C4.1: Density Physical Science. C4.1 Density Supplies: A pencil and science notebook Standards: –...
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Transcript of C4.1: Density Physical Science. C4.1 Density Supplies: A pencil and science notebook Standards: –...
![Page 1: C4.1: Density Physical Science. C4.1 Density Supplies: A pencil and science notebook Standards: – 8a) Density is mass per unit volume – 8b) Calculate.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032309/56649d095503460f949dafee/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
C4.1: Density
Physical Science
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C4.1 Density
• Supplies: A pencil and science notebook• Standards: – 8a) Density is mass per unit volume– 8b) Calculate the density of substances from
measurements of mass and volume– 9f) Apply simple mathematic relationships to
determine a missing quantity
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C4.1 Density
• You will be taking notes using Cornell Notes format or Charting Notes format.
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C4.1 Density
• Definitions• Density: the mass of matter per unit volume;
density is typically expressed in units of grams per milliliter (g/mL), grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3), or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3).
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Density is a property of matter
• Population density?• Forest density?• Density of stars?• Air quality?
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Density in Physics• Density is a property
of matter, like color or size.
• Density is mass per unit volume.
• Given a cubic centimeter of – Steel– Water– Air
• Which has more mass?
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Units of density• Units are g/cm3
• Ratio means• 1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3
• Steel at 8.7 g/cm3 is 8,700 kg/m3 (multiply by 1000 and change units.)
• Oak at 600 kg/m3 is 0.60 g/cm3 (divide by 1000 and change units.)
• How does the density of oak compare to the density of water?
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Solving problems
• D=m/v
• Solve for m• Solve for v
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Solve it
• A stainless steel sphere has a mass of 25 grams and a volume of 3.2 cm3. What is the density of the sphere?
• A cube has a mass of 7.8 grams. The length of the sides of the cube is 1.2 cm. What is the density of the cube?
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Solve it, then compare
• Honey’s density is 1.4 g/cm3
• Write this as kg/m3
• Sandstone’s density is 20,280 kg/m3
• Write this as g/cm3
• Compare answers with with someone nearby.
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Density Samples
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Determining Density
• Use a balance to find the mass
• Use a graduated cylinder to find the volume (not a beaker – why?)
• D = mass/volume
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Using a graduated cylinder
• Read the mark at eye level
• Read volume at center of meniscus (ask your teacher!)
• 1 mL = 1 cm3
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Volume of solids
• Length X width X heights gives cubic centimeters
• What is the volume of a box that is 10” long, 5” wide, and 3” high?
• What is the volume of a box that is 2’ long, 1’ wide, and 9” high?
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More volumes, use 3.14 for π
• Sphere: V=(4/3)πr3
• What is the volume of a sphere with a radius of 2 cm?
• Cylinder: V=πr3h• What is the volume of a cylinder that is 10 cm
tall and has a radius of 3 cm?
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Irregular shapes• Volume by displacement of
fluid• Remember: 1 mL = 1 cm3
• Fill graduates cylinder with fluid to known level (50 mL)
• Carefully slide object down the side of the cylinder
• Compute the increase in the fluid height
• 82 mL - 50 mL = 32 mL• 32 mL = 32 cm3
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Compute this
• I fill a graduated cylinder with 50 mL of water.• I slip a stone into the cylinder and the water
raises to 62 mL.• What is the volume of the stone?
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Why density varies• Mass of each atom or
molecule that that makes up the substance – a calcium atom has more ‘stuff’ in it than an oxygen atom.
• How tightly the atoms are packed -- the atoms are closer together in diamond that in graphite, but both are carbon.
• (Except for water) solids are more dense than liquids
• Liquids are more dense than gases
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Ticket Out: Answer this
• Which has more mass, a pound of bricks or a pound of feathers?
• Which is more dense, a pound of bricks or a pound of feathers.