1

OLIVE OIL PROCESSING COURSE

OLIVE OIL PROCESSING COURSE

Solid - Liquid Phase Separation

2

Extraction efficiency

Very good efficiency: >90.0%

Benchmark efficiency: >85.0%

Unacceptable: <70 0%Unacceptable: <70.0%

Extraction efficiency

E.E.=1-(Oil pomace*(100-Oil fruit))/(Oil fruit*(100-Oil pomace)

Or

< 8.0% oil/dry matter in the pomace

With 50% moisture fruit = 3.0% oil/fresh in pomace

With 60% moisture fruit = 2.0% oil/fresh in pomace

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Extraction efficiency

Marino Uceda – Australia 2005

Fruit and moisture levels

Fruit moisture vs. extraction efficiency - Plant A

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

it m

oist

ure

& ex

trac

tion

effic

ienc

y (%

)

40.00%0 5 10 15 20 25

Samples

Fru

Moist Eff iciency Linear (Eff iciency) Linear (Moist)

4

Fruit and soil moisture

Fruit moisture vs. extraction efficiency - Plant BFruit moisture vs. extraction efficiency Plant B

50 00%

60.00%70.00%80.00%90.00%

100.00%110.00%

ruit

moi

stur

e an

d ef

ficie

ncy

(%)

40.00%50.00%

0 10 20 30 40 50

Samples

Fr

Fruit moisture Efficiency Poly. (Eff iciency) Linear (Fruit moisture)

ProcessingEvolution of processing efficiency at Boort

60.00

70.00

80.00

90.00

100.00

Frui

t Moi

stur

e (%

)

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Proc

essi

ng E

ffici

ency

(%)

Rain

40.00

50.00

4/17/2

007

4/19/2

007

4/21/2

007

4/23/2

007

4/25/2

007

4/27/2

007

4/29/2

007

5/1/20

07

5/3/20

07

5/5/20

07

5/7/20

07

5/9/20

07

5/11/2

007

5/13/2

007

5/15/2

007

5/17/2

007

5/19/2

007

5/21/2

007

5/23/2

007

5/25/2

007

5/27/2

007

5/29/2

007

5/31/2

007

6/2/20

07

Date

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

Fruit Moisture %

OperatingEfficiency

5

Decanter

Decanter

6

Decanter

PomaceWater

OilPomace Oil

r

Decanter

• Capacity.

• Efficiency.

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Capacity of the Decanter

• Viscosity (Temperature).• Length.• Diameter.• Differential between screw and bowl.• Particle size (Crushing)• Particle size (Crushing).

Capacity of the Decanter

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Efficiency of the Decanter

• Density difference between phases (Talc – Water - Crushing).• Speed of rotation.• Size of phases (Decanter plates).• Separation time (Pumping speed).

Capacity vs. Equipment

9

Capacity vs. Equipment

Capacity vs. Equipment

10

Capacity vs. Equipment

Capacity vs. Equipment

11

Pumping speed

13Speed 1 (65% TC) Speed 2 (80% TC)

9

10

11

12 p

om

ace

(%)

5

6

7

8

1 2 3Samples

Oil

in

Processing

Oil losses Pump speedFruit moisture

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Pumping speed

• How do I know if I am pumping too fast?p p g

• Oil losses above limit.• Oil comes out dirty (Not always).

• How do I know if I am pumping to slow?

• No problems apart from increased costs.• Do not go under 40% NC of the Decanter.

Pumping speed

13

Pumping speed

Decanter plates

14

Decanter plates

Decanter plates

15

Decanter platesPlate 99 Plate 100 Plate 101

8

9

10

11

5

6

7

Without water 6% WaterMarino Uceda – Australia 2005

Decanter plates

• How do I know when to change the plate?g p

• Once you have tried everything else and the oil still comes out very dirty and with very low Decanter capacity. Put an smaller plate.

• Or if there is too much oil in the decanter. Stop the feeding pump into decanter, flush it with water and the amount of oil that is obtained should not exceed

f f1.5 % of the TC of the decanter. E.g.: 5 tn/hr should not produce more than 50-75 litres. Put a larger plate.

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Differential speed

Differential speed

17

Processing

Processing

18

Processing

Temperature sensor

Level sensor

Processing

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Extraction efficiencies per plant and operator

-83.20%75.93%Plant B

90.10%84.67%-Plant A

>2 years1-2 years< 1 yearOperator

92.15%89.31%-Plant C