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Transcript of BW Reporting Guide
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India SAP CoE, Slide 1
BI1004 BW Reporting - v1.0
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1 PrepareMe
2 TellMe
3 ShowMe
4 LetMe
5 HelpMe
BW Reporting
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India SAP CoE, Slide 3
1 PrepareMe
2 TellMe
3 ShowMe
4 LetMe
5 HelpMe
BW Reporting
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Purpose
Reporting, analysis, and interpretation of business datais of central importance to an organization inguaranteeing its competitive edge, optimizing
processes, and enabling it to react quickly and in linewith the market.
SAP BW Reporting is a analyzing tool which supports
decision making in an organization.
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Use
BW reporting is based on multidimensional data sourceswhich makes it possible to analyze data based onmultiple dimensions.
BW reporting facilitates trend analysis of historic and
current data at different level of details and perspectives.
BW reports can be accessed via Web and in MS Excel.
BW reports can be used by a large spectrum of users atdifferent locations as per their roles.
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Challenges
To effectively design queries and reports meetingclients business requirements.
Design optimized reports which executes in aacceptable time frame.
Creation of a global report satisfying needs of users
performing same role across the globe.
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1 PrepareMe
2 TellMe
3 ShowMe
4 LetMe
5 HelpMe
BW Reporting
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BW Architecture Layers
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Introduction to BEx Reporting
Business Explorer (BEx) is the SAP BW componentthat provides flexible reporting and analysis tools.
It enables end users to locate reports, view reports,and analyze information.
Reports can be displayed using MS Excel and can alsobe published on web using BEx tools.
It consists of the four tools for analysis and reportingactivities. BEx Query Designer To create queries
BEx Analyser To modify queries
BEx Browser To organize queries
BEx Web Application Designer To display queries onWeb and create web applications
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BEx Query Designer
It is used to design queries on InfoProviders accordingto the clients requirements.
The Query Designer is divided into six sub areas.
Directory tree of the selected InfoProvider Columns Rows
Free Characteristics Filters Preview
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BEx Query Designer
Preview
Directory tree
for selectedInfoProvider
Filter
Freecharacteristics Columns
Rows
Toolbar
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BEx Query Designer
Directory tree of the selected InfoProvider This section contains key figures and characteristics
(grouped in dimensions) of the InfoProvider on whichquery is being created.
Columns Usually Key indicators to be analyzed will be taken in
columns.
Rows The characteristics on which the key indicators to be
measured will be taken in rows.
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BEx Query Designer
Free Characteristics Free characteristics can be used to drill down or drill
across the report as required. They don't appear whenthe report is originally executed, but the user has theability to use the free characteristics to slice and dice thedata further.
Filters Filter selection has a restricting effect on the entire
query.
Preview This area gives a preview of the query results area.
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Sample BEx Query
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BEx Toolbar
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Elements of BEx Queries BEx query designer provides several components
which can be used for designing queries.
Structures
Restricted Key figure
Calculated Key figure
New Selection
New Formula
Variables
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Elements of BEx Queries
Some of the queryelements can be reused in querieswhich are based on the same InfoProviders.
The reusable query elements are: Variables
Restricted key figures
Calculated key figures
Structures can be defined for reuse.
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Structures
A structure forms the basic framework of the axes rowsor columns in a query.
It consists of structural componentslike characteristics, keyfigures, formulas
and selections.
Set up of the structure determines the sequence andnumber of key figures or characteristic values in thecolumns and rows of the query.
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Structures
Within a query definition you can use either nostructures or a maximum of two structures. Of these,only one can be a key figure structure.
You can combine structures freely with othercharacteristics on the axes.
Structure can be defined as local or reusable.
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Restricted Key figures
Key figures of an InfoProvider can be restricted forreuse by selecting one or more characteristics, theseare called as restricted key figures.
The key figures that are restricted by one or more
characteristic selections can be basic key figures,calculated key figures, or key figures that are alreadyrestricted.
By using restricted key figure query result can be
focused on certain value or range of values of thecharacteristic.
Restricted Key figures can be used as reusable objectsfor all queries in an Info Provider.
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Restricted Key figures
When selecting value ranges for the characteristics,the following options are available: Between
Greater than or equal to
Less than or equal to Greater than
Less than
You can include values in the selection or excludevalues from the selection by selecting these options inthe context menu of the relevant filter.
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Calculated Key figures
Calculated Key figures are used for performingcomplicated calculations on key figures for informationanalysis.
Calculated key figures consist of formula definitionscontaining basic key figures, restricted key figures orcalculated key figures.
Calculated Key figures can be used as reusableobjects for all queries in an InfoProvider.
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Calculated Key figures
The functions available for creation of Calculated Keyfigures are:
Data Functions Percentage Functions
Mathematical Functions
Trigonometric Functions
Boolean Functions
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Calculated Key figures
Important Percentage Functions: Percentage Variance (%):
% - Gives the percentagevariance of operand1 from operand2.
Percentage Share (%A):
%A - Gives the percentageshare of operand1 from operand2.
Percentage Share of Result (%CT):
%CT - Specifies how high the percentageshare is in relation to result.
Percentage Share of Overall Result (%GT):
%GT - Specifies how high the percentageshare is in relation to overall result.
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Calculated Key figures
Important Data Functions COUNT():Delivers value 1 if the is 0, Otherwise 0.
NDIV0(x):
Is equal to 0 with division by 0, otherwise x.
NODIM():
Delivers purely numerical values of ,suppresses units and currencies.
SUMCT:
Delivers the result of operand in all rows or columns. SUMGT:
Delivers the overall result of operand.
SUMRT:
Delivers the report result of operand.
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Calculated Key figures
Important Mathematical and Trigonometric Functions Maximum Minimum
Absolute Value
Sine
Cosine
Boolean Operations Is less than ()
Is not equal to () Is less than or equal to (=)
Logical NOT,AND,OR,XOR
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Key figure Properties
Display Section Use Highlighting tohighlight a key figure
Hide options can be usedto hide a key figure
Number Format Scaling factor can be
used incase of high valueof a key figure
Number of decimal places
Calculations
For Result
For Single Value
Currency Translation
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Characteristics Properties
Display As :Optionsavailable are Key,Text, Key and Text,Text and Key andNo Display.
Display of Results :Options forsupressing resultsand normalization.
Display Hierarchy :
Options forhierarchy display
Sort Order : Optionsfor sortingcharacteristics.
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New Selection
New Selection can be used for characteristics, keyfigures or for creating local restricted key figures.
They can be created on structures.
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New Formula
Formula allow arithmetic operations to be definedusing one or more basic key figures or formulavariables or calculated key figures.
New Formula can be defined only on structureelements
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New Formula
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Variables are parameters of a query that are filledwith values only when you execute the query or Webapplication.
They serve as place holders for characteristic values,hierarchies, hierarchy nodes, texts and formula
elements, and can be processed in different ways. The processing type determines how a variable is
filled with a value for the runtime of the query or Webapplication.
Variables are reusable objects, if we create avariable for a characteristic infoobject we can usethat variable in all the InfoProviders that use thischaracteristic.
Variables
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Variable Types
There are different types of variables depending on theobject for which the variable is defined as placeholder.
Types of variables are:
- Characteristic value variables Characteristics value variables are used to select values
of characteristics in the query at runtime.
Variables can be used to select single values and valueranges.
- Hierarchy variables Hierarchy variables represent hierarchies and can be
used wherever hierarchies can be selected.
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Variable Types
- Hierarchy Node Variables
Hierarchy node variables represent a node in a hierarchyand can be used wherever hierarchy nodes are used.
- Text variables Text variables represent a text and can be used in
descriptions of queries, calculated key figures andstructural components.
- Formula variables
Formula variables represent numerical values and canbe used in formulas.
Numerical values are used for selecting exceptions andconditions and one can also use formula variables here.
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The processing type of a variable determines how avariable is filled with a value at runtime.
The following processing types are available:
- Manual Entry/Default Value
- Replacement Path
- Customer Exit
- SAP Exit
- Authorizations
Variable Processing Types
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Conditions
Conditions can be formulated in the query designer tomake data analysis more efficient.
On defining condition, the data in the query is filteredaccordingly so that only the part of the results area thatyou are interested in is displayed.
With the help of conditions, we can analyzecombinations of characteristics using ranked lists.Example: Displaying ten best customers by salesrevenue.
We can define multiple conditions for a query, and thenactivate or deactivate them in the report itself to createdifferent views of the data.
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Conditions
Example: The sales department wants the flexibility torestrict a report so that only Top 10 materials as perGross Sales are displayed.
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Exceptions
Exception function in reporting enables you to selectand highlight unusual deviations of key figure values ina query.
The exception reporting function allows users to detectvariances early on, thus giving a chance to reacteffectively and immediately.
The results that vary from defined threshold values and
interval are marked in different colors in the worksheetso you can identify them instantly.
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Exceptions
Gross sales below 1000$ is Bad, between 1000$ and5000$ is Medium and sales 5000$ above is Good.
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Cell Editor Cell Editor is used when complex calculations are
needed to be performed, and it cannot beaccomplished by restricted and calculated key figures.It gets enabled only if the query definition contains twostructures.
Cell-specific definitions allow you to define explicitformulas, along with implicit cell definition, andselection conditions for cells and in this way, to overrideimplicitly created cell values.
Help on cells can be defined via Cell Editor .
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Cell Editor
Cell is the intersectionbetween two structuralcomponents. Theformulas or selectionconditions that youdefine for a cell alwaystake effect at theintersection between twostructural components.
For each cell you can
define a customselection, a customformula, or a custom celldefinition.
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Query Properties
Various settings forquery can be performedin the Query Propertiesdialog box.
The Query Propertiesdialog box is divided intotab pages, each tabpage offers different
settings.
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Query Properties
Tab Pages General
This gives information about the technical name of thequery, the InfoProvider that it is based on, owner, and theperson who last changed the query.
One can also specify the sequence in which variablesappear on the selection screen.
Display This tab page is divided into two areas: One for the display
options and the other for the number format.
Extended If data is to be evaluated using third party tools, the OLE
DB for OLAP setting can be done in this tab.
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Sample BEx Report
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Navigation in Reports
Context Menu allows to navigate in different ways withinreport and offers various functions depending on the cellcontext by using right mouse button in BEx.
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Navigation in Reports
The following functions can be performed usingcontext menu:
Keep filter value: Results of the report can be restrictedto filter value.
Select filter value: The system provides all possiblevalues for a particular characteristic. One can select oneor more values from this value set in the Query.
Filter and drilldown according to: To set a characteristicat certain value and at the same time drilldown on the
same axis.
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Navigation in Reports Other available functions:
Swap axes: If characteristics are in the rows and Keyfigures in the columns you can choose swap axes tohave Key figures displayed in the rows andcharacteristics in the columns.
Fix Filter Value to Axis: Choose Fix Filter Value to Axis ifyou only want to see data for one characteristic valueand want the characteristic value to continue to appearin the drilldown.
Go to: You can use the Goto function to reachdocuments and detailed level reports using report toreport to interface.
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Query Views
A query view is a Picture of a query that saves any
formatting done to the query. Examples of formatting
would be hiding key figures from the initial display ofthe report or the generation of exceptions andconditions.
One can define one or more query views for a query.
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Workbooks Workbooks are used to combine different queries.
On inserting a query in a workbook, a link is madebetween the cell areas of the worksheet and the dataof the InfoProvider upon which the query is based.
When inserting a query into the workbook, a VBAroutine is automatically generated in the workbook.Business Explorer can also be connected with customVBA programs (Visual Basic for Applications).
Workbook templates can contain pre-determined items
for the area of the query, formatting settings, logos,VBA macros, and so on.
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BEx Browser
BEx Browser isused fororganizingreports,workbooks and
otherdocuments.
You can accessall workbooksand otherdocuments thatare assigned toyou using yourroles.
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Introduction to Web Reporting
The Web Application Designer (WAD) is the front endapplication provided by SAP to create and modify webtemplates in order to display your query on the web.
A Web Template is essentially HTML code whichcontains some special SAP BW objects & tags in orderto display various Web items provided by SAP.
The WAD provides drag & drop functionality for allstandard Web items and also allows the user to set thebehavior & properties of these web items through agraphical interface.
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Introduction to Web Reporting
The defaulttemplate usedfor displayingqueries on the
web is0ADHOC. Youcan set yourown templateand use it as
the defaulttemplate.
PropertiesWorkArea
Template WorkArea
Web Items Work Area
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Web Report
Tool bar
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1 PrepareMe
2 TellMe
3 ShowMe
4 LetMe
5 HelpMe
BW Reporting
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Introduction to BEx Reporting
Path to BEx Components To navigate from the front-end use the windows startmenu: (Start>Programs>Business Explorer)
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Creating a New Query
Step1: In Query Designer,click on create
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Creating a New Query
Step 2: SelectInfoProvider onwhich you want tocreate a query and
click Create
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Creating a New Query
Step 3: Design aQuery by drag & dropof characteristics andkeyfigures to rows andcolumns
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Creating a New Query
Step 4: Save the query
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Executing a Query
Step 1: Select the query
Step 2: Click on OK
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Executing a Query
Step 3: Give Inputs tothe variables
Step 4: Click on Execute
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BEx Report
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Modify an Existing Query
Goto BEx Analyser (Start>Programs>BusinessExplorer>Analyzer)
Step1: Selectqueries tab
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Modify an Existing Query
Step2: SelectInfoAreas tab
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Modify an Existing Query
Step3: Select queryand click on change
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Modify an Existing Query
Step4: Make therequired changes.Modify, Save andExecute the query
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Opening a Query Favorites
Roles InfoAreas
History
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Elements of BEx Queries
Structures
Restricted Key figure
Calculated Key figure
New Selection
New Formula
Variables
C S
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Creating Structures
Step 1: RightClick onColumns andselect New
Structure
C i S
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Creating Structures
Step 2: Right Click onStructure and select
Properties
Step 3: Specify technical nameand description. Click OK.
C ti R t i t d K fi
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Creating Restricted Key figure
Step 1: Right Clickon Key Figures
section to create aNew Restricted
Keyfigure
C ti R t i t d K fi
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Creating Restricted Key figure
Step 2: Select the requiredKeyfigure and characteristicvalue for restriction. Specifydescription and Click OK.
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Creating Restricted Key figure
Step 3: Give technicalname and select
appropriate properties.Click OK.
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Creating Restricted Key figure
Step4 :CreatedRestricted Keyfigurecan be seen here.Drag and drop themto the query.
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Creating Calculated Key figure
Step 1: Right Click onKey Figures section to
create a NewCalculated Keyfigure
C ti C l l t d K fi
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Creating Calculated Key figure
Step 2: Select the requiredKeyfigures and necessaryoperators for calculationsand provide description.
Finally, Click OK.
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Creating Calculated Key figure
Step3 : Createdcalculated Keyfigure canbe seen here. Drag anddrop them to the query.
C ti N S l ti
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Creating New Selections
Step 1: Right Clickon Structure and
select New
Selection
C ti N S l ti
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Creating New Selections
Step 2: Drag anddrop the
characteristic and
Click OK
C ti N F l
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Creating New Formula
Step 1: Right Clickon Structure and
select New
Formula
C ti N F l
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Creating New Formula
Step 2: Select keyfigures (amongst
Structure elements)
and create formula.Click OK
Creating Variables
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Creating Variables
Step 1: Right clickon characteristic
and select Restrict
Creating Variables
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Creating Variables
Step 2: GotoVariables tab and
choose Newvariable
Creating Variables
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Creating Variables
Step3: ClickNext
Creating Variables
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Creating Variables
Step 4: Givevariable name,Description and
Processing type andclick Next
Creating Variables
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Creating Variables
Step 5: Selectvariable type
and variableentry and click
Next
Creating Variables
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Creating Variables
Step 6: Enter Defaultvalue (if required) and
click Next
Creating Variables
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Creating Variables
Step 7: Click Finish
to Save variable
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Creating Conditions
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Creating Conditions
Step1: SelectNew
Condition
Creating Conditions
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Creating Conditions
Step3 :SelectKeyfigure
Step4 :EnterOperator
Step5 :Enterthe value to be
checked
Step 2: Clickto create
new
Condition
Step1 : Enterthe
descriptionof new
Condition
Creating Exceptions
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Creating Exceptions
Step 1:Select New
Exception
Creating Exceptions
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Creating Exceptions
Step6 :Transfer
Step5 :Select AlertLevel
Step4 :Give valuerange
Step 3: Click tocreate NewException
Step2 : Enterthe
description
Creating Exceptions
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Creating Exceptions
Step8 : SelectAll
Step7 : GotoValidity areaof Exception
tab
Creating Exceptions
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Creating Exceptions
Alert Level RED forprice greater than
50
Creating Views
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Creating Views
Step 1: Makenecessarydrilldowns
Creating Views
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Creating Views
Step 2:Click on
Save viewglobal
Creating Views
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Creating Views
Step 3: GiveView title and
name
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Creating Workbooks
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Creating Workbooks
Step 1: Click onsave as new
workbook
Creating Workbooks
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Creating Workbooks
Step 2:Give
descriptionof
workbook
Step 3:Click on
Save
Inserting Query in Workbooks
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Inserting Query in Workbooks
Step 2:Click oninsertQuery
Step 1: Go to Sheet2 in already created
workbook
Inserting Query in Workbooks
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Inserting Query in Workbooks
Step 3: Selectthe query
which youwant to insertin a Workbook
Step 4: Click OK
Inserting Query in Workbooks
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Inserting Query in Workbooks
Step 5: Give
inputs
Step 6: Click onExecute
Inserting Query in Workbooks
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Inserting Query in Workbooks
Step 7: Select
Save existingworkbook
Workbooks
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Workbooks
Step8 :You
can see thecreatedworkbook
here
BW Reporting
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1
PrepareMe
2 TellMe
3 ShowMe
4 LetMe
5 HelpMe
BW Reporting
LetMe
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LetMe Create a new query using Query Designer.
Include few characteristics in Rows and FreeCharacteristics.
Select a characteristic in Filter section and filter oncertain value of the characteristic.
Create User Entry variables for few characteristics. Create new Restricted and Calculated Key figures.
Include key figures, calculated key figures andrestricted key figures in columns.
Set relevant properties for key figures andcharacteristics.
Create sample Conditions and Exceptions.
Set appropriate Query Properties and Execute query.
BW Reporting
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1
PrepareMe
2 TellMe
3 ShowMe
4 LetMe
5 HelpMe
BW Reporting
Additional Information
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Additional Information
Customer Exit variables are used incase StandardSAP variables are not available.
We can use customer exit variables in cases wherebased on users input certain calculations needs to beperformed or column heading name should change
dynamically. Steps for creation of Customer exit variables are:
Create a variable of type Customer Exit.
Goto CMOD transaction.
Enter project name and select Component.
Select EXIT_SAPLRRS0_001.
Write logic in ABAP for populating above customer exitvariable.
Additional Information
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Additional Information I_STEP is used in Customer exit to handle the
variables. Following are the possible values of I_STEP on which
variables are processed. I_STEP = 1 : Call takes place before processing of variable
pop-up and gets called for every variable of processing typeCustomer Exit. This step should be used to fill variable with
default values.
I_STEP = 2 : Call takes place after variable entry. This step isonly started up when the same variable is not input ready andcould not be filled at I_STEP=1.
I_STEP = 3 : In this call, you can check the values of thevariables. It is called after all variable processing and getscalled only once and not per variable.
HelpMe
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HelpMe
Browse through the below links for Self Study
1. http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/5b/30
d43b0527a17be10000000a114084/frameset.htm2. http://service.sap.com/bi
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/5b/30d43b0527a17be10000000a114084/frameset.htmhttp://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/5b/30d43b0527a17be10000000a114084/frameset.htmhttp://service.sap.com/bihttp://service.sap.com/bihttp://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/5b/30d43b0527a17be10000000a114084/frameset.htmhttp://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/5b/30d43b0527a17be10000000a114084/frameset.htm