and write the user manual.
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HIRPO201606: Big Data &
Artificial Intelligence
HIRPO20160601: Large Scale Heterogeneous Data
Processing
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: resource scheduling
3 Background
Big data analytics have become a necessity to the business worldwide.
Modern data centers host huge volumes of data, stored over large number of
nodes with multiple storage devices and process them using thousands of
cores. Cloud computing has been revolutionizing the IT industry by adding
flexibility to the way IT is consumed, enabling organizations to pay only for the
resources and services they use. In an effort to reduce IT capital and
operational expenditures, organizations of all sizes are using Clouds to provide
the resources required to run their applications. Organizations are using cloud
platforms to run scalable analyses on their data, gaining insight into the health
of their systems and the activities of their customers.
To improve performance and cost-effectiveness of a data analytics cluster in
the cloud, the data analytics system should account for heterogeneity of the
environment and workloads. Data analytics workloads have heterogeneous
resource demands because some workloads may be CPU intensive whereas
others are I/O-intensive. Some of them might be able to use special hardware
like GPUs to achieve dramatic performance gains.
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It is also likely that the computing environment is heterogeneous. The cloud
consists of generations of servers with different capacities and performance;
therefore, various configurations of machines will be available. For example,
some machines are more suitable to store large data whereas others run
faster computations.
The key question is how to schedule jobs on machines so that each receives
its “fair” share of resources to make progress while providing good
performance.
4 Scope
Possible research topics include:
Resource modeling, including:
o Support for describing the resource information for resource in
the heterogeneous environment;
o Support for describing the need for resource request in the
heterogeneous environment;
o Support the mapping between resource and resource request;
o Support the data locality information description;
o Support the environment topology information description.
Resource information collection
o Support for plug-n-play resource to be added in heterogeneous
environment, e.g. a new resource type could be automatically
recognized during resource information collection;
o Automatic collect resource information in a heterogeneous
environment;
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o Automatic schema construction;
o Support large scale (10K nodes).
Basic resource scheduling
o Support the cost properties association with resource;
o Support the performance/capability properties association with
resource;
o Support Cost Based Optimizer model for resource scheduling;
o Support fair based model for resource scheduling.
Intelligent resource scheduling
o Workload resource consumption and runtime predication in
heterogeneous environment, for instance, running workload in
bare metal vs VM, ARM vs x86, private cloud vs public cloud, or
with different size of allocation, performance and etc.;
o SLA expression to translate to workload resource and runtime
demand, uses business objective rather than static resource
requirement to express goal;
o Intelligent scheduling to choose the best allocation by balancing
multiple objectives, SLA (time, performance), cost etc in
heterogeneous environment.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Demo system of a resource management/scheduling system for
heterogeneous environment;
Simulation tool for performance evaluation;
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One or more patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The demo system should support complex resource type in a heterogeneous
environment and provide way to add new resource type in the system without
code changes;
The system design must support 10K nodes scale and could be proved via
simulation;
One or more patent ideas accepted by Huawei.
7 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration (year): 1 year.
Project Phase
Duration Content Objective Output
Phase 1 ~6 months
Technical analytics and Solution design and
Finish solution design.
Solution design documents.
Phase 2 ~6months Demo system implement
The enterprise Hadoop cluster can use public cloud computing resources smoothly.
Prototype demo
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HIRPO20160602: Research on Techniques for
Financial Anti-Fraud System
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: financial fraud detection technology
3 Background
Financial fraud is a broad term with various potential meanings, but for our
purposes it can be defined as the intentional use of illegal methods or practices
for the purpose of obtaining financial gain. Credit card fraud is one of popular
financial frauds, which has many types of credit card fraud, including never
received fraud, account take-over fraud, lost or stolen fraud, counterfeit fraud,
card not present. In addition, fraudsters are very inventive, fast moving people.
They are continually refining their methods, and as such there is a requirement
for detection methods to be able to evolve accordingly. Therefore, detecting
financial fraud is a difficult task.
Traditional anti-fraud methods are mostly based on rules defined by human
analyst via investigating cases using their intuition, experience, and domain
knowledge. But human rules require significant human efforts to identify the
fast moving patterns (concept drift) of fraudulent activity by modifying existing
rules or adding new rules. Thus, machine learning based method, which could
adaptively combat the concept drift, has become of importance whether in the
academic or business organizations currently.
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4 Scope
Problem to be resolved
Identify the fraudulent credit card transactions based on machine learning
based fraud detection methods. Two techniques should be studied:
P1: Anomaly detection technique to identify the abnormal transactions
based from different aspects, e.g. account, equipment, location,
behavior, relationship, preference;
P2: Predictive modeling techniques based on the labeled data to
identify the fraudulent transactions, including, but not limited to, neural
networks, logistic regression, deep learning, ensemble methods.
Additionally, these techniques should handle three characteristics of
the data: concept drift, class imbalance, and cost-sensitivity.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Design documents and prototype demo of the solution reaching the
acceptance criteria in session 6.
6 Acceptance Criteria
For P1 and P2, the scoring should be finished within 20
milliseconds(ms) for one transaction with 100 dimensions;
For P2, true positive rate>90%; false positive rate<5%; gross losses
rate<0.2%.
7 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration (year): 1 year.
Project Phase Duration Content Objective Output
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Project Phase Duration Content Objective Output
Phase 1 ~4 months Finished tasks of P1
(1) The scoring should be finished within 20ms for one transaction with 100 dimensions
Algorithm design documents, prototype demo and the code
Phase 2 ~8 months Finished tasks of P2.
(1) The scoring should be finished within 20ms for one transaction with 100 dimensions
(2) True positive rate>90%; false positive rate<5%; gross losses rate<0.2%
Algorithm design documents, prototype demo and the code
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HIRPO20160603: Research on Anomaly Detection for
Multiple Dimensional Data
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: data anomaly detection
List of Abbreviations
DataCompass: Splunk-like platform for analyzing machine data
HDD: Hard Disk Drive
SVM: Support vector machine, a machine learning method
3 Background
Traditional tools are able to handle the 3V (variety, velocity, volume) of the
machine data, i.e. logs, configuration, message queues, thus Datacompass is
designed. One of important features is supporting interactive analyzing the
data, which denotes DataCompass has real-time or near real-time capability.
Datacompass will be applied to the scenario of the public cloud (Deutsche
Telecom) operation. Datacompass requires some statistical or machine
learning methods to automatically detect anomaly in the data to reduce the
human efforts.
This is not the only application domain that could benefit for such mechanism.
Examples of such application domains are: banking – detecting payments
behavior which deviate from normal customer(s) patterns which can indicate
frauds or money laundry schemas; hardware failure – detecting that physical
machines in a data center will crash by observing that certain metrics are
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indicators of near failures (e.g. the heat of the HDD is increasing continuously
over 1 hour might show that a HDD crash is expected).
From the point of view of the analytics tools, the current state of the art is that
anomaly detection methods, being able to support interactive analysis, only
focus on the low dimensional data. The methods which could handle high
dimensional methods, such as k-means, one class SVM, needs a large
computational cost and have NOT real-time or near real-time capability.
Therefore new mechanisms are needed to be able to provide detection of
anomalies and of abnormal patterns online.
4 Scope
Finding patterns in multiple dimensional data that do not conform to expected
behavior in real time or near real time, especially for the high-dimensional
data.
P1: Anomaly detection for 1-D time series.
P2: Anomaly detection for low dimensional data being less than 100
dimensions (without and with an order). Note that ordered multiple
dimensional data are a.k.a multiple time series.
P3: Anomaly detection for high dimension data being greater than 100
(without and with an order).
P4: Online anomaly detection for the data less than 20 dimensions.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Design documents and prototype demo of the solution reaching the
acceptance criteria in session 6.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
For P1~P3, the model building (learning) should be finished within 1s,
2.5s, and 5s, respectively;
For P1~P4, the scoring should be finished within 10 milliseconds(ms);
For P1~P4, for the data with known anomalies, true positive rate>90%,
false positive rate<5%.
7 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration (year): 1 year.
Project Phase
Duration Content Objective Output
Phase 1
~4 months Finished tasks of P1 and P2.
(2) The model building should be finished with 1 and 2.5 seconds for P1 and P2, respectively.
(3) The scoring should be finished within 10 ms for one record
(4) true positive rate>90%; false positive rate<5%
Algorithm design documents, prototype demo and the code
Phase 2
~8 months Finished tasks of P3 and P4.
(1) The model building should be finished with 5 seconds for P3.
(2) The scoring should be finished within 10 ms for one record for both P3 and P4
(3) true positive rate>90%; false positive rate<5%
Algorithm design documents, prototype demo and the code
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HIRPO20160604: Low Latency Storage for Stream Data
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: research on hadoop HDFS and related
stream tools from big data ecosystem
List of Abbreviations
HDFS: Stands for Hadoop Distributed File System and is the de facto storage
used for Big Data processing.
Kafka: Is the message broker tool most commonly used for streaming.
RamCloud: The message broker tool most commonly used for streaming.
RAMCloud: A storage system design for super-high-speed storage for
large-scale datacenter applications.
3 Background
An increasing number of Big Data applications and scenario require to deal
with increasing amounts of small data. This trend is easily observed in
domains like finance, whether forecast, IoT, insurance or social networks. In
many related applications and systems such small items are continuously
collected from the stream sources or are received from other stream
processing computation. Even if the stream engines running the applications
are processing such stream data on the fly, by passing it through the topology
of stream operators, there is an increasing need to be able to store such items
efficiently.
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Unlike traditional storage, the main challenge raised when aiming to store
stream data is the large number of small items. Additionally, as the nature of
the computation required for such data is time-critical, the data once stored
needs to be accessible with very high performances (i.e., low latencies). This
makes the existing storage options, such as the ones available in the Hadoop
ecosystem, mostly unfit for such scenarios as they cannot fully meet
out-of-the-box all performance requirements. HDFS, the default Big Data
storage, was not design as stream storage and cannot thus provide the
sub-second performance required by such applications. Using other solution
that target streaming will lead to hybrid architectures, which introduce extra
dependencies, increase the O&M complexity and can lead to less reliable
solutions. Moreover some of these stream data management solutions, such
as Kafka, are not proper storage systems (e.g., can only hold data temporarily)
and provide limited data access semantics (e.g., access data only based on its
offset) that drastically reduce the search performance.
All these issues point to the need that an own dedicated solution for low
latency stream storage is needed. Such a solution should provide on the one
hand traditional storage functionality and on the other hand stream-like
performance (i.e., low latency IO access to items/range of items). This shows
the necessity for an extensive research study to explore architectural options
to provide such storage for stream data, either as a standalone component or
as an extension of an existing Big Data solution (e.g., HDFS). The latter option
is preferred considering the benefits of having a unified storage system for all
types of Big Data.
4 Scope
The goal of the project is to provide a solution for a low latency storage for
stream data. The ideal solution would propose an extension to HDFS that
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would bring to the system high performance when storing stream data (e.g.,
billions of small items) and when accessing the data either via scans or
random access (e.g., millisecond or ideally nanosecond access time to retrieve
data). This is shown in Figure 1. To achieve these we expect that good
practice that exists in other systems that demonstrated good performances will
be ported to HDFS (alongside with novel techniques which might be needed),
such as: Kafka partitioning and ability to deal with billions of items, RamCloud
and DXRam techniques of managing data in distributed caches to enable ns
access time across large collections of items, etc. Additionally, as Big Data
processing is being migrated quite often to the cloud, it is necessary that the
solution is compatible with such infrastructures, is able to provide similar
performance as in Big Data clusters and ultimately can be used as a service.
The main research questions, issues and requirements to be addressed are:
How can HDFS be extended to support billions of small items;
How can it be tuned to enable high performance data access in large
collection of small items (e.g. ms or ns IO access for scan, range
queries and random access);
How can the performance be guaranteed at increasing scales
Can the stream storage (add-on) work as an application library to share
data across the nodes of the distributed application as well as
standalone or within HDFS and be accessible from other application
(e.g. RMC, REST, API…);
What are the best partition techniques, data placing and search
strategies for stream storage;
Can the solution work as a cloud service with same or similar
performance.
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Figure 1 Overview of the various features to be added to HDFS to properly support stream
storage
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The expected outcomes for the project are:
1) Evaluation study (i.e., in the form of a scientific paper) of existing Big Data
tools and their performance ability to support stream storage and the
performance of IO operations. The goal is to identify the best practices and
techniques to tackle the requirements for stream storage;
2) Architecture option for extending HDFS for stream storage while providing
low latency IO for scans, range queries and random access. The
architecture should be scalable to a variable number of data nodes;
3) The system should be design to run at scale. At such it needs to support
multiple metadata nodes (i.e., namenodes for HDFS). Additionally with the
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increase of the data nodes, the system should allow an increase in the
number of supported objects (e.g., 2x data nodes means 2x more objects)
with the same performance targets;
4) A library or a software system that implements the architecture of point 2;
5) If point 2 cannot be meet, a new stand-alone solution should be provided
that can run both as standalone solution and as an application library for
storing stream data and a strong scientific motivation that argues the
limitation of HDFS to be extended to such scenarios.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The acceptance criteria with respect to the outcomes are:
1) Study meets the academic norms of paper/technical writing and
research analysis. The study analytics considers at least 4 existing
solutions (e.g., kafka, kudu, Hbase, DXRam, RamCloud, redis.io…) and
identifies limitations as well as best practices and techniques to be used
for stream storage;
2) The architecture is HDFS compatible and is able to support billion+
objects and enables at most millisecond access to elements for range
queries and random access. A description of the data partition
techniques and search strategies to be used, which are compatible with
HDFS. The solution can work with systems that have 1,2 or more
namenodes;
3) Demo system for the implementation of the architecture described in
point 2 which demonstrates the performance of storing: at least 1 billion
objects and enable ms access to random access and to range queries.
The system should demonstrate that it enables scalability by running
the demo on various setups (5, 10 and more nodes if available);
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4) Through and strong argumentation of why point 2 cannot be meet (why
HDFS cannot be extended to support stream storage). An alternative
design solution to point 2, that meets all the performance requirements
and can work both as a standalone and as application library;
5) The solution is demonstrated to work also on cloud platforms and as a
service (stream storage as a service).
7 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration (year): 1 year.
Project
Phase Duration Content Objective Output
Phase 1 ~3
months
Evaluation of
existing tools
(Kafka, Kudu,
Redis,
RamCloud,
DXRam)
Identify limitations of
existing solutions
Identify best
architectural options
for stream storage
Report
Architecture
design
guidelines
Phase 2 ~2
months
Architecture
design of
stream storage
1. Identify
architecture options
for HDFS to support
both batch and stream
storage
2. If 1 cannot be
meet, provide
alternative solution
3. If 2, then identify
solutions for running
the solution both as a
stand-alone service
and as an application
library
System
architecture
Phase 3 ~7
months
The Storage for
Stream data
system
Implement the system
Implement JAVA
connectors/ APIs
The stream
storage
APIs
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Implement external
connectors (outside
application domains)
Connectors
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HIRPO20160605: Research on SDN&NFV Network
Maintenance Dystem Architecture and Technology
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: SDN big data fault analysis
3 Background
1) Trend
SDN & NFV network technique introduce a powerful combination of changes
to bring networks into new age, which realizes automatic deployment of
network business, efficient and reliable network operation, and lower the
CPEX. In the global view, SDN & NFV network will be widely applied in
commercial deployment from 2016 to 2020. Many carriers and internet
companies will deploy SDN & NFV networks in different scenarios by their own
plan, and the SDN &NFV network will enter the mature period.
2) Challenge values
For the automation SDN&NFV network, its maintenance system must be
automatic, visual and intelligent. The maintenance system have many
components such as data collection system, data storage & access system,
data visualization, data analysis, fault diagnosis, fault recovery, etc. The key
technique is as follow:
Standardization data collection, including measure data (KPI) and description
data (system log), which can realize efficient data collection, pre-processing,
data transformation.
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Intelligent fault diagnosis algorithms. The algorithms detect fault and send
alarm when single net unit faults, locate fault device from a network or a link,
check the correctness of configuration, forecast the possible fault in the
network or a device.
Intelligent network recovery system. The system combines expert experience
and machine learning method, which can recommend recovery solution when
network is abnormal.
Different from traditional network, SDN&NFV network is in evolution, many
potential problems are not exposed in commercial operation. The goal of this
project is to investigate and explore the possible network maintenance
technique based on big data analysis technique for future carrier network. The
research will have profound and valuable impact on the evolutionary network
technique both in industry and academic.
4 Scope
The scope of the project contains two key directions: SDN&NFV network
running data collection technique and data based fault diagnosis & recovery
technique. The content of the research includes, but is not limited to, the
following parts:
1) Data collection:
Definition of standard data format, including key performance index
(KPI), log, configuration;
Design and analysis of data collection system, including system
framework, collecting technique, data transformation technique;
Design and analysis of data storage system, including system
framework, access method, and data transfer technique.
2) Data based fault diagnosis & recovery:
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Data based fault diagnosis technique for network unit;
Data based fault diagnosis technique for network level;
Data based fault forecasting technique;
Fault correlation analysis technique, analyzing the correlation for
different types of fault;
Fault recovery intelligent recommendation technique, experience based
intelligent recommendation technique.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The deliveries of the project include, but are not limited to the following:
1) Research reports on SDN&NFV data formation standard definition, data
collection, data storage & access, fault diagnosis & recovery applications
traffic patterns, scenarios, new carrier network architecture, network security,
etc;
2) Possible prototype on SDN&NFV data collection system, data storage &
access system, or fault diagnosis & recovery algorithms;
3) Publications in peer-reviewed Journals or top ranked conferences, and/or
invention/ patents on SDN&NFV impact on carrier network, network related
technology innovation.
6 Phased Project Plan
Sta
ge
Date Work description Output Evaluation Criteria
1 ~3
mont
hs
Specify
milestones.
Thesis proposal
cover the whole
research scope.
Routine technical
1, An determined
work plan about what
should we do in this
project and how to
guaranty the
successful of the
The documents
can be accepted
by Huawei’s
Review Group.
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& work progress
meeting.
collaboration
2, Thesis proposal
3, Research report on
one or more items
described in section 5
2 ~5
mont
hs
Continuing the
research work.
Academic paper’
writing.
Prototype design
and coding.
Routine technical
& work progress
meeting.
1, Research report on
more items described
in section 5
2, Complete at least
one academic paper
3, Prototype design
document & source
code(partial )
The design
documents can be
accepted by
Huawei’s Review
Group.
3 ~4
mont
hs
Complete the
research work.
Academic paper
is accepted by
the Journals or
top ranked
conferences.
Implement
prototype for
demonstration
and verifying.
Routine technical
& work progress
meeting.
1, Research report on
all items described in
section 5
2, Complete all
papers
3, Complete
prototype
1, Finish the
prototype
implementation,
complete the
prototype’s coding,
testing, verifying,
and related report
2, Hold an
associated
workshop or attend
a SDN&NFV
related summit, on
which make an
open speech or
demonstration.
3, The paper
published in
peer-reviewed
Journals or top
ranked
conferences
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HIRPO20160606: Novel Algorithm Design and Use
Cases for Data Stream Mining based on StreamDM
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: stream mining/real-time machine learning
3 Background
Data mining techniques consume a large amount of resources since they need
to do many iterations during the learning phase, while data stream mining
techniques only use one pass over data, and due to that are more challenging.
Currently, more and more companies use stream mining to process large
quantities of data in real-time, to build incremental model to help business
units. At the end of 2015, Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab released StreamDM-- a new
real-time machine learning library built on top of Spark Streaming, including
SGD Learner, Naïve Bayes, Hoeffding Tree, CluStream, StreamKM++ and
bagging. The motivation of StreamDM is to help industry and researchers to
have a fast solution for real time data mining cases, and we expect more
people to contribute to StreamDM, including algorithms and use cases.
4 Scope
1) We are seeking proposals of real business scenarios based on StreamDM.
These business scenarios should be challenging and interesting. They can be
deployed by universities or companies, and they will use StreamDM’s current
algorithms or new algorithms, implemented and contributed to StreamDM in
the future;
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2) We are seeking proposals to implement well known distributed stream
mining algorithms based on StreamDM. The algorithms can either be well
known algorithms or new algorithms. The algorithms can be, but not limited to,
classification, clustering, frequent item mining or regression algorithms. The
algorithms should be distributed and incremental, implemented and
contributed to StreamDM;
3) This project can accept only a few numbers of proposals, each one with the
same funding. Proposals including both 1) and 2) are extremely welcome, and
proposals with potential patents will be given extra amount of funding.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Proposals of real business scenarios should include sample data, documents
and application codes that can be contributed to StreamDM at github, and
performance comparisons with other Stream machine learning APIs.
Proposals of algorithm implementation should include documents, codes and
test codes which can be contributed to StreamDM at github, and performance
comparisons with similar algorithms implemented in other Stream machine
learning APIs.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Project proposal is accepted by the evaluation team, Huawei;
Project deliverables are accepted by the evaluation team, Huawei;
Documents and codes are merged to StreamDM at github.
7 Phased Project Plan
1) Proposals of real business scenarios
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Phase1 (~3 months): Scenarios detailed description, solution of use cases;
Phase2 (~6 months): Codes, detailed documents;
Phase3 (~3 months): Performance test results and Pull request and merge to
StreamDM at github.
2) Proposals of algorithm implementation
Phase1 (~3 months): Algorithms design documents;
Phase2 (~6 months): Algorithms codes and test codes;
Phase3 (~3 months): Performance test results and Pull request and merge to
StreamDM at github.
Proposals of 1) or 2) have extra patent, the patent should be finished before
T+9.
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HIRPO20160607: Communication Network Model
Research based on AI Technique
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: architecture and resource management
List of Abbreviations
AI: Artificial Intelligence
3 Background
With the development of machine learning, artificial intelligence becomes a hot
research area again. Another change in communication world is that the
communication object is from the relationship between humans to the
relationship between machines (M2M). The network and configuration will be
more and more sophisticated, so the AI based technology is a preferred
solution for network measurement and management. If this technology used,
analysis of communication network model is very important.
4 Scope
Survey on the use case for AI technology in wireless communication
networks;
Research on the communication network model using AI technology;
For the special use case, give the detailed algorithm design and analysis;
Verify the AI algorithm effect on the communication network.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1 survey reports on key technology of artificial intelligence using wireless
communication;
1-2 research reports on key technology of artificial intelligence, including
candidate schemes of optimal technology used in wireless communication;
1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of artificial
intelligence using wireless communication, such as system architecture;
1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;
Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.
Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can be
proved;
Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal
Huawei patent evaluation;
Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on key technology of artificial intelligence using
wireless communication, including industry and academia area;
Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on key technology of artificial intelligence
using wireless communication, including architecture design, model selection,
algorithm design and so on.
Phase 3 (~3 months): Verification of the proposed architecture and technology.
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HIRPO20160608: Deep Learning based Robotic
Perception
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: computer vision
List of Abbreviations
GPU: Graphics Processing Unit
3 Background
The resurgence of neural networks, most prominently in the form of deep
learning (DL), has recently led to significant technological advances in image
understanding, speech recognition, and natural language processing. In
computer vision, supervised deep learning models of the Convolutional Neural
Network (CNN) family have led to significant error reduction on large-scale
classification tasks, due to their hierarchical nature and to the directness of
their feature and classifier learning. Since 2012, deep learning methods, in
particular those based on CNN, have greatly improved the performances of
traditional computer vision tasks including image classification, object
recognition, object detection, edge detection, face recognition, image
denosing/super-resolution, image quality assessment, tracking and event
recognition. The rapidly improved availability and accessibility of large-scale
Internet images/videos, in particular from mobile platforms, has greatly
facilitated the CNN training process with GPU-powered massive parallel
computing platforms, making training tens millions of parameters in CNN
practically a feasibility (training time ranges between a few hours to a couple of
weeks).
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Computer vision technologies have become increasingly mature, being used in
real products including self-driving, image search, smart-phone applications,
surveillance and security, robotics, and smart home applications. Internet
powerhouse companies have made a big effort in investing in developing deep
learning technologies with large support of human, machine, and data
resources.
It is evident that deep learning technologies have led to the recent
breakthroughs in both academia and industry, creating intelligent products that
greatly enhance the quality of human lives. Therefore, the emphasis on
advancing in deep learning and computer vision is a must. Not only will areas
like conventional mobile terminals and intelligent monitoring be enhanced with
the emerging deep learning technology, next-generation products, such as
household robots, and driverless cars are expected to function primarily based
on deep learning.
Object detection and image recognition are considered as central problems in
computer vision. They are the building blocks for other complex vision systems
that consist of a suite of individual modules to make a real product. Specifically,
visual object recognition goes beyond determining whether the image contains
instances of certain object categories. It also refers to attributes of objects
such as location, pose and so on, making it a challenging task in computer
vision. Progress in CNN-based methods sped the development of image
classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation. However, there
still exists gaps between what many of these methods can do and what is
required in real-world situations, in term of speed, performance, and demand
in power and memory. Thus, we are motivated to go deeper into the structure
of deep models and optimize the object detection and recognition algorithms.
In addition, we also hope to transfer knowledge from the seen to unseen object
classes to improve the adaptiveness of the future perception systems.
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4 Scope
Strategic cooperation: Give regular academic and technical reports.
Efficient object detection and recognition: Exploit structural properties of neural
networks and develop an efficient deep learning based object detection and
recognition algorithm without compromising speed and accuracy.
Robot self-learning: Explore unsupervised or weakly-supervised learning
algorithms to improve the intelligence level of robotic perception. For example,
solve the unknown categories recognition task, which is commonly
encountered in robots scenarios. Or, the robot can learn to guide itself around
the house.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Establish the technology accumulations, research capabilities and algorithm
systems on deep learning based object detection and recognition.
1) Software and prototype deliverables: Efficient object detection and
recognition algorithm; Robot self-learning algorithm and application system;
2) Document deliverables: Research report for efficient object detection and
recognition algorithm; Research report for robot self-learning algorithm and
application system; Academic papers and patents;
3) Other work: Tele-conference each month for technology communication and
progress briefing; Technical report each quarter of a year.
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) Acceptance criteria: Achieve top performance on popular object detection
and recognition datasets, for example ImageNet and PASCAL VOC;
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2) Demo scenario: A typical apartment is shown in the following figure. Room
layout includes: living room, kitchen, and bedroom. There could be coffee table,
sofa, TV cabinets and other furniture in living room; table, stove in kitchen; bed
and other furniture in bedroom. There also may be objects such as plants, TV
in living room and small object such as beverage cups, mineral water on the
desk or table. In some cases there may be people moving in the house. The
whole area may be larger than 200m2.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Project Objectives is to develop an efficient object
detection and recognition algorithm. Achieve top performance on popular
object detection and recognition datasets, for example ImageNet and PASCAL
VOC. Deliverables List is to deliver the codes, systems and instructions of the
efficient object detection and recognition algorithm. Scenario test in Huawei
based on designed demo scheme;
Phase2 (~6 months): Project Objectives is to develop robot self-learning
algorithm and application system. Deliverables List is to deliver the robot
self-learning algorithm and application system. Scenario test in Huawei based
on designed demo scheme.
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HIRPO20160609: Deep Learning based Human Visual
Characteristics Research
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: computer vision
List of Abbreviations
GPU: Graphics Processing Unit
3 Background
The resurgence of neural networks, most prominently in the form of deep
learning (DL), has recently led to significant technological advances in image
understanding, speech recognition, and natural language processing. In
computer vision, supervised deep learning models of the Convolutional Neural
Network (CNN) family have led to significant error reduction on large-scale
classification tasks, due to their hierarchical nature and to the directness of
their feature and classifier learning. Since 2012, deep learning methods, in
particular those based on CNN, have greatly improved the performances of
traditional computer vision tasks including image classification, object
recognition, object detection, edge detection, face recognition, image
denosing/super-resolution, image quality assessment, tracking and event
recognition. The rapidly improved availability and accessibility of large-scale
Internet images/videos, in particular from mobile platforms, has greatly
facilitated the CNN training process with GPU-powered massive parallel
computing platforms, making training tens millions of parameters in CNN
practically a feasibility (training time ranges between a few hours to a couple of
weeks).
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Computer vision technologies have become increasingly mature, being used in
real products including self-driving, image search, smart-phone applications,
surveillance and security, robotics, and smart home applications. Internet
powerhouse companies have made a big effort in investing in developing deep
learning technologies with large support of human, machine, and data
resources.
It is evident that deep learning technologies have led to the recent
breakthroughs in both academia and industry, creating intelligent products that
greatly enhance the quality of human lives. Therefore, the emphasis on
advancing in deep learning and computer vision is a must. Not only will areas
like conventional mobile terminals and intelligent monitoring be enhanced with
the emerging deep learning technology, next-generation products, such as
household robots, and driverless cars are expected to function primarily based
on deep learning.
Research on human visual characteristics includes face detection and
recognition, human detection, identification, tracking, behavior recognition, and
age estimation. Both in the future application of intelligent products and for
entertainment, the study of human visual characteristics shows greater value.
On one hand, the smart home application and a series of future scenarios, the
research on the human visual characteristics offers necessary technical
capabilities for human-computer interaction, intelligence services and other
high-level applications. On the other hand, the study of human visual
characteristics also supplies some entertainment, which can to some extent
attract users.
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4 Scope
1) Body tracking: Establish the body's real-time tracking technology and
research capabilities to address the following problem for intelligence service
robots;
2) Face attributed recognition: through the analysis of human attributes in
images / videos such as age estimation, gender estimation, clothing with
attributes and expression, provide the necessary functions for high-level
application scenarios like Smart Home and intelligent robots;
3) Face detection/recognition: Establish the ability for face learning and
recognition in home environment;
4) Human behavior recognition: recognition of variety human behaviors which
provides the necessary basic skills for high level applications like
human-computer interaction and abnormal behavior of the warning.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Provide the functional modules of face detection techniques and correlation
filter tracking techniques for the human following feature in the robot demo;
2) Establish the technology accumulations, research capabilities and algorithm
systems on deep learning, including face detection, face recognition, human
detection, human identification, human tracking, human behavior recognition,
age estimation, facial expression recognition and clothing assessment.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Support the human following feature in robot demo;
Work in Huawei team at least one day per month.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Project Objectives is to develop face
detection/recognition and body tracking algorithms in robot. Deliverables List is
to deliver the codes, systems and instructions of the developed algorithm.
Scenario test in Huawei based on designed demo scheme;
Phase2 (~6 months): Project Objectives is to develop face attribute recognition
and human behavior recognition algorithms in robots. Deliverables List is to
deliver the systems and instructions of the developed algorithm. Scenario test
in Huawei based on designed demo scheme.
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HIRPO20160610: Deep Learning based Scene
Understanding
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: computer vision
List of Abbreviations
GPU: Graphics Processing Unit
VQA: Visual Question Answering
3 Background
The resurgence of neural networks, most prominently in the form of deep
learning (DL), has recently led to significant technological advances in image
understanding, speech recognition, and natural language processing. In
computer vision, supervised deep learning models of the Convolutional Neural
Network (CNN) family have led to significant error reduction on large-scale
classification tasks, due to their hierarchical nature and to the directness of
their feature and classifier learning. Since 2012, deep learning methods, in
particular those based on CNN, have greatly improved the performances of
traditional computer vision tasks including image classification, object
recognition, object detection, edge detection, face recognition, image
denosing/super-resolution, image quality assessment, tracking and event
recognition. The rapidly improved availability and accessibility of large-scale
Internet images/videos, in particular from mobile platforms, has greatly
facilitated the CNN training process with GPU-powered massive parallel
computing platforms, making training tens millions of parameters in CNN
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practically a feasibility (training time ranges between a few hours to a couple of
weeks).
Computer vision technologies have become increasingly mature, being used in
real products including self-driving, image search, smart-phone applications,
surveillance and security, robotics, and smart home applications. Internet
powerhouse companies have made a big effort in investing in developing deep
learning technologies with large support of human, machine, and data
resources.
It is evident that deep learning technologies have led to the recent
breakthroughs in both academia and industry, creating intelligent products that
greatly enhance the quality of human lives. Therefore, the emphasis on
advancing in deep learning and computer vision is a must. Not only will areas
like conventional mobile terminals and intelligent monitoring be enhanced with
the emerging deep learning technology, next-generation products, such as
household robots, and driverless cars are expected to function primarily based
on deep learning.
Human can constantly observe the environment structure that surrounds
his/her. For example, when walking in the house, we recognize objects within it
and make corresponding reactions. Such capabilities help us accomplish
various tasks even in unfamiliar places. Building a system that can
automatically perform scene understanding, is a crucial prerequisite for a
variety of applications, including robot navigation, semantic mapping,
autonomous driving and human-machine interaction. Therefore, image
semantic segmentation, as the fundamental component of scene
understanding, is the key to many high-level semantic related applications. On
one hand, semantic segmentation produces highly compact representation of
images. Indexed with these representations, we can greatly improve the
efficiency of retrieving and processing. On the other hand, semantic
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segmentation lay down the foundation for other applications such as object
detection and scene captioning.
4 Scope
1) Research on semantic segmentation: investigate pixel-wise semantic
segmentation of an image, facilitating the object detection, semantic mapping
and high-level scene understanding process;
2) Research on instance semantic segmentation: not only give pixel-wise
semantic segmentation of an image, but also differentiate between objects of
the same category, i.e., instance semantic segmentation. It could be used in
fine-grained scene understanding and interaction in the future;
3) Research on VQA application scenarios: estimate objects, object
attributes and object relationships of the scene based on visual analysis and
answer questions about the scene. Exploit and design application scenarios of
VQA systems in household environment.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Algorithm, system and technical reports for semantic image segmentation;
Algorithm, system and technical reports for instance semantic segmentation;
Design report of visual question answering application system;
Academic papers and patents;
Tele-conference each month for technology communication and progress
briefing;
Technical report each quarter in Huawei.
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6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): Develop a fast image semantic segmentation algorithm
with labelling no less than 20 classes of common household items. Achieve top
performance on popular semantic segmentation datasets;
Phase2 (~4 months): Develop instance level semantic segmentation algorithm
with labelling no less than 20 classes of common household items. Achieve top
performance on popular semantic segmentation datasets;
Phase3 (~4 months): Develop a visual question answering system application
system.
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HIRPO20160611: Manufacture Quality Risk Analysis &
Prediction based on Test Data
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: predictive analysis
3 Background
Production volume goes higher significantly and cycle time reduced much
shorter.
Currently the manufacture testing quality control system is designed to trouble
shooting and fast tracking based on problem. We hope to enhance the system
to be able to identify the potential risk in advance and eliminated it in time.
4 Scope
Through real time data analysis of product test data, incoming material’s test
data, equipment status data, and test software information, to predict the risks
of potential quality fluctuations in advance;
When the quality problem of the production process occurs, it automatically
identifies the key factors which impacted the abnormal fluctuations.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports including business analysis and data mining model for test
process quality control system;
Predictive analysis system with source code and document.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Provide sample model for 2~3 products;
The risk catch ratio higher than 70%;
The error warning ratio less than 30%.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): Business analysis; Data analysis, data cleaning, model
training, model optimization base on sample data;
Phase2 (~3 months): Using history data from real products to validate the
model;
Phase3 (~5 months): Deploy model to production environment; Training &
transfer to the development team and deploy to production.
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HIRPO20160612: Behavior Analytics for Personalized
Mobile Services
1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence
2 Subject: others
List of Abbreviations
OTT: Over the Top
POC: Prove of Concept
UE: User Equipment
3 Background
Considering users’ everyday reliance on smart phones, there is an
ever-increasing requirement for personalized mobile services in many aspects
of human life, such as health, education, transportation, and shopping. Thanks
to the spurt of mobile big data, e.g., call logs and location footprint, as well as a
wealth of sensors in mobile phones, e.g., gyroscope, accelerometer and light,
such personalized mobile services have become possible. For example, a
data-driven approach can be used to predict the emotional state of human by
leveraging smart phone usage data and/or location footprint, and devise
emotion-aware recommendation for shopping.
The abundance of mobile data on UE is significantly more beneficial in
understanding human behavior than social network data that has been widely
studied. Mobile data reflects the real-world behavior of human, such as
mobility, call logs and location. This could be dramatically different from social
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network data that is simply the human actions in cyber-world, which are often
faked or contrary to the actual behavior.
Furthermore, mobile data is collected in a passive sensing fashion. It will not
impact human’s normal life activities. This is especially preferable over the
conventional survey-based studies in psychology. The survey-based studies
are usually expensive in terms of time and money, and not suitable for
long-term behavior analysis.
The unique advantages of mobile data are the foundation of successful
personalized mobile services. Mobile operators can utilize their available data
and/or cooperate with OTT providers to obtain additional UE sensor data in
order to provide personalized services and enhance user experience. This will
definitely reduce customer churn and improve customer loyalty. According to
the Harvard Business School, increasing customer retention rates by 5 percent
increases profits by 25 percent to 95 percent.
4 Scope
Research on methodologies of understanding human behavior:
investigate the possible data source and how to mine those data. Focus on
one or more behaviors.
Research on applications of the behavioral understanding: investigate
how to utilize the behavioral understanding to provide personalized mobile
services. Focus on one or more examples of services.
Prototype of such a system: Huawei will provide vUIC platform if necessary
and do prototyping on top of that to extend the MBB network intelligence to
UE.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of general requirements and main components of
personalized service platform;
Solution proposal for understanding human behavior;
Solution proposal for providing personalized service using the behavioral
understanding;
A working prototype of such a system.
6 Acceptance Criteria
A detailed report on both item 1, 2 and 3 in section 6. A working prototype for
prove of concept.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~2 months): Survey of existing personalized mobile services,
focusing on the data source, mining methodologies and applications;
Phase2 (~2 months): Solution proposal for understanding human behavior and
its potential personalized service;
Phase3 (~5 months): Collection of user data from mobile phones;
Phase4 (~3 months): A prototype for POC on such a system;
Huawei will be able to provide lab time on vUIC platform to facilitate the
prototype POC.
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HIRPO201607: Media Technology
HIRPO20160701: Intelligent Portrait Photography by
Mobile Phone
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: image processing
3 Background
Taking a photo by mobile phone becomes more and more popular in our daily
life. But how to capture beautiful and impressive pictures is a big issue for most
peoples, especially for some rookies. Thus, it is very urgent and useful to
develop some tools to assist human being, and then the aim of this project is to
guide persons to snap wonderful photos through some techniques, such as
image processing, machine learning, saliency detection and so on. In order to
reduce the complexity and consider the valuable of final applications, only
portraits are considered in this project.
4 Scope
Where is the location of the Person in the scenario?
How about the human’s pose?
The scope of this research includes but not limited the following topics:
segmentation, face detection, saliency detection, pose learning and
suggestion, depth estimation.
The general flow chart can be shown is the following:
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Some necessary documents and demo which can be run in PC or in mobile,
mobile application is preferred.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The final photo should follow traditional rules in the photography, such as rules
of thirds like
And the following issues should not occur.
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7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 3~4 stages.
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HIRPO20160702: Target Person Voice Identification
Technique for the Improvement of Mobile Phone
Handset Multi-microphone Noise Reduction
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: voice communication
3 Background
Multi-microphone based noise reduction technique is widely used in moble
phone handset mode voice communication. The noise reducation ability is
improved significantly compared with traditional single channel noise reduction
both in stationary and non-stationary background noise environment. However,
for the more flexible use of mobile phone in handset mode, voice call in large
angle is also to be supported. Additionally, background noise is complicated
and sometimes there maybe just one interference voice or speech-like music
and needs to be suppressed. In case of this scenario, the noise reduction
algorithm cannot discriminate between the interference and the target speech
in large angle. So target voice identification technique needs to be developed
to enhance the noise reduction performance in case of these scenarios.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: Solve the indistinguishable problem between large
angle speaking and interferent voice, increase the noise reduction ability in
case of this kind of background noise.
The project is aimed to construct a target speech training and identification
system, and combine this system to currently existed voice communication
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speech enhancment algorithm in handset mode. The target speech
characteristics are trained during the call in quiet environment, so the quiet
environment detection algorithm is needed. After the training is succeed, the
information of target speech can be used as an indication to judge whether the
voice is the target voice. For the high confidence that the speech-like sound is
not the target voice, the noise reduction power will be increased to get better
performance in case of this kind of interference. To accomplish this system
research and development, some technique such as modal clustering and
deep neural network would be used.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The target voice identification algorithm prototype is to be prepared together
with the seamless combination scheme with the current speech enhancement
algorithm of voice communication.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The target voice identification algorithm will achieve the 90% accuration in
noise environment with SNR above 10dB. The computation comsumption will
be less than 10 MCPS in Huawei Hifi3 platform.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
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HIRPO20160703: Image and Video Captioning
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: image and video content analysis
List of Abbreviations
IC: Image Captioning
VC: Video Captioning
3 Background
Image and video captioning technologies aim to automatically describe image
and video content using natural language, which is an emerging research
problem in computer vision. Machine learning approaches such as those
based on deep learning have demonstrated to be effective for image and video
content analysis. It is a valuable research direction to develop advanced
machine learning approaches for image and video captioning.
4 Scope
1) Research on image captioning: investigate new machine learning
methods to automatically generate sentences to describe the image content.
2) Research on video captioning: investigate new machine learning
methods to automatically generate sentences and stories to describe the video
content.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical report of image captioning technologies;
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Technical report of video captioning technologies;
1~2 papers in top tier conferences and journals (image and video captioning is
an emerging research topic and there are few benchmark datasets. Through
this project, a new benchmark dataset is expected to be collected to evaluate
the proposed methods for image/video captioning).
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): survey the state-of-the-art of image and video captioning
technologies and provide the related technical reports;
Phase2 (~4 months): Research on new machine learning methods for image
captioning in order to generate sentences to describe the image content and
provide the related technical reports;
Phase3 (~5 months): Research on new machine learning methods for video
captioning in order to generate sentences and stories to describe the video
content and provide the related technical reports.
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HIRPO20160704: Deep Learning based Speech
Enhancement
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: enhanced voice communication in noisy
environments
3 Background
Speech quality and intelligibility are the most important aspects in voice
communication. In particular for mobile communication in noisy environments,
current solutions still deliver poor performance. Stable (stationary) background
noise can be handled quite well by current signal processing based solutions
to the problem of noise reduction (speech enhancement). In many situations,
such as the noise inside a car, this is sufficient.
However, even after years of research, conventional solutions still have huge
problems in detecting and reducing unstable (non-stationary) noise sources.
Such noise sources are frequent in all communication scenarios, for example
the noise generated by a keyboard, a closing door, or coughing in a
teleconference scenario. Other examples are all kinds of noises on a busy
street (car noise, car horns), background talkers, laughter or screaming in a
mobile communication scenario.
For such kind of noise sources, conventional signal processing based
approaches reached a glass ceiling; it does not seem to be possible to make a
major breakthrough without developing fundamentally novel principles.
Recently, novel speech enhancement solutions have been proposed based on
deep learning (Artificial Intelligence). These algorithms are based on training
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an artificial neural network to map noisy speech to clean speech and showed
an impressive improvement over conventional approaches in particular for
unstable noise sources.
However, although these solutions are significantly more powerful than
classical signal processing solutions, it is not possible to deploy them for
enhancing voice communication. Currently, these solutions are not capable of
performing real-time enhancement due to design and complexity issues. At the
moment, applications are limited to research and offline processing, such as
automatic speech recognition.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: Speech enhancement (speech quality and
intelligibility enhancement) for mobile voice communication in noisy
environments, in particular for reducing unstable (non-stationary) noise
sources?
Develop speech enhancement solution based on deep learning principles
which can be applied to enhance voice communication. This involves:
- Designing novel deep neural network (DNN) topologies which can be
used for enhancing real-time voice communication;
- Low-delay DNN decoding strategies.
Reducing the complexity of current implementations for meeting low
performance demands and enabling mobile device applications.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Real-time capable speech enhancement algorithms for voice communication
on mobile devices which can significantly improve the speech quality and
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intelligibility in noisy environments, in particular exhibiting unstable
(non-stationary) noise sources.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR) improved at least by 6 dB for non-stationary
noise sources;
Algorithmic delay lower than 32 ms.
7 Phased Project Plan
2 years, 2~3 stages.
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HIRPO20160705: VR Streaming
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: virtual reality streaming
List of Abbreviations
VR: Virtual Reality
HMD: Head Mounted Displays
3 Background
Presently many companies are involved in creating products for the nascent
VR market. This market is expected to grow to US$30 Billion in the next five
years and will require large amounts of network bandwidth. Today, most companies
are concentrating in providing hardware devices to experience VR such as
glasses/goggles/HMDs (examples: Facebook Oculus Rift, Microsoft HoloLens,
Samsung Gear, etc.).
Digi-Capital 2015
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An important aspect for the development of the VR market is content. There
are currently two major application domains that imply large markets: Games
and Cinematic VR. The latter involves the creation of panoramic 360degree
video content for entertainment purposes. The creation of such video content
implies large amounts of video data, typically 6 to 16 times the normal data
required for HD content today. Transmission and delivery of such large
amounts of data is a challenge that has not yet been properly solved.
Essential technologies, yet to be fully developed by the industry, are the
efficient compression and transmission of VR content. These technologies are
generally known as VR Streaming and include panoramic 360 degree
field-of-view both outward facing (cameras looking out to the world) or
inward-facing (cameras distributed around a particular scene, for instance,
sporting arena).
Currently there are several potential areas of development that will lead to
technical and IPR advantages in the near future. There is evidence that VR
technologies will be prevalent in the future in various markets that might not be
fully developed on envisioned today, therefore it is important to create an IPR
portfolio that will place Huawei in a good strategic advantage in the future.
Many VR technologies are products are being developed in Silicon Valley.
Both Google and Facebook provide much VR content that is fully 360 degree
panoramic; however, the encoding is very basic and does not take full
advantage of optimal network conditions.
It is important to note that the success of Cinematic VR.
4 Scope
The main problem to be solved is how to efficiently compress/code panoramic
360 degree VR content from a sensor array. The sensors may consist of
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cameras, light-field sensors or other depth sensors. The current state-of-the
art uses brute force or very simple techniques to compress and stream the
multiple sources produced by VR camera systems, which can consist from 6 to
16 camera/sensors.
The research scope includes video compression algorithms, video processing
algorithms and systems that efficiently stream multiple real-time digital media
sources adapted for transmission over the network infrastructure. Furthermore,
the scope includes methodologies for managing the streaming of VR content
to multiple users/destinations in a network-efficient manner.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Algorithms and methods for VR Streaming over existing networks;
Network-aware algorithms and methods for VR Streaming over existing
networks;
Systems and algorithms that efficiently code VR content for delivery to
multiple customers;
Software to demonstrate the performance of the systems created above;
Evaluation mechanisms/systems/algorithms to evaluate the performance
of VR Streaming;
Documentation for all algorithms, methods and systems for VR Streaming;
Mapping;
Sphere coding;
Multiview switching;
Compression algorithm under some specific mapping algorithms.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~1months): In-depth study of state-of-the-art VR coding/streaming
technologies. Identify key/profitable technical areas for development and
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standardization. Identify fundamental areas of innovation;
Phase2 (~2 months): Set up development, simulation and evaluation
frameworks. Create/acquire multiple camera/sensor acquisition. Create
display/demonstration systems (glasses, monitors, etc.). Demonstrate current
Panoramic VR system using existing content matching Google, Facebook;
Phase3 (~8 months): Using pre-recorded content for non-real time processing.
Demonstrate VR Coding and Streaming system simulations. Objective and
subjective comparison with current systems;
Phase 4 (~2 months): Project conclusion and recommendations.
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HIRPO20160706: Sports Video Highlight Identification
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: video recognition
3 Background
With the explosive growth of video resources, it is difficult to find content of
interest in time for people. Video highlight identification can effectively help
people save time and reduce network traffic costs. Scenes and shots change
frequently in video streams, it’s very hard to extract video highlight accurately.
The objectives of the project is to identify sports video highlight (football and
basketball video) without relying on any special camera or sensors.
4 Scope
Automatic football and basketball video highlight recognition without relying on
any special camera or sensors.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Sourcecode, demo and design document.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Video sequence: select from England Primere League/NBA, 1080p@30fps;
Football video highlight:shoot、goals、free kick、penalty kick;
Basketball video highlight:dunk、block shot、alley oop、cluth goal;
Precision:>90%;
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Recall:>90%.
7 Phased Project Plan
2 years, 2~3 stages.
Click here to back to the Top Page
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HIRPO20160707: Research on Video Coding Model for
Saving Bitrate without Subjective Quality Loss
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: content aware video coding
List of Abbreviations
OTT : Over The Top
ABR: Adaptive Bit Rate
QP: Quant Parameter
3 Background
For over-the-top (OTT) distribution, Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) is utilized; the
encoder needs to produce multiple streams for each video input, enabling the
end user to dynamically select the best stream for their network connection.
Each stream will be split into some segments in server, the player will detects
user’s bandwidth and select the best stream automatically during playback.
For example, we set the multiple streams bitrate below:
High Medium Low
1080P 8000kbps 6000kbps 4000kbps
720P 2000kbps 1000kbps
480P 700kbps
It is well know that allocating const bitrate for a size doesn’t produce best
results. For example, most cartoons can get good experience below 4000kbps
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for 1080P size, but some complex content sequence needs more than
8000kbps. We need an intelligent algorithm to allocate bitrate for various
sequences by analyzing the content.
We notice that Netflix has used a technology called ‘Per-Title Video Encoding
Optimization’ for transcoding video to reduce its video services.
4 Scope
1) Propose a method for getting suitable QP by analyzing video content to
transcode stream with constant resolution, reduce bitrate without subjective
quality loss;
2) Propose a method for getting best resolution by analyzing video content to
transcode stream with constant bitrate, this resolution get better experience
than others;
3) Research on fast process algorithm for above requirements;
4) Research on objective video quality assessment methods for video
transcoding;
5) Research on the video quality assessment for multiple screen, such as
phone, PC and TV.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Algorithm design documents;
Technical reports of the codec’s performance;
Source code of the screen content coding code.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Fail: Not completed the algorithm in the Section 5;
Pass: We will provide a constant-QP to transcode various sequences for a
constant quality, your ‘adaptive-QP’ method should save 30% bitrate
compared with constant-QP transcoding project;
your ‘adaptive-size’ method should Save 30% bitrate compared with
constant-size transcoding project;
The process algorithm must be faster than x264(use ‘—preset medium’
option);
The operational instructions should be verified on real components;
Excellent: Saving 40% bitrate.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
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HIRPO20160708: Precondition Parameters for
Solderability Test of Tin-containing Surface Finish
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: depth-based spatio-Temporal video
warping
List of Abbreviations
2D: 2-Dimensional
3D: 2-Dimensional
3 Background
While spatial image warping is extensively used in image and video editing
applications for creating a wide variety of interesting special effects, there are
only very primitive tools for manipulating the temporal flow in a video. For
example, it can compare temporal speeding up (slowing down) of the video to
image zoom, or the “in-out” video selection to image crop and shift. But there
are fewer tools that implement the depth-based spatio-temporal analogues of
more general image warps, such as the various image distortion effects found
in.
Thus depth-based spatio-temporal warping of video, which provides much
more general time flow manipulation capabilities, allows a large variety of
warps to be specified in an intuitive manner, resulting in many interesting and
useful operations on video, ranging from subtle timing changes to eyecatching
special effects. For example, it is easy to slow down the time flow in a
particular spatio-temporal region of the video while speeding it up in another
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region. This makes it possible to modify a competition video to produce a
number of new videos, each having a different winner.
4 Scope
1) Computer vision techniques for video motion analysis;
2) A sequence of time slices is generated by sweeping an evolving time front
surface through the space-time volume;
3) Picture/Image Generation—display algorithms;
4) Video editing, video-based rendering, such as the depth-based
spatio-temporal magnifying glass, creation of patterns on dynamic texture
videos, motion parallax effects.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The patent for the idea of depth-based Spatio-Temporal Video Warping;
Cell phone or PC-based demo;
Source code.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Fail: The demo does not work, or shows much artifacts;
Pass: The demo successfully makes depth-based video motion analysis, and
generates time slices, and could edit video easily. The warped new video has
very few artifacts;
Excellent: The demo accurately makes video motion analysis, and generates
time slices, and could edit video easily and effectively. The warped new video
has very no artifacts which human could feel.
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7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
Click here to back to the Top Page
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HIRPO20160709: Depth-based Salient Regions
Detection
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: salient regions detection
3 Background
Utilizing images and videos to understand ambient environment is one of most
important goals in computer vision. To achieve this, a good salient region
detection is the first step. Salient region detection technique could extract the
salient information from images or videos. Robust and accurate saliency
detection could bring much useful and helpful information to image editing,
image retrieve, image enhancement, 3A and so on.
Based on principle of Human Vision System, salient region detection
calculates the scores of saliency for each region in image through analysis of
the color, brightness and local direction features. Currently a lot of methods are
proposed, however, there are still a lot of challenges, especially detection
accuracy and robustness need improving so much.
Dual-camera based devices become more popular in our daily life. Besides
traditional RGB information, they could also give depth information. This will
make the high-accuracy saliency detection be possible.
4 Scope
1) Most current methods have low robustness, and are easily affected by
mixed colors, complex texture and complex background. The results is difficult
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to satisfy real applications, because it could not provide accurate saliency
information;
2) Current methods only focused on 2D RGB images as inputs, so the results
is fallible, cannot provide the details of salient object, such as highlight the
whole object, show clear boundaries and so on.
Goal: Based on stereo vision-based depth information, high-accuracy saliency
detection algorithm is developed.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Algorithm docs, source code, one patent.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Saliency detection should support video and picture mode;
Detection accuracy ratio >92%, integrity of detected object>95%;
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
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HIRPO20160710: Acoustic Scene Classification on
Smartphone
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: acoustic scene detection/classification
3 Background
Sounds carry a large amount of information about our everyday environment
and physical events that take place in it. Humans can perceive the sound
scene we are within (busy street, office, etc.), and recognize individual sound
sources (car passing by, footsteps, etc.). Developing signal processing
methods to automatically extract this information has huge potential in several
applications, for example searching for multimedia based on its audio content,
making context-aware mobile devices, robots, cars etc., and intelligent
monitoring systems to recognize activities in their environments using acoustic
information. However, a significant amount of research is still needed to
reliably recognize sound scenes and individual sound sources in realistic
soundscapes, where multiple sounds are present, often simultaneously, and
distorted by the environment.
The target of this project is to develop an advance method by using
computational scene and event analysis technologies, to let the Smartphone
or small terminals to understand the environment.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved:
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The goal of acoustic scene classification is to classify the recordings into one
of predefined classes that characterizes the environment in which it was
recorded - for example "park", "street", "office".
Acoustic scenes are as follows:
Bus - traveling by bus in the city (vehicle);
Cafe / Restaurant - small cafe/restaurant (indoor);
Car - driving or traveling as a passenger, in the city (vehicle);
Metro station (indoor);
Office - multiple persons, typical work day (indoor);
Residential area (outdoor);
Train (traveling, vehicle).
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The Expected outcome of this project is a set of algorithms which can be run in
Smartphone to detect the acoustic environment. It includes:
Detailed technical report;
C/C++ source code;
Possible patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The outcome algorithm will be developed and tested on a predefined dataset.
The dataset consist of two subsets: development dataset and evaluation
dataset. The partitioning of the data into the subsets was done based on the
location of the original recordings. All segments obtained from the same
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original recording were included into a single subset - either development
dataset or evaluation dataset. Participants are asked to train their system
using any subset or complete set of the available development dataset.
The scoring of acoustic scene classification will be based on classification
accuracy: the number of correctly classified segments among the total number
of segments. Each segment is considered an independent test sample.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
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HIRPO20160711: Photo Enhancement Using
Structured Light
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: computational photography
3 Background
Computational photography combines plentiful computing, digital sensors,
modern optics, and smart lights to escape the limitations of traditional film-like
cameras and enable novel image applications, such as high dynamic range,
variable focus, supper resolution, 3D reconstruction and so on. In traditional
film-like digital photography, camera images represent a view of the scene via
a 2D array of pixels. Computational photography attempts to understand and
analyze a higher dimensional representation of the scene. Rays are the
fundamental primitives. One of the most common applications is a binocular
camera which can measures the depth of an object based on the
corresponding points’ matching. Meanwhile, a projector is considered as the
dual of a camera. Using a projector-camera coupling module, a structured light
system acquires 3D models with higher precision than traditional binocular
system. Further on, we add a programmable mask before the image sensor in
order to get high quality images under strong or low ambient light.
4 Scope
A system consisting of a projector and a camera acquires high quality images
under strong or low ambient light using a programmable mask placed before
the image sensor and programmable illumination from the projector.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Coded illumination algorithm, emulation code and related patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Pass Huawei's acceptance check.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
Click here to back to the Top Page
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HIRPO20160712: Study on Optical Image Blur
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: computational photography optical blur
3 Background
One of the benefits of large aperture lens is shooting a photo with background
blur effects, while blurred background will highlight the subject. In the minds of
many persons beautiful blur represents the quality of a picture. The
background blur, especially the ultimate virtual effect, will be difficult via directly
optical imaging for mobile camera lens; still it’s possible to get a similar effect
by image post processing. In fact, a lot of cell phone manufacturers have
introduced products with wide-aperture background blur effects, such as
Huawei P9 with a binocular camera. The mobile phones with multi-cameras,
calculating scene depth information, and further producing a virtual aperture
effect, will be more and more popular.
One of the keys to get a good virtual aperture is the blur model: how to
transform the real optical image blur effect into an image processing model,
simulating fuzzy background caused by the circle of confusion, and the facula
of the light source. The challenges of the current study, to achieve optical blur
on a mobile phone, include: 1. facula model: there is a difference before and
after the actual imaging focus plane and the facula effect varies according to
the aperture, focal length, object distance, aperture shape, etc.; 2 facula
relationships: the facula effect of the adjacent light sources at the same
distance, and light sources at different levels are of mutual influence, not
isolated; 3 relations of faculae and ouf-of-focus blur: there should be a natural
transition between the faculae and the surrounding blur neighbors, and the
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in-focus object and out-of-focus background; 4, mobile phone lens effects: the
input RGB image contains weak optical blur itself, so the model needs to
consider the impact of conventional optical imaging; 5. content impacts: mobile
application environment is variable, e.g. too bright or dark of the taken photo;
the model should forms a natural pleasant blur under different conditions. 6,
the mobile phone platform performance: mobile terminals are very sensitive
with power consumption, hoping to have a low power consumption model.
4 Scope
The optical imaging blur model (dealing with faculae themselves and their
neighbors, eliminating existing mobile phone out-of-focus blur.
Blur evaluation criteria.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Design specification of the optical blur principles of the model;
Evaluation criteria instructions of the optical imaging blur;
Prototype system (including source codes), and the simulation results for a
particular SLR len;
Rffect evaluation report of the prototype system;
Patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Pass Huawei's acceptance check.
7 Phased Project Plan
Project Cycle 12 to 16 months, 2~3 stages. Click here to back to the Top Page
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HIRPO20160713: Research on Bearer Network
Architecture and Technology for Video
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: bearer network for video
3 Background
Video is now an integral part of life, recent forecasts predict that 80% of
internet traffic in 2019 will be video. And video is a new service driving revenue
growth to carriers. Video service brings lots of opportunities, and in the
meantime, it brings many challenges. There is a variety of new video services
which have different traffic patterns and requirements on network, such as
VR/AR video. How those traffic models influencing on current carrier network
(includes access networks, core networks, data center networks) architecture?
What is the optimal network architectures according to heterogeneous
consumption patterns?
The answers to those fundamental questions will have profound and valuable
impact on the current operators business strategy as well as the evolution of
the future carrier network.
4 Scope
The scope of this project covers new video services and scenarios, e.g. VR,
AR and etc. And how all above video services impact on the carriers’ networks.
The content of the project includes, but is not limited to, the following parts:
1) Analysis of new video services’ traffic characteristics, modeling those traffic
consumption according to various scenario, and research how those traffic
make influence on carrier network architecture;
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2) Analysis of video service requirements on carrier network, and how the
network could do to adapt to those requirements by providing new services,
technologies, and other methods;
3) Analysis of main challenges to develop video services, and how bearer
network to satisfy future video services, such as VR/AR video;
4) Research on measuring VR/AR video user experience, and best experience
bearer network architecture.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The deliveries of the project include, but are not limited to the following:
1) Publications in peer-reviewed Journals or top ranked conferences, and/or
invention/ patents on video impact on carrier network, network related
technology innovation;
2) Research reports on new video services traffic patterns, scenarios, new
carrier network architecture, etc.;
3) Prototype on new bearer network architecture for video, with source codes
and corresponding design and implementation documents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) One or two papers published in peer-reviewed Journals or top ranked
conferences, and/or invention/ patents on video impact on carrier network,
network related technology innovation;
2) At least one open speech or demonstration in an video top level meeting or
associated workshop;
3) The research report or thesis about video traffic’ analysis, video industry’s
impact on every kind of network areas(including access network, transport
network, core network, data center network), new carrier network architecture
and so on, should be accepted by Huawei’s Review Group.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Stage Date Work
description
Output Evaluation
Criteria
1 ~3
months
Specify
milestones.
Thesis
proposal cover
the whole
research
scope.
Routine
technical &
work progress
meeting.
1, An determined
work plan about what
should we do in this
project and how to
guaranty the
successful of the
collaboration
2, Research report on
video services’ traffic
characteristics,
modeling those traffic
consumption
according to various
scenario
The documents
can be accepted
by Huawei’s
Review Group.
2 ~5
months
Continuing the
research work.
Academic
paper’ writing.
Prototype
design and
coding.
Routine
technical &
work progress
meeting.
1, Research how
those traffic make
influence on carrier
network architecture.
2, Research video
service requirements
on carrier network,
and how the network
could do to adapt to
those requirements
by providing new
services,
technologies, and
other methods.
3. Research future
bearer network for
video
The design
documents can
be accepted by
Huawei’s Review
Group.
3 ~4
months
Complete the
research work.
Academic
paper is
accepted by
the Journals or
1, Research report on
all items described in
section 5
2, Complete all
papers
3, Complete
1, Finish the
prototype
implementation,
complete the
prototype’s
coding, testing,
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top ranked
conferences.
Implement
prototype for
demonstration
and verifying.
Routine
technical &
work progress
meeting.
prototype
verifying, and
related report
2, Hold an
associated
workshop or
attend a video
related summit,
on which make
an open speech
or demonstration.
3, The paper
published in
peer-reviewed
Journals or top
ranked
conferences
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HIRPO20160714: Key Technical Research on VR Audio
1 Theme: Media Technology
2 Subject: audio technology
List of Abbreviations
VR: Virtual Reality
3 Background
There’s been more VR content made in the past year than the last twenty
combined, thanks to the emergence of the Oculus Rift, Sony’s Project
Morpheus and other such virtual reality (VR) devices. There’s lots of innovation
happening on the visual front, including new methods of game play, narrative
structure and visual design. The obvious question: what’s happening on the
audio front?
Person VR worlds are all about trying to make the experience as believable as
possible. This means that every aspect of the audio-visual experience must
contribute to it. With VR and head tracking, the difference between binaural
audio versus traditional stereo panning is huge, especially when dealing with
both the horizontal and vertical plane. It is quite a cool experience to see
something fly over you and hear it move over your head too.
Most VR experiences are personal and are usually experienced through
headphones making real-time binaural audio a perfect fit. So
headphone-based rendering is particularly attractive for VR audio system.
For headphone-based rendering, to maintain the cues that the brain needs to
localize the sound so the illusion remains intact is very important. The human
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ears pick up audio in three dimensions. The brain processes multiple cues to
spatialize that sound. One of the most basic indicators is proximity. The ear
closer to the source picks up sound waves before the other; there's a gap in
the time that it takes to travel from one ear to the other. The distance also
changes the audio levels. Together, these differences help the brain pinpoint
the exact source of the sound. But the same cues don't apply to all directions.
Sounds that emerge from the front or the back are more ambiguous for the
brain. In particular, when a sound from the front interacts with the outer ears,
head, neck and shoulders, it gets colored with modifications that help the brain
solve the confusion. Same situation could be found when the sounds are
emerged from up or down. This interaction creates a response called
Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF), which has now become the linchpin
of personalized immersive audio. For each person, Head-Related Transfer
Function is personalized. But usually a generic HRTF will be used, because it
is not realistic to record the personalized HRTF for each person. Humans rely
on spectral modifications of sounds caused by the head and body to resolve
this ambiguity. These spectral modifications are filters and reflections of sound
caused by the shape and size of the head, neck, shoulders, torso, and
especially, by the outer ears (or pinnae). Because sounds originating from
different directions interact with the geometry of our bodies differently, our
brains use spectral modification to infer the direction of origin. For each person,
the reflections will be different, so a virtual sound source generated using a
generic HRTF will be not easy to be localized in front/back up/down.
HRTF-based rendering system, a virtual sound source on left or right will be
easy to be distinguished by listener, but it will be not easy to distinguish the
position in front or back. At for the position up or down, it will be more difficult to
be distinguished.
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For a high quality VR audio rendering system, distinguishing the position of the
virtual sound source in horizontal directions is not good enough. A good
capability on distinguishing the position of the virtual sound source in vertical
directions is also very important. And it will help to provide more realistic virtual
reality experience.
Is it possible to determine a generic set of HRTF pairs that are good enough to
resolve the front/back up/down confusion that is inherent in 3-D audio
rendering across gender, languages and cultures? If a single set is not
possible, roughly how many sets would be required and how would selection
for each individual be achieved centrally? Is there any efficient post processing
method could help to resolve the front/back up/down confusion?
4 Scope
Research on VR audio rendering algorithm: generate a virtual sound
source not only at any expected position in horizontal directions but also in
vertical directions. And for the headphone playback, the listener could
distinguish the position of the virtual sound source up/down.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Source code for VR audio rendering algorithm and the related technical report;
Technical investigation and technical trend analysis report on binaural/speaker
rendering.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Complete the Technical investigation and technical trend
analysis report on binaural/speaker rendering, and research on VR audio
rendering algorithm which could used to generate virtual sound source in
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horizontal and vertical directions;
Phase2 (~6 months): Improve the performance of VR audio rendering
algorithm, make it could achieve the acceptance criteria, and complete the
Technical report related to the VR audio rendering algorithm.
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HIRPO201608: Engineering
Technology
HIRPO20160801: High Power/Low Loss Microwave
Phase Shifter
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: IRF/antenna
3 Background
Massive MIMO is regarded as the most important architecture of 5G Base
Station, which could improve the communication capacity and throughput by
several times. And phase-shifting of each signal from TRU implemented in
MIMO system could provide a large scale of the antenna scanning and form
some special radiation pattern. As a result, a low loss and high power variable
microwave phase shifter become the key component for MIMO antenna array.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved:
Current phase shifter solution IL is too high and cause much thermal reliability
issues, investigate microwave phase shifter which could provide low loss (2dB)
under high power(30dBm at peak) application.
Research Scope:
(a) Low loss tunable components design (varactor or switches,etc);
(b) Phase shifter solution design;
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(c) Prototype fabrication;
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Simulation models, design and test reports, prototypes.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Prototypes should meet following spec. requirements:
Items Requirements
Freq. Band
24.25~27.5GHz or
27.5~29.5GHz
Power Handling
Peak Power>30dBm, Avg.
Power>23dBm
Insertion Loss 2dB(Full Temp.)
Max Phase Shift 360 degree
32*11.25=360
degree
Step 11.25 degree 5 Bits Digital Control
Precision ≤±2degree(TBD)
Amplitude Fluctuation ≤±0.25dB
IIP3 43dBm
Absolute Group Delay
Fluctuation ≤±10ps
Group Delay ≤±5ps(TBD)
Return Loss ≤1.3
Switching Time ≤50ns(TBD)
Power Comsumption ≤0.1W(TBD)
Operation Temp. -40~85degreeC
Interface WR42/WR28
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year;
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Phase1 (~3 months): Feasibility study. Several phase shifter concepts
investigation and comparison (RF MEMs/Low loss varactor/HIS waveguide,
etc);
Phase2 (~3 months): Phase shifter solution design;
Phase3 (~3 months): Tunable components design;
Phase4 (~3 months): Prototype manufacturing and measurement.
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HIRPO20160802: Wafer Level Package MEMS Sensor
Dacapping Method Establishment
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: physical analysis technology
List of Abbreviations
MEMS: Micro-electromechanical Systems
PFA: Physical failure analysis
3 Background
MEMS devices, especially MEMS sensor like accelerator or gyroscope, are
almost packaged in wafer scale and with molding compound outside. The
molding compound shouldn’t be etching chemically, because the wafer
bonding material may be destroyed, especially like the low temperature
glass-frit bonding, then the internal atmosphere must be changed. So the
challenge is: How to move off the molding compound without destroying the
MEMS wafer package.
And, we need to do some deep analysis on the MEMS die, especially failure
analysis, so it is very important to move off the MEMS lid without bringing in
any external matter or destroying the MEMS structures, or changing the
structure inner stress distribution. The challenge is wafer level non-destructive
decapping on MEMS device.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved:
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Wafer level and molding compound level non-destructive decapping method
on MEMS device.
Mainly on MEMS device with wafer level package, or with both wafer level and
molding compound level package,including MEMS accelerator, gyroscope,
integrated IMU, and MEMS RF device, including FBAR and BAW at present.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Wafer level non-destructive decapping method and platform scheme on
MEMS device as above scope.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Establishing the method and platform scheme of non-destructive decapping
successfully on wafer level MEMS package, or with both wafer level and
molding compound level package. It should be applied on all kinds wafer
bonding material/ method between the MEMS base and lid in HUAWEI device
category.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year.
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HIRPO20160803: Improve BL Film Transmittance Rate
to Reduce LCM Power
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: display technology
List of Abbreviations
AMOLED: Active-matrix organic light emitting diode
3 Background
The continuation time is an advantage for mobile phone. LCM power is top in
mobile phone. It’s important to reduce the LCD power by improving the light
efficiency. It’s a method to reduce LCM power by improving the luminance of
back light in the same LED power.
4 Scope
This project is targeting the improvement luminance of back light unit. It
involves technologies in fields of optical microstructure design and simulation.
Within this project, solution should be realized solution with more than 10%
luminance improvement without change LED material selection and amount.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Solution to with more than 10% luminance improvement;
Demo of the presented solution;
1 patent at least.
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Back light unit film with more than 10% luminance;
There is no defect found on the demo sample after Huawei reliability test. (at
least 5 inch square).
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year.
Stage 1: From T to T+2M
Work plan for Stage 1: Searching possible solution, planning;
Stage 2: From T+2M to T+5M
Work plan for Stage 2: Small sample to prove general concept;
Stage 3: From T+5M to T+10M
Work plan for Stage 3: Demo;
Stage 4: From T+5M to T+10M
Work plan for Stage 4: Patenting and summary.
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HIRPO20160804: Precondition Parameters for
Solderability Test of Tin-containing Surface Finish
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: reliability
3 Background
Im-Sn and electroplating Matte Sn are widely used as component and PCB
surface finish. Prior to solderability test, all samples are required durability
conditioning, the standard of durability conditions are contradict with each
other (IPC J-STD-002,003 and 4554), especially for the Im-Sn components
fabricated by PCB techniques. In June of 2013, IPC released the IPC
J-STD-002D, Steam@1hour and 8hours are pointed out that they are not
suitable for the Tin-containing finishes, however, the mechanisms are not
explained, and also the relationship between preconditions and natural storage
period is not clear.
4 Scope
1) IPC J-STD-002 is for the Solderability test of components and IPC
J-STD-003 is for the Solderability test of PCB board, then what kinds of
preconditions should be applied for the Im-Sn components fabricated by PCB
techniques?
2) IPC provided five kinds of preconditions (Steam @1hour, Steam @4hours,
Steam @8hours, Steam @16hours and 155℃@4hours). However, there is no
logical theory how to choose the preconditions. It is necessary to clear up each
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precondition to survive natural storage period with different surface finishes,
package types and storage environment.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Research report;
Operational Instructions of Solderability Test.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Clarify the relationship between precondition of Solderability test and natural
storage period clearly;
The operational instructions should be verified on real components.
7 Phased Project Plan
2 years, 2~3 stages.
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HIRPO20160805: Integrated Dual-Polarized BTS
Filter-Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and
Selectivity for Sub-6G MIMO Application
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: filter-antenna technology
List of Abbreviations
RF: Radio frequency
BTS: Base Station
MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output
PCB: Printed Circuit Board
3 Background
The sub-6GHz MIMO system requires most integrated, low profile and low cost
RF-frontend passive circuit, filter/antenna/shifter/power
divider/switch/calibration, etc. Also the second and third harmonic signal
produced by the PA should be also filtered.
PCB lamination process is a good choice for integration and low cost. But
there will be many problem need to be solved, worse loss, bandwidth, beam
width, +/-45deg cross polarization, port and polarization isolation. Maybe it is a
good method to co-design Filter and antenna to enhance bandwidth, reduce
loss and selectivity.
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4 Scope
Filter and Antenna co-design with enhance bandwidth and selectivity.
Low loss:
Well Integrated with Filter and Antenna;
Easy fabricated with PCB lamination.
Low cost:
Specification for 3-section BTS application, beam width, +/-45deg cross
polarization, port isolation, polarization isolation, etc.. The MIMO antenna
arrays consist of m*n elements, and every two antenna elements is connect by
a 1 to 2 power dividers.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Feasibility analysis report;
Simulation report;
Practical samples;
Design and test report;
Patent.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months):
Industry and solution research;
Feasibility analysis;
Schematic and EM simulation;
Phase2 (~6 months):
Fabrication and test;
Optimization;
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Fabrication and test again;
Final report.
7 Acceptance Criteria
The bandwidth of the Filter-Antenna is about 15%@ about 3.5GHz;
Well selectivity at second harmonic frequency;
Lower loss than cascading Filter and antenna;
3dB beam width;
+/-45deg cross polarization;
Port isolation;
Polarization isolation.
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HIRPO20160806: Integrated Dual-Polarized
Filter-Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and
Selectivity for 5G-mmWave MIMO Application
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: filter-antenna technology
List of Abbreviations
RF: Radio frequency
BTS: Base Station
MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output
PCB: Printed Circuit Board
3 Background
The 5G-mmWave MIMO system requires most integrated and low cost
RF-frontend passive circuit, filter/antenna/shifter/power
divider/switch/calibration, etc. Filter should be used to reject LO leakage and
image signals.
PCB lamination process is a good choice for integration and low cost. But
there will be many problem need to be solved, worse loss, bandwidth, beam
width, +/-45deg cross polarization, port and polarization isolation. Maybe it is a
good method to co-design Filter and antenna to enhance bandwidth, reduce
loss and selectivity.
4 Scope
Filter and Antenna co-design with enhance bandwidth and selectivity.
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Low loss:
Well Integrated with Filter and Antenna;
Easy fabricated with PCB lamination.
Low cost:
Specification for 3-section 5G-mmWave application, beam width, +/-45deg
cross polarization, port isolation, polarization isolation, etc.. The MIMO
antenna arrays consist of m*n elements, and every two antenna elements is
connect by a 1 to 2 power dividers.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Feasibility analysis report;
Simulation report;
Practical samples;
Design and test report;
Patent.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~6 months):
Industry and solution research;
Feasibility analysis;
Schematic and EM simulation;
Phase 2 (~6 months):
Fabrication and test;
Optimization;
Fabrication and test again;
Final report.
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7 Acceptance Criteria
The bandwidth of the Filter-Antenna is about 11%@ about 30GHz;
Well rejection at LO leakage and image signals;
Lower loss than cascading Filter and antenna;
3dB beam width;
+/-45deg cross polarization;
Port isolation;
Polarization isolation.
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HIRPO20160807: Multiple Beam Forming Network
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: multi-beam antenna
3 Background
MBB Challenges in Capacity and Coverage Enhancement, but site acquisition
is difficult and spectrum is always limited, so mulit-sector solution is chosen to
improve capacity. Compared with traditional antenna, multi-beam antenna can
achieve Better Performance for less overlap and blind hole.
4 Scope
Design a multiple beam forming network,split one beam to two beam,the
insertion loss of the multiple beam forming network as small as
possible.meanwhile meet the requirements of low PIM and high power
capacity.
Operating frequency:1.7~2.2GHz;
Return Loss: ≤-20Db;
Amplitude balance: ≤±0.5Db;
Phase balance: ≤±5 degree;
Insertion Loss: ≤[email protected]~2.2GHz;
Third PIM: ≤-115dBm@2*43dBm
Power Capacity: ≥100W;
Port Impedence: 50 Ohm.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Feasibility analysis report;
Simulation report;
Practical samples;
Design and test report;
Patent.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~6 months):
Industry and solution research;
Feasibility analysis;
Schematic and EM simulation;
Phase 2 (~6 months):
Fabrication and test;
Optimization;
Fabrication and test again;
Final report.
7 Acceptance Criteria
The bandwidth of the multiple beam forming network is about 25%@ 1.94Ghz;
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Lower loss;
Amplitude balance;
Phase balance;
Power Capacity;
Third PIM.
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HIRPO20160808: Exploring High Power Low Loss
Waveguide Phase Shifter
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: passive component technology
3 Background
Massive MIMO and beam sweep will be used to improve communication
capacity, at high frequency, using waveguide phase shifter in feed network is
one solution to realize beam sweep.
4 Scope
For the waveguide phase shifter, bandwidth about 10% at 30GHz, three
problem to be solved:
1) Switching time:100ns;
2) Low insertion loss:<2.5dB/360deg@30GHz;
3) Input power: 30dBm.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Theory analysis report, Simulation and measurement report, Testing module,
Patent.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~6 months):
Industry and solution research;
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Feasibility analysis;
Schematic and EM simulation;
Phase 2 (~6 months):
Fabrication and test;
Optimization;
Fabrication and test again;
Final report.
7 Acceptance Criteria
Switching time;
Insertion loss;
Input power.
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HIRPO20160809: Exploring High Power Low Loss
SPDT
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: passive component technology
List of Abbreviations
SPDT: Single Pole Double Throw
3 Background
SPDT is usually used in TDD system, the handling power, switching time and
the insertion loss are the key parameter.
4 Scope
For the SPDT, bandwidth about 10% at 30GHz, three problems to be solved:
1) Low insertion loss:<0.4dB@30GHz;
2) Switching time:100ns;
3) Input power: 40dBm.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Theory analysis report, Simulation and measurement report, Testing module,
Patent.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~6 months):
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Industry and solution research;
Feasibility analysis;
Schematic and EM simulation;
Phase 2 (~6 months):
Fabrication and test;
Optimization;
Fabrication and test again;
Final report.
7 Acceptance Criteria
Switching time;
Insertion loss;
Input power.
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HIRPO20160810: Lithium Battery Failure Early
Detection
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: lithium battery safety
3 Background
The lithium battery in phones has caused many accidents such as battery
explosion. Even the battery manufacturer has adopted many measures to
prevent such accident, it still happens.
Now in the phones, there has some measures to detect the parameters of the
battery, such as temperature, voltage, current, etc., but this method cannot
prevent battery from exploding.
So we need some another method to prevent the battery from explosion, when
the battery is going to explode, there may be some warning exists in the phone,
there will be some measures occur in the phone, such as turn off the phone,
isolate other circuit from the battery, etc., so the user can be avoid from
injuring.
4 Scope
1) Research the parameters that will affect the safety of the battery, and find
which parameters are the key ones;
2) Provided a method that can reduce the likelihood of battery’s explosion, low
cost is preferred. The method can be detecting some parameters of the battery,
if the parameters exceed the limit, there will be a major warning;
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3) The method will not include optimizing manufacturing process, choosing
new materials that are not used widely.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The parameters to be detected, and the research report why these parameters
are selected;
The criteria of the parameters that can show the failure of the lithium battery,
and method to get the criteria.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The report must show the detailed data analysis why these parameters are
selected. And give the order of each parameter. And at least 2 different types
of battery are studied;
When use the criteria of the parameters to control the battery, the early
detection warning accuracy of criteria shall be at least 95%.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year.
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HIRPO20160811: System Reliability& Maturity
Evaluation
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: system reliability& maturity evaluation
3 Background
More and more telecommunication products are delivered to different area in
the world with the increase of the market share. Up till now we have an
authoritative reliability procedure to define the reliability activity during
development and mass production, we do not have a widely accepted
reliability evaluation program to access the failure rate of our product under
different scenarios. We do not have an estimated failure rate for developing
products. In that case it would be difficult to make Spare Parts Management
and warranty analysis for our products. Errors would occur if all activities are
done on experience.
The objectives are to build up a widely accepted reliability evaluation program
that can be used to evaluate the failure rate under different scenarios which
can be proved by developed products.
4 Scope
An effective reliability evaluation program to access the failure rate under
different scenarios.
The reliability evaluation program should be based on the data obtained from
the reliability activity during the development of the product. The data should
include following items, but not limited to:
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1) Reliability prediction of the product;
2) Stress derating;
3) Halt test result;
4) Environment adaptability test result including temperature, humidity,
mechanical stress and corrosion;
5) Accelerated life testing;
6) Accelerated degradation testing;
7) Process capability analysis;
8) Hass test result;
9) Burn in test;
10) Acceptance sampling;
11) Etc..
The failure rate prediction method should be calculated based on all part of or
all the data above.
After the reliability activity during development, a calculated failure rate should
be obtained.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
A widely accepted reliability evaluation program to evaluate the failure rate
under different scenarios.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The reliability evaluation program should be proved effective based on the
data of two or three developed products when all related data are available.
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7 Phased Project Plan
1~2 years.
Work plan for Stage 1: Joint analysis of both reliability activities in Huawei and
reliability evaluation program from chosen experts;
Work plan for Stage 2: Failure rate analysis based on reliability activities of
developed products. The analysis should match the real field failure rate in
recent years. The evaluation program could be modified until the target is
fulfilled. The program should be proved effective on at least two products.
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HIRPO20160812: Research on Special “Metal” which
the Electromagnetic Wave can Penetrate and can be
Anodized Like Aluminum
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: electromagnetic wave penetrable “metal”
with anodized aluminum exterior
3 Background
In following several years, mainstream module material is still metal among
most mobile phone companies, but the antenna slot in metal back cover filled
with resin is needed for RF performance, so the battery cover is not a real
integral metal, the antenna slot split it into more than 2 pieces. For more
elegant appearance and competitive performance, there is a strong need to
find a special “metal” and process to obtain a integral metal exterior that have
aluminum anodizing finish, at meantime the electromagnetic wave can pass
through it while will not affect the RF signal at all. In consequence, the
pre-existed antenna slot can disappear.
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4 Scope
Integral and uniform “metal” back cover with aluminum anodizing finish, and
how to get invisible antenna slot.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Feasibility report;
Samples with integral and uniform “metal” back cover with aluminum anodizing
finish, that can pass the relevant RF tests.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Meet the objectives defined in Section 4 & pass the review of TDT.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year.
Click here to back to the Top Page
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HIRPO20160813: Coarse-Grained Analyses of Android
Applications
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: software analysis technology
List of Abbreviations
IR: Intermediate Representation
CG: Call Graph
3 Background
A call graph aims to capture the calling relation from a source method to its
target method, analyzed from the method invocation instruction within the
source method. The construction of a call graph is a necessary prerequisite for
most inter-procedural analyses. Using a call graph, one can remove dead
methods that are not reachable from the entries, perform the analysis of
inter-procedural constant propagation, as well as help refactoring or
error-fixing activities.
In a typical Java-like project, the dependencies on libraries often compare with
or overwhelm the application part of the program. The fact that only small
proportion of these libraries is related with the application reflects the
redundancy of libraries. As a result, it may be a waste of effort if we construct
the call graph with respect to all the libraries. In the extreme case,
whole-program analysis of a Java “Hello, World!” can give more than 20, 000
calling relations. Additionally, usage scenarios of call graphs often find it
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unnecessary to touch the libraries since they are mostly stable during the
development process.
A partial call graph, with focus on the application part of the program, gives a
clearer insight of program architecture. The key point here is how to represent
the libraries in a coarse-grained way. Intuitively those application-irrelevant
part of libraries is expected to be represented as a single node on the call
graph. Yet other technical challenges may appear in the practical analysis,
which will be specified in the Scope section.
Android apps provide an abundance of features that diffs from Java programs.
For instance, the multiple entries and lifecycle add difficulties on the
construction call graph as well as its coarse-graining. The call graph result is
expected to cover most of the Android features, allowing the sorting with
respect to its importance. In the present case, the Android framework shall be
summarized in a hierarchical way, which means the analysis tool allows
customized control of coarse-graining
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: Construction of partial call graphs for Android apps,
with the framework and libraries summarized in a coarse-graining way;
Note: This is NOT to do the coarse-graining of the whole call graph result.
Coarse-graining and call graph construction shall be treated at the same time,
or called “on-the fly” if one likes to say it. One can however pre-analyze the
framework and libraries, via procedure summary for example.
The present project proposal aims to obtain the partial call graphs for android
apps with respect to three different requirements:
1) Coarse-graining of Android framework and other libraries: the app-irrelevant
methods in libraries shall not be included on the call graph; the app-to-libraries
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and intro-app calling relations shall be consistent with the whole-program
analysis, especially the call back from libraries to apps shall be preserved;
2) Support of Java runtime features, including call-back and reflection;
3) Support of Android-specific features, including lifecycle modelling,
framework modeling, ICC support, concurrency and native code.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Report on the partial call graph construction: This report is not to judge
which way is better, but to present the state of the technologies. The report
should at least present 5 cutting-edge methods published in papers or in tools.
The report is at least to classify different approaches, emphasize their features
and analyze their pros and cons.
Source code: We expect the software and its source code to cover at least
the following functions and features:
1) Coarse-graining of Android framework and other libraries: the app-irrelevant
methods in libraries shall not be included on the call graph; the app-to-libraries
and intro-app calling relations shall be consistent with the whole-program
analysis, especially the call back from libraries to apps shall be preserved;
2) Support of Java runtime features, including call-back and reflection;
3) Support of Android-specific features, including lifecycle modelling,
framework modeling, ICC support, concurrency and native code.
Documentation deliverables:
1) Design document of the coarse-graining of Android framework and other
libraries;
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2) Design document of the solution of supporting Java runtime features,
including call-back and reflection;
3) Design document of the solution of supporting Android-specific features,
including lifecycle modelling, framework modeling, ICC support, concurrency
and native code;
4) Solution for the further improvement, especially on the performance
improvement.
Report on the evaluation of proposed approach:
The report is expected to cover the performance, call graph soundness, and
possible comparison with equivalents;
The benchmark shall refer to DroidBench at
https://github.com/secure-software-engineering/DroidBench .
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) The Deliveries meet the requirement as listed in the Section 5;
2) The methodology, algorithm and software pass the examination of the
Technical Review Team from Huawei;
3) To meet performance requirements, the response time to finish the call
graph construction for a typical 50M Android app shall be less than 10min,
while the memory usage shall be less than 1G.
Acceptance Environment:
Supported Language: Java;
Maximally supported version for analysis: 1.8;
Minimally supported version for analysis: 1.5;
OS support: Windows and Linux.
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7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): Obtaining the partial call graphs of android apps which
are support of Java runtime features: To construct of call graph (CG), with fully
resolution of java runtime features, including call-back and reflection;
Deliverables List:
1) Report on the construction of partial call graphs for Android apps;
2) Source code of call graph construction;
3) Design document of solution of call-back and reflection;
4) Test cases of call graph construction;
Phase2 (~4 months): Obtaining the partial call graphs of android apps which
are support of Android-specific features: To construct of call graph (CG). With
fully resolution of Android-specific features, including framework modeling,
ICC support, concurrency and native code.
Deliverables List:
1) Source code of call graph construction;
2) Design document of the solution of the Android-framework features:
including the details about of creating framework modeling, and the support of
the ICC, concurrency and native code;
3) Test cases of call graph construction;
Phase3 (~4 months): Algorithm engineering: To improve the algorithm and
implementation so that the scalability and soundness of call graph
construction satisfy the requirement as stated in Section 5.
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To optimize the data structure so that the memory usage is within reasonable
size. Deliverables List:
1) Design document of the solution of the scalability and soundness;
2) Solution for the further improvement;
3) Improved source code;
4) Test cases of improved source code;
5) Evaluation report.
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HIRPO20160814: Maintaining Consistency of
Architecture and Code Technology Collaboration
Project
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: maintaining consistency of architecture
and code
List of Abbreviations
DSL: Domain Special Language
DSM: Domain Special Model
3 Background
In many projects, architecture is not consistent with code, because many
architects only deliver document not code but developers always change code
without synchronize to document. So always Code is update to date but
architecture document is out of date.
On the other hand, many architects complain modeling tool is too complex
because they need to learn many concepts before they can modeling
accurately.
We would like to keep architecture and code consistency more easy and low
cost. Architects modeling for architecture much easier and more efficiently.
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4 Scope
1) How to describe architecture by DSL and generate code: design DSL
to describe software architecture, for example, components and interfaces
of the system. DSL can generate some sketch code and interface code;
2) How to extract architecture and interface information from code, like
c/c++/JAVA:design algorithm to extract architecture information from
source code. For example, extract interface information from comments or
annotation which is embed in the source code.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Serial Deliverable
1
DSL for dscribe architecture,which can been easy extend and can
generate code for interface, sketch framework. DSL can be
transform to visual graph Model.
2 Component for extracting architecture and interace information
from code,like c/c++/Java
3 Documents describe principle and prime algorithm
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) DSL can apply to prime products architecture, include IT/Mobile/Network
device and can been extended;
2) DSL can generate code for interface and sketch code, support c/c++/java
code;
3) Code generator is writed in java and can been reused;
4) Component for extracting architecture information from c/c++/java code is
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wrote in java;
5) All components must deliver source code, documents which describe
principle and prime algorithm, test report.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Deliver component include source code for extracting
architecture and interace information from code,like c/c++/java;
Phase2 (~4 months): Deliver DSL for describe architecture, which can been
easy extend to various product and can generate code for interface, sketch
framework;
Phase3 (~2 months): Deliver documents describe principle and prime
algorithm.
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334
HIRPO20160815: A High-Reliable and High-Coverage
Method for Retargeting Android Applications to Java
Bytecode
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: using existing java static analysis tools to
analyze android application
List of Abbreviations
JVM: Java virtual machine
DVM: Dalvik virtual machine
3 Background
Android now hosts more smartphones worldwide than any other mobile
platform, and its market share is increasing quickly.However, existing markets
provide little meaningful security or privacy guarantees because market
providers have neither the tools nor the resources to perform detailed analysis
of submitted applications, and also little tools for the developers to identify
bugs during the software development automatically. Thus, users fall victim to
bad applications with moderate to devastating results, and the application
quality is difficult to be guaranteed.
At the time of registration, Android developers submit an “application package”
containing the program bytecode, resources and an XML manifest to the
market. The submitted applications are initially developed in Java, but
compiled by the developer into Dalvik bytecode. Android runs each application
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on the phone in its own instance of the Dalvik virtual machine (DVM). The
DVM has some major differences with traditional JVM. For example, the DVM
is a register-based architecture and has ambiguous register typing. These
different bytecode and program structures make it impossible to leverage
existing Java tools such as Fortify, Coverity, Doop, Soot, or WALA for program
analysis of Android applications. Thus, in the absence of usable analysis tools,
there is hardly any method to do static analysis on Android applications
automatically.
Therefore, if the Android application can be converted to Java application,
there will be a path for developers and application market providers to perform
static analysis with current Java tools on Android applications, for nowadays
there isn’t any good tool to handle Android applications directly.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: The main purpose of the project is to retarget
dex/apk files to class/jar files, which can then be analyzed by the existing Java
analysis tools. The problems to be resolved include analyzing the difference
between the entry point and lifecycle management of Android application and
Java application, and also the instruction set, type inference algorithm and
byte-code type system used by JVM and DVM.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Report on the difference between Android application and Java
application: The report should analyze the main difference between Android
application and Java application, including the entry point, lifecycle
management, instruction set, type inference, byte-code type system, etc. The
effect of these differences on retargeting process should also be present.
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Documentation:
1) Design document of the solution of the differences between Android
application and Java application mentioned in 6.1;
2) Design document of the solution of high reliability, high coverage, and high
success rate;
3) Design document of the retargeting algorithm;
4) Detailed implementation document of the retargeting algorithm;
5) Document of the solution for the further improvement, especially on the
performance improvement.
Source code and demo of the retargeting tool:
We expect the retargeting tool to cover at least the following functions and
features:
1) Can retarget apk/dex files to jar/class files with high reliability, high
coverage, and high success rate;
2) The generated jar/class files can be analyzed by the existing Java tools
such as Doop, Soot, WALA, Fortify, Coverity.
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) The deliveries meet the requirement as listed in the Section 5;
2) The methodology, algorithm and software pass the examination of the
Technical Review Team from Huawei;
3) To meet performance requirements, the tool should successfully
retarget >99% of the Android applications to Java applications.
Acceptance Environment:
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Supported Language: Java;
OS support: Windows and Linux;
Benchmark: More than 2 open source software, which more than 100 KLOC.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): Analysis of the difference between Android applications
and Java applications: To analyze the effect of the differences between
Android and Java on retargeting process.
Deliverables List:
1) Report on the difference between Android application and Java application;
2) Design document of the solution of the differences between Android
application and Java application;
Phase2 (~6 months): Designing and implementing the retargeting algorithm:
To design and implement the retargeting tool.
Deliverables List:
1) Design document of the retargeting algorithm;
2) Detailed implementation document of the retargeting algorithm;
3) Test cases for retargeting dex/apk files to class/jar files;
4) Source code of the retargeting tool;
Phase3 (~2 months): Evaluation and optimization of the tool: To improve the
algorithm and implementation so that the reliability, coverage, and success
rate satisfy the requirement as stated in Section 5.
1) Design document of the solution of high reliability, high coverage, and high
success rate;
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2) Document of the solution for the further improvement, especially on the
performance improvement;
3) Improved source code and demo with high performance;
4) Compare report of our approach with a popular and widely used tool.
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HIRPO20160816: A Automated Program Repair Method
for Large Real-World Programs
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: automated program repair
List of Abbreviations
KLOC: Thousand Lines of code
3 Background
Debugging consumes significant time and effort in any major software
development project. Moreover, even after the root cause of a bug is identified,
fixing the bug is non-trivial. Yet there are several difficulties preventing the
practical usage of the automated program repair technologies. First, only a few
bugs can be fixed by the tools, maybe below 10% in the real-world program.
The second difficulty is the scalability, for example, some technologies can not
support the program which source code line more than 100 KLOC. The third
difficulty is the efficiency, even though some technologies can support scalable
program, they still need hours to fix the bugs.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: Develop a scalable static analysis tool for
automated repair of program bugs.
To make practical usage of the automated program repair technologies,
Repairability and Scalability is the key problem. The following method can be
use but not limit:
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1) Predict and fix. Before running the program, using the static analysis or
dynamic or both to predict where the bug located and the root cause of
the bug. And fix the bug by some specific patterns or learning from
correct code;
2) Using the traditional search-base technology, advanced by generating
quality candidate patches, make sure that some candidate patches can
fix the bug in real-world program;
3) Semantic-base. For example, using software analysis technology to
locate and fix the bug;
4) Narrow the bug scope, only fix a specific type of bug. For example,
buffer overflow.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Report on the result: Report for the Acceptance Criteria descript in section 6.
Source code:
1) Source code for the main tools;
2) Test case code;
3) Benchmark for the test;
Documentation deliverables:
1) Design document of the main architecture;
2) Design document of the key algorithms;
3) Design document of the solution of the scalability;
4) Solution for the further improvement, include but not limit: How to repair
more type of bugs? How to improve the efficiency? How to be more scalability?
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6 Acceptance Criteria
1) Scalable for 100 KLOC code line, get automated repair result in 60
seconds for one bug;
2) More than 3 types of bugs can be repair. For example: infinite loops, buffer
overruns, integer overflows, deadlock, resource leak, memory leak;
3) For one type of bugs, more than 70% bugs can be automatic repair;
4) Repair for the bug cause by multi-lines.
Acceptance Environment:
Supported Language: C/C++;
OS support: Windows and Linux;
Benchmark: More than 2 open source software, which more than 100 KLOC.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): Design: Main architecture design; Key algorithms
design.
Deliverables List:
1) Document of the main architecture;
2) Document of the key algorithms, include but not limit: The key advantage of
the algorithms. How to be scalability? Which kind of bugs can be well repair?
How to be efficiency?
Phase2 (~4 months): Develop: Source code and test cases development.
Deliverables List:
1) Source code of main tool;
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2) Test cases;
Phase3 (~4 months): Algorithm engineering: improve the algorithm and
implementation.
1) Report for the Acceptance Criteria descript in section 5;
2) Document of algorithm improvement methods;
3) Solution for the further improvement, include but not limit: How to repair
more type of bugs? How to improve the efficiency? How to be more
scalability?
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HIRPO20160817: Energy Proportional Communication
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: energy saving
3 Background
Conventional network and equipments have been designed with network
bandwidth and redundant resources based on peak traffic load for the purpose
of high performance and carrier grade availability. Actual network traffic load is
lower than peak load in most case. But considering the data traffic burstiness,
some links could be very high utilized or congested even the average network
link utilization is low. Network equipments have to operate at peak capacity all
the time. The power consumption of latest equipments can be adaptable with
traffic variation to some extent, but still consume significant in low traffic hours
and active idle mode. Usually network equipments need longer wake up time
for lower power consumption mode. They have to keep higher power
consumption in order to guarantee quality of service. So deep sleep capability
with shorter wakeup time will be main contribution for energy proportional
network equipments.
4 Scope
1) Problem to be resolved: Research on how to achieve energy
proportionality for one or several types of access layer network equipments
(e.g. base station, optical network unit, Ethernet switch) with minimal power
consumption on active idle mode to around 1%~10% of maximum power
consumption;
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2) Equipment deep sleep and fast wakeup technologies: To develop power
consumption model on functional unit level for access layer network
equipments. Focus on low power active idle technologies for key components
(e.g. transceiver, MAC, PHY, SerDes) to solve the challenge of near zero
power in active idle mode and ns~μs wakeup. To research dynamical adaptive
technologies for service processing unit (e.g. baseband, packet processing,
fabric). To study the design methodology on how to decrease the time of
system reconfiguration and software recovery;
3) Load adaptive energy management strategy and algorithm: to develop
optimal sleep/wakeup mechanism, parameter setting of dynamic energy
saving features and resource scheduling algorithms, combining with low power
mode and on/off capability analysis of hardware components, based on traffic
load characteristics (type of services, QoS/SLA constraints, traffic patterns,
etc.) and interaction of different network elements, maximize the period of low
power idle mode while maintaining guaranteed performance/QoS constraints.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Power consumption model on functional unit level (including low power
mode);
2) Low power idle and fast wakeup technologies research report (including
maturity, pros/cons, innovation, design solutions);
3) Load adaptive energy management algorithm and simulation;
4) 1~2 invention/patents.
6 Acceptance Criteria
According to technical analysis or simulation, energy consumption of selected
equipments should be proportional with traffic variation. Power consumption
on active idle mode should be 1%~10% of maximum power consumption with
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guaranteed performance/QoS constraints.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3months): survey of the state of the art of low power idle and fast
wakeup technologies for hardware and software, including maturity analysis,
comparison of pros and cons, energy management mechanisms;
Phase2 (~5months): Research on advanced dynamic energy saving
technologies, explore power consumption model for different low power mode,
and provide report of design solution on hardware and software improvement;
Phase3 (~4months): Research on load adaptive energy management
technologies and provide related algorithms, simulation results and patents.
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346
HIRPO20160818: A Scalable Android Dynamic
Analysis Framework
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: dynamic analyses of android applications
List of Abbreviations
UI: User Interface
DDG: Dynamic Dependency Graph
CG: Call Graph
3 Background
Dynamic analysis, observing a program’s execution to determine its behavior,
has the advantage of uncovering the features only at the runtime, including
reflection and dynamic dispatch. Yet there are several difficulties preventing
the practical usage of dynamic analysis. The first difficulty arises from the
scalability, since dynamic analysis relies on the proper simulation of desired
execution environment, for instance via an emulator. In many cases, the
emulating of the applications has to be repeated many times in order to obtain
enough data for the sound summary of the program behaviors.
The second difficulty for dynamic analysis comes from the coverage of UI
exploration. Many Android apps have behaviors that simply cannot reasonably
be activated without human intervention. The behaviors include
application-specific login prompts, applications that dynamically load content
or code from network resources, etc. A reasonable method needs to be
developed and its pros/cons need to be evaluated.
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4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: Develop a scalable dynamic analysis approach of
Android applications, with the support of reasonable coverage of UI
exploration.
The present project proposal has a twofold purpose. On one hand, we aim to
develop a general dynamic analyses framework of Android applications. Such
a framework is at least able to support the construction of both call graph (CG)
and dynamic dependency graph (DDG), with fully resolution of reflective call
and dynamic dispatch. On the other hand, the dynamic analyses framework
needs to be scalable and reasonably supportive of UI exploration.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Report on the dynamic analyses of Android apps: This report is not to
judge which way is better, but to present the state of the technologies. The
report should at least present 5 edge-cutting methods published in papers or in
tools, including at least 2 static analysis methods of Android apps and 3 other
dynamic analysis methods. The report is at least to classify different
approaches, emphasize their features and analyze their pros and cons.
Source code: We expect the software and its source code to cover at least
the following functions and features:
1) support the construction of both call graph (CG) and dynamic dependency
graph (DDG), with fully resolution of reflective call and dynamic dispatch;
2) e scalable: able to run at least 1,000 Android instances at parallel;
3) easonably support the UI exploration: cover all clickable and typable UI
elements, and basically support the analyses of application-specific login
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prompts, applications that dynamically load content or code from network
resources.
We also expect the test cases for the evaluation of the above functions and
features.
Documentation deliverables:
1) Design document of the call graph (CG) construction, including the
description of the resolving reflective call and dynamic dispatch;
2) Design document of and the dynamic dependency graph (DDG)
construction;
3) Design document of the solution of the scalability;
4) Design document of the solution of UI exploration: including details about of
covering all clickable and typable UI elements, and the basic support of the
analyses of application-specific login prompts, applications that dynamically
load content or code from network resources;
5) Solution for the further improvement, especially on the performance
improvement.
6 Acceptance Criteria
1) The Deliveries meet the requirement as listed in the Section 5;
2) The methodology, algorithm and software pass the examination of the
Technical Review Team from Huawei;
3) To meet performance requirements, the response time to finish the call
graph construction for a 50M Android app shall be less than 10min, while the
memory usage shall be less than 1G.
Acceptance Environment:
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Supported Language: Java;
Maximally supported version for analysis: 1.8;
Minimally supported version for analysis: 1.5;
OS support: Windows and Linux;
Benchmark: Droidbench at
https://github.com/secure-software-engineering/DroidBench.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): Dynamic analysis approach to construct the call graphs
of Android apps: To construct of call graph (CG), with fully resolution of
reflective call and dynamic dispatch.
Deliverables List:
1) Report on the dynamic analyses of Android apps;
2) Source code of call graph construction;
3) Design document of call graph construction;
4)Test cases of call graph construction;
Phase2 (~4 months): Dynamic analysis approach to construct the dynamic
dependency graph of Android apps: To construct of dynamic dependency
graph, with fully resolution of reflective call and dynamic dispatch.
Deliverables List:
1) Source code of dynamic dependency graph construction;
2) Design document of dynamic dependency graph construction;
3) Design document of the solution of the scalability;
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4) Test cases of dynamic dependency graph construction;
Phase3 (~4 months): Algorithm engineering : To improve the algorithm and
implementation so that the scalability and supportability of the UI exploration
satisfy the requirement as stated in Section 5. To optimize the data structure
so that the memory usage is within reasonable size.
Deliverables List:
1) Design document of the solution of the scalability;
2) Design document of the solution of UI exploration: including details about of
covering all clickable and typable UI elements, and the basic support of the
analyses of application-specific login prompts, applications that dynamically
load content or code from network resources;
3) Solution for the further improvement;
4) Improved source code that is scalable and reasonably supportive of the UI
exploration.
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351
HIRPO20160819: Research on Automatic Driving
Application Scenarios and Solutions based on Vehicle
Road Coordination
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: automatic driving
List of Abbreviations
AV: Autonomous Vehicle
CV: Connected Vehicle
CAV: Connected Automated Vehicle
DOT: Department of Transportation
CAAM: China Association of Automobile Manufacturers
ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute
SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers
3 Background
An authoritative classification of automatic driving is proposed by CAAM、DOT、
SAE . Integration of CV technology and AV technology CAV technology
roadmap has become the consensus of the automatic driving industry. The
application of AV technology in automatic driving is relatively mature, while the
value of CV technology in automatic driving has just begun.The current
research focus of CV technology is the evolution from the auxiliary driving to
the automatic driving.
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4 Scope
1) Research Report on automatic driving application scenarios;
2) Research Report on the implementation scheme of typical automatic driving
application scenarios.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Research Report on automatic driving application scenarios:
Research the current situation of the application of CV technology in the
domestic and foreign research situation, to clear the direction of the application
of automatic driving scenarios;
Reference to applications scenarios based on CV technology studied by ETSI
and SAE, Study the typical application scenarios of Automated Driving.
Factors to consider:
a. Compared with AV technology, the advantages of CAV technology in the
aspects of traffic safety, traffic efficiency, traffic comfort, traffic
management and so on;
b. Typical application scenarios need to reflect the evolution of automatic
driving, reflecting the role of CV technology in different automatic driving
levels;
c. Scene analysis requires full consideration of intelligent vehicle,
intelligent road, cloud intelligent, and the effective collaboration of the
vehicle network;
2) Research Report on the implementation scheme of the typical application
scenarios of automatic driving:
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To compare the advantages and disadvantages of the centralized and
distributed automatic driving management, and put forward the implementation
scheme of the typical application scenarios.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Analyze the research status of the application scenarios;
Study the application scenarios of different automatic driving levels; Research
Report on the implementation scheme of the typical application scenarios of
automatic driving;
Phase2 (~12 months): Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the
centralized and distributed automatic driving management; Put forward the
implementation scheme of the typical application scenarios; Research Report
on the implementation scheme of the typical application scenarios of automatic
driving.
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HIRPO20160820: Accelerate Software Builds on the
Cloud
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: software compile/build
3 Background
Huawei envisions a future where infrastructure can support developers to build
quickly to improve software quality. Now the size of projects are growing bigger
and bigger. Such as Android, over 100,000,000 lines codes, 500,000 source
files. When a developer commits to this project with 10 files modified. We hope
the incrementally build could be done in 10 seconds. Every part of the build
system need to accelerate.
4 Scope
Research on software build accelerator system:
1) Software dependency management for source code and binary:
Automatic software dependency generator that support
C/C++/Java/Python/Go. And easily to extend to support new language.
Dependent file list analysis for the listed files given as input in 1 second;
2) Automatic software dependency check and transform: To find incorrect/
redundant/ optimizable place. Then we may get the best/correct dependency
graph which the action graph depend on. The later distributed build process is
based on the action graph;
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3) Multiple level cache system (local / request/ content) for build: Find any
repetitive work in the build process for all the developers worked with the same
project. The goal is about 90% that the object needed in build process could be
got from cache in average.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports on the software build accelerator system. Give a systematic
study of build system and accelerator. The most popular tools. The key
technology. The future trend.
Technical reports of software dependency management solution design;
automatic software dependency check and transform solution design; multiple
level cache system (local / request/ content) for build.
Software build accelerator system with source codes and description.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Give a systematic study of build system and accelerator.
The most popular tools. The key technology. The future trend. And provide the
related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Research on software dependency management
solution design; automatic software dependency check and transform solution
design and provide the related technical report including algorithms;
Phase3 (~3 months): Research on multiple level cache system (local / request/
content) for build and provide the related technical report including algorithms.
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HIRPO20160821: Research on Vehicle Fleet Algorithm
based on Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: automatic drive
List of Abbreviations
ITS: Intelligent Transport System
3 Background
With the progress of technology in recent years, the ITS for automatic driving
has been developed rapidly, especially for the technology based on vehicle
infrastructure cooperation, which will effectively improve the traffic safety and
traffic efficiency.
Vehicle fleet is a way of improving the road utilization rate, improving traffic
efficiency and safety, the industry has some analysis and research on the
vehicle fleet technology, but it is mainly around the vehicle to vehicle
communication and combined with manual driving, there is no generalization
and application for these results.
4 Scope
The focus of the project is, based on vehicle infrastructure cooperation, for
vehicle fleet, analysis and research the promotion in the application scenario,
the traffic efficiency, safety etc, and gives the specific vehicle fleet
implementation algorithms or methods.
1) Current solutions of vehicle fleet
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What are the current industry's vehicle fleet solutions, for these solutions,
please describe the advantages and disadvantages, the application effect;
2) Vehicle fleet algorithm based on Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation;
Including but not limited to Platooning, C-ACC, Convoy algorithm based on
Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation;
For each algorithm, please describe the application scenarios, the
improvement compare with current solution or algorithm, and follow-up
recommendations.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) The paper of vehicle fleet algorithm based on Vehicle Infrastructure
Cooperation;
2) The code which can verification the above algorithm;
3) One patent.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The algorithm meets the needs of the scene, and can be implemented;
The algorithm has been reviewed by experts.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~2 month): Requirement clarification and communication;
Phase2 (~8 month): Algorithm design;
Phase3 (~12 month): Review and acceptance.
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HIRPO20160822: Intelligent Algorithm for
Automatic-Driving Vehicle in Intersection
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: automatic drive
List of Abbreviations
ADAS: Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
RSU: Roadside Unit
OBU: On board Unit
3 Background
In the given data model, study an algorithm for automatic-driving vehicle in
different intersections, and develops simulation system to verify the algorithm.
4 Scope
System architecture:
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As a roadside server, RSU manage multiple intersections, traffic lights and
automatic-driving vehicles (OBU) by network. With the HD map, RSU can also
get the structure, position, topology of those objects:
1) Set the traffic lights, or disable the traffic lights. The attribute of the traffic
lights include: position, type, rule, status (disabled, green, yellow or red),
corresponding traffic flows, activate line (intersection algorithm begin to pay
attention to OBU), stop line, second stop line (stop line of left turn waiting area),
deactivate line;
2) Planning path for OBU (lane level);
3) Push information to OBU regularly or immediately (about the traffic lights,
changing lanes, etc).
On board unit in automatic-driving vehicle (OBU):
1) Automatic driving along the planning path (lane level);
2) Push information to RSU regularly or immediately (about position, direction,
speed etc);
3) Listen to RSU command about changing lanes, changing speed or brake,
traffic lights etc.
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Intersection type:
1) Plane intersection;
2) Overpass intersection (Contains the main and side roads);
3) Plane roundabout;
4) T-junction;
5) Crosswalk intersection (Cut off the road with crosswalk or traffic lights, such
as ).
Ignore:
1) Pedestrian;
2) Obstacle;
3) Manual-driving vehicle.
Data model:
Design or redesign the data model based on given system, and development
the API.
Include traffic elements:
1) RSU;
2) OBU (inlucde vehicle);
3) Lane (include virtual lane in intersection);
4) Intersection;
5) Traffic light;
6) Traffic flow.
Algorithm requirement:
Provide two algorithms:
1) With trffice light: enable all the traffic lights, RSU control the OBU through
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traffic lights (can also directly control the OBU);
2) Without traffic light: disable all the traffic lights, RSU directly control the
OBU only. Allow the traffic flows in each direction converge in the intersection
range.
Requirement:
Need algorithm design and theoretical proof;
Need source code (C++ for windows and linux);
Without considering the interaction of multiple adjacent intersections.
Simulation software:
1) Data model and algorithm separation. You can switch the different
algorithms for one simulation test case. C++ for windows only;
2) Need to do:
Concise 2D UI for lanes, intersections, traffic lights, vehicles, etc and those
movement;
Simulate different intersections (with HD map);
Simulate OBU and vehicle (dimensions, position, speed, path planning and
etc);
Simulation RSU (algorithms, traffic lights, and algorithm plug-in system)
Support long time test and output statistics.
3) Don't need to do:
Graphic UI;
Quasiphysical vehicle;
The fault or accident simulation.
Performance:
RSU command and push information density: 10 Hz;
OBU push information density: 10 Hz;
One HD map, include 10 intersections at least, Each road at most 5 lanes;
OBU maximum speed: 80km/h, average family car;
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Continuous simulation test >= 24 hours.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Proposal;
2) Algorithm (design document and source code);
3) Simulation software (design document and source code);
4) One patent.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The algorithm meets the needs of the scene, and can be implemented;
The algorithm has been reviewed by experts.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~4 months): Data model (C++ for windows and linux);Algorithm
design document; Simulation design document;
Phase2 (~8 months): Algorithm source code (C++ for windows and linux);
Simulation source code (C++ for windows only); Test case, test report and
concluding reports; One patent.
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HIRP OPEN 2016
363
HIRPO20160823: Embedded Software Program
Dynamic Hook Stub Framework
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: embedded software technology
3 Background
To solve the 5G embedded base station software TTI absolute time has
brought new challenges to the performance tuning.
4 Scope
1). Control surface of Arm linux embedded board under the multi thread
absolute timing switch scheduling analysis;
2). Arm linux embedded board of user state and kernel state function to
achieve a custom code hook, solve the problem of system monitoring,
performance tuning, positioning.
5 Acceptance Criteria
Delivery embedded software dynamic program dynamic hook stub framework,
provide a new metric and problem location method for HW wireless 5G base
station performance tuning.
1).Function: to achieve the Linux ARM embedded system on the user state
and kernel function specified hook stub function;
2). Achieve hook stub funtion and do not restart the system and the process,
can be done to uninstall and do not restart the system and the process;
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3). The hook function (including user state and kernel state) is the most basic
to achieve the sampling function execution time, function call stack, register
information, system information and so on;
4).The Linux system task switching functions can be hook stub and sampling
task switching information. According to the sampling information can be
achieved analysis task switching timing and reasons for task scheduling
optimization.
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365
HIRPO20160824: Model Based White Box Testing
Framework
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: software testing technology
List of Abbreviations
MBT: Model-based testing
3 Background
In the HUAWEI wireless embedded software, functional test scenarios are not
fully covered by the white-box-testing is one of the main problems leading to
the bugs remain in product. We hope to solve the problem with the help of
MBT.
At present, HUAWEI has MBT testing tool, called MTG, but mainly for the
back-end black box system function verification, it cannot fully meet the
requirement of the white-box-testing in the function and user experience.
4 Scope
1). Ensure functional test scenarios coverage through the model, review model
contrast test-case text description, to solve the problem of scenarios missing
test;
2). Accelerate white-box-testing, automatically generate test-case code, to
solve the problem of the test-case code difficult to read and difficult to inherit.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Deliver a set of model based white-box-testing framework, including test model
for software function implementation, eg, UML state machine, flow diagram,
and automatic generation of test-case code;
The modeling language is simple and clear, suitable for the developer;
Model support comparison, quickly show model changes;
Automatically generate test-case code through model, test-case code support
C++ language, and gtest framework;
Allows user to configure test-case input sequences and set up checkpoints;
Allows user to configure test case generation strategy, such as setting different
traversal depth and business branch coverage.
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HIRPO20160825: Architecture Efficiency Measure by
Static Analyzing Source Code or Other Information
1 Theme: Engineering Technology
2 Subject: software architecture
3 Background
In software architecture field and Huawei, users use or refactor to good
architecture, in order to make code better readability, improve performance
and support business evolution.
We think, a code with good architecture, it need less time for fixing a bug or
developing a new feature than the bad one. Different codes have different
architecture efficiency. A code with good designed should have high
architecture efficiency.
We want to find a method to measure the architecture efficiency of Huawei’s
software. And the method can also give some suggestion about how to
improve the architecture efficiency. This is a very professional thing. So we
need cooperate with the experts in this field.
If we integrate this method to tool, we can measure the architecture of
Huawei’s software, find their problems and improve the architecture. If
Huawei’s software architecture improves, the quality of Huawei’s product will
improve the efficiency for fixing bugs and developing new feature will improve.
4 Scope
Measure the architecture efficiency of source code, give a index to describe it;
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Static analyzing source code(C/C++/Java/etc) or other information;
Give suggestion about how to improve architecture efficiency.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
A method/tool could analyze source code or other information needed, give an
index to describe the architecture efficiency of this code. Give the suggestion
about how to improve the architecture efficiency.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The method/tool can analyze source code of Huawei and get the expected
result;
The index of architecture efficiency has theoretical basis and accord with
Huawei’s cognition;
The suggestion about how to improve the architecture efficiency is considered
effective by Huawei architect.
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Communicate and clear demand,Understand Huawei’s
architecture and software,Understand provider’s method and plan;
Phase2 (~6 months): Provider develop tool;
Phase3 (~3 months): Huawei check the Deliverables,Bug fixed,Used in
product.
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369
HIRPO201609: Materials
HIRPO20160901: Acoustic Performance Simulation,
Evaluation and Application for Acoustic Materials
1 Theme: Materials
2 Subject: acoustic materials for speaker
3 Background
The performance of smartphone speaker depends on not only the back
volume design, but also the acoustic material integrated into the back volume.
In general, it is considered that acoustic materials placed into the back volume
can improve the acoustic performance of the speaker.
The integration of “bass materials” into the back volume requires an acoustic
performance simulation and evaluation about material and its assembling
method, that are necessary in order to get a noticeable performance
improvement. The improvement of the acoustic performance at low frequency
(bass) can be an advantage for smartphone speaker.
4 Scope
1) Develop acoustic performance evaluation and simulation for bass material.
The material maybe pourous particles of dielectric or ceramic materials, which
have several micrometer diameters with nano-size pore on the surface;
2) Find the most matched material and assembling conditions. The acoustic
performance should be improved at the low frequency (bass) region.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Research report:
The acoustic performance evaluation and simulation;
Test standard, specifications and data base for acoustic materials.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Find the condition that the acoustic performance improved at the low
frequency (bass) region;
Test standard, specifications and data base for acoustic materials can meet
huawei’s requirements, which can be directly used to set up the application
ability in Huawei.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
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371
HIRPO20160902: Optical Design of Fresnel Lens for
Smartphone
1 Theme: Materials
2 Subject: optical materials - fresnel lens
3 Background
Thin camera module is the key requirement to obtain slim smartphone.
Currently, Fresnel lens have been used in the digit camera like Cannon and
Nikon which have proved the Fresnel lens can reduce the length and weight
for telephoto lens.
4 Scope
Fresnel lens structure optical design and simulation for camera lens. And
select the suitable materials for fabrication.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
The optical design and performance simulation;
Demo samples;
Patent.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The design structure can be matched Huawei’s requirement;
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7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
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HIRPO20160903: High Acoustic Performance
Membrane Materials in Speaker
1 Theme: Materials
2 Subject: acoustic materials - membrane
3 Background
For the electronic products, audio performance is a key data to the consumer
experience. The basic material, membrane, is a critical factor to improve the
final acoustic performance. While, the membrane in speakers used for
smartphone is still quite simple, maybe cannot meet the further demand for the
development of acoustic performance.
As to the membranes used for earphone, headphone, and loudspeakers, there
are various new materials and technologies applied in membrane materials,
surface coating, compositing, and so on. Further on, the relationship among
these new type membranes, physical properties, together with acoustic
performance, is still not clear. And the detailed inner mechanism is not
explained.
4 Scope
Do some research and development on membranes with new materials and
technologies. Apply this new membrane into speakers of smartphone, giving
an excellent acoustic performance. And show the detailed inner mechanism
about this new membrane attribute to the acoustic performance.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Research report;
The Demo of speakers with new membranes (materials and technologies).
6 Acceptance Criteria
The research report needs to clarify the inner mechanism about how the
physical property of membrane affects the final acoustic performance;
The Demo can give an excellent acoustic performance, and meet the reliability
tests.
7 Phased Project Plan
2 years, 2~3 stages.
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375
HIRPO20160904: Printable Conductive Inks with 3D
Printing Process
1 Theme: Materials
2 Subject: function materials
3 Background
Electronic device need develop a low cost method which can direct make
conductor patterns on the 3D irregular shape of plastics parts. Printing process
can well meet low cost and high yield mass production, but traditional printing
technology is work on 2D substrate. The printing process can deal with 3D
irregular shape is under development.
Industries widely use silver paste to make conductors, but the high material
cost is a big limitation. High filler loading with high viscosity also restrict the
application on 3D irregular surface. Graphene ink maybe a candidate for low
cost printable but the poor electrical conductivity can’t meet most
interconnecting application requirements.
4 Scope
1) Base on a 3D printing technology which meet low cost and high yield mass
production, develop a printable and low cost electrical conductive ink or paste,
which can make conductor patterns on 3D irregular surface of plastic parts.
Conductor patterns maybe irregular line, dot or panel;
2) The printable ink or paste should have equal grade conductive
performance with silver paste and have good repeatability and reliability.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Research report;
Printable ink or pastes samples;
The Demo of 3D printing process.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The Demo of 3D printing process worked well with the real parts, and the
process can be mass produced with low process cost;
The materials have equal grade conductive performance and reliability with
silver paste but the cost can be reduced dramatically.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages.
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377
HIRPO20160905: Accurate Measurement of Adhesion
Strength
1 Theme: Materials
2 Subject: adhesive
3 Background
Precision parts always need use adhesive to fix the position. As the bonded
area very small, the adhesive force is small and very sensitive to the bond line
interface situation, such as surface condition, joint shape. Meanwhile, the
bonded parts always suffer various stress condition such as thermal cycling,
shock, bending, shear etc.
There are many type bonding strength test method, such as lap shear, peeling,
tensile, shear, shocking etc. But these test methods need use standard or
similar specimen, and the results difficult to forecast the joint failure under real
stress condition.
Achieve a robust bonding joint need get the real adhesive strength in real parts
and know the failure mechanism of joint under various stress conditions.
4 Scope
1) Develop an in-situ adhesion strength measurement for the bonding joint of
precision parts. The precision parts maybe plastic, metal or ceramic, have
irregular structure and volume size only several millimeters;
2) Find the most matched bonding strength test method which corresponds to
different stress conditions. The stress condition maybe one or several complex
stress of thermal cycling, shock, bending, shear etc.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Research report;
The Demo of in-situ adhesion strength measurement.
6 Acceptance Criteria
The Demo of in-situ adhesion strength measurement worked well in the real
parts;
The conclusions meet regression verification results.
7 Phased Project Plan
1 year, 2~3 stages
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HIRPO20160906: Coatings with Conductivity
Significantly Higher than That of Silver
1 Theme: Materials
2 Subject: coatings with high conductivity
3 Background
Technical Requirements:based on the properties of silver below, focus on
conductivity.
(Silver conductivity: (20 °C) 1.56×10^(-8) Ω•m)
4 Scope
Coatings with conductivity significantly higher than that of silver.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Resistivity : (20 ℃) 1.0 ×10^(-8) Ω •m;
Can be electric plated, vacuum plated, sputtered or sprayed on surface of
conductor;
Targeted cost: not high than the current solution;
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6 Acceptance Criteria
Meet the objectives defined under section 5.
7 Phased Project Plan
1~2 years.
8 Other Information
Application field in products:
Coatings on cable or coax, to transport digital or analog signals;
Main purpose: reducing cost;
Possible research directions on materials:
Advance conductor materials such as CNT and Graphene;
Other metal materials with higher conductivity and lower cost than that of
silver.
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HIRPO20160907: Conductive Materials with
Conductivity Significantly Higher than That of Copper
1 Theme: Materials
2 Subject: conductive materials with high
conductivity
3 Background
Technical Requirements: based on the properties of copper below, focus on
conductivity, taking into account the basic mechanical properties (Electrical
copper: Resistivity: (20 °C) 1.724×10^(-8) Ω •m, tensile strength 200MPa,
elongation 12%, diameter 0.08mm or more).
4 Scope
Conductive materials with conductivity significantly higher than that of copper.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Conductive materials with conductivity significantly higher than that of copper:
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1) Density: not more than copper;
2) Resistivity : (20 ℃) 1.0-1.2×10^(-8) Ω •m;
3) Tensile strength: no less than 190MPa; elongation: no less than 11%;
4) Diameter: 0.10mm minimum.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Meet the objectives defined under section 5.
7 Phased Project Plan
1~2 years.
8 Other Information
Application field in products:
1) Cables, coax;
2) Main purpose: miniaturization, weight reduction;
Possible research directions on materials:
Metals with better conductivity than copper, or superconducting alloy at RT;
Advanced carbon reinforced Cu-based composites, such as Cu+CNT,
Cu+Graphene;
Carbon materials with better conductivity than copper, such as CNT.
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HIRPO20160908: Research on Evaluation Methods to
Assess & Predict the Life Span of Plastic Parts
1 Theme: Materials
2 Subject: life-span assessment & prediction for
plastic parts
3 Background
Plastic material is widely used in the products under various application
environments. There are different types of polymer materials and composites
used in the company’s products, such as PC,PC+ABS,ABS,HIPS,PA66. It is
important to predict the service life of the plastic parts in early design stage.
Therefore, there is a need to research and develop a reliable life assessment
and prediction method.
4 Scope
Establish life evaluation methods for plastic parts.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
To develop a reliable life assessment and prediction method, with proven
accuracy;
Apply the method as defined in Section 6.1 to evaluate the remaining life span
of three typical products that current in use selected by HUAWEI.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Meet the objectives defined under Section 5.
7 Phased Project Plan
1~2 years.
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HIRPO201610: Simulation
Technology
HIRPO20161001: PCB Simulation Technology of PIM
1 Theme: Simulation Technology
2 Subject: PCB simulation technology of PIM
List of Abbreviations
MIMO: Multiple-input Multiple- output
EE: Energy Efficiency
3 Background
MBB, Big data, Multi-band and multi-mode Antenna deployment, PCB, PIM,
Rough of Copper, Transmission Line, Suspended Line, Substrate, PCB
Process, Simulation.
4 Scope
Find key factors of PCB transmission line and suspended line’s PIM, such as
Substrate, Rough of Copper, PCB Process, Plated via etc, using simulation to
value PCB PIM level, then guide the PCB design. Give several examples to
validate the simulation accuracy(simulation result compare to test result).
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Theory analysis report, Simulation and measurement report, Testing module,
Patent.
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6 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration (year): 1 year.
Phase1 (~6 months): Find key factors of PCB transmission line and
suspended line’s PIM using the simulation;
Phase2 (~6 months): Design several examples to validate the simulation
accuracy.
7 Acceptance Criteria
Simulation accuracy is more than 95%.
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HIRPO20161002: The Simulation Technology of The
Electromagnetic Thermal
1 Theme: Simulation Technology
2 Subject: the electromagnetic thermal
List of Abbreviations
MOT: Maxium Operating Temperature
3 Background
The PCB has the character of the MOT. In the meanwhile, the transmission of
electromagnetic wave generates heat because of the electromagnetic loss on
the microwave line. All of these limit the working temperature of microwave line
in the RF system.
When the system temperature grows higher, the risk of reliability becomes
more critical. The simulation technology of the electromagnetic thermal can
help us to judge the risk and optimize the circuit.
4 Scope
To calculate the temperature of the microwave line or RF passive unit in the
system.
Based on the following items:
1). The scene of the system: the normal RF PCB, such as Rogers4350B; the
heat sink based on the structure and natural heat dissipation; the RF circuit
shielded by the structure of metal.
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2). The character of RF input signal: 2GHz of the RF frequency, 50W~150W of
the RF power, the level of VSWR is two on the output port, the transmission of
the microwave line.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
To provide the simulation technology of the electromagnetic thermal;
The simulation report;
The model of the design;
The test report.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase 1 (~4 months): Feasibility analysis, Simulation of the circuit, Design of
the circuit;
Phase 2 (~8 months): Fabrication and test, Optimization, Final report.
7 Acceptance Criteria
The precise of the simulation is below two to five degrees.
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389
HIRPO20161003: Roll Back in Distributed
Discrete-Event Simulation
1 Theme: Simulation Technology
2 Subject: software
List of Abbreviations
DES: Discrete Event Simulation
3 Background
Discrete Event Simulation (DES) is an increasingly important tool for
evaluating system models in many fields. To improve the Capacity and
performance of DES simulation, Parallel and Distributed DES were introduced.
Always, A Distributed DES scenario using dozens of computers will run several
days. Before simulation end, abnormal situation leads to simulation abort
maybe occur, so the simulation needs to be rerun several times to solve the
simulation models problem and get the correct simulation result. This process
will need too long time, and it is not tolerated.
The roll back technology that can move the Distributed DES to any simulation
time is needed. Using roll back we can debug Distributed DES program
efficiently and easily, and the simulation can rapidly back to the point that the
simulation corrupt.
4 Scope
The solution design of roll back in Parallel and Distributed DES: design
the roll back technology and apply to one DES simulator.
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical design report of roll back technology;
The source code and description of roll back which can run in one DES
simulator.
6 Acceptance Criteria
Roll back can ensure the Distributed DES back to any simulation time with
several times;
The roll back simulation result is same as normal simulation result;
After roll back, the simulation program can still be debugged using normal
debug tools (vsJITdebugger/gdb.etc);
After the simulation is end (the simulation computer process is over), support
the DES simulation recover from the file etc.;
The expenses (Memory/Storage/CPU) of the Roll back are as low as possible;
The time of Roll back process is as short as possible;
Roll back support windows (Server 2008 and higher version) and
Linux(CentOS 6.5 and higher version);
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the Roll back technology in Parallel and
Distributed DES field, meet the requirements, design the Roll back technology
and provide the related design report;
Phase2 (~4 months): Coding the Roll back, provide the runnable program and
related description;
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Phase3 (~4months): Optimize the Roll back performance.
Click here to back to the Top Page
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392
HIRPO201611: Microwave
HIRPO20161101: New RF Material Application in
Microwave Communication
1 Theme: Microwave
2 Subject: microwave technology research
List of Abbreviations
LC: Liquid Crystal
MTM: Metamaterial
PC: Photonics Crystal
EBG: Electromagnetic Band Gap
PBG: Photonic Band Gap
3 Background
Microwave communication spectrum is transferring to millimeter-wave/THz for
getting more bandwidth. For such high frequency, several issues are raised for
the RF front-end design:
1) Relatively high insertion loss: the insertion loss of waveguide and insertion
loss has little impact on system performance. However, for mm-wave/THz
system, the insertion loss will become a main concern;
2) Wideband: due to more bandwidth is allocated on mm-wave/THz, the
relative bandwidth is around 20% which is a great challenge for antenna and
some specific waveguide structure; even for traditional band, the wideband
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capability are also very beneficial for reducing the types of components. For
example, an antenna can cover multi-band, e.g., 13-23GHz, can provide very
promising flexibility with single antenna equipment.
3) Phase and amplitude error: sight manufacture error will bring large
phase/amplitude change due to the very short wavelength. This will impact
phased array and MIMO system design.
4) Tunable components: phased array antenna is a hot topic since
beamforming capability will be an important feature for millimeter-wave/THz
system deployment due to the very narrow beam. For achieving this system,
the phase shifting components is necessary for tuning the phase of each
antenna elements.
Metamaterial
Researchers are working on Metamaterial which is a kind of artificial periodic
structure which could achieve EM propagation with opposite phase
propagation direction and desired phase/amplitude distribution. By using this
effect, it is possible to mitigate the frequency selective issue for traditional
material, and achieve structure/antenna miniature. By this way, the above
issues (wideband, insertion loss, error control) could be handled.
PC/PBG/EBG material
Similar as Metamaterial, the photonic crystal material is also a kind of artificial
periodic structure. The difference is that photonic crystal material creates
electromagnetic band gap effects which block/reflect almost all signals on
certain frequency range. The effect can be used to design waveguide structure
and antenna substrate with very low insertion loss.
Liquid Crystal
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For implementing a phased array antenna, it is typically required to integrate
phase shifting components in antenna. However, the cost is too high by
integrating a lot of MMIC phase shifter into antenna, but the performance is still
bad. Now researchers are looking for some types of suitable tunable elements
operating at millimeter-wave/THz. Liquid crystal is one of the materials could
be achieve very low cost and easy fabrication. The Permittivity ε of liquid
crystal material can be voltage-controlled by the effect of the molecular
arrangement change with different voltage. The phase shifting can be
achieved with this effect.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: a detailed consultant report with some simulation
results for understanding the feasibility to apply the new RF material in
microwave system.
Statement of Work 1 –metamaterial and photonic crystal application in
mm-wave/THz
WI1 Metamaterial/PC design methodology and the requirement for
fabrication
WI2 Technology status, including industry status and research
status
WI3 Theoretical design, simulation and feasibility analysis, include
but not limited, waveguide, transmission line, power distribution
network, leaky-wave antenna, antenna substrate, antenna unit,
wideband antenna feeder (e.g., 13~23GHz),….,etc.
WI4 Technical challenges and future trends;
Statement of Work 2 – Liquid crystal application in mm-wave/THz
WI1 Technology status, including industry status and research
status
WI2 Liquid crystal tunable components design and simulation,
include but not limited, phase shifter, tunable filter,…. etc.
WI2 Liquid crystal reconfigurable reflectarray design and simulation
WI3 Technical challenges and future trends;
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5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
D1 Consultant report on metamaterial and photonic crystal
application in mm-wave/THz
D2 Consultant report on Liquid crystal application in mm-wave/THz
D3 Simulation example projects;
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the metamaterial and photonic crystal
application in mm-wave/THz and provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~5 months): Research on Liquid crystal application in mm-wave/THz
and provide the related technical report;
Phase3 (~4 months): Simulation and modification.
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396
HIRPO20161102: Phase Pop Detection and Estimation
1 Theme: Microwave
2 Subject: digital signal detection and estimation
3 Background
In order to achieve higher capacity, microwave backhaul transmission goes to
higher frequency, higher order modulation, and multiple channels.
Unfortunately, when we go to higher frequency, phase pop will be more serious.
Phase pop will introduce burst errors for the link, especially for higher order
modulation which is quite sensitive to phase pop. In the end, it makes the
higher order modulation with much low availability.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved:
s1
s2
a
a
1jw te
2jw te
3jw te
4jw te
1 3 2 3
1 1 2
j w w t j w w tr t s t e as t e
1 4 2 4
2 1 2
j w w t j w w tr t as t e s t e
1n t
2n t
As illustrated above, if there is no phase pop we assume 1 2 3 4w w w w . We
can recover the transmitted signal 2
1 1 2 1s t r t ar t a . But if there is
a phase pop happening in oscillator 1, 2, 3 or 4, we can’t recovery the exact
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transmitted symbol. The best way to figure out this problem is finding a method
to detect and estimate the phase pop happening in oscillator 1, 2, 3 or 4, and
compensate it.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Mathematic derivation for phase pop detection and estimation algorithm is
needed. Simulation report (matlab or simulink) is supposed to deliver to
Huawei.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Design the phase pop detection and estimation algorithm.
Technical document for phase pop detection and estimation algorithm;
Phase2 (~6 months): Simulation report for the proposed algorithm. Complexity
analysis and implementation optimization.
Click here to back to the Top Page
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398
HIRPO20161103: Relative Delay Estimation Between
LOS-MIMO Channels
1 Theme: Microwave
2 Subject: microwave communication
List of Abbreviations
Los: Line of Sight
MIMO: Multiple Input and Multiple Output
3 Background
Trend,challenge ,value and objectives
The specific explanation of each parameter:
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The specific explanation of each parameter:
1. t1, t2, t3, t4 is the time delay between transmitted signals, where t1, t2,
t3, t4 is independent, among t1, t2, t3, t4 the biggest difference is 100ns,
for example (t1 = 1ns, t2 = 50ns, t3 = 80ns, t4 = 101ns);
2. e^j*(w1*t), e^j*(w2*t), e^j*(w3*t), e^j*(w4*t) are signal carriers, 4 carrier
frequencies are independent to each other;
3. e^j*ph1(t), e^j*ph2(t), e^j*ph3(t), e^j*ph4(t) are phase noise, 4 channels
are independent to each other, the phase noise model is Wiener chirp, The
quota is -70dBc/10Kz,-90dBC/100Khz;
4. 4 channels multipath is independent, the model is rummler 2 ray model,
the notch depth is about -20db;
5. g1, g2, g3, g4 is gain, g1, g2, g3, g4 is independent, g1 and g2 biggest
difference 8db, g3 and g4 biggest difference 8db; g1/g2 and g3/g4 biggest
difference 18db; for example (g1 = 1, g2 = 1/6, g3 = 1/60, g4 = 1/10);
6. e^j*[w2*t + ph2(t)] is receiver carrier, it is different from w1, and the
difference is less than 500Khz, ph2(t) is phase noise, the phase noise
model is Wiener chirp, The quota is -70dBc/10Kz,-90dBC/100Khz;
7. awgn is the channel white noise, snr = 40Db.
4 Scope
Problem to be resolved: In having signals disturbance, frequency offset and
multi-path, phase noise in situation, can estimate the time delay information
accurately.
HIRP OPEN 2016
400
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
We need an algorithm design to estimate delay information accurately,
including reports, simulation results and source code.
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Theory and feasibility research for the algorithm.
Technical analysis document for time delay estimation algorithm.
Phase2 (~6 months): The performance optimization of the algorithm.
Performance report for time delay estimation algorithm.
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HIRP OPEN 2016
401
HIRPO20161104: Hub-site Interference Cancellation
1 Theme: Microwave
2 Subject: microwave communication
List of Abbreviations
UL: Uplink
DL: Downlink
MIMO: Multiple input and multiple output
3 Background
Trend,challenge ,value and objectives
figure 1. Hub-site transmission
HIRP OPEN 2016
402
The microwave hub-site transmission is shown in figure 1. There are two
microwave links 1 and 2 sharing the same frequency 1 for uplink and
frequency 2 for downlink. If the angle between link 1 and 2 is too small, the link
1 and 2 should interfere each other. In current deployment, the angle should
greater than 60 degree for x-polarization and 90 degree for co-polarization to
achieve enough isolation between link 1 and 2. The link interference brought
strong constraints to network programming.
Trend: The market and network department want to reduce the angle
constraints by new practical algorithm design.
Challenge: link interference cancellation. For example, pre-coding, multi-user
detection, et. al.
Value and objective: decrease the angle to less than 30degree for
co-polarization, and the minimum to 10 degree for co-polarization. The small
angle constraints brought more flexibility to network programming.
4 Scope
Decrease the angle to less than 30degree for co-polarization, and the
minimum to 10 degree for co-polarization with tolerable performance loss (for
example, 1dB) of link 1/2. The link 1 and 2 may have different bandwidths,
transmission power, communication distance, and modulation.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
We need new solution of link interference cancellation, including reports,
simulation results and source code.
HIRP OPEN 2016
403
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Theory and feasibility analysis. Answer the smallest
angle can achieve in theory and the main algorithm selection;
Phase 2 (~6 months): Performance optimization and algorithm complexity
analysis, give detail implemental structure design suggestion.
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HIRP OPEN 2016
404
HIRPO201612: Security
Technology
HIRPO20161201: Learning-based Malicious Behavior
Detection for Mobile Applications
1 Theme: Security Technology
2 Subject: malicious behavior detection
List of Abbreviations
NPU: Neural Process Unit
3 Background
In recent years, smart phone sales have grown tremendously. In year of 2015,
according to the report from IDC, worldwide shipment volumes of smartphones
reached 1,439.2 million. Among various platforms, Google’s smart phone
platform Android OS has captured more than 80% of the total market-share,
and it is the most popular operating system at present.
Android terminal stores a lot of personal information of its owner, such as
contacts, messages, social network access, browsing history and banking
credentials, so it has become a prime target for malicious attacks. Android
malwares such as SMS Trojans, spyware, aggressive adware and privilege
escalation attack have reported exponential rise from the Google Play store
and well known third-party market places. These malicious applications pose a
great security risk to mobile phone owners and solving the security issue of
Android has become a hot topic in the field of information security.
HIRP OPEN 2016
405
According to the statistics from G-Data, the number of new Android malware is
total 2.33 million in year 2015. In the fourth quarter of year 2015, the experts
identified over 8,240 new Android malware apps per day on average. The
traditional static and dynamic analysis for mobile malwares is harder and
harder to handle this malware explosion.
4 Scope
We are seeking proposals to implement efficient combination architecture of
cloud and on-device to detect the malicious behaviors of malware running in
android smart-phones. The research scope targets are to build an appropriate
implementation platform and test a number of representative algorithms
belonging to the following categories, but are not limited to:
1) Observer to extract the APIs’ performance of multi-layer includes framework,
kernel, and hardware drivers;
2) Neural network model and algorithms for AI Deep Learning on the cloud;
3) Training practices for Neural network model with benign apps from Google
Play and malicious apps from Drebin or Huawei on the Cloud;
4) On-device analyzer to category the behavior models of apps offline with
on-device NPU.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
1) Prototype of Platform with hooked APIs, neural network model for machine
deep learning on the cloud and on-device NPU assistant analyzer;
2) Neural network model and algorithms for AI Deep Learning in the Cloud;
3) Training results for Malicious behavior models;
4) Design and implement documents;
5) One patent.
HIRP OPEN 2016
406
6 Acceptance Criteria
Project proposal is accepted by the evaluation team, Huawei;
Project deliverables are accepted by the evaluation team, Huawei;
False positive rate < 10%, false negative rate <10% (benign samples from
Google Play and malware samples from Drebin or Huawei);
The CPU overhead on device < 5% (or < 3 % if NPU/GPU available).
7 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~3 months): Architecture design documents;
Phase2 (~3 months): Prototype of Platform with hooked APIs of framework,
kernel and hardware drivers;
Phase3 (~3 months): Prototype of neural network with its algorithm for
machine deep learning, one patent;
Phase4 (~3 months): Neural network model training and malicious behavior
models; Prototype of Analyzer module; Architecture implementation
documents.
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HIRP OPEN 2016
407
HIRPO20161202: An Effective Method to Detect the
Compromised Host via System Logs
1 Theme: Security Technology
2 Subject: abnormal behavior detection
3 Background
It is important to keep the server safe to prevent data loss, business
interruption and other hazards. The Run-time environment on the server is
relatively simple compared to endpoints. We’re very interested in finding an
automated method to detect compromise evidence based on the system logs
and DB/Web Server logs, etc.
4 Scope
The proposed research consists of log modeling, algorithm design and
development of a working prototype system.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of detect the compromised host based on abnormal behavior
analyze via massive logs;
The prototype of system with source codes and description;
1~2 Invention/patents;
HIRP OPEN 2016
408
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Survey about this field, including the methods and
advantage/disadvantage between them;
Phase2 (~6 months): Research on system design and analyze the detect
result.
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HIRP OPEN 2016
409
HIRPO20161203: A reputation System to Evaluate
IP/Domain Threat
1 Theme: Security Technology
2 Subject: reputation ranking
3 Background
IP addresses and Domains are often taken down by hackers to launch attacks.
We need to continuously rank reputation for them, not only to help evaluate the
security situation and trend, but also to proactively response.
4 Scope
1) Research on selecting proper features and inputs for effective ranking:
investigate the features and factors which could better represent the reputation
of IP/Domain in security area;
2) Research on algorithm and model for IP/Domain ranking: based on the
model, design algorithms leading final results, Capable of ranking IP
addresses at the scale of 100 million and Domains at the scale of 50 million.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
Technical reports of features and model for IP/Domain ranking;
The prototype of ranking system, including the design documents, result
analysis, and source codes;
1~2 Invention/patents;
HIRP OPEN 2016
410
6 Phased Project Plan
Phase1 (~6 months): Survey the state of the art of IP/Domain Ranking field,
including the methods and advantage/disadvantage between them and
provide the related technical report;
Phase2 (~6 months): Research on system design and analyze the ranking
result.
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HIRP OPEN 2016
411
HIRPO201613: Innovation
Management
HIRPO20161301: Synergetic Innovation Network:
Theory and Practice
1 Theme: Innovation Management
2 Subject: open innovation
3 Background
Open innovation is catching industry’s eye and many successful implements
have been laid. It is also the guideline for Huawei’s Technical Cooperation
Management practice. To explore the next generation unknown, unformed
technology, it is necessary to form a networked and synergetic research
alliance. The Gulati paper1 has done good start for a general description of
how alliance be formed and evaluate. However, there’s still lack of empirical
analysis from practitioner’s view, especially in the ICT area.
Some funding organizations have noticed that the synergetic research is vital
for unknown technology exploitation. For example, EU FP series funding
established a mechanism to let researchers from multi-country and
multi-organizations collaborated together with a common research goals and
agenda. Some other cluster research practices are also carried in other
countries such as US. The analysis, both qualitative and quantitative, of these
operating experiences is good for later practitioners.
1 Gulati, R. (1998), Alliances and networks. Strat. Mgmt. J., 19: 293–317.
HIRP OPEN 2016
412
The research is expected to analyze the theory and practice in this synergetic
research networks and give suggestion on how to identify, build, maintain and
evaluate such networks. Practical case studies should be given.
4 Scope
A survey of the current study on networked and synergetic alliance from multi
perspectives such as strategy, innovation, supply, network science,
organization theory. Review and insight should be given on the formation,
governance structure, dynamic evolution and performance evaluation of
alliances.
Quantitative analysis of influential organization’s best practices. Typical cases
study on organization of alliances. At least one case should be on how to build
a multi-disciplined research network in a single university/school.
Quantitative analysis tool to identify network of researchers and themes, using
available datasets.
Qualitative and quantitative performance evaluation system for research
alliance.
An analysis and suggestion report on how management role can sense,
impact and enable such synergy.
5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables
• Reports for theory survey, empirical summary, and case studies;
• Data analysis tools for network identification and performance benchmark;
• Workshop with Huawei practitioners.
HIRP OPEN 2016
413
6 Phased Project Plan
Expected project Duration (year): 1 year.
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