By Sam and Kyla

February 27, 2013

Russia

http://www.lonelyplanet.com/maps/europe/russia/

Russia•Russia can also be called the Russian Federation 1 , during the times of war, it was known as the Soviet Union.•The capital city is Moscow which is also the largest city. 1 •Located in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia 1 •Largest country in the world with a population of 142,905,200 1 •“Russia is a federation and semi-presidential republic. The President is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government.” 1

• The only official language spoken in Russia is Russian 1

Russia is well known for…•Dmitri Mendeleev created the first version of the periodic table of elements 2

• On February 15, 2013 a 10,000 pound meteorite hit Russia 3

•The 2014 Winter Olympic Games set to take place in Sochi Russia• Vodka: The first production of vodka was in Moscow in the 15th century 4

• Long lasting and cold winters 5

• Their role against Germany in World War II 10

Most Common Foods•Vodka: best when drank fresh out of the freezer followed by toast with caviar, pickles, or onions. 4

•The essential components of Russian food are the ones that have more carbohydrates and fat. 5

• Fresh fruits and vegetables are rarely used when cooking 5 •The main components of a Russian meal are: potatoes, bread, eggs, meat (especially beef) and butter. 5 •“Other popular foods include cabbage, milk, sour cream, curds, mushrooms, lard, cucumbers, tomatoes, apples, berries, honey, sugar, salt, garlic, and onions.” 5

• Borshch: beet soup 7

•Ikra: served with Blini (crepes) 7

•Pirozhki: buns stuffed with meat 6

•Hvorost: Deep fried Pastries 6

•Julieene: Mushrooms in sour cream and bacon casserole 6

Traditional Clothing•“Kokoshnik”: woman's head-dress 8 •Men wear fine linen “rubashka” which is a type of shirt 8

•The “sarafan” is a traditional dress of women with exclusive embroidery in brocade and silk. 8 •“Russian shawl: the Orenburg goat down shawls and the Pavlovo Posad (100% woolen) shawls.” 8

•Russian clothing represents traditional folk art and the spirit of the culture of Russia. 8

•“Traditional Russian clothing is designed to highlight the inner dignity and emotional restraint of every woman”. 8 •The traditional Russian costumes are convenient, being specially created for work. 8

•There are a variety of colors used in the traditional costumes which display ethnic diversity . The Russian word for "beautiful" comes from "krasny", which is Russian for "red.” 8

•There is a distinct difference in the color and theme preference of the Russian men and women; women like to flaunt bright colors whereas men prefer sober, earthy tones to keep the calm look. 8 •Many Russians find black and white being very elegant. 8

•“The Russians wear different colors on occasions too; however the colors they choose seem to tell of their lifestyle.” 8 The colors often seen on Russian men and women tell of their occupation and lifestyle. For example, they often wear dark colors if they work in the mud or in a dusty environment. 8

•“When it comes to shocking and deep shades, only the Russians know how to flaunt them. They use a lot of wool and linen, furs.” 8

http://www.rusclothing.com/traditional-russian/dresses/n--woman-dress-elena/

Religion• 75% of the country is made up of orthodox Christianity 1

• Islam occupies 5% of the religion 1

• Catholicism, Protestantism, Judaism and Buddhism approximately 1%. 1 •Other miscellaneous religious denominations represent 1% of the population 1

• There are 8% that consider themselves atheists. 1

Interesting Facts

• Life expectancy for men is 59 and 73 for women 1 • Currency: Ruble/rouble. One rouble is divided into 1000 kopecks 1 • 1 Canadian Dollar equals 30 roubles. 1 • Official colors are white blue and red as displayed on the flag 1

Health Practices•“Basic medical care is available to most of the population free of cost, but its quality is extremely low by Western standards” 9

•The decline in health can be because of environmental and social factors such as; air and water pollution, contamination (from nuclear accidents or improper disposal of radioactive materials), overcrowded living conditions, poor nutrition, alcoholism, smoking, and a lack of modern medical equipment and technology 9

•“The state fund covers a basic healthcare package; however citizens who can afford private insurance can ensure that they receive the best medical care available. Private medical services include treatment by specialists, hospitalisation, prescriptions, pregnancy and childbirth and rehabilitation” 11

•Hospital conditions are bad. It is estimated that over one third of the country's hospitals and clinics with no hot water, or even no water at all. Some clinics and hospitals are not linked to a waste disposal. 11

•Infection rates of patients are high because some staff members do not wash their hands, and the surgical areas are not up to the infection control standards as we have here in Canada 11 •Hospital room quality depends on insurance coverage 11

•Patients must sometimes buy their own drugs, from the doctors. 11

•The waiting lists for hospital admissions are extremely long, which is also a common problem in Canada 11

•“Russian citizens are all untitled to free healthcare from the state but most doctors will ask for extra payment or take a bribe for their services because medical professionals are often very poorly paid.” 11

Dental Care•Most people cannot afford to get dental work done in Russia because it is very expensive and they must pay for all treatment including check-ups our of their own pocket 11

•In the Russian language zubnoiy vratch means ‘tooth doctor’. 11 •Many Russian dental offices are not owned by dentists but by business people looking to make profit.•“Top shelf dentistry” is still only in the reach of those who have money 12

•“The concept of healthier mouths is becoming a widespread desire of the younger population. Thus Russian dentistry is being dragged into the 21st century.” 12

•“Fluoride in the water is still viewed with some skepticism. In the 60's some thought fluoride in the drinking water was a Communist plot against America to weaken the population. Some Russian dentists claim that fluoride makes their teeth turn brown. But the government funds the fluoridation of milk. 12

•In 1991 the average 35-year-old person had 12-14 cavities 12

Dental Care Compared to Canada

•Dental care is expensive both in Russia and in Canada, however in Russia patients are expected to pay out of pocket with no insurance whereas some Canadians can get insurance 12

•Russia is just starting to enter 21st century dentistry where as Canada has been advancing in dentistry for many years now. “But in recent years the dental market has taken off. Private dental clinics in large cities like Moscow have new equipment surpassing the quality of the under-funded municipal clinics” 12

•“In 1994 a 12-year-old had an average of four cavities. Since the fluoride campaign there it has been noted that in 2004 the number of cavities had dropped to 1.5. In the United States in comparison, has nearly 60% of those aged 6 to 19 who have never had a cavity”

Education & Jobs

• There are only 18 dental hygiene schools, in a country with nearly 142 million inhabitants

13 •There are approximately 3.500 working dental hygienists, most of them women 13 •Cost of DH school: 2 year course 8700 euros, 3 year course 12700 Euros 13

Any Questions???

References1. Fast Facts About Russia [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from:

http://masterrussian.com/russia/facts.htm2. Dmitri Mendeleev [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from:

http://www.chemistry.co.nz/mendeleev.htm3. David, L. Russian Meteor Fallout: What to Do Next Time? [updated 2013 Feb 26; cited

2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.space.com/19966-russian-meteor-asteroid-deflection-options.html

4. Russian Vodka: History of Vodka [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: www.russianvodka.com/history_of_vodka.htm

5. Russian Food & Cuisine - Everything about Traditional Food in Russia and Authentic Russian Recipes [Internet] [updated 2009 Jul 31; cited 2013 Feb 26 ]. Available from: http://www.waytorussia.net/WhatIsRussia/RussianFood.html

6. Everyday Russian Food [Internet] [updated 2013 Feb 10; cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://everydayrussian.com/

7. Kubilius, K. Russian Traditional Foods [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://goeasteurope.about.com/od/russia/a/Russianfood.htm

8. Russian Clothing [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry- article/13/1299/russian-clothing1.asp

9 Health [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://countrystudies.us/russia/53.htm

10. World War 2: Eastern Front [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.history.co.uk/explore-history/ww2/eastern-front.html

11. Healthcare In Russia [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.europe-cities.com/en/633/russia/health/

12. The Dawn of Dentistry in Russia [Internet] 2008 Mar 2; cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.fauchard.org/dentalworld/08-mar-apr/the-dawn-of-dentistry-in-russia.html

13. Dental Hygienists in Russia [Internet] 2011 Dec; cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.efp.org/education/dental-hygienist/dental-hygiene-associations/russia.pdf

14. Tver State Medical Academy [Internet] 2013 [cited 2013 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.tsmaonline.ru/fees.php