By: Ruby Peña. It is the… The medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social...
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Transcript of By: Ruby Peña. It is the… The medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social...
By: Ruby Peña
Chivalry and Courtly lovein the Middle Ages:
It is the…The medieval knightly system with its religious, moral,
and social code. the combination of qualities expected of an ideal knight,
esp. courage, honor, courtesy, justice, and a readiness to help the weak.
The word chivalry comes from the Frenchchevalier, meaning “horseman” or “knight.”synonyms: knight errantry courtly manners knightliness courtliness nobility; bravery, courage, boldness, valor heroism daring, intrepidity.
What is Chivalry?
Chivalry was a system of ethical ideals
developed among the knights of medieval
Europe. Arising out of the feudalism of the
period, it combined military virtues with those of Christianity, as epitomized by the Arthurian Legend in England.
Chivalry was the code of conduct by which knights were supposedly guided.
Chivalry Cont.
A knight was expected to have not only the strength and skills to face combat in the violent era of the Middle Ages but was also expected to temper this aggressive side with a chivalrous side to his nature. The ideals described in the Code of Chivalry were emphasized by the oaths and vows that were sworn in the Knighthood ceremonies of the Middle Ages and the Medieval era. These sacred oaths of combat were combined with the ideals of chivalry and with strict rules of etiquette and codes of conduct towards women.
~The Knight's Code of Chivalry~
Code of Chivalry - The Song of Roland
A Code of Chivalry was
documented in an epic poem
called 'The Song of Roland'.
The 'Song of Roland' describes
the 8th century Knights of the
Dark Ages and the battles
fought by the Emperor
Charlemagne. The code has
since been described as
Charlemagne's Code of
Chivalry. The Song of Roland
was written between 1098-
1100 and described the
betrayal of Count Roland at
the hand of Ganelon. Roland
was a loyal defender of his
liege Lord Charlemagne and
his code of conduct became
understood as a code of
chivalry. The Code of Chivalry
described in the Song of
Roland and an excellent
representation of the Knights
Codes of Chivalry.
Of the seventeen entries in the
Code of Chivalry described in
the Song of Roland, at least
twelve of the codes relate to
acts of chivalry as opposed to
acts of combat.
• To fear God and maintain His Church
• To serve the liege lord in valour and faith
• To protect the weak and defenceless
• To give succour to widows and orphans
• To refrain from the wanton giving of offence
• To live by honour and for glory
• To despise pecuniary reward
• To fight for the welfare of all
• To obey those placed in authority
• To guard the honour of fellow knights
• To eschew unfairness, meanness and deceit
• To keep faith • At all times to speak the
truth• To persevere to the end
in any enterprise begun• To respect the honour of
women• Never to refuse a
challenge from an equal• Never to turn the back
upon a foe
The origins of Courtly Love were believed to be in Aquitaine in France in the 12th century and spread to other European countries. The art of courtly love was practiced in English courts from the 1300's to the 1500's. During this period of time marriages were arranged and had little to do with love. A successful marriage was perceived as one that brought material advantages to the participants and their families. As love was clearly unrelated to marriage the requirement for romance could be gained outside marriage - as long as the rules relating to chastity and fidelity were strictly adhered to.
The Origins of Courtly Love
Courtly Love• The romance of Courtly Love
practiced during the Middle Ages was combined with the Code of Chivalry.
• There were strict rules of courtly love and the art of courtly love was practiced by the members of the courts across Europe during the Middle Ages.
• The romance, rules and art of courtly love allowed knights and ladies to show their admiration regardless of their marital state.
Courtly Love Cont..
Courtly love is the code of romantic love that enjoyed a vogue among the aristocracies of Western Europe, particularly from the 12th to the 14thcenturies. In its literary form, if not in life, it involved a vassal-lord relationship under which the knight was his lady’s obedient servant, prepared to overcome anyobstacle or undergo any suffering to win her favor. Courtly love was always conducted outside wedlockand of necessity in secret; between spouses it was held to be impossible. Although the unattainability of the beloved was sometimes central to the ideal, its customsserved equally well to dignify adultery
Stages of courtly love• Attraction to the lady, usually via
eyes/glance
• Worship of the lady from afar
• Declaration of passionate devotion
• Virtuous rejection by the lady
• Renewed wooing with oaths of virtue and eternal fealty
• Moans of approaching death from unsatisfied desire (and other physical manifestations of lovesickness)
• Heroic deeds of valor which win the lady's heart
• Consummation of the secret love
• Endless adventures and subterfuges avoiding detection
Whatever the primary
source of courtly love,
a cross-fertilization of
ideas and practices
certainly occurred.
The ideals of courtly
love were most clearly
defined in the English
and French royal
courts presided over
by Queen Eleanor of
Aquitaine and her
daughter Marie de
Champagne, under
whose sponsorship
some of the most
famous books on the
subject were written:
Chrétien de Troyes’s
Lancelot and
Guillaume de Lorris’s
Le Roman de la Rose.
Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine
Marie de Champagne