By Ashlyn Creamer
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Transcript of By Ashlyn Creamer
By Ashlyn Creamer
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Metabolism ATP Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis
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Row 1, Col 1
break down
Anabolic processes consume energy to build more complicated molecules from simpler ones, while
catabolic processes _______ molecules
1,2
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)is composed of 1) the sugar ribose,
2) the nitrogenous base adenine, and 3) a chain of three phosphate groups
What are the 3 components of an ATP molecule?
1,3
2 ATP
How many net ATP molecules are produced during glycolyis?
1,4
NADPH; ATP
Photosystem I produces ___ while photosystem II produces ___?
2,1
Exergonic; releases
Cellular respiration is a (exergonic/endergonic) because it (releases/consumes) energy.
2,2
Phosphofructokinase
The production of which enzyme inhibits ATP (and citrate) production during cellular respiration?
2,3
(Student only needs to get three of these!)1) Anaerobic is without the presence of oxygen, while aerobic is with2) Anaerobic only makes 2 ATP per glucose molecule, aerobic makes between 30-32
3) In anaerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule such as pyruvate. In aerobic respiration, it’s oxygen.4) Anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, ATP, and either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, water, and ATP5)Anaerobic respiration only occurs in the cytoplasm while aerobic occurs in both the cytoplasm and mitochondria
Name three differences between anaerobic and aerobic respiration (TIP: think about the products produced and
how much energy is made!)
2,4
The splitting of water molecules provides the source of electrons
for photosystem II.
Where do the electrons entering photosystem II come from?
3,1
Competitive inhibitors bind at the active site,and they reduce the productivity of enzymes
by blocking substrates from entering active sites
Non competitive inhibitors bind away from the activesite, but change the shape of the enzyme so the active
site functions less effectively.
Where does a competitive inhibitor bind and what are the effects? Where does a noncompetitive inhibitor bind
and what are the effects?
3,2
Glycolysis: 2 net ATPPyruvate Oxidation: 0 ATP
Kreb’s Cycle: 2 ATP total (a cycle for each pyruvate)Electron Transport Chain: 26-28 ATP
How many ATPs are made in glycolysis (net), pyruvate oxidation, Kreb’s cycle, and the electron transport
chain?
3,3
Oxygen; Oxygen captures the electrons (it’s very electronegative!) in the very last step of electron
transport, adding a pair of electrons to an oxygen atom and two hydrogen ions, forming water
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain and why is this important?
3,4
Light reactions occur in the thylakoids and produce O2
The Calvin Cycle occurs inthe stroma and produces G3P(Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate)
Where do light reactions occur in the chloroplasts? Where does the Calvin Cycle occur? What are the
products of each?
4,1
Decrease; In general, any allosteric regulator functions by changing the structure of
the enzyme to either change the ability of the active site to bind the substrate
or to facilitate the chemical reaction.
The binding of an allosteric inhibitor to an enzyme causes the rate of product formation by the enzyme
to_______. Why?
4,2
II; Calvin Cycle
ATP, being the product of photosystem __, is used during the ________ to build one molecule of G3P from
three CO2 molecules
4,3
Deamination; beta-oxidation; because fats are better electron donors than sugars (they have
more hydrogen atoms, which are far less electronegative than oxygen atoms. The
hydrogen atoms won’t “hog” the electronslike oxygen would.
In order for proteins to participate in cellular respiration, the NH3 (amino group) must be removed through
________. In order for fats to participate in cellular respiration, ___________ must take place (the removal
of two carbon molecules at a time). Why do fats produce twice as much ATP as carbohydrates?
4,4
ATP synthase; ATP
Hydrogen ions (H+) built up in the thylakoid compartment after electrons were transferred through the electron transport chain. The hydrogen ions then pump
through the ______ to produce ____
5,1
Chemical energy
Which is the most abundant form of energy in a cell?
-Kinetic energy-Chemical energy
-Heat-Mechanical energy
-Electrochemical gradients
5,2
Endergonic; exergonic
The generation of ATP is an ______ process while the hydrolysis (and release of energy) of ATP is an
________ process.
5,3
In the matrix of mitochondria;1 ATP, 1 FAD2, 2 CO2, 3 NADH
Where does the citric acid cycle occur and what are the products for 1 cycle/1 pyruvate?
5,4
The Calvin cycle requires products only produced when the photosystems are illuminated. (The ATP and NADPH produced
during the light reactions are necessary for the Calvin cycle).
The reactions of the Calvin cycle are not directly dependent on light, but they usually do not occur at
night. Why does this occur??