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1.1 Observing Living Things

• Living things can survive in almost any kind of environment.

• Living things have features that help them survive.

• For example,hummingbirdscan beat their wings up to80 times per second, allowingthem to hover and changedirection rapidly.

• All living things have needs thatmust be met if they are to survive.

See pages 8 - 9

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Characteristics of Living Things

• There are 5 characteristics of living things: Living things respond to their environment Living things need energy Living things grow Living things reproduce Living things must get ridof waste

See page 10

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Examining Very Small Living Things

• The microscope is used by scientists to observe very small unicellular and multicellular living things.

• Early microscopes were built in the late 1600’s.

• Anton van Leeuwenhoek was oneof the first people to build amicroscope.

• He could magnify up to 250x, andused it to observe microscopicliving things.

See page 11Water flea (Daphnia)

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Compound Light Microscope

See pages 12-13

• The compound light microscope hastwo sets of lenses that magnify an image.

• Each of the objective lenses has adifferent magnification power. Low power = 4x objective Med power = 10x objective High power = 40x objective

• Multiply the objective by theeyepiece for total magnification. Example: High Power = 40 x 10 = 400 x

Do you know all the compound microscope parts?

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Resolving Power

• The ability to distinguish between two dots or objects that are very close together is called resolving power.

See page 14

• The human eye has a certain resolving power. You can see the individual dots in diagrams A, B and C. The human eye does not have the resolving power to see the dots in diagram D. Can you think of ways to increase

resolving power? Take the Section 1.1 Quiz