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4) #ne of the follo&ing people set up a closed system to mimic arths early atmosphere and

discharged electrical spar's through it% $ variety of organic compounds common in organisms

&ere formed% 5ho did this6$) +tanley Miller

B) 7a'ob Ber3elius

C) riedrich 5ohlerD) 9ermann olbe

) $ugust e'ul:

$ns&er $

*opic Concept 4%"

+'ill no&ledge-Comprehension

;) 5hich of the follo&ing people used this apparatus to study formation of organic compounds6

$) +tanley Miller

B) 7a'ob Ber3elius


) $ugust e'ul:

$ns&er $*opic Concept 4%"


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) $ugust e'ul:

$ns&er C*opic Concept 4%"


=) 5hich of the follo&ing peoples synthesis of this compound from inorganic starting materials

provided evidence against vitalism6

$) +tanley MillerB) 7a'ob Ber3elius


) $ugust e'ul:

$ns&er C

*opic Concept 4%"+'ill no&ledge-Comprehension

8) 5hich of the follo&ing people synthesi3ed an organic compound, acetic acid, from inorganicsubstances that had been prepared directly from pure elements6

$) +tanley Miller

B) 7a'ob Ber3eliusC) riedrich 5ohler

D) 9ermann olbe

)$ugust e'ul:

$ns&er D

*opic Concept 4%"


/) 5hich of the follo&ing peoples synthesis of this compound from inorganic starting materials

provided evidence against vitalism6

$) +tanley MillerB) 7a'ob Ber3elius

C) riedrich 5ohler

D) 9ermann olbe) $ugust e'ul:

1

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$ns&er D


">) #ne of the follo&ing people &as the first to suggest that organic compounds, those found inliving organisms, &ere distinctly different from inorganic compounds found in the nonliving

&orld% *hough this suggestion is no& 'no&n to be incorrect, it stimulated important research

into organic compounds% 5ho suggested this6$) +tanley Miller

B) 7a'ob Ber3elius

C) riedrich 5ohler

D) 9ermann olbe) $ugust e'ul:

$ns&er B


"") 9o& many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell6

$) "

B) .C) 1

D) 4

) 8

$ns&er D

*opic Concept 4%.


".) $ carbon atom is most li'ely to form &hat 'ind of bond(s) &ith other atoms6

$) ionicB) hydrogen

C) covalent

D) $ and B only

) $, B, and C

$ns&er C

*opic Concept 4%.+'ill no&ledge-Comprehension

"1) 5hich of the follo&ing statements best describes the carbon atoms present in all organicmolecules6

$) *hey &ere incorporated into organic molecules by plants%

B) *hey &ere processed into sugars through photosynthesis%

C) *hey are ultimately derived from carbon dio2ide%D) #nly $ and C are correct%

) $, B, and C are correct%

4

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$ns&er


"4) 5hy are hydrocarbons insoluble in &ater6$) *he ma?ority of their bonds are polar covalent carbontohydrogen lin'ages%

B) *he ma?ority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbontohydrogen lin'ages%

C) *hey are hydrophilic%D) *hey e2hibit considerable molecular comple2ity and diversity%

) *hey are lighter than &ater%

$ns&er B*opic Concept 4%.


";) 9o& many structural isomers are possible for a substance having the molecular formulaC49">6

$) "B) .

C) 4

D) 1) ""

$ns&er B*opic Concept 4%.

+'ill $pplication-$nalysis

igure 4%"

"

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igure 4%.

"=) +ho&n here in igure 4%. are the structures of glucose and fructose% *hese t&o moleculesdiffer in the

$) number of carbon, hydrogen, and o2ygen atoms%

B) types of carbon, hydrogen, and o2ygen atoms%C) arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and o2ygen atoms%

D) number of o2ygen atoms ?oined to carbon atoms by double covalent bonds%

) ans&ers $, B, and C

$ns&er C

*opic Concept 4%.


"8) +ho&n here in igure 4%. are the structures of glucose and fructose% *hese t&o molecules are

$) geometric isotopes%B) enantiomers%

C) geometric isomers%

D) structural isomers%) nonisotopic isomers%

$ns&er D


"/) 5hich of the follo&ing statements correctly describes geometric isomers6$) *hey have variations in arrangement around a double bond%

B) *hey have an asymmetric carbon that ma'es them mirror images%

C) *hey have the same chemical properties%D) *hey have different molecular formulas%

) *heir atoms and bonds are arranged in different se@uences%

$ns&er $

*opic Concept 4%.

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igure 4%1

.>) *he t&o molecules sho&n in igure 4%1 are best described as

$) enantiomers%

B) radioactive isotopes%C) structural isomers%

D) nonisotopic isomers%

) geometric isomers%

$ns&er


.") Aesearch indicates that buprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mi2ture

of t&o enantiomers that is, molecules that$) have identical threedimensional shapes%

B) are mirror images of one another%

C) lac' an asymmetric carbon%D) differ in the location of their double bonds%

) differ in their electrical charge%

$ns&er B

*opic Concept 4%.


..) Aesearch indicates that $lbuterol, a drug used to rela2 bronchial muscles, improving airflo&

and thus offering relief from asthma, consists only of one enantiomer, the Aform% 5hy is it

important for this drug to consist of only one enantiomeric form, rather than a mi2ture ofenantiomers6

$) Different enantiomers may have different or opposite physiological effects%

B) t is impossible to synthesi3e mi2tures of enantiomers%C) t is much less e2pensive to synthesi3e one enantiomer at a time%

D) $lbuterol is an e2ample of a compound for &hich only one enantiomer e2ists%

) #nly the Aform of $lbuterol has been studied until more information is available,physicians prefer to use the pure Aform%

$ns&er $

*opic Concept 4%.

=

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.1) *hree or four of the follo&ing illustrations depict different structural isomers of the organiccompound &ith molecular formula C

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.4)

5hich of the pairs of molecular structures sho&n belo& depict enantiomers (enantiomeric forms)of the same molecule6

$)

B)

C)

D)

)

$ns&er D*opic Concept 4%.

+'ill +ynthesis-valuation

/

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.;) 5hich of the pairs of molecular structures sho&n belo& do #* depict enantiomers

(enantiomeric forms) of the same molecule6

$)

B)

C)

D)

)

$ns&er C

*opic Concept 4%.

+'ill +ynthesis-valuation

">

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.

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.=) *halidomide and Ldopa, sho&n belo&, are e2amples of pharmaceutical drugs that occur as

enantiomers, or molecules that

$) have identical threedimensional shapes%

B) are mirror images of one another%C) lac' an asymmetric carbon%

D) differ in the location of their double bonds%

) differ in their electrical charge%

$ns&er B


.8) $ compound contains hydro2yl groups as its predominant functional group% 5hich of the

follo&ing statements is true concerning this compound6$) t lac's an asymmetric carbon, and it is probably a fat or lipid%

B) t should dissolve in &ater%

C) t should dissolve in a nonpolar solvent%D) t &ont form hydrogen bonds &ith &ater%

) t is hydrophobic%

$ns&er B

*opic Concept 4%1


./) 5hich is the best description of a carbonyl group6

$) an o2ygen ?oined to a carbon by a single covalent bond

B) a nitrogen and t&o hydrogens ?oined to a carbon by covalent bondsC) a carbon ?oined to t&o hydrogens by single covalent bonds

D) a sulfur and a hydrogen ?oined to a carbon by covalent bonds

) a carbon atom ?oined to an o2ygen by a double covalent bond

$ns&er

*opic Concept 4%1


igure 4%4

1>) 5hat is the name of the functional group sho&n in igure 4%46$) carbonyl

".

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B) 'etone

C) aldehyde

D) carbo2yl) hydro2yl

$ns&er D*opic Concept 4%1


1") 5hich of the follo&ing contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, o2ygen, and hydrogen6

$) an alcohol such as ethanol

B) a monosaccharide such as glucose

C) a steroid such as testosteroneD) an amino acid such as glycine

) a hydrocarbon such as ben3ene

$ns&er D*opic Concept 4%1


1.) 5hich of the follo&ing is a false statement concerning amino groups6

$) *hey are basic in p9%B) *hey are found in amino acids%

C) *hey contain nitrogen%

D) *hey are nonpolar%

) *hey are components of urea%

$ns&er D

*opic Concept 4%1+'ill no&ledge-Comprehension

11) 5hich t&o functional groups are al&ays found in amino acids6$) 'etone and aldehyde

B) carbonyl and carbo2yl

C) carbo2yl and amino

D) phosphate and sulfhydryl) hydro2yl and aldehyde

$ns&er C*opic Concept 4%1


14) $mino acids are acids because they al&ays possess &hich functional group6

$) amino

B) carbonyl

C) carbo2ylD) sulfhydryl

) aldehyde

"1

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$ns&er C


1;) $ carbon s'eleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carbo2yl group% 5henplaced in &ater it

$) &ould function only as an acid because of the carbo2yl group%

B) &ould function only as a base because of the amino group%C) &ould function as neither an acid nor a base%

D) &ould function as both an acid and a base%

) is impossible to determine ho& it &ould function%

$ns&er D

*opic Concept 4%1

+'ill $pplication-$nalysis

1

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igure 4%;

18)

5hich of the structures is an impossible covalently bonded molecule6

$) $B) B

C) C

D) D)

$ns&er C


1/) 5hich of the structures contain(s) a carbo2yl functional group6$) $

B) B

C) C

D) C and ) none of the structures

$ns&er

*opic Concept 4%1


4>) n &hich of the structures are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds6

$) $

B) BC) C

D) C, D, and only) none of the structures

$ns&er

*opic Concept 4%1


*he follo&ing @uestions refer to the functional groups sho&n in igure 4%

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igure 4%

C8e 04 Test Bank

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