C ontrolled A ssessment U nit - CAU I nvestigative S kills A ssessment - ISA

Controlled Assessment Unit - CAUInvestigative Skills Assessment - ISA

• An ISA is the Controlled Assessment Unit for Science.

• It is worth 25% of your GCSE.

• There is no tier of assessment so grades range from U - A*.

• You only need to complete one ISA per GCSE but there are three available ISA’s for each GCSE.

• Each ISA is made up of 4 parts– Research– Section 1 exam– Practical– Section 2 exam

• ISA’s are done in lesson time and take approximately 7 lessons.

• Your best ISA grade will be the mark sent to the exam board.


1 • Introduce the context of the investigation

2 • Planning and preparation

3 • Complete the planning sheet and write a blank table

4 • ISA section 1 exam

5 • Practical

6 • Complete practical and draw a graph of your results

7 • ISA section 2 exam


Science A

BU1.3 Vitamin C

Hypothesis - ‘How much vitamin C is in food depends upon the time the food is cooked for.’

Suggested contexts - preparing diets for hospital patients or

malnourished people or showing household cooks how to retain

vitamins in cooked food

CU1.3 Carbonate Ores

Hypothesis - ‘The amount of carbonate in an ore sample can

be measured by adding hydrochloric acid to the sample

until it stops fizzing.’

Suggested contexts - where to locate a quarry to obtain ore from, or comparing ores to

determine the location likely to produce the most metal

PU1.3 Reflection

Hypothesis - ‘The angle of reflection depends upon the

angle of incidence’.

Suggested contexts - rear view mirrors in cars, or periscopes.


Additional Science

BU2.3 Field work

Investigate the effect of a physical factor that may

affect the growth of plants in their natural environment

Suggested contexts - differences between leaves of one species of

plant growing in different light intensities or the distribution of

Pleurococcus on trees

CU2.3 Electrolysis

Investigate a factor that may affect the mass of metal

deposited on the negative electrode during electrolysis

Suggested contexts - the electroplating of an object such as a

watch case, piece of car trim or mobile phone case

PU2.3 Resistance

Investigate a factor that may affect the resistance of a

filament bulb

Suggested contexts - filament lamps in homes, car headlamps or

torch bulbs


Biology

BU2.3 Field work

Investigate the effect of a physical factor that may

affect the growth of plants in their natural environment

Suggested contexts - differences between leaves of one species of

plant growing in different light intensities or the distribution of

Pleurococcus on trees

BU3.3a Stomata

Investigate a factor that may affect the number of stomata on leaf surfaces

Suggested contexts - why plants normally found in aquatic / marsh conditions do not survive in arid

conditions or why roses do not grow well in sandy soil

BU3.3b Sweat

Investigate a factor that may affect how quickly

sweating cools the body

Suggested contexts - the problem of overcooling on windy days or the

design of materials for use as clothing for athletes or for outdoor

activities


Chemistry

CU2.3 Electrolysis

Investigate a factor that may affect the mass of metal

deposited on the negative electrode during electrolysis

Suggested contexts - the electroplating of an object such

as a watch case, piece of car trim or mobile phone case

CU3.3a Sports Injury Pack

Investigate a factor that affects the change in temperature when

a salt is dissolved in water to produce an endothermic reaction

Suggested contexts - manufacturing cool packs for

sports injuries, or cooling packs for insulated food carriers

CU3.3b Titrations

Investigate a factor that affects the neutralisation of an acid

Suggested contexts - the use of antacids for indigestion

treatments, neutralisation of acid-rain polluted lakes


Physics

PU2.3 Resistance

Investigate a factor that may affect the resistance of a

filament bulb

Suggested contexts - filament lamps in homes, car

headlamps or torch bulbs

PU3.3a Transformers

Investigate a factor that may affect the potential difference across the secondary coil of

a transformer

Suggested contexts - transformers for doorbells, mobile phones or laptops

PU3.3b Electromagnets

Investigate a factor that may affect the strength of an

electromagnet

Suggested contexts - electromagnetic cranes,

relays or magnetic door bolts


Context:• Your teacher will describe the context in which the investigation is set.Relating the investigation to the context• Your teacher will describe the context in which the investigation is set.• You must research this context and write down how the results of your investigation might be useful, e.g. health and safety developments, energy efficiency, in industry, etc.


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• How could the results from your investigation be useful in the context that you have researched?

• You may use information from your Candidate Research Notes to help you to answer this question.

3 marks

Marks Guidance

0 No credit worthy response

1 An idea from the research has been related to the context

2An idea from the research has been related to the

context and there is a simple explanation of how the idea can be applied and used in the given context

3An idea from the research has been related to the context and there is a detailed explanation of how

this idea can be applied in the given context



An example of a good answer

An example of a poor answer


2 • Planning and preparation

Research:• Once you have been given the context of the investigation you will need to research:

–one or two possible methods of carrying out the investigation–the context that has been set –any health and safety issues with the method(s)

• These research notes must be written on the Candidate Research notes sheet provided by AQA• Your research should take no more than 3 hours, including homework. In an Additional Science ISA or Separate Science ISA you will also need to use some of this time to come up with a hypothesis.

• Your teacher will check your notes before you take the Section 1 exam to ensure you have not included an prohibited information.

Remember these are only supposed to be brief notes but they should include information on the factors such as the range, interval and number of repeat readings that you should take, and the variables that need to be controlled.


2 • Planning and preparationHypothesis:For a Science A ISA you will be given the hypothesisFor an Additional Science ISA you will need to come up with a hypothesis

Research sourcesList all of the sources you used to carry out your research, such as books, websites or CD-ROMs.Which source was the most useful and why?

Method(s)Briefly outline a possible method that could be used to collect useful data to investigate the hypothesis. Think about what you will change, what you will control and what you will measure.

EquipmentList all the equipment you would need for your method. Think about how you will set your investigation up and what you will need to measure. Select the most suitable equipment to do this.You may want to draw a diagram.

Risk assessment issuesRecord any possible hazards in each method, and the risks they present. Explain how you will reduce these.E.g. acid is an irritant and can cause holes in clothes. To reduce this risk I will wear goggles, wipe up spills and wash my hands.Relating the investigation to the contextYour teacher will describe the context in which the investigation is set. You must research this context and write down how the results of your investigation might be useful, e.g. health and safety developments, energy efficiency, in industry, etc.


Producing a blank table:• You will be required to independently produce a blank table for your results. • This is done under exam conditions once the research notes have been completed and before you sit your Section 1 exam

• The table should be able to accommodate everything that the you are going to measure and record during the investigation.

• The table should include appropriate headings and units.


Independent variable (units)

Dependent variable (units)

Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Mean

You may need to include additional information (e.g. start temp, end temp and

change in temp).

Marks Guidance

0

No table or a table with incomplete headings or units for the measured variables.

Fewer than half of the required elements are present.

1

A table with incomplete headings or units for the

measured variables.At least half of the required

elements should be present.

2Correct headings and units

present for all measured variables.



All these tables scored full marks


4 • ISA section 1 exam – Science A

Section 1 Exam:• Up to 45 minutes is allowed for this. • The test may be taken in the normal teaching room, provided that you can be accommodated in such a way as to prevent any copying or unauthorised collaboration. However the test will usually take place in the hall, dance studio or drama studio depending on their availability.

• If you normally have a reader, extra time, scribe etc. for exams then you will have the same arrangements made for the ISA exam.

• Section 1 of the ISA will contain questions about the methods that you have researched and is worth 20 marks of the overall 50 allocated to the Controlled Assessment.

• You may use your Candidate Research notes sheet, which you filled in during your research.

Section 1 Exam:There are normally 5 questions:1.Name two sources you used and analyse their usefulness

3 marks2.Name a control variable and outline a preliminary investigation to find a suitable value for this variable

3 marks3.Describe your plan

9 marks4.This question could be on a variety of different topics relating to the idea “what makes a good investigation” - some examples are given in this guide

3 marks5.Submit the blank table you have drawn for your results

2 marks


Research sources:• List all of the sources you used to carry out your research, such as books, websites or CD-ROMs.• Which source was the most useful and why?


Marks Guidance


1 Two relevant sources are identified

2 Two relevant sources are clearly identified and the usefulness of one of the sources is commented on

3Two relevant sources are clearly identified and the

usefulness of both sources is explained and a comparison made

Additional marking guidance:• A clearly identified source is referred to by title and author or

for websites at least the name of the website should be quoted• A clear comment on only one of the sources ay be sufficient to

gain 2 marks if the answer implies a comment on the other source.

• If candidates have taken part in peer discussion as part of their research, simply stating this is not sufficient to qualify for quoting a source. Similarly reference to their own notes or exercise book alone is insufficient.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• Think about the research that you did to find out how to test this hypothesis.

• Identify two sources that you used for your research.

• Which of these sources was the more useful? • Why was this source better than the other source?

3 marks


Method(s):• Briefly outline a possible method that could be used to collect useful data to investigate the hypothesis. Think about what you will change, what you will control and what you will measure.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• In this investigation, you will need to control some of the variables.

• Write down one variable that will need to be controlled.

• Describe briefly how you would do a preliminary investigation to find a suitable value to use for this variable.

• You should also explain how the results of this preliminary investigation will help you to decide on the best value for this variable.

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1 A suitable control variable is stated.

2

A suitable control variable is stated. Only one value to be investigated in the preliminary

experiment is suggested.The dependent variable is stated, but details concerning its measurement are incomplete.

3

A suitable control variable is stated.The limits of the range to be investigated in the

preliminary experiment are appropriate.A statement concerning how the dependent variable

values obtained could be used to determine the best value for the control variable has been made.


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• In this question you will be assessed on using good English, organising

information clearly and using specialist terms where appropriate.• From the research that you have done, describe in detail how you are

going to do your investigation.

• You should include: – the equipment that you plan to use –how you will use the equipment – the measurements that you are going to make –how you will make it a fair test –a risk assessment. 9 marks


0 marks 1, 2 & 3 marks 4, 5 & 6 marks 7, 8 & 9 marks

Equipment

No creditworthy

response

Some of the necessary equipment is stated. Most of the necessary equipment is stated. Most of the necessary equipment is stated.

MethodThe method described is weak but shows

some understanding of the sequence of an investigation.

The method described will enable valid results to be collected.


Measurements The measurements to be made are stated. The measurements to be made are stated and a at least one control variable is given.

The measurements to be made are stated and the significant control variables are clearly identified, with details of how they will be

monitored or controlled.

Risk assessment

An appropriate hazard is identified, but the corresponding risk assessment and control

measure is weak or absent.

Any significant hazards are identified, together with a corresponding control measure but the risk

assessment is weak or absent.

Any significant hazards are identified, together with an assessment of the associated risks and

corresponding control measures.

OrganisationThe answer is poorly organised, with almost

no specialist terms and little or no detail given.

The answer has some structure and organisation, use of specialist terms has been attempted but not always correctly, and some detail is given.

The answer is coherent and written in an organised, logical sequence, containing a range

of relevant specialist terms used correctly.

SPaG The answer shows very weak spelling, punctuation and grammar.

The answer shows reasonable spelling, punctuation and grammar although there may still

be some errors.

The answer shows almost faultless spelling, punctuation and grammar.



You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• In your research you will have found other methods you could have used

• Briefly outline one other method you could have used.

• Explain why you chose not to do this method3 marks


Marks Guidance


1

An alternative method is outlined briefly although some of the necessary steps may not be clear

ORA suggestion is given as to why this alternative method

would not have been as good as the one chosen

2


ORA suggestion is given as to why this alternative method would

not have been as good as the one chosen

3

An alternative method is outlined in sufficient detail so that the necessary steps are clear

ORA sensible explanation is given as to why this alternative method would not have been as good as the chosen one



You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• When you have completed your investigation, you will be asked to compare your results with others.

• Explain the advantages of comparing your results with the results of others.

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1Allows you to check your results

ORcalculate a more accurate mean

2

Enables you to check your results with those of others to see if there are any similarities or differences

ORWith more results you are able to calculate a more accurate

mean and minimize the effect of random errors

3



mean and minimize the effect of random errorsOR

Enables reproducibility to be confirmed


Risk assessment issues:• Record any possible hazards in each method, and the risks they present. Explain how you will reduce these.

• E.g. acid is an irritant and can cause holes in clothes. To reduce this risk I will wear goggles, wipe up spills and wash my hands.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• Think about the hazards in your investigation. • Describe one hazard in your investigation and say how you would reduce any risks.

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1An appropriate hazard is identified, but the corresponding risk assessment and control

measure is weak or absent

2Any significant hazards are identified, together with

a corresponding control measure but the risk assessment is weak or absent


an assessment of the associated risks and corresponding control measures










change in temp).

Marks Guidance

0



1







4 • ISA section 1 exam – Additional / Separate Science



• Section 1 of the ISA will contain questions about the methods that you have researched and is worth 20 marks of the overall 50 allocated to the Controlled Assessment.


Section 1 Exam:There are normally 5 questions:1.Write down and explain your hypothesis

3 marks2.Name two sources you used and analyse their usefulness

3 marks3.Describe your plan

9 marks4.This question could be on a variety of different topics relating to the idea “what makes a good investigation” - some examples are given in this guide

3 marks5.Submit the blank table you have drawn for your results

2 marks


Hypothesis:• For a Additional Science or Separates Science ISA you need to come up with your own hypothesis that fits the topic you have been asked to investigate

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• Write down your hypothesis• Explain why you made this hypothesis

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1There is a hypothesis that, by implication, identifies the independent and dependent variables, but there

is no explanation.

2There is a hypothesis that, by implication, identifies the independent and dependent variables, however,

the explanation for this hypothesis is unclear.

3There is a hypothesis that, by implication, identifies

the independent and dependent variables, The hypothesis is explained clearly.


Research sources:• List all of the sources you used to carry out your research, such as books, websites or CD-ROMs.• Which source was the most useful and why?


Marks Guidance


1 Two relevant sources are identified

2 Two relevant sources are clearly identified and the usefulness of one of the sources is commented on

3Two relevant sources are clearly identified and the

usefulness of both sources is explained and a comparison made

Additional marking guidance:• A clearly identified source is referred to by title and author or

for websites at least the name of the website should be quoted• A clear comment on only one of the sources ay be sufficient to

gain 2 marks if the answer implies a comment on the other source.

• If candidates have taken part in peer discussion as part of their research, simply stating this is not sufficient to qualify for quoting a source. Similarly reference to their own notes or exercise book alone is insufficient.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• Think about the research that you did to find out how to test this hypothesis.

• Identify two sources that you used for your research.

• Which of these sources was the more useful? • Why was this source better than the other source?

3 marks


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• In this question you will be assessed on using good English, organising

information clearly and using specialist terms where appropriate.• From the research that you have done, describe in detail how you are

going to do your investigation.

• You should include: – the equipment that you plan to use –how you will use the equipment – the measurements that you are going to make –how you will make it a fair test –a risk assessment. 9 marks


0 marks 1, 2 & 3 marks 4, 5 & 6 marks 7, 8 & 9 marks

Equipment

No creditworthy

response

Some of the necessary equipment is stated. Most of the necessary equipment is stated. Most of the necessary equipment is stated.

MethodThe method described is weak but shows

some understanding of the sequence of an investigation.



Measurements The measurements to be made are stated. The measurements to be made are stated and a at least one control variable is given.

The measurements to be made are stated and the significant control variables are clearly identified, with details of how they will be

monitored or controlled.

Risk assessment

An appropriate hazard is identified, but the corresponding risk assessment and control

measure is weak or absent.

Any significant hazards are identified, together with a corresponding control measure but the risk

assessment is weak or absent.

Any significant hazards are identified, together with an assessment of the associated risks and

corresponding control measures.

OrganisationThe answer is poorly organised, with almost

no specialist terms and little or no detail given.

The answer has some structure and organisation, use of specialist terms has been attempted but not always correctly, and some detail is given.

The answer is coherent and written in an organised, logical sequence, containing a range

of relevant specialist terms used correctly.

SPaG The answer shows very weak spelling, punctuation and grammar.

The answer shows reasonable spelling, punctuation and grammar although there may still

be some errors.

The answer shows almost faultless spelling, punctuation and grammar.



You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• In your research you will have found other methods you could have used

• Briefly outline one other method you could have used.

• Explain why you chose not to do this method3 marks


Marks Guidance


1


ORA suggestion is given as to why this alternative method

would not have been as good as the one chosen

2


ORA suggestion is given as to why this alternative method would

not have been as good as the one chosen

3

An alternative method is outlined in sufficient detail so that the necessary steps are clear

ORA sensible explanation is given as to why this alternative method would not have been as good as the chosen one



You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• When you have completed your investigation, you will be asked to compare your results with others.

• Explain the advantages of comparing your results with the results of others.

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1Allows you to check your results

ORcalculate a more accurate mean

2



mean and minimize the effect of random errors

3



mean and minimize the effect of random errorsOR

Enables reproducibility to be confirmed


Risk assessment issues:• Record any possible hazards in each method, and the risks they present. Explain how you will reduce these.

• E.g. acid is an irritant and can cause holes in clothes. To reduce this risk I will wear goggles, wipe up spills and wash my hands.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 1 exam:• Think about the hazards in your investigation. • Describe one hazard in your investigation and say how you would reduce any risks.

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1An appropriate hazard is identified, but the corresponding risk assessment and control

measure is weak or absent


a corresponding control measure but the risk assessment is weak or absent


an assessment of the associated risks and corresponding control measures










change in temp).

Marks Guidance

0



1







5 • Practical

Carrying out the practical:• You can use the method and results table you came up with in Section 1 but it is likely that you will be provided with a method to follow and results table to fill in so class results can be collected.

• There is no specified time limit for the practical work, although it is anticipated that most experiments should be capable of being completed within a one hour lesson.

• If necessary however, the experiment may be continued over a number of lessons. Any paperwork, e.g. result tables, will be collected in at the end of the first lesson, and returned to the you at the start of the next lesson.

• All results will be pooled together in the second lesson so everyone has a class set of results.

Categoric data:• Categoric values have values that are labels. E.g. names of plants or types of material.

• You would normally use a bar chart to represent this data.

Continuous data:• Continuous values can have values (called a quantity) that can be given a magnitude either by counting (as in the case of number of shrimp) or by the measurement (e.g. light intensity, flow rate etc.)

• You would normally use a line graph to represent this data.


Producing a graph or bar chart:• You will be required to draw a graph or bar chart of your results


Marks Answer Additional guidance

1

X axis: suitable scales chosen and

labelled with quantity and units.

Scale should be such that the plots occupy at least one third of each axis.

Accept axes reversed.

1

Y axis: suitable scales chosen and


It may not always be necessary to show the origin.

1Points or bars

plotted correctly to within ± 1 mm.

Allow one plotting error out of each 5 points/bars plotted.

1

Suitable line drawn on graph or bars correctly labelled

on bar chart.

Allow error carried forward from incorrect points.If wrong type of graph / chart, maximum 3 marks.If the independent variable is:• categoric, a bar chart should be drawn• continuous, a best fit line should be

drawnN.B. If no line is possible because there is no correlation, candidates should state this on the graph to gain the mark

Dep

ende

nt v

aria

ble

(uni

ts)


Title:• This should describe what your graph shows

Line of best fit:• This goes roughly through the middle of all the

scatter points on a graph. The closer the points are to the line of best fit the stronger we can say the correlation is.

• It can be a curve.

Anomalous results:• Put a ring round any outliers to show you know they

do not if the pattern.

Jagged line:• These indicate a broken scale. A broken scale is

used when values close to 0 are not required.



All these graphs scored full marks





• Section 1 of the ISA will contain questions concerning conclusions and evaluation and is worth 30 marks of the overall 50 allocated to the Controlled Assessment.


• You will also be given a data sheet with 4 case studies.

Section 2 Exam:There are normally 4 questions, some of these questions are made up of more than one part:1.Analyse and evaluate your results

a) What were the variables in the investigation you did?

b) - e) These questions are on a variety of topics and may vary in number from ISA to ISA

2.Analyse and evaluate the data given in the case studiesa) Sketch graphb) Explain whether or not the results on the

Secondary data sheet support the given hypothesis

c) Analysis of Case Study 4This is only a guide there may be more questions based on

the case studies3.How could the results from your investigation be useful in

the context that you have researched? 3 marks

4.Submit the graph or bar chart you have drawn of your results

4 marks


Variables:• These are physical, chemical or biological quantities or characteristics

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• What were the variables in the investigation that you did?

• The independent variable was • The dependent variable was • One control variable was

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1 Any one variable correctly identified

2 Any two variables correctly identified

3 Any three variables correctly identified

State, give, name, write down:• Only a short answer is required, not an explanation or a description. Often it can be answered with a single word, phrase or sentence.

• If the question asks the you to state, give, or write down one (or two etc) examples, they should write down only the specified number of answers, or they may lose marks for any wrong examples given.


Resolution:• This is the smallest change in quantity being measured (input) of a measuring instrument that gives a perceptible change in the reading.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• Think about the way in which you took your measurements.

• Resolution means the smallest scale division on the measuring instrument that you were using.

• What was the resolution of your measurement for…

• Do you think that this resolution was appropriate for this investigation?

• Explain your answer3 marks


Explain:• You should make something clear, or state the reasons for something happening.

• The points in the answer must be linked coherently and logically.• The answer should not be a simple list of reasons.

Marks Guidance


1A correct value for the resolution is given

ORA sensible but incorrect value is given for the resolution, with a correct statement appropriate to the resolution they have given.


ORA correct statement as to whether or not the resolution was

appropriate is given, but the explanation is not clear


ORA correct statement as to whether or not the resolution was

appropriate is given with a clear explanation


Repeatable:• A measurement is repeatable if the original experimenter repeats the investigation using the same method and obtains the same results.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• Look at your results.• Did you repeat any of the results in your investigation?

• Explain why you did or did not repeat any of your results.

• You explanation should include examples from your results.

3 marks




Marks Guidance


1There is a correct statement regarding whether or not any measurements

were repeatedThere is mention of the presence or absence or anomalous results


were repeatedThere is reference to either anomalous results or to systematic or random

uncertainties


were repeated and a clear indication of which results were repeatedThere is reference to either anomalous results or to systematic or random

uncertainties, and the effects that these would cause


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• In your investigation you changed the

concentration / mass of X.• What was the range of this variable?

Give the units.• The range was from ……… to ………• If you had been able to use another

value of this variable, either within or outside this range what value would you have chosen?

• Give a reason for your answer3 marks


Marks Guidance


1At least one end of the range is correctly stated.

Another value of the independent variable is suggested, although it may not be appropriate.

2

The range is correctly stated, according to the candidate’s own results.

Another appropriate value of the independent variable is suggested.The reason for the additional value is unclear or inappropriate.

3

The range is correctly stated, according to the candidate’s own results.

Another appropriate value of the independent variable is suggested.The reason for the additional value is clear and appropriate.

Range:• The maximum and minimum values of

the independent or dependent variables; important in ensuring that any pattern is detected.

Explain:• You should make something clear, or state the reasons for something happening.• The points in the answer must be linked coherently and logically.• The answer should not be a simple list of reasons.


Hypothesis:• A proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• The hypothesis that you were given before you started the investigation was …

• Do your results support this hypothesis?

• Explain your answer.3 marks


Marks Guidance


1 A simple correct statement is made as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis with an attempt at an explanation

2A simple correct statement is made as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis and an explanation that includes a simple description of a

correctly identified pattern or lack of pattern

3A simple correct statement is made as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis and an explanation that includes a detailed description of a

correctly identified pattern or lack of pattern.




Reproducible:• A measurement is reproducible if the investigation is repeated by another person, or by using equipment or techniques, and the same results are obtained.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• You have been given a set of results obtained by other people.

• Do these results other results show that this investigation is reproducible?

• Explain your answer using examples from the results.

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1 A simple statement is made as to whether or not the pattern of the other results is similar to the candidate’s results

2

A simple statement is made as to whether or not the pattern of the other results is similar to the candidate’s results and an

explanation is provided using either an example from the other results or a correctly identified pattern

3

A simple statement is made as to whether or not the pattern of the other results is similar to the candidate’s results and a detailed

explanation is provided using either; two examples from the other results or a correctly identified and described pattern in the

results




You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• If you were to repeat your experiment, would you make any changed to your method?

• Explain why you would or would not make any changes, using examples from your results.

3 marks





Marks Guidance


1 Simple appropriate suggestion given as to why changes would be made

2 Simple appropriate suggestion given as to why changes would be made together with examples quoted from the results

3Simple appropriate suggestion given as to why changes would be made together with examples quoted from the results plus an explanation of why these changes would improve the results


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• You have been given a Secondary Data Sheet that provides results from similar investigations.

• Draw a sketch graph of the results in Case Study 1. 3 marks


Sketch graph:• A line graph, not necessarily on a grid, that shows the general shape of the relationship between two variables. It will not have any points plotted and although the axes should be labelled they may not be scaled.


• The points in the answer must be linked coherently and logically.

• The answer should not be a simple list of reasons.

Marks Guidance


1 Both axes labelled with the variables and units

2 Both axes labelled with the variables and units and an appropriate line drawn


Data:• Information, either qualitative or quantitative, that has been collected.

You may also be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam• Explain whether or not the results on the Secondary Data Sheet support the hypothesis you were given.

• To gain full marks your explanation should include appropriate examples from the results in Case studies 1, 2 and 3.

3 marksYou may also be asked a similar question on a Additional Science or Separate Science ISA


Marks Guidance


1A clear statement is made that Case study 1 supports the

hypothesis and a simple correct statement is made about one of the other case studies

2

A clear statement is made that Case study 1 supports the hypothesis and correct statements are made about both Case

studies 2 and 3 supported by a more detailed explanation of one of them.

3

A clear statement is made that Case study 1 supports the hypothesis and correct statements are made about both Case

studies 2 and 3 supported by a more detailed explanation of both of them.

Explain• You should make something clear, or state the reasons for something happening.



Relationship:• When one variable has an effect on another variable

You may also be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam• Use Case Study 4 to answer the question.

• What is the relationship between X and Y?

• Explain how well the information in Case Study 4 supports your answer.

3 marksThe content of the question and mark scheme will vary depending on the ISA.


Marks Guidance


1 There is a statement that the higher the specific heat capacity the smaller the temperature rise produced in the substance

2There is a statement that the higher the specific heat capacity the

smaller the temperature rise produced in the substance and some data is quoted to support this

3

There is a statement that the higher the specific heat capacity the smaller the temperature rise produced in the substance and some data

is quoted to support thisThere is a realisation that any discerned relationship can only be an approximation using the data in the table, as the data contains some

anomalies

Explain;• You should make something clear, or state the reasons for something happening.



Valid conclusion:• A conclusion supported by valid data, obtained from an appropriate experimental design and based on sound reasoning.

You may also be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam• Look at Case Study 4. • A X who saw the results advised …

• Do you agree with this advice? • Explain your answer.

3 marksThe context of the question and mark scheme will vary depending on the ISA.


Marks Guidance


1A comment is made as to whether the advice is supported or not

There is a simple statement that uses information from the graph to support the comment

2A comment is made as to whether the advice is supported or not

There is a statement that uses information from the graph to support the commentA clear advantage of using “Ger-off” or a clear disadvantage of using “Ger-off” is

stated

3

A comment is made as to whether the advice is supported or notThere is a statement that uses information

from the graph to support the commentA clear advantage of using “Ger-off” and a clear disadvantage of using “Ger-off” is

stated

Explain;• You should make something clear, or state the reasons for something happening.




You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• Look at Case Study 4. • To what extent do the results support the hypothesis you were given?

3 marksThe context of the mark scheme will vary depending on the ISA.


Marks Guidance


1 Increasing the mass of aggregate increases the force needed to break the beam initially, but the strength then declines as more aggregate is added.

2

Increasing the mass of aggregate increases the force needed to break the beam initially, but the strength then declines as more aggregate is added.

The maximum strength of the beam is quoted.OR

A comment is made regarding the difference in gradient of the graph before and after the peak.

3

Increasing the mass of aggregate increases the force needed to break the beam initially, but the strength then declines as more aggregate is added.

The maximum strength of the beam is quoted.AND

A comment is made regarding the difference in gradient of the graph before and after the peak.








3 marks

Marks Guidance











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1Points or bars



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• Section 1 of the ISA will contain questions concerning conclusions and evaluation and is worth 30 marks of the overall 50 allocated to the Controlled Assessment.


• You will also be given a data sheet with 4 case studies.

Section 2 Exam:There are normally 4 questions, some of these questions are made up of more than one part:1.Analyse and evaluate your results

a) Do your results support your hypothesis?b) - e) These questions are on a variety of topics

and may vary in number from ISA to ISA

2.Analyse and evaluate the data given in the case studiesa) Sketch graphb) Explain whether or not the results on the

Secondary data sheet support the given hypothesis

c) Analysis of Case Study 4This is only a guide there may be more questions based on

the case studies3.How could the results from your investigation be useful in

the context that you have researched? 3 marks

4.Submit the graph or bar chart you have drawn of your results

4 marks


You may also be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam• Do your results support the hypothesis that you investigated?

• You should use any pattern that you can see in you results to support your answer.

• You should include examples from your results

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1 A simple correct statement is made as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis with an attempt at an explanation

2A simple correct statement is made as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis and an explanation that includes a simple

description of a correctly identified pattern or lack of pattern

3A simple correct statement is made as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis and an explanation that includes a detailed

description of a correctly identified pattern or lack of pattern.





Anomalous:• A result that does not fit into a common, familiar, or expected type or pattern

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• Did you get any anomalous results?

• Explain your answer. • Your explanation should include examples from your results.

3 marks




Marks Guidance


1 There is a correct statement as to whether or not there are any anomalous results

2There is a correct statement as to whether or not there are any anomalous results and a statement or implication that anomalous results are ones that do not fit the

pattern.

3

There is a correct statement as to whether or not there are any anomalous results and a statement or implication that anomalous results are ones that do not fit the

pattern.Some examples from the results are given to support this, eg by specifying results

that are considered to be anomalous or by referring to the fact that, eg all results are very close to a line of best fit.


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• Reproducibility is important in experiments.

• Do you think that your results are reproducible by other people?

• Use examples from your results to explain the reason for your answer.

3 marks


Reproducible:• A measurement is reproducible if the investigation is repeated by another person, or by using equipment or techniques, and the same results are obtained.



Marks Guidance


1 A statement is made as to whether or not the results are likely to be reproducible, with a reason stated.

2 A statement is made as to whether or not the results are likely to be reproducible, with a reason stated and an explanation is given.

3

A statement is made as to whether or not the results are likely to be reproducible, with a reason stated and an explanation is given. There is a detailed explanation supported by at least one example

from the results .


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• Describe in detail how you could use repeated readings to obtain more accurate results.

3 marks



Explain:• You should recall some facts, events or process in an accurate way - for example an experiment you have done.

• You may need to give an account of what something looked like, or what happened, eg a trend in some data.

Accuracy:• A measurement result is considered accurate if it is judged to be close to the true value.

Marks Guidance


1 A statement is made that a mean should be calculated.

2 A statement is made that a mean should be calculated by adding the results together and dividing by the number of values.

3

A statement is made that a mean should be calculated, by adding the results together and dividing by the number of values.

A statement is made that either anomalous results are discarded before calculating a mean or a graph is plotted and a best fit line

is drawn ignoring anomalous points


Range:• The maximum and minimum values of the independent or dependent variables; important in ensuring that any pattern is detected.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:What was the independent variable in the investigation that you did? What was the range of the independent variable? The range was from ……… to ………Explain why this was or was not a suitable range.

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1At least one end of the range is correctly stated

Another value of the independent variable is suggested, although it may not be appropriate

2The range is correctly stated, according to the candidate’s own results

Another appropriate value of the independent variable is suggestedThe reason for the additional value is unclear or inappropriate

3The range is correctly stated, according to the candidate’s own results

Another appropriate value of the independent variable is suggestedThe reason for the additional value is clear and appropriate




Resolution:• This is the smallest change in quantity being measured (input) of a measuring instrument that gives a perceptible change in the reading.

You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• Resolution refers to the smallest scale division of a measuring instrument.

• What was the resolution of the device that you used to measure the timing of the reaction?

• Do you think that this resolution was appropriate for this measurement?

• Explain your answer. 3 marks




Marks Guidance



ORA sensible but incorrect value is given for the resolution, with a correct statement appropriate to the resolution they have given.


ANDA correct statement as to whether or not the resolution was

appropriate is given, but the explanation is not clear


ANDA correct statement as to whether or not the resolution was

appropriate is given with a clear explanation


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:Most investigations contain errors or uncertainties. What do you think was the cause of the largest error or uncertainty in your investigation? What you could do to reduce the size of this error if you were to repeat the investigation? Explain your answer.

3 marks


Uncertainty:• The interval within which the true value can be expected to lie, within a given level of confidence or probability.



Marks Guidance


1 There is a statement as to the possible cause of the largest error.

2There is a statement as to the possible cause of the largest error. An appropriate suggestion is made regarding how the size of this

error might be reduced.

3

There is a statement as to the possible cause of the largest error. An appropriate suggestion is made regarding how the size of this error might be reduced. together with an explanation regarding how the suggestion might lead to a reduction in the size of the

error.


You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• You have been given a Secondary Data Sheet that provides results from similar investigations.

• Draw a sketch graph of the results in Case Study 1. 3 marks


Sketch graph:• A line graph, not necessarily on a grid, that shows the general shape of the relationship between two variables. It will not have any points plotted and although the axes should be labelled they may not be scaled.


• The points in the answer must be linked coherently and logically.

• The answer should not be a simple list of reasons.

Marks Guidance


1 Both axes labelled with the variables and units

2 Both axes labelled with the variables and units and an appropriate line drawn


You may also be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam• X investigates the following hypothesis …

• Explain whether or not the results in Case Studies 1, 2 and 3 support this hypothesis.

• To gain full marks your explanation should include appropriate examples from the results in Case studies 1, 2 and 3.

3 marks


Marks Guidance


1A simple correct statement is made about at least two of the

Case Studies 1, 2 and 3, as to whether or not they support the hypothesis.

2 Correct statements are made Case Studies 1, 2 and 3, supported by a more detailed explanation of one of them.

3Correct statements are made Case Studies 1, 2 and 3,

supported by a more detailed explanation of both Case Studies 2 and 3.






You may be asked a question similar to this in the section 2 exam:• Look at Case Study 4.

• To what extent do the results shown support the manufacturer's hypothesis?

• Explain your answer. 3 marks


Marks Guidance


1There is a simple statement saying whether or not the results in Case study 4

support the manufacturer's hypothesis and this is supported by some qualitative information quoted.

2There is a simple statement saying whether or not the results in Case study 4

support the manufacturer's hypothesis and this is supported by some quantitative information quoted.

3

There is a simple statement saying whether or not the results in Case study 4 support the manufacturer's hypothesis and this is supported by some

quantitative information quoted. There is also a statement that makes clear the limitations of the data in

supporting the hypothesis.

Explain:• You should make something clear, or state the reasons for something happening.• The points in the answer must be linked coherently and logically.• The answer should not be a simple list of reasons.






3 marks

Marks Guidance











1





1




1Points or bars



1


on bar chart.



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C ontrolled A ssessment U nit - CAU I nvestigative S kills A ssessment - ISA

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