California Institute for Telecommunications and ...In our first year, three types of living...

As we begin the 21st century, the State of California,

the University of California, and hundreds of the state's

leading-edge businesses have joined together in an

unprecedented partnership to lay the foundation

for the "next New Economy."

First proposed in December 2000 by Governor Gray Davis,

the California Institutes for Science and Innovation (Cal ISI), with

capital funding provided by the California legislature, now include:

Extending the Internet throughout the Physical World

California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

• California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology • Cal-(IT)2

• California NanoSystems Institute • CNSI

• Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society • CITRIS

• Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology and Quantitative Biomedical Research • QB3

C a l I S I

California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology2

The Internet is poised to undergo several fundamental

transitions during the next decade. Application of digital

wireless will make it possible to connect vast numbers of

mobile end points to fixed Internet components. These

end points will include information appliances (such as

personal digital assistants), sensing devices, and embed-

ded processors. At the same time, tens of millions of

households and businesses will move from modems to

broadband connections for Internet access. This explosive

increase in demand is driving advances in fiber-optic

technology. Where previously information was encoded

on a single beam of light traveling on a fiber, now infor-

mation can be encoded on individual wavelengths of

light. Recent breakthroughs in technology are increasing

the number of wavelengths available for data encoding

and the amount of data that can be encoded, vastly low-

ering today’s bandwidth cost.

To help ensure that California maintain its leadership in

the rapidly changing telecommunications and information

technology marketplace, the University of California

campuses at San Diego and Irvine have created the

California Institute for Telecommunications and

Information Technology (Cal-(IT)2, pronounced

cal-eye-tee-squared).

Our institute’s mission is simple: Extend the reach

of the Internet throughout the physical world. Cal-(IT)2

teams UCSD and UCI faculty, students, and research

professionals with leading California telecommunica-

tions, computer, software, and applications companies

to conduct research on the scientific and technological

components needed to bring this new Internet into

being. Institute applications researchers are conducting

their studies in “living laboratories” to investigate how

this future Internet will accelerate advances in environ-

mental science, civil infrastructure, intelligent transporta-

tion and telematics, genomic medicine, the new media

arts, and educational practices.

The work of mathematician Fan Chung Graham and her graduate student Lincoln Lu, UCSD, on modeling and analyzing massive graphs, shown above,is crucial to understanding the dynamics of, and planning for, future growth of the huge data and social networks that make up today's Internet.

The Cal-(IT)2 Vision

Extending the Internet throughout the Physical World 3

To understand how the Internet and its empowered applications may evolve

over the next decade, our institute’s research program is organized concep-

tually into vertically interlocking “layers,” as shown in the diagram below.

The Materials and Devices layer (at bottom) includes research in novel

materials and devices critical to the new infrastructure (molecular materials;

optical, wireless, and storage components; and micro-electro-mechanical

devices). Networked Infrastructure covers digital wireless, broadband,

network architecture, protocols and management, photonics, sensors,

and storage. The Interfaces and Software Systems layer addresses secure

and scalable distributed systems software, mobile agents, knowledge

management, data mining, and human-computer interfaces.

The Applications layer (purple) targets core concerns related to California’s

quality of life and represents large market segments of California’s economy

poised to be transformed by the emerging Internet. And the Policy, Manage-

ment, and Socioeconomic Evolution layer covers research to understand

technology in the larger context of organizations and society, focusing on

how the private sector and government can maximize the returns to society

from technology investment.

4 A colorized field-emission scanningelectron microscope image of a palladium nanowire array that is a component of a hydrogen gas sensor. (From Reginald Penner’s lab, Chemistry, UCI.)

Cal-(IT)2’s Research Program:The Internet as an Integrated System

Networked Infrastructure

Environment andCivil Infrastructure

Intelligent Transportationand Telematics

Digitally EnabledGenomic Medicine

NewMedia Arts

Materials and Devices

Edu

cati

on

Policy, Management, and Socioeconomic Evolution

Ind

ust

ry

Interfaces and Software Systems

“Our institute's work is based on a wide range of fundamental research. What makes Cal-(IT)2 unique is our effort to move the

most promising research ideas and prototypes into testbeds through our 'living laboratories' where we can experiment with

them in a real-world setting.”Larry Smarr, Director, Cal-(IT)2

3 A chip designed in Ian Galton's lab,Electrical and Computer Engineering,UCSD, for use in Bluetooth tranceivers.This work was funded through theCenter for Wireless Communications, anindustry-sponsored research activity atthe Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD.

2 Microscope on a needle: Optical Doppler Tomography(ODT) uses scanning infrared light to image blood flowwithin capillaries. Using novel micromachining techniques,researchers at UCI are building scanning micro-mirrors to put ODT on the tip of a needle. (From the research ofZhongping Chen, G.P. Li, and Mark Bachman, Electrical andComputer Engineering.)

1-

Conceptual Framework for Cal-(IT)2 Research

Resistance vs. magnetic field for a Nbfilm with a square array of Ni nano-dots. The unusual behavior shownhere is caused by changes inducedin the electrical properties of Nb due to the proximity with nanosizedmagnetic dots. Such basic researchstudies provide the underpinning fornanoscale technologies, particularlymagnetic storage and spintronics.(From a collaboration between IvanSchuller's lab, Physics, UCSD, andMark Bachman and G.P. Li, Electricaland Computer Engineering, UCI.)

1 32 4

Cal-(IT)2 Layer UCSD Leader, Department UCI Leader, DepartmentMaterials and Devices Ivan Schuller, Physics G.P. Li, ECE

Networked Infrastructure Paul Siegel, ECE Magda El Zarki, ICS

Interfaces and Software Systems William Griswold, CSE Rajesh Gupta, ICS

Environment and Civil Infrastructure Bill Hodgkiss, SIO and ECE Maria Feng, CEE

Intelligent Transportation and Telematics Mohan Trivedi, ECE Will Recker, CEE

Digitally Enabled Genomic Medicine John Wooley, Pharmacology Pierre Baldi, ICS

New Media Arts Sheldon Brown, Visual Arts Simon Penny, ECE

Policy, Management, and Socioeconomic Evolution Peter Cowhey, IR/PS Vijay Gurbaxani, GSM

Education Gabriele Wienhausen, Sixth College Robert Beck, Education

Layer LeadersTwo faculty members, one from each campus, coordinate research projects in their respective layers and ensure that

integration is achieved intellectually across the campuses.

Cal-(IT)2 projects often involve multiple faculty members attacking cen-

tral research problems in their layers. For example, in the Materials and

Devices layer, UCSD faculty members Yeshaiahu Fainman and Sadik

Esener are characterizing fiber-optic channels, while, in the Networked

Infrastructure layer, Paul Siegel and Alexander Vardy are developing cod-

ing and detection methods for high-speed transmission over optical links.

Much of the research is funded by our industrial partners. For example,

with support from AMCC, Ericsson, Intersil, and IBM, Cal-(IT)2 researchers

are working on projects to develop core telecommunications technologies

(high-speed analog-to-digital converters, power amplifiers, radio-circuit

architectures, power-management techniques, space-time processing

and coding, and adaptive systems).

Long-term federal support continues to be critical to all of our

research activities.

The layers’ research and educational activities are organized along tra-

ditional disciplinary lines. This represents a classical deconstructionist

approach that breaks complex systems into component pieces, which

then can be studied in detail.

However, telecommunications and information technologies are org-

anized into vast integrated systems. To study such complete systems,

Cal-(IT)2 has taken an additional approach analogous to the study of

biology in which some researchers examine component pieces of living

systems, while others study living organisms and entire ecologies. This

latter approach has led us to create the “Living Laboratories of the

Future” (pp. 5–14).

Molecular beam epitaxy apparatus used to pre-pare metallic superlattices and spintronic devices.(From Ivan Schuller's lab, Physics, UCSD.)

CEE Civil and Environmental EngineeringCSE Computer Science and EngineeringECE Electrical and Computer EngineeringGSM Graduate School of Management

ICS Information and Computer ScienceIR/PS International Relations and Pacific StudiesSIO Scripps Institution of Oceanography


Students at UCI use the Integrated NanosystemsResearch Facility (INRF), directed by G.P. Li, tolearn microfabrication techniques and performresearch in microdevice technology. The INRF is a semiconductor and micro-electro-mechanicalsystems (MEMS) processing facility, and supportsresearch in a variety of areas, including MEMS,bioMEMS, photonics, and semiconductor processing (also image 2, p. 20).

5

LivingLaboratories


Application Research Layer

Environment andCivil Infrastructure

Intelligent Transportationand Telematics

Digitally EnabledGenomic Medicine

New MediaArts

EcologicalObservatory AUTONET

Biomedical InformaticsResearch Network

Interactive Technologyand Popular Culture

Living Laboratory

Cal-(IT)2 is moving academic research prototypes and

industrial partners’ early products into the field for system

integration and testing, creating living laboratories. These

labs provide a glimpse of future mass markets three to five

years before the markets themselves come into being.

Our partnerships with industry and the surrounding com-

munities allow us to build these labs across our two cam-

puses and throughout southern California. And we are

populating them with end users, which is key to turning

them into true “living” laboratories. To construct each labo-

ratory, we draw on researchers from a number of the layers

(described above) and their students, creating “vertical

convective currents” to integrate activity across the layers.

These living laboratories allow researchers to “plug in” new

algorithms and experimental devices to receive immediate

feedback. Industrial partners gain first-hand experience

with product prototypes and identify, early on, applications

and services that their new products may enable. Policy-

makers, business management experts, cognitive scientists,

artists, and educators study the effect of this technology

on human interaction, expression and creativity, learning,

and productivity. And students are challenged by this

unusual environment to become, upon graduation, leaders

of the next generation of research and development.

In our first year, three types of living laboratories have

emerged. The first, technology-driven, focuses on critical

subsystems used by all four Cal-(IT)2 applications drivers:

ubiquitous connectivity, sensornets, knowledge and data

systems, and the lambda grid. The second type, application-

driven, is pushed by the needs of the applications—sensor-

nets optimized for environmental monitoring, wirelessly

connected automobile fleets creating intelligent trans-

portation systems, and national-scale digital libraries link-

ing biomedical imaging facilities. Finally, to tap the ability

that artists have to foresee the future before it becomes

apparent to the general public, we have initiated one

culturally driven laboratory on interactive technology

and popular culture.

We expect this list of living laboratories to evolve as new

technologies emerge and research excitement dictates.

Technical leads Greg Hidley, UCSD, and Dana Roode, UCI,

and their groups of research professionals are critical to

establishing and making progress in these labs.

Living Laboratories of the Future

Relationship between the Applications' Research Layers

and Living Laboratories


2 Bill Griswold (yellow shirt), Computer Scienceand Engineering and leader of the Active-Campus project, helping undergraduate students the first day HP Jornada handhelddevices were distributed in January 2002.

This lab focuses on designing—and learning how to live

in—an Internet environment that is “always on” regardless

of location. Undergraduate students, renowned for testing

the limits of what might be possible, are the first group

within Cal-(IT)2 being encouraged to experiment with this

new paradigm.

Cal-(IT)2 supports two projects investigating how to use

wireless, local-area networks (IEEE 802.11b) to couple

people and databases to Pocket PCs. One at UCSD, Active-

Campus, led by William Griswold and supported by a major

gift from HP, has deployed 500 wirelessly connected HP

Jornada handheld devices to entering freshmen in com-

puter science and computer engineering (image 2, below).

One application, ActiveCampus Explorer, provides maps

and annotated information to help users, as they move

around campus, to locate departments, faculty offices, and

other entities, and facilitate chance interactions with wire-

lessly connected “buddies.” Geolocation is managed

by triangulating the user’s position with respect to three

network access points and, through a Cal-(IT)2-sponsored

undergraduate research project, has achieved an accuracy

of approximately ten meters.

A related project at UCI, led by Rajesh Gupta’s mobile

computing software laboratory (image 3 and back cover),

is using Compaq iPAQs equipped with wireless LAN and

global positioning system cards. This lab, monitoring daily

usage of fifty-three wireless nodes in the hands of Cal-(IT)2

researchers, studies data management, models of mobile

computing, battery life, and power management. The iPAQs

have been instrumented using the Quasar infrastructure

(developed by Sharad Mehrotra’s research group) to cap-

ture and relay information related to critical performance

parameters (e.g., wireless network quality), patterns in

system usage and user behavior, and geographical loca-

tion. By tracking their usage, researchers expect to build

database technology to support the emerging needs of

mobile and networked computing.

As cell phones become one of the most widely used ways

to access the Internet, UCSD students, working with indus-

trial partners, are investigating how to program these

devices. Using Qualcomm’s Binary Runtime Environment

for Wireless (BREW), Kyocera phones, and Qualcomm Over

The Air connection service, participants program their

applications in familiar languages, then BREW compiles the

code down to the CDMA chips in the phones. By encourag-

ing the students to share these programs, we hope to

increase the number of exciting new applications.

Cal-(IT)2 expects to extend the range of mobile, wireless

Internet access later this year. Our goal is to make it possible

for students to move seamlessly between the local-area

zone supported by 802.11b, 802.11a, or Bluetooth to larger-

area zones supported by cellular Internet. The technologies

we plan to experiment with include two: 1xEV-DO (images

5–6, p. 20; moving toward 3G CDMA2000) in partnership

with Qualcomm, Ericsson, Intersil, and Verizon; and GPRS

(moving toward 3G W-CDMA).

This experiment will enable mobile access across campus

in residence halls, public spaces such as libraries and cafes,

shuttle buses, and classrooms. This lab will deploy and test

new algorithms for intersystem handoff and new forms of

opportunistic transmission scheduling. In addition, this lab

affords Cal-(IT)2 researchers an environment to explore

novel system architectures to support “always best con-

nected” access and new applications.

Technology-driven Living LaboratoriesUbiquitous Connectivity

3 Compaq iPAQ used by Rajesh Gupta’s mobilecomputing research project at UCI. TheseiPAQs run various embedded and real-timeoperating systems including Linux and eCOS.

1 2 3

1 Students in UCSD's Computer Vision and RoboticsResearch Lab, led by Mohan Trivedi, Electrical andComputer Engineering, explore ways to enable interactionand communication between geographically distributedpeople. The team has developed the Mobile InteractiveAvatar (MIA) to allow communication, via the Internet,between people at different locations. The team is ex-ploring applications for emergency response, homelandsecurity, distance learning, virtual tours, and entertain-ment. Seen here is Natalie Roselli talking with the MIA.


This lab focuses on how the Internet of the future will pro-

vide a much more detailed picture of the dynamic state of

the physical world. SensorNets integrate large numbers of

sensing devices via wireless or wired communications sys-

tems with a data management system that enables data

mining and interactive visualization of the resulting data

fields. Such an infrastructure accepts raw data flows from

the field and turns them into processed knowledge prod-

ucts. These products can be returned, via wireless Internet,

to remote researchers or first responders in an emergency

scenario through personal digital assistants, cell phones,

and other personal interface devices.

This living lab comprises distributed testbeds addressing

the needs of various applications areas. All use the National

Science Foundation (NSF)-funded High Performance

Wireless Research and Education Network (HPWREN) to

return data. HPWREN, a Cal-(IT)2 academic partner, is led

by principal investigators (PIs) Hans-Werner Braun, San

Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC), and Frank Vernon,

Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), UCSD. The

testbeds include the following:

Oceanographic Network

The NSF-funded Real-time Observatories, Applications,

and Data Management Network (ROADNet) is creating

an environmental observing/monitoring testbed along

the shoreline of southern California to demonstrate

collection and streaming of real-time seismic, oceano-

graphic, hydrological, ecological, geodetic, and physical

data via wireless networking. ROADNet is led by John

Orcutt and Frank Vernon, SIO; and Hans-Werner Braun

and Arcot Rajasekar, SDSC.

Bridge-area Networks

UCSD and UCI structural engineers are instrumenting

bridges in San Diego and Orange counties. One project

at UCSD, led by Frieder Seible, is deploying wirelessly

enabled sensors to monitor the structural integrity over

time of a bridge near the Salton Sea, California, designed

with a new composite material. Researchers plan to com-

pare its results with those from another bridge in the

same area built with traditional concrete construction

materials. A research team at UCI, led by Maria Feng, is

deploying a wireless Internet-based system to support

real-time monitoring of bridge structural health. They

have instrumented two highway bridges in Orange

County with advanced sensors including optical-fiber

accelerometers they developed (image 2, above).

Seismic Network

The network of seismic stations, organized by Frank

Vernon (image 3, above), provides real-time read

outs of seismic data for scientific analysis, academic

instruction, and public education.

Ecological Networks

Research prototype and commercially available sensing

devices are being deployed at UCSD and the Santa

Margarita Ecological Reserve, managed by San Diego

State University (SDSU), to monitor various characteris-

tics of the environment (“Ecological Observatory,” p.11).

SensorNets

3 This image shows read outs from a network of seismic sensorsin Anza, California, during the mainshock–aftershock sequenceof a magnitude 5.1 earthquake on October 31, 2001, as mightbe studied and shown on Cal-(IT)2’s Panoram Technologies’immersive display (p. 21). The left side lists the sensor stations.Each yellow line is a trace showing the data as it is recordedon the vertical component of that station’s seismometer.The data arrives at right and moves left as it “ages”; this viewshows a total of six hours of data. After the mainshock at 07:55(UTC), numerous aftershocks were recorded (red tick marks).(Image provided by Frank Vernon, Scripps Institution ofOceanography, UCSD.)

1 Proposed design for the new Bay Bridgeacross San Francisco Bay. Modern bridgesare being built with embedded sensors tomonitor their integrity over time and verifytheir structural soundness remotely afterlarge earthquakes. (Image provided byFrieder Seible, Structural Engineering,Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD.)

2 Installation of an optical-fiber accelerometer(in circle) together with a conventionalaccelerometer (larger one on the right) onone of two highway bridges instrumented byUCI under the support of the Federal HighwayAdministration, the California Department ofTransportation, and the National ScienceFoundation. The optical-fiber accelerometerwas developed by Maria Feng of the SamueliSchool of Engineering, UCI.

1

2 3


Knowledge and Data Systems

A three-dimensional model of the “High Tech Coast” (Irvine,California, to the Mexican border)created using a laminated objectmanufacturing machine at theSan Diego Supercomputer Center,UCSD. This device, in Mike Bailey’slab, creates very detailed “wooden”models built up from very fine layers of paper.

Cal-(IT)2 is studying the interoperability of data systems

in this living lab. Our goal is to leverage the expertise

developed over several years at SDSC, and academic and

industrial partners to develop a comprehensive infrastruc-

ture to “fuse” data from various sources (e.g., sensors, legacy

archives, output from computational simulations) and

among multiple data types. We use the eXtensible Markup

Language (XML) standard to mediate (translate) between

diverse data sets and are developing computer algorithms

to support real-world queries to mine the combined

data intelligently.

As a first step toward this goal, Cal-(IT)2 is building a

multi-institutional team to integrate—into a data ware-

house—all available data sets describing the “High Tech

Coast” (image below), which spans Orange and San Diego

counties to the border with Mexico. We are using geo-

graphical information systems (GIS) to merge data on

the natural and man-made environments into a common

digital framework.

This framework will be used to process data into know-

ledge to support decision makers in real time. As our sen-

sornets expand, it will be possible to integrate incoming

sensor data with legacy data and visualize it on large-

scale, immersive displays (p. 21), enabling researchers and

decision makers to query the data and investigate correla-

tions among data sets that could provide new insight.

A broad range of information integration techniques is

needed to satisfy the aggregate requirements of Cal-(IT)2’s

applications. The Cal-(IT)2 data architecture, as a result, is

being designed to address the breadth of these require-

ments. Different techniques are applicable, depending

on the type of data being integrated (e.g., scientific or

Web data) and the number of data sources (from a few to

millions). Cal-(IT)2 is addressing the needs of varied audi-

ences from specific disciplines (e.g., BIRN, p. 13) to those

of various local, state, and federal government agencies.

SDSC’s Chaitan Baru is leading the creation of a Cal-(IT)2

information integration architecture with an early proto-

type based on Web services. Early industrial partners

include Enosys Markets, which provides database integra-

tion via an XML-based mediator; Polexis, which provides

Java-based facilities for application integration; and Oracle,

which provides one of the data sources. As we develop this

architecture, it will include other industrial partners, e.g.,

ESRI, which will provide the ArcGIS software for geospatial

information; IBM, which will provide the DiscoveryLinks

software to integrate information using a relational data-

base model; and others.


This living lab is based on the emerging concept of the

“grid.” A grid is a set of network-connected, but geographi-

cally dispersed, resources like computers, data servers, visu-

alization devices, and laboratory instruments. Recent cost

breakthroughs in networking technology are making it

possible to send multiple wavelengths—called lambdas—

along a single strand of optical fiber, increasing potential

capacity to the point where bandwidth ceases to be the

traditional bottleneck in development of metropolitan-

scale grids.

Cal-(IT)2 is collaborating with the other three Cal ISI insti-

tutes and the CENIC state-wide networking program to

create end-to-end, high-performance network laboratories.

We are in the first stage of coordinating the deployment of

the Southern California Metro Optical Networking Project

to link metro-area networks from San Diego to Santa

Barbara. From this California optical network, we plan to

link to national projects such as the NSF-funded TeraGrid.

We will extend collaboration to international partners

through the StarLight project at the University of Illinois,

Chicago (Tom DeFanti and Maxine Brown, PIs).

Cal-(IT)2 has already implemented a metro-area network

laboratory across San Diego (image 2, below). Cal-(IT)2

researchers, working with industrial partners, have optically

linked two immersive visualization theaters, at UCSD’s

Scripps Institution of Oceanography and SDSU. These

facilities are based on Panoram Technologies’ immersive

displays (p. 21), SGI computers (p. 20), and TeraBurst

Networks’ switching devices (image 1, below), with Cox

Communications’ fiber forming the metro link. Director

of the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, John

Orcutt, and SDSU Professor of Geological Sciences, Eric

Frost, are the respective leads on this project. Cal-(IT)2

is using BIRN (p. 13) and SIO seismic data sets to drive

research on coupling remote massive scientific data

sets, Linux PC clusters, and these immersive theaters.

These facilities and software infrastructure will enable shar-

ing three-dimensional data sets, accommodate videotele-

conferencing among the two and additional sites, and

demonstrate the power of the aggregated capabilities in

support of scientific discovery, academic instruction, public

education, and crisis management.

805

5

805

8

8

5

163

La Jolla

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exico

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San Diego

15

163

15

Marine Physical Laboratory and SPAWAR

UCSDMedical Center(Hillcrest)

SDSC

SIO

To R

iverside

52

94

LambdaGrid

2 Cal-(IT)2 is putting in place metro optical linksbetween the Scripps Institution of Oceanography(SIO), the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC),and San Diego State University (SDSU). We hope toimplement links (dotted lines) between SDSC, theMarine Physical Laboratory (part of SIO) and SPAWAR(Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command), andthe UCSD Medical Center (Hillcrest) by summer 2002.

1 Equipment supporting the SD-NAP (San DiegoNetwork Access Point),a carrier-neutral facility to enable local Internetservice providers toexchange traffic. It is hosted by the CooperativeAssociation for InternetData Analysis (CAIDA) atSDSC. Participants permitUCSD staff to analyze theirInternet traffic data to sup-port CAIDA’s goal of pro-moting a robust, scalableglobal Internet infrastruc-ture. The rack on the left shows a multi-gigabitlambda multiplexer from Cal-(IT)2 industrial partnerTeraBurst Networks installed February 11, 2002.

1 2

Application-driven Living LaboratoriesEcological Observatory Wireless telecommunications, coupled with research in and development of sensing

devices, make it possible to begin comprehensively instrumenting a geographical area

to monitor the environment in an integrated way as it changes under pressures from

increasing urbanization.

Cal-(IT)2 is implementing a rapid prototyping sensornet living lab in partnership with

the Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve (SMER) located in northeastern San Diego County.

The SMER is one of four reserves managed by the SDSU Field Station Program directed

by Sedra Shapiro. This 4,000-acre reserve has a rapidly growing sensornet containing

sensing devices and sensor “webs” to monitor various aspects of the environment. It is

connected to SDSC via the HPWREN wireless network (p. 8). New funding to extend this

project was received recently from NSF as part of ROADNet (p. 8).

Areas of initial interest to researchers include detection of pollutants in the Santa

Margarita River (which spans civilian and military populations [Camp Pendleton]);

seismic events; the moisture “load” of the vegetation (which affects the degree of fire

danger); air quality; the presence and spread of invasive botanical species; and the

movement, behavior, and numbers of animal populations, such as mountain lions and

bats. Cal-(IT)2 co-sponsored a workshop February 7, 2002, to develop a water and wildlife

monitoring plan for the reserve, followed by the Sensor Networks technical workshop

February 21.

This project is forming the foundation for an end-to-end infrastructure to collect data

from a wide variety of sensing devices, communicate it over various types of networks

(cellular, ad hoc, satellite, and telemetry) to a central archive facility, and visualize and

analyze it in a centralized command-and-control room. This infrastructure is serving

as a prototype for what is envisioned, on a broader scale, by the National Ecological

Observatory Network, a program being proposed for funding by NSF.

1-3 Images from the SantaMargarita Ecological Reserve,managed by San Diego StateUniversity. Image 1 is a towerequipped with various environ-mental sensing devices. Image 2is a wind anemometer, whichmeasures wind direction andspeed. Image 3 shows the SantaMargarita River.


Small, portable sensor developed to detect toxins and other envi-ronmental hazards in air andwater, developed by MichaelSailor’s research lab, Chemistryand Biochemistry, UCSD.

2

1 3

1 Control room at the AdvancedTransportation Systems Labs of theInstitute of Transportation Studies,UCI, led by Will Recker. Based on communications links to state andlocal transportation systems, Recker’sresearch group studies congestion andthe effects of real-time adaptive con-trol and management of traffic signalsand ramp meters in Orange County.


AUTONET

3 One of the areas that theIntelligent Transportation andTelematics layer focuses on isincreased vehicle occupantsafety through the use ofcomputer vision. This photoshows a car testbed equippedwith visual and motion sen-sors from Mohan Trivedi’s lab,Electrical and ComputerEngineering, UCSD.

2 ZevNet Toyota E-COM cars in front of ATL/Quantum, a high-tech-nology firm in the UCI University Research Park and one of the corporations participating in the ZevNet shared-use, station-carresearch program. Shown are the leaders of the ZevNet program:Will Recker, Director of the UCI Institute of Transportation Studiesand Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering; G. ScottSamuelsen, Director of the UCI National Fuel Cell Research Centerand Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; andMichael McNally, Director of the UCI Transportation ScienceProgram and Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering.

In California each year, 24 million vehicles travel 155 billion

miles over 166,000 miles of streets and highways. As a

result, traffic congestion is becoming one of the principal

road blocks to California’s economic development.

In response, Cal-(IT)2 has developed a vision termed

AUTONET, an autonomous, self-organizing information/

control system to manage interactions among “intelligent”

vehicles, roadways, and stations. In this scenario, roadside

data stations, being developed at UCI, will broadcast traffic

data to passing vehicles while collecting detailed traffic

flow data. Navigation devices will have access to commer-

cial navigation and route guidance services. Vehicle-to-

vehicle communication will provide drivers with enhanced

local navigation assistance and enable sharing of traffic

and other data. To begin organizing AUTONET activities

in this lab, Cal-(IT)2 hosted the Workshop on Intelligent

Transportation and Telematics Systems October 19, 2001.

Our first living lab to test the AUTONET vision is ZevNet, the

Zero-emission Vehicle Network. The California Air Resources

Board has mandated that, by car model year 2003, at least

4 percent of each manufacturer’s vehicles sold in California

must be zero-emission and at least 10 percent zero- or

low-emission. Manufacturers can offset part of the zero-

emission requirement by deploying pollution-free car fleets

that feature information technology, such as ZevNet.

The ZevNet fleet (image 2 below, and back cover) consists

of battery-powered electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid vehi-

cles used by multiple drivers traveling between train sta-

tions and key employment sites in southern California.

Fifteen vehicles (initially Toyota’s E-COM electric city vehi-

cles) are being deployed, and 100 more (including EV ver-

sions of Toyota’s RAV-4 compact sport utility vehicle and the

hybrid low-emission Toyota Prius) are scheduled for deploy-

ment over the next six months. Each car is likely to have an

average of five to ten drivers on a daily basis, not counting

other passengers. This project is a prototype for a fuller-

fledged station car program throughout California.

Next steps include experimenting with information tech-

nologies, ranging from “virtual keys” (a keyless interface to

unlock a car from a wireless phone or PDA), en-route navi-

gation aids, and car-to-car communications.

Also contributing to the AUTONET vision are research

activities in Mohan Trivedi’s lab at UCSD, which focus on

driver distraction/safety (image 3) and incident detection.

Trivedi’s group is conducting research on capturing and

conveying visual context information from a moving auto-

mobile to a remote site; dynamic sensor systems for occu-

pant posture analysis to enable safe deployment of “smart

airbags”; and intelligent driver support systems to mini-

mize driver distraction. Trivedi’s group, in partnership with

Caltrans, is also developing distributed video networks,

using novel omnidirectional cameras to monitor and ana-

lyze traffic flow dynamically (back cover). Their goal is to

minimize the time required for incident detection, verifica-

tion, response, and clearance. Finally, a multidisciplinary

team at UCSD is developing systems to manage drivers’

attention in which models of human cognition, task per-

formance, and attention direct multi-modal sensing

devices and user interface modules.

1 2 3

Imaging work performed in research studies of human and

animal brains in healthy and diseased states plays a critical

role in the pursuit of better physical and mental health.

Such work uses a variety of imaging technologies and

studies all length scales, from the molecular to the whole

brain, and temporal scales, from fractions of milliseconds

to the human life span.

Modern biomedical imaging devices acquire data in digital

formats, and the sizes of these data are doubling on about

the same trajectory as the rate of increase in computer CPU

capability (Moore’s Law), resulting in a rapid increase in the

availability of high-resolution brain images. To manage this

explosion of data, we need an automated system combin-

ing the advanced telecommunications and information

technologies being investigated in our technology-driven

living labs, described above. Such a system will enable neu-

roscientists and medical researchers to cross-correlate their

studies and, thus, benefit directly from each other’s work.

The Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN), funded

by the National Center for Research Resources of the

National Institutes of Health, represents the first attempt

to develop a national-scale prototype for doing this.

BIRN is led by principal investigator Mark Ellisman, Direc-

tor of the National Center for Microscopy and Imaging

Research and UCSD’s Center for Research in Biological

Structure, and is supported by key SDSC staff in network-

ing, data infrastructure, and visualization.

BIRN depends on computational and networking tech-

nologies that bring researchers together over the Internet,

and on newer technologies to federate data from multiple

sources. This project also depends on the social integration

of scientific groups that want to share their data and make

their collective results publicly available. Thus, BIRN is a

testbed for a new way—technologically and sociologically

—to conduct large-scale medical science and improve

biomedical insight. The application of statistical and

image-analysis techniques across sufficiently large

samples of data is expected to generate a new level

of confidence in the results of medical research.

BIRN includes the participation of research groups at

UCSD, Caltech, UCLA, Duke University, and Harvard

University (Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham

and Women’s Hospital). A model data grid node is being

established in Ellisman’s lab for the planned cluster con-

figuration, which uses SDSC’s Storage Resource Broker

(developed by the Data and Knowledge Systems group,

led by Reagan Moore) and SDSC’s Rocks Configuration

Management Software (developed by Phil Papadopoulos’

group). After testing and debugging at UCSD, similar grid

nodes will be established at the other participating sites.

Because of the very large amount of data that needs to be

moved and manipulated, this project also expects to chal-

lenge the network infrastructure, both at the campus level

and nationally with respect to the links between sites.

In longer-term research, Cal-(IT)2 seeks to apply this devel-

opment work in a clinical setting to increase the accuracy

of diagnoses, search for epidemiological patterns in the

spread of disease, and so forth. The goal is to enable prac-

ticing physicians and other medical personnel to access

this federated data infrastructure in the hospital or clinic

via broadband wireless technologies. Discussions have

begun with Cal-(IT)2 clinical partners, including UCSD’s

School of Medicine and Medical Center (Hillcrest), the

Veterans’ Administration Hospital at UCSD, UCSD Health-

care, and Scripps Clinic.

Additional NIH funding is anticipated to support new BIRN

projects and expand the BIRN network to many more sites.


Biomedical Informatics Research Network

1 Tomographic reconstruction of a spiny dendrite from a slice of a mouse brain cortex approximately fourmicrons thick. The image was acquired remotely by Mark Ellisman’s group, Neuroscience and Bioengineering,at UCSD in La Jolla, California, from an ultra-high-voltagemicroscope in Osaka, Japan, using telemicroscopy,remote control of a microscope using Internet-enabled technologies.

2 Ray-traced rendering of a human cortex generated from magnetic resonance imagingdata from Arthur Toga’s Laboratory of NeuroImaging (a BIRN partner) at UCLA.

1 2


Collaborative, networked environments are enabling new

types of interactions among people. These environments

have been embraced particularly by the younger genera-

tion. As radio was to the generation now in their 80s and

as television has been to the generation in their 40s and

50s, so this new environment is and will be to today’s

youth. This lab recognizes that online community, online

gaming, and virtual environments are likely to be the major

new cultural forms of the 21st century.

In this context, Cal-(IT)2 artists and art researchers are

studying how high-speed networks are providing the

canvas for the creation of new forms of art, expanding

on and challenging traditional ideas of what constitutes

a work of art, a performance, the role of the audience, and

even the artist as a creator of software systems. In particu-

lar, they seek to provide more instances in which artistic

practice guides technological advances and anticipates

the social and cultural implications related to merging

the physical and cyber worlds.

This living laboratory is based on a variety of projects.

In October 2001, UCI linked with UCSD via a high-speed

network to enable a duet between two renowned UC

pianists located 100 miles apart—Anthony Davis from

UCSD and Kei Akagi from UCI. An additional “participant”

was a software composition program, written by Miller

Puckette at UCSD, that “played” on the remote piano in

response to improvisations of the performer in the other

location (image 1, below).

Another area of inquiry is repurposing existing technolo-

gies to enable new creative endeavors. Within the gaming

arena, New Media Arts faculty are exploring the art and

design of multi-user networked environments. One project

is Robert Nideffer’s PROXY at UCI, recently selected to

debut in the 2002 Biennial Exhibition at the Whitney

Museum of American Art. PROXY is a massively multi-user,

object-based head-game about knowledge discovery, file-

sharing, and information mis/management in relation to

networked identity and collective behavior.

UCSD’s Adriene Jenik’s project Desktop Theater focuses

on improvisational Internet story-telling and drama as it

is played out in public chat rooms. In recent works, such

as The Roman Forum and Virtual Live (image 2), Antoinette

LaFarge at UCI has investigated the performance space

that exists among dedicated online performers/players,

their cyberspatial avatars, and their activities in the

physical world.

Sheldon Brown, UCSD, has developed a multi-user, virtual

environment for the Fleet Science Center of San Diego

that explores the social, cultural, and biological basis of

addiction through participants’ involvement in a series

of virtual-reality game scenarios (image 3). At UCI, Simon

Penny, in collaboration with Bill Vorn of Concordia University,

Montreal, is developing a two-way, machine-driven teleop-

eration environment, called Bedlam, in which users drive

an array of remote robotic prosthetics via bodily gesture.

The Beall Center for Art and Technology, the Claire Trevor

School of the Arts, and the Center for Research in Comput-

ing and the Arts all play key roles in the New Media Arts

layer, providing research and residency resources and

prime venues for project development and presentation.

Culturally Driven Living LaboratoryInteractive Technology and Popular Culture

1 Work in controlling musical instruments remotely wasdemonstrated October 17, 2001, when UCSD's AnthonyDavis (left) and UCI's Kei Akagi (right) collaborated on animprovised piano duet performance—with Davis playing in La Jolla and Akagi in Irvine. Using computer-controlledpianos networked together via in-house software, eachpianist was able to play both his own piano and the other'ssimultaneously over the 100-mile distance. This image showsAkagi at right via MS NetMeeting software, which provided a video representation of him to the La Jolla audience.

3 New forms of artwork necessitate devel-opment of new technologies. This screenshot is a six-node, virtual-reality environ-ment created by Sheldon Brown, UCSD,for the Fleet Science Center in San Diego.It creates virtual avatars of museum par-ticipants. Participants use these avatarsto create and explore an evolving worldthat engages them in issues related toaddictive behaviors.

2 A still from the “InauguralAddress” of Virtual Live, createdby Antoinette LaFarge, UCI.Virtual Live was a preview ofthe Roman Forum II: the Will ofthe People, a theatrical eventabout the aftermath of the2000 elections as seen throughthe eyes of five Romans fromthe time of Emperor Nero.

1 2 3

15

Education


1 Students at a poster session, which capped theUCSD undergraduate research fellows’ programSeptember 6, 2001. Shown here are AdamFindley, Music, and Megan Bowers, Biology.

2 Dmitriy Panasenko, a Fannie and John HertzFoundation fellow and member of YeshaiahuFainman’s Ultrafast and Nanoscale Opticsresearch group, Electrical and ComputerEngineering, UCSD, demonstrates white lightcontinuum generation using intense femtosec-ond laser pulses. Such broadband light sourcesare expected to play a key role in future ultra-fast optical communication systems. This is aresearch project sponsored by Cal-(IT)2 indus-trial partner AMCC.

4 Ph.D. student Jason Goldberg, a member of Jack Wolf's group, Center for MagneticRecording Research (CMRR), UCSD, at a state-of-the-art, computer-controlled, micro-positioning magnetic recording spinstand.Researchers at CMRR use the precision instru-ment to study the physics of ultra-high-densityrecording on magnetic disks and evaluate theperformance of advanced signal processingand coding algorithms.

3 UCSD hosted a “Teacher Technology Showcase”June 7, 2001, to demonstrate, for high schoolteachers, technology being developed at UCSDwith potential relevance to pedagogy in theschool system.

6 Workshop on system software for mobile and networked devices led by Rajesh Gupta (stand-ing) at UCI, August 30, 2001.

5 Peter Cowhey, International Relations andPacific Studies and UCSD layer leader for Policy, Management, and SocioeconomicEvolution, shown at right leading a grad-uate student seminar.

7 Iosif Lazardis and Koushik Niyogi, graduate students in Sharad Mehrotra’s database groupat UCI, are devising an intelligent system tohelp automobile drivers easily find empty parking spaces. This photo shows them at the poster session that was part of the August 30 workshop.

Using Technology to Reshape Education The Cal ISI institutes provide multidisciplinary programs to educate California’s future

high-technology workforce. Cal-(IT)2 is committed to reshaping education through

technology and providing educational opportunities for students in the Cal-(IT)2

research agenda. These activities, overseen by Cal-(IT)2’s Education layer (diagram,

p. 3), focus on developing and implementing leading-edge technologies and applica-

tions to enhance education delivery. Researchers focused on design and engineering

of emerging technologies work hand-in-glove with social scientists studying their

efficacy as teaching tools. Which work best and why? What new applications are stu-

dents developing? What technology gaps need to be filled?

Partnerships are with the following:

Sixth College at UCSD

Undergraduate applicants to UCSD are accepted by one of six colleges, which

oversee residential experience and requirements to complete their majors. The

newest college, Sixth College, will be “born wireless,” integrating evolving tech-

nologies across the spectrum of student life and faculty–student interaction to

create a seamless educational experience accessible from any location. With the

theme of “Culture, Art, and Technology,” Sixth College, led by Provost Gabriele

Wienhausen, will admit its first students—some 330—the fall of 2002.

ActiveCampus

This project (p. 7), includes an instructional application called ActiveClass. This

application is designed to encourage classroom participation by those who are shy

or fearful about slowing down the class. With 802.11b wireless HP Jornadas in the

classroom, students can ask questions anonymously and vote on others' questions

to quantify the relative importance of the questions. This, in turn, helps the instruc-

tor focus, in real time, on the areas of greatest interest to the class as a whole.

Classroom of the Future Foundation

Using Internet and broadband connectivity, this effort is applying Internet (includ-

ing wireless) connectivity to create collaborative centers of learning involving the

key stakeholders: teachers, students, and parents.

The Preuss School, UCSD

Cal-(IT)2 is working with this charter school (grades six through twelve) to provide

its underserved student population with opportunities to use Cal-(IT)2 infrastruc-

ture and collaborate with UCSD faculty and students.

In-service Teachers

UCI educational psychologists are conducting online professional development

with practicing teachers in the Ocean View School District (Huntington Beach) in

algebra and language arts over Internet2 as part of the Digital California project.

1 2 3

4 5 6 7

17

Pre-service Teachers

UCI educational psychologists are developing a curriculum that

helps pre-service teachers develop technological competency,

observational skills, and design skills to infuse technology effec-

tively into the education curriculum.

In addition, Cal-(IT)2 maximizes educational opportunities

within its day-to-day agenda through the following means:

• Undergraduate and graduate industrial fellowship programs

to provide interdisciplinary research opportunities for students

in support of the institute's program.

• Workshops and short courses.

• Co-sponsorship of topically relevant conferences, including

ACM SIGCOMM, Scalable Information Networks for the

Environment, and the Sensor Networks technical workshop.

• Lecture series with speakers including Nobel laureates.

Cal-(IT)2’s first undergraduate fellows’ research program in the summer of 2001 attracted more than 110 applicants for22 fellowships across a range of disciplines comparable to the broad scope of Cal-(IT)2. Matt Clothier, above, workingunder the direction of Mike Bailey at SDSC, conductedresearch in augmented reality in which he experimented with superimposing three-dimensional, computer-generatedimages and data over a person's view of the environment.This work has application, for example, to help fire fightersidentify the location of a fire in an unfamiliar building. Bothundergraduate and graduate fellowships are supported byindustrial sponsors.

Students collaborating in a wireless world at UCSD.


UCI• 120,000 gross square feet

• “Wet” and “dry” research labs

• Clean room to integrate mechanical,photonic, biological, electrical, fluidic,and chemical components to create micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS),bio-MEMs, and “lab-on-chip” technology

• Synthesis and characterization lab for polymers and materials

• Research cluster space capable of being reconfigured

• 80-seat auditorium

Architects: Johnson Fain Partners

Occupancy: Spring 2004

New UCI and UCSD Facilities

The Cal ISI initiative provides support to create unique

research facilities for the University of California and the

state. With specialized laboratories and state-of-the-art

telecommunications and information technology capabili-

ties, new buildings at UCSD and UCI are being designed to

maximize creative interdisciplinary collaborations.

The UCI facility is the first building to be approved by the

UC Regents among all buildings planned for construction

by the four institutes.

The UCI facility will make it possible to develop integrated

nanosystems instrumentation, in turn, to enable genomic

and proteomic research. It will also facilitate micro/nano

fabrication technologies for seamless integration of nano-

materials and nano-engineering devices with the macro-

physical world. And it will enable research and development

related to nano-bio-info-electronics, nano-computing, and

telecom-system-on-a-chip.

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EngineeringGateway

Location of new Cal-(IT)2 buildingon the UCI campus.


UCSD • 215,000 gross square feet

• Clean room including:

Materials characterization lab with structural and chemical probes

Nanoscale fabrication lab

• Wireless communications/network laboratories

• Circuits laboratory

• Optical networking laboratory

• New Media Arts spaces for research, production,exhibition, and performance

• Audio/video lab

• Exhibit gallery

• “Research neighborhoods”

• 150-seat auditorium

• Rooftop “antenna garden”

Architects: NBBJ

Occupancy: Fall 2004

Geisel Library

Price Center/Bookstore

Campus Services Complex

Canyonview Pool

Warren Field

Warren Mall

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The planned clean room in UCSD's new facility will sup-

port research in Materials and Devices. This group studies

quantum computational and communication concepts,

and the properties of relevant materials for integration

into devices and sensors. The new facilities will enable

research on new materials; their integration into novel

electronic, magnetic, and photonic devices and sensors;

their integration on a chip; and end-user integration.

The efforts at UCSD and UCI are complementary and,

to provide tighter integration, overlap somewhat in key

areas to create a symbiotic relationship between the two

campuses. The UCSD effort focuses on development of

quantum concepts, individual materials, and devices.

UCI focuses on platform and end-user integration.

Location of new Cal-(IT)2 buildingon the UCSD campus.


Industrial Partners Play Key Role The Cal ISI institutes work with industrial partners to accelerate the

development and application of new knowledge and technologies

for the benefit of the public and the California economy. They also

are implementing creative strategies to improve technology trans-

fer and speed downstream commercialization of research discover-

ies. More than fifty companies have become Cal-(IT)2 partners,

including large, small, and publicly and privately held companies.

These companies provide products and services related to comput-

ing, communications, software, sensing devices, pharmaceuticals,

health care, and venture finance.

Partner Companies Can• Engage in research with faculty to complement in-house

industrial development.

• Access advanced (pre-market) technologies implemented on

both campuses.

• Learn how students are using—and developing—the techno-

logies to identify emerging markets.

• Prototype and test new products and systems.

• Evaluate the possibility of teaming with other Cal-(IT)2 partner

companies on joint product lines.

• Evaluate students for summer internships and career employment.

Partner Companies Support• Sponsored research.

• Professional researchers and academic professionals.

• Endowed faculty chairs.

• Student fellowships.

• Named laboratories in the UCSD and UCI buildings being

constructed (pp. 18–19).

• Laboratory equipment.

• In-kind services and materials.

These images show Qualcomm’s 1xEV-DOantenna on the roof of Engineering BuildingUnit 1, Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD, andthe back-end equipment that supports it. This isa new third-generation wireless technology tosupport high-speed IP data services. This imple-mentation has a radius of five kilometers withburst rates up to 2. 4 megabits per second.

5-6

1 SGI Onyx 3400 16-CPU system thatdrives the Panoram Technologies’immersive display at SIO (p. 21).

3 One of the world’s fastest supercomputersdevoted to ocean modeling and global climatechange, installed at the Scripps Institution ofOceanography’s (SIO) Center for Observations,Modeling, and Prediction (COMPAS). Workingwith Cal-(IT)2 partner IBM, SIO was able to in-crease the speed of its two federally fundedclusters to 500 billion calculations per second.Shown celebrating are Charles Kennel, Directorof SIO; Larry Smarr, Director of Cal-(IT)2; andDetlef Stammer, COMPAS Director and AssociateProfessor of Physical Oceanography.

4 This image is from research by Slava Rokitski,a Ph.D. student in Yeshaiahu Fainman's lab,Electrical and Computer Engineering, UCSD.Rokitski developed a new spatio-imaging tech-nique that revealed the effects of propagation offemtosecond pulses through multi-mode fiberin a project sponsored by AMCC.

2 Fabrication and inspection of chipsand components must be done in anenvironment free of impurities. Thistechnician is working in a “clean room”at Cal-(IT)2 industrial partner Conexant.Similar facilities are being constructedat UCSD and UCI (pp.18–19) to facili-tate research and development onnano-scale designs.

7 Magnus Almgren, a researcher at Cal-(IT)2 indus-trial partner Ericsson. As part of his relationshipwith Cal-(IT)2, he taught a fall 2000 class at UCSDin Electrical and Computer Engineering called"Radio Networks and Simulation Models.” NotedAlmgren,“Students learned about handoverstrategies, power control, network capacity, sys-tem stability, and service assignments.”

1 2 3 4

5 6 7


Akamai Technologies

AMCC

Ampersand Ventures

Arch Venture Partners

The Boeing Company and Connexion

by Boeing

Donald L. Bren

Broadcom Corporation

Compaq

Conexant Systems

Cox Communications

DaimlerChrysler

Diamondhead Ventures

Dupont iTechnologies

Emulex Corporation

Enosys Markets

Enterprise Partners Venture Capital

Entropia

Ericsson Wireless Communications

ESRI

Global Photon Systems

Graviton

Hewlett Packard

IBM

IdeaEdge Ventures

Interactive Visualization Systems

Intersil Corporation

Irvine Sensors Corporation

Ixia

JMI

The R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute

Leap Wireless International

LearningFramework

William J. Link

Litton Industries

MedExpert International

Merck

Microsoft Corporation

Microvision

Mindspeed Technologies

Mission Ventures

NCR

Newport Corporation

Nissan Motors

Oracle

Orincon Industries

Panoram Technologies

Polexis

QUALCOMM

SAIC

Henry Samueli

San Diego Telecom Council

SBC Communications

SciFrame

Seagate Storage Products

SGI

Silicon Wave

Sony

STMicroelectronics

Sun Microsystems

TeraBurst Networks

Texas Instruments

The Townsend Agency

Toyota

The Unwired Fund

Volkswagen

WebEx

Larry Smarr, Cal-(IT)2 Director, and Eric Frost, Professor of Geological Sciences, SDSU, in front of Panoram Technologies’ immersivevisualization environment at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), UCSD. A complementary facility has been establishedat SDSU by Frost, and the two facilities are linked optically to enable collaborative scientific analysis, data sharing, videotelecon-ferencing, and public education. This infrastructure, dedicated March 4, 2002, is supported by partners SGI (computer platforms,p. 20), TeraBurst Networks (switching devices, p. 10), and Cox Communications (2.4-Gbps optical link between the two facilities).The image shows bathymetry data of Lake Tahoe. (Data courtesy of James Gardner and Larry Mayer, U.S. Geological Survey, andGraham Kent, research scientist, SIO, UCSD. Mayer is also a professor at the University of New Hampshire.)

Industrial Partners and Supporters


UCSD and UCI Partners More than 220 faculty from a broad range of departments across UCSD and

UCI, along with their postdoctoral researchers and students, are conducting

Cal-(IT)2 research activities.

At UCSDArts and Humanities (division)

Biology (division)

Center for Magnetic Recording Research

Center for Research in Computing and the Arts

Center for Wireless Communications

Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory

Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics

High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network

International Relations and Pacific Studies (graduate school) • IR/PS

Jacobs School of Engineering

Medical Center (Hillcrest)

National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research

Physical Sciences (division)

Charles Lee Powell Structural Research Laboratories

The Preuss School

San Diego Supercomputer Center • SDSC

School of Medicine

Scripps Institution of Oceanography • SIO

Sixth College

Southern California Next Generation Internet Application Center, SDSC

Teacher Education Program

Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Services

UCSD Healthcare

Veterans’ Administration Hospital

At UCIBeall Center for Art and Technology

Center for Embedded Computer Systems

Center for Pervasive Communications

Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations

College of Medicine

Department of Education

Department of Information and Computer Science

Graduate School of Management

Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics

Institute for Software Research

Institute for Surface and Interface Science

Institute of Transportation Studies

Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility

Samueli School of Engineering

School of Biological Sciences

School of Physical Sciences

Claire Trevor School of the Arts

Other PartnersCalifornia Department of TransportationMonterey Bay Aquarium Research InstituteSan Diego State University • SDSUScripps ClinicUniversity of Southern California


Larry SmarrDirectorProfessor, Computer Science and Engineering,Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

Ramesh RaoDirector, UCSD Division Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering,Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

William H. ParkerDirector (Interim), UCI Division Vice Chancellor for Research and Dean of Graduate Studies, UCI

Ronald GrahamChief ScientistIrwin and Joan Jacobs Professor, ComputerScience and Engineering, Jacobs School ofEngineering, UCSD

Leadership

Governing Board This board reviews progress and addresses problems on a quarterly basis. It consists of senior administrators from both campuses and is co-chaired by:

• Robert W. Conn, Dean, Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

• Nicolaos Alexopoulos, Dean, Samueli School of Engineering, UCI

Advisory Board This board provides outside perspective on short- and longer-term priorities in key topical areas and is co-chaired by:

• Forest Baskett, Venture Partner, New Enterprise Associates

• Phil Smith, former Executive Director, National Research Council

Peter RentzepisFounding Director, UCI Division Presidential Chair and Professor, Chemistryand Electrical and Computer Engineering, UCI

$100M

$30M $30M

$140M

$200M

State fundingfor capital

Initial industrialsponsorship

Federalresearch grants

Private gifts

Campuscontributions

Anticipated Financial Support over Five Years

UC San Diego Division9500 Gilman DriveLa Jolla, CA 92093-0405Phone: (858) 534-5131Fax: (858) 822-3912

UC Irvine Division416 Engineering TowerIrvine, CA 92697-2800Phone: (949) 824-6900Fax: (949) 824-8197

California Institutes forScience and Innovation (Cal ISI)

0102-581

California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology • Cal-(IT)2

w w w . c a l i t 2 . n e t

These images show, upper left, a Compaq iPAQ handhelddevice with GPS card (blue unit at top) used by RajeshGupta's mobile computing research project at UCI and,upper right, installed on the dashboard of one of the E-COM hybrid cars from the ZevNet fleet led by WillRecker (also p.12). The car driver is Chris Davison,Network Manager, Information and Computer ScienceDepartment, UCI. The middle image shows the iPAQsbeing set up in the lab.

The photos at right show work by a team at UCSD, led byMohan Trivedi, that is developing innovative approachesto address traffic congestion and manage incidents usingdistributed, interactive video arrays deployed on the cam-pus and along Highway Interstate 5. The image at leftshows the camera on campus at UCSD. The group achievesreal-time vehicle detection, classification, and traffic flowcharacterization using omnidirectional video cameras(camera view at right) accessible via the Internet.

www.ucop.edu/cal i fornia- inst i tutes

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