CATALOGUEversion 1.0 / 2019

MACHSTAR group is a commercial spin-off from the Department of Aerospace

Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru. With decades of

experience in the fields of gas dynamics and high speed aerodynamics, this group

set out to use these concepts and develop novel engineering solutions in various

fields of science, medicine, industry and engineering. The group has been mainly

focusing on exploiting the commercial potential of shock waves. MACHSTAR has

also taken upon itself to educate the budding scientists and engineers to better

equip them to carve out a bright tomorrow for all mankind. In order to achieve

this MACHSTAR has developed incredibly simple systems to produce and study

the shock waves in the laboratory without any risks associated with the existing

large scale systems.

ABOUT US

MACHSTAR has extended the scope of shock

wave applications to various fields. The group

has its presence in the following sectors:

➢ Space research

➢ Defence research

➢ Oil & natural gas

➢ Healthcare

➢ Bamboo/wood treatment

➢ Education

➢ Livestock

➢ Cell Biology

➢ Mining

➢ Food processing

To be a pioneer in shockwave-based innovations and extend their reach to

all walks of life.

INNOVATE for a better tomorrow by realizing the potential of shockwaves.

ENGINEER to cater to the industry and research challenges.

INSPIRE and educate budding engineers about shockwave technology.

VIS

ION

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OUR ACTIVITIES

➢ REDDY TUBE - Hand operated shock tube

➢ REDDY TUNNEL – Hand operated hypersonic shock tunnel

➢ SUPERBULL – Reddy tube assisted Artificial Insemination Gun

➢ HIGH-SPEED VALVE – Milliseconds opening time

➢ CUSTOMIZED SHOCK TUBES & SHOCK TUNNELS

➢ CUSTOMIZED PROJECTILE LAUNCHERS

➢ DE-CLOGGING USING REDDY TUBE - Drip Irrigation

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➢ AERODYNAMIC TESTING

➢ CFD ANALYSIS

➢ PRESSURE / VACUUM TESTING

➢ SHOCK / PROJECTILE IMPACT ON SAMPLES

➢ STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

➢ BIOLOGICAL TESTING

➢ SHOCKWAVES IN HEALTHCARE

➢ SHOCKWAVE-ASSISTED FRACKING

➢ SHOCKWAVES IN MINING

➢ SHOCKWAVES FOR CELL BIOLOGY RESEARCH

➢ SHOCKWAVES FOR TEA PROCESSING

➢ BAMBOO/WOOD TREATMENT USING SHOCKWAVES

REDDY TUBEThis is a novel table-top shock tube invented by Prof. K P J Reddy that uses a hand driven piston to

produce shock waves. The high pressure required for rupturing the diaphragm to produce a shock

wave is generated inside the driver tube by pushing a piston akin to the plunger in a medical syringe.

The importance of this devise is its versatility and ease of operation. In addition to being a good

practical devise for teaching shock waves and compressible aerodynamics the Reddy Tube has been

applied for artificial insemination of cattle, investigation of traumatic brain injuries, removal of

brain tumor, water purification, oil extraction from medicinal plants and even for making tasty

pickles by many researchers and students. Shock Mach numbers of up to 1.5 are easily produced using

this product.

INSTRUMENTATION

➢ Diaphragm rupture pressure monitor

➢ High speed pressure sensors for

- Shock speed measurement

- Primary shock pressure measurement

- Reflected shock pressure measurement

➢ Data acquisition oscilloscope

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

Diameter: 29 mm

Driver tube length: 400mm

Driven tube length: 600mm

Diaphragm material: paper

Reddy K.P.J. and Sharath N, “Manually operated piston-driven shock tube”, Current Science, 104 (2),

pp 172-176, 2013.

Dhananjaya I. Bhat, Dhaval Shukla, Anita Mahadevan, N. Sharath, K.P.J. Reddy, “Validation of a blast

induced neurotrauma model using modified Reddy tube in rats: A pilot study”, The Indian Journal of

Neurotrauma, 11, 91-96, 2014.

WORKING PARAMETERS

Diaphragm rupture pressure : Up to 7 bar (manual)

Initial driven side pressure : 200 – 760 mm of Hg

Primary shock Mach number range : 1.3 – 2.0

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

a) Calibration studies of shock tube

b) Projectile launcher

c) Basic material studies research

d) Dynamic calibration of pressure transducers

e) Investigation of traumatic brain injury

THE FIRST EVER

HAND OPERATED

SHOCK WAVE

GENERATOR

REDDY TUNNELA hypersonic shock tunnel is a research facility for producing the design data for high speed flight

vehicles. But teaching of hypersonic aerodynamics at undergraduate and postgraduate levels is

incomplete as students seldom have access to laboratories. For this purpose Prof. K. P. J. Reddy

invented hand operated table-top hypersonic shock tunnel named Reddy Tunnel which is ideally

designed for conducting practical classes in colleges offering Aerospace Engineering degree courses.

This device serves as a stepping-stone towards extending studies in aeronautics to the field of

aerospace engineering.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Shock tube Diameter : 29 mm

Driver tube length : 400mm

Driven tube length : 600mm

Diaphragm material : paper

Nozzle : CD nozzle with 60 mm exit diameter

Test section : Rectangular with optical windows.

Dump tank : Cylindrical dump tank

Other accessories: Model mounting base

Data throughput

WORKING PARAMETERS

Maximum model dimension : 50 mm (crosswise)

Flow Mach number : 6

Maximum effective test time : 300 microseconds

Test gas : Typically air but can be changed

INSTRUMENTATION

➢ Diaphragm rupture pressure monitor

➢ High speed pressure sensors for

- Shock speed measurement

- Primary shock pressure measurement

- Secondary shock pressure measurement

➢ Data acquisition oscilloscope.

➢ Vacuum pump.

➢ Test section and dump tank.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

a) Calibration of test section core flow.

b) Measurement of drag and lift co-efficient.

c) Measurement of surface pressures.

d) Measurement of heat fluxes.

e) Measurement of pitch and yaw moments.

f) Schlieren flow visualization studies.

C S Kumar and Reddy K.P.J. “Experiments in hand operated, hypersonic shock tunnel facility”, Shock

Waves, DOI: 10.1007/s00193-015-0608-x, 2015.

AN AFFORDABLE TOOL TO TEACH AND DO

RESEARCH IN AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

SUPERBULLSUPERBULL is a novel artificial insemination gun in which the Reddy tube is incorporated with the

existing mechanism of artificial insemination in livestock. SUPERBULL increases the overall efficiency

of the system, resulting in raising the rate of conception. The plunger rod of the conventional artificial

insemination gun is replaced by the Reddy tube which sprays the semen into the uterus. SUPERBULL

has a superior success rate of about 50% when compared to the success rate of conventional artificial

insemination gun which is about 30%.

Overall length 610 mm Number of cartridges five (can be purchased separately)

Diameter 2 mm Features 1. Durable

Weight 72 g 2. Damage-resistant

Material Stainless steel 3. User-friendly

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

A HIGH EFFICIENCY ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION GUN -

SUPERBULL

HIGH-SPEED VALVE

CUSTOM MADE SHOCK SYSTEMS

MACHSTAR has specialized in designing, fabricating

and commissioning of any size shock tubes as well as

shock tunnels. MACHSTAR has also fabricated and

commissioned special-requirement projectile

launchers for clients with projectile speeds of up to

1000 m/s. Explosive-free projectile launchers are a

special feature of these systems which make it easy

to operate and handle.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Exit diameter 20mm – 80mm Opening time Less than 2 milliseconds

Operating pressure 2 bar – 60 bar Actuation type Electropneumatic/Pneumatic

Driven tube length 20 – 50 deg Celsius End connection Threaded/Flanged

Operating medium Air/inert gas Material Stainless steel

The high-speed valve is ideal long-term solution to replace metal diaphragms in conventional shock

tube systems. The high-speed valve developed and patented by MACHSTAR has very good repeatability

and durability. This valve has a very quick opening time even for a large diameters of up to 80mm.

Various customizations are available for the valve as per customer requirements

*** Customized valve is available for higher pressures

SERVICES

AERODYNAMIC TESTING

CFD ANALYSIS

PRESSURE / VACUUM TESTING

Electronic components or other systems can be subjected to

high pressure or high vacuum depending on the requirement.

For high pressure testing, the maximum space of the test

chamber available is 0.5 m in diameter and 0.5 m in height.

Pressures up to 20 bar can be achieved. Virtually any gas or

liquid can be used as the working fluid for testing. For vacuum

tests, the maximum space available is 1 m diameter and 1 m

length. Sustained vacuum levels of 0.001 Pa can be attained.

CFD simulations using ANSYS Fluent of shock laden flows

including supersonic and hypersonic flows over simple

aerodynamic models. We specialize in simulations involving

shock tubes, explosions (simulating the pressure effects),

projectile acceleration, and conjugate heat transfer. A report

on the relevant parameters will be provided.

MACHSTAR provides services for aerodynamic testing of

models up to Mach numbers of 10. Surface pressure

distribution, discrete convective heat transfer, lift and drag

forces, pitching moments (along all three axes) are some of

the measurements that can be obtained. High resolution high-

speed schlieren images can also be acquired in these tests.

BIOLOGICAL TESTING

Microbiology assays – Quality testing of products by classical &

sophisticated techniques like PCR and Imaging. Microbial

contamination detection. Molecular Biology assays – qRT PCR

based assays to detect microbial strains. Gene expression

analysis. Tissue Culture based assays – Wide-range of cell lines

are used for drug and molecule testing. Anti-cancer drug

screening, growth factor development and validation.

SERVICES

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

PROJECTILE IMPACT ON SAMPLES

SHOCK IMPACT ON SAMPLES

Shock loading on specimens is relevant for qualifying certain

components for blast/explosion proof certification. We

provide services to load any specimen using shock tube with a

prescribed shock load (up to 80 bar) and decay time (from 4

milliseconds to 20 milliseconds). Shock conditions having a

longer duration (approx. 1 second) may be simulated upon

request using a combination of a shock tube and fast acting

valves. Impact on solid plates/structures for long durations

(>10 milliseconds) may also be conducted using a specialized

equipment, called BlaST (Blast loading using Shock Tube)

simulator

Impact studies are essential in material development studies

which involve high strain rate of loading. Projectiles of up to

50g can be launched onto the test specimen at speeds of up to

500 m/s. For lower velocity impacts, heavier masses, even up

to 1 kg may be launched. The diameter of the impactor can be

up to 135 mm. The 2D strains developed due to the high-speed

impact may be measured using a high-speed camera (up to

40,000 fps) and digital image correlation software.

We carry out ABAQUS/Explicit simulations involving high strain

rate deformation especially on blast loading of metallic and

concrete structures. General contact simulations, involving

collision/impact, liquid/structure impact can also be carried

out. The goal of these simulations is to provide key insights to

the engineer regarding optimizing the design of a structure

using simple models rather than going into the minutiae of the

mesh generation and other such details.

R&D PROJECTS

SHOCKWAVES IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND HEALTHCARE

MACHSTAR has been instrumental in developing shockwave-based applications in the field of

biology & medicine. Most of the devices being developed are undergoing clinical trials after great

success with extensive experiments in animal model. The devices will be ready for marketing

shortly.

The areas of current research are:

➢ Shockwave based needleless drug delivery device.

➢ Shockwave based non-invasive healing device.

➢ Shockwaves in reproductive medicine & urology.

➢ Shockwave therapy in dental medicine.

➢ Shockwave mediated lung-biofilm disruption.

➢ Cell transformation using shockwaves.

2nd day 70th day

WOUND HEALING

DRUG DELIVERY

DENTAL MEDICINE

CELL TRANSFORMATION

R&D PROJECTS

SHOCK WAVE-ASSISTED FRACKING TECHNOLOGY

MACHSTAR has performed significant research and development towards formulating innovative

technology to replace hydrofracking and to generate self-propping permanent fissures with the

use of shock waves in geoformation at 1.5 km depth. MACHSTAR has developed tools with

different working principles and has tested it in oil fields during its recently concluded project

with Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC).

The results have been very promising and presently MACHSTAR is working on optimizing and

standardizing the technology for the use in different oil field environments. Shockwave assisted

fracking technology is a green alternative to the existing methods of fracking with minimal

environmental impact. MACHSTAR is also exploring various routes to possible commercialization

of this technology.

R&D PROJECTS

BAMBOO TREATMENT USING SHOCKWAVES

Shock wave treatment of bamboo for preservative

impregnation is a radical improvement to reach the

final output within minutes of application. The

methodology entails immersing the bamboo in a

large tank (shock tube) of the preservative solution,

and then generating a shock wave in the liquid at

one end, which instantly forces the chemicals to

enter all the fibers of the wood. Depending on the

hardness and species of bamboo used, multiple

applications of the shock wave might be required.

MACHSTAR has developed and tested a setup for this

treatment along with the help of Maharashtra

Bamboo Development Board.

SHOCKWAVES FOR TEA PROCESSING

MACHSTAR has successfully developed a shockwave-based machinery to treat tea leaves to

improve the productivity and quality of tea. Two of these machines are currently processing

about 60,000 kg of tea per day during the trial period.

R&D PROJECTS

SHOCKWAVES IN MINING

In mines, explosives are used to generate the shock

waves to blast rocks into fragments. These fragments

are later transported to huge crushers followed by the

processes involved in the extraction of the ore. The

use of explosives, although economically very viable,

is not a preferred method for shock wave generation

in mines because of incidents involving smuggling of

these explosives for terrorist activities.

There is a need to replace use of explosives in the

mining industry with a technology that is safe and

secure. MACHSTAR has come up with an invention that

works on a completely green technology to perform

blasting operations in mines without the use of

explosives. Extensive field tests are being performed

using this technology.

MISCELLENEOUS PROJECTS

TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

TUMOR DISINTEGRATION QUANTUM DOTS

COFFEE PLANT BORER ERADICATION

OUR REACH

CLIENTS ARE USING OUR

PRODUCTS

PRODUCTS SOLD TO CUSTOMERS

WORLDWIDE

500+50+

OUR BUSINESSES

SRUSHTI ENGINEERING INNOVATIONS PVT. LTD.

SUPER-WAVE TECHNOLOGY PVT. LTD.

SHOCK FLUIDESIGN TECHNOLOGIES PVT. LTD.

Shock Fluidesign Technologies Private Limited was established

in 2018 for research and development in natural sciences,

medical sciences, agriculture and engineering and technology.

Currently, this company is focusing on rock blasting

techniques using shock waves.

Super-Wave Technology Private Limited has its focus on

developing novel shockwave based fracking tools and

associated techniques for the Oil and Natural Gas industry.

The company was established in 2013 by two eminent

professors from the Department of Aerospace Engineering,

Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. The company has

successfully concluded a joint R&D project with Oil and

Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC).

Srushti Engineering Innovations Private Limited, formerly

Srushti Education Systems Private Limited, came into

existence in 2014. The mission of this company is to bring

shock wave-based inventions to the class room to encourage

the future generations to enter the field of science and

technology. The company has also extended the scope of

shock wave applications to various fields such as biology,

electronics, civil engineering, nanoscience, genetic

engineering, biomedical engineering, veterinary etc.

CORPORATE OFFICE

#269, 5th main, 9th cross,

Tatanagar, Virupakshapura,

Kodigehalli,

Bengaluru 560 092

INDIA

WORKSHOP

#304/2, Shed K-1,

Seetharam Industrial Estate,

MES road, Jalahalli,

Bengaluru 560 013

INDIA

www.machstargroup.com

admin@machstargroup.com

+91 80 2341 2792

+91 80 2973 0187

EXTENDING

SHOCKWAVE TECHNOLOGY

TO ALL WALKS OF LIFE