Business Plan TPT

Business Plan for Tuticorin Port Trust

FINAL REPORTDevelopment of a Business Plan for Tuticorin Port Trust

Submitted to: Chief Engineer Tuticorin Port Trust, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu India Copyright: TransCare Logistics India Pvt. Ltd. Submitted: March 28, 2007

Certified to DIN EN ISO 9001:2000

TransCare Logistics India Pvt. Ltd.

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Table of Contents

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Summary .....................................................................................................17

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Major Results...............................................................................................30 1.1 Port Description ....................................................................................30 Tuticorin Port Trust ........................................................................30 Cargo Traffic..................................................................................31 General Cargo ....................................................................................... 32 Containers ............................................................................................. 35 Vessel Traffic.................................................................................39 Modal Split Analysis ......................................................................40 Port Infrastructure..........................................................................43 Dimensions ........................................................................................... 43 Cargo Handling Equipments................................................................. 44 Storage Facilities................................................................................... 45 Port Road Infrastructure........................................................................ 48 Port Rail Infrastructure ......................................................................... 48 Operational Performance ..............................................................50 Capacity Analysis ..........................................................................53

1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.2.1 1.1.2.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1.5 1.1.5.1 1.1.5.2 1.1.5.3 1.1.5.4 1.1.5.5 1.1.6 1.1.7 1.2

Cargo Forecast.....................................................................................54 Thermal Coal .................................................................................54 Industrial Coal ...............................................................................56 Fertilizer Raw materials (FRM)......................................................58 Finished Fertilizers ........................................................................59 Copper Concentrate ......................................................................60 Others............................................................................................61 Timber................................................................................................... 61 POL ....................................................................................................... 62 Other Liquid Cargo ............................................................................... 62

1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.5 1.2.6 1.2.6.1 1.2.6.2 1.2.6.3

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1.2.6.4 1.2.7 1.2.8 1.3 1.4 1.5

Other Break bulk and Dry bulk cargo................................................... 63 Container.......................................................................................64 Consolidated Traffic Forecast........................................................72

Vessel Traffic Forecast .........................................................................74 Berth Requirements..............................................................................76 Competitive Position .............................................................................78 Impact of SethuSamudram Channel..............................................81

1.5.1 1.6

Capacity and Bottleneck Analysis.........................................................84 Thermal Coal Flow ........................................................................84 Bulk Cargo.....................................................................................86 Break- Bulk Cargo .........................................................................91 Containers .....................................................................................92

1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 1.6.4 1.7

Hinterland connectivity..........................................................................96 Connectivity to captive industries ..................................................96 Road Connectivity .........................................................................98 Existing Road Connectivity .................................................................. 98 Proposed Road Connectivity Projects................................................. 101 Rail Connectivity..........................................................................104 Existing Rail Connectivity.................................................................. 104 Proposed Rail Connectivity Projects .................................................. 107 TransCares Recommendation ....................................................109 Road Connectivity .............................................................................. 109 Proposed Rail Connectivity (Backbone Concept) .............................. 111

1.7.1 1.7.2 1.7.2.1 1.7.2.2 1.7.3 1.7.3.1 1.7.3.2 1.7.4 1.7.4.1 1.7.4.2 1.8

Phased land use plan .........................................................................114 Existing land use pattern .............................................................114 TransCare Proposal for future land use plan:..............................121 Proposed Harbour Land Use Plans .............................................128

1.8.1 1.8.2 1.8.3 1.9

Organizational Improvements.............................................................140 Current Organization Structure....................................................141 Traffic Department.............................................................................. 143

1.9.1 1.9.1.1

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1.9.1.2 1.9.1.3 1.9.1.4 1.9.1.5 1.9.1.6 1.9.1.7 1.9.1.8 1.9.2 1.9.2.1 1.9.3 1.9.4

Civil Engineering ................................................................................ 144 FA & CAO.......................................................................................... 144 Deputy Conservator ............................................................................ 145 Administrative Department................................................................. 145 Supporting Departments ..................................................................... 146 Key Observations & Suggestions for Human Resource Management 147 Key Observations and suggestions for the Organisation overall ........ 150 Current Demand and Resource Planning....................................151 Key Observations:............................................................................... 154 Proposed Corporate and Operational Planning System ..............156 Proposed Marketing and New Business Initiative (MBI) Team

structure 159 1.9.5 1.9.5.1 1.9.5.2 1.9.5.3 1.9.5.4 1.9.5.5 1.9.5.6 Process Based Organization structure ........................................160 Demand Planning................................................................................ 160 Infrastructure Requirement Planning.................................................. 163 Infrastructure Design and Implementation ......................................... 163 Operations ........................................................................................... 164 Administration .................................................................................... 164 IT Initiative ......................................................................................... 164

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Business Plan Elements ............................................................................166 2.1 2.2 Mission statement...............................................................................166 Vision Statement ................................................................................167 Long term vision ..........................................................................167 Long term land use plan ..............................................................168 Long term connectivity plan.........................................................168

2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.3 2.4

Goals ..................................................................................................169 Strategy ..............................................................................................171 Port Development Strategy .........................................................171 Commercial strategy....................................................................171

2.4.1 2.4.2

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2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.5 2.4.6 2.4.6.1 2.4.6.2 2.5

Marketing Strategy ......................................................................172 Operational Strategy....................................................................173 Competitive Strategy ...................................................................174 Financial Strategy........................................................................175 Financial Models................................................................................. 176 Projects Analysis................................................................................. 179

Major projects .....................................................................................181 Deepening of Approach Channel and Harbour Basin..................182 General description & Motivation ...................................................... 182 Calculation of the investments............................................................ 183 Financial Evaluation ........................................................................... 183 Outer Harbour Development (OH)...............................................185 General Description and Motivation................................................... 185 Investment Details .............................................................................. 186 Financial Evaluation ........................................................................... 187 Conversion of Berth No. 8 into Container terminal (CT8) ............188 General Description and Motivation................................................... 188 Investment Details .............................................................................. 189 Financial Evaluation ........................................................................... 190 Migration of CT7 & CT8 to Outer Harbour ...................................190 General Description and Motivation................................................... 190 Investment Details .............................................................................. 191 Financial Evaluation ........................................................................... 191 Construction of North Cargo Berth (NCB) ...................................192 General Description and Motivation................................................... 192 Investment Details .............................................................................. 193 Financial aspects ................................................................................. 193 Construction of Cargo Berth No.9 (CB9) .....................................193 General Description and Motivation................................................... 193 Investment Details .............................................................................. 194

2.5.1 2.5.1.1 2.5.1.2 2.5.1.3 2.5.2 2.5.2.1 2.5.2.2 2.5.2.3 2.5.3 2.5.3.1 2.5.3.2 2.5.3.3 2.5.4 2.5.4.1 2.5.4.2 2.5.4.3 2.5.5 2.5.5.1 2.5.5.2 2.5.5.3 2.5.6 2.5.6.1 2.5.6.2

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2.5.6.3 2.5.7 2.5.8 2.5.8.1 2.5.8.2 2.5.8.3 2.5.9 2.5.9.1 2.5.9.2 2.5.9.3 2.6

Financial aspects ................................................................................. 195 Conversion of Cargo Berth 9 to container terminal (CT9)............195 Construction of Ship Building Yard ..............................................195 General Description and Motivation................................................... 195 Investment Details .............................................................................. 196 Financial aspects ................................................................................. 196 Development of Hinterland hub in Erode.....................................196 General Description and Motivation................................................... 196 Investment details ............................................................................... 197 Financial Aspects ................................................................................ 197

Plan of action to implement strategy...................................................197

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Financial Aspects.......................................................................................201 3.1 3.2 Investments and Projects Overview ...................................................201 Financial Projections and Analysis .....................................................202

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Detailed action plan ...................................................................................210 Annexure I - Forecast....................................................................................214 Annexure II Berth Calculation.....................................................................215 Annexure III: Storage Yard Calculation .........................................................221 Annexure IV: Financial Feasibility Analysis Cargo Berth No 9 ...................224 Annexure V: Financial Feasibility Analysis - Upgradation of Coal Jetty II......227 Annexure VI: North Cargo Berth_Thermal Coal ............................................229 Annexure VII: North Cargo Berth_FRM.........................................................231 Annexure VIII: Shallow Berth 3 Nos ..........................................................233 Annexure IX: Conversion of Cargo Berth into Container Terminal 8 .............235 Annexure X: Outer Harbour Dredging, Reclamation, Construction of Break waters and Container Berths .........................................................................237 Annexure XI: Deepening of Inner Harbour and harbour channel ..................243 Annexure XII: Remarks and Comments RPA, TPT and TransCare

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List of Figures Figure 1: Proposed Land use plan (s. enlarged picture on Figure 43 ) ...............26 Figure 2: Ranking of Layouts (s. enlarged pictures at Figure 51, Figure 47, Figure 50).......................................................................................................................27 Figure 3: Major Seaports in India ........................................................................30 Figure 4: Route of Round the world container service (Source PSASICAL) .......40 Figure 5: Tuticorin Port Trust Existing Map ......................................................42 Figure 6: CFS and ICD in Tuticorin district..........................................................48 Figure 7: Road/ Rail Infrastructure at TPT ..........................................................49 Figure 8: Need of coal (right axis) for installed thermal power generation in Tamil Nadu ...................................................................................................................55 Figure 9: Forecast for thermal coal at Tuticorin Port ...........................................56 Figure 10: Users of industrial Coal in Tamil Nadu...............................................57 Figure 11: Forecast industrial coal in million tonnes ........................................58 Figure 12: Forecast of FRM in million tonnes (Expected case)...........................59 Figure 13: Forecast of FRM in million tonnes (Best case) .................................59 Figure 14: Forecast of finished fertilizers in million tonnes..................................60 Figure 15: Forecast of copper concentrate in tonnes..........................................61 Figure 16: Forecast of POL in million tonnes ......................................................62 Figure 17: Forecast of other liquid bulk in million tonnes ....................................63 Figure 18: Forecast of other Cargo in million tonnes ..........................................64 Figure 19: Correlation between GDP and General cargo growth rate.................65 Figure 20: Assumed growth rate for the containerization rate in India ................66 Figure 21: Container development at Tuticorin Port based on past trends for India (in million TEU) ...................................................................................................67 Figure 22: Expected growth of the world container market in million TEU ..........68 Figure 23: Indian container market forecast........................................................70 Figure 24: Forecast of container in million TEU for Tuticorin Port.......................71 Figure 25: Forecasted transhipment volumes at Tuticorin (included in the total number of TEU). .................................................................................................72

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Figure 26: Location of competing Major/ Minor Ports..........................................79 Figure 27: Performance of Coal Jetty .................................................................85 Figure 28: Cargo flow industrial coal at TPT .....................................................88 Figure 29: Cargo flow Industrial coal on rail .....................................................89 Figure 30: Cargo flow - container........................................................................94 Figure 31: Existing captive Cargo distribution.....................................................98 Figure 32: Existing Road Network.......................................................................99 Figure 33: Road Connectivity to Indian Ports....................................................100 Figure 34: Road Network Tamil Nadu...............................................................101 Figure 35: Existing Rail Connectivity - Tuticorin Port ........................................105 Figure 36: Indian Railways - Status of Electrification ........................................106 Figure 37: Proposed Madurai-Dindigul Rail Expansion.....................................107 Figure 38: Proposed 4-laning of section roads .................................................111 Figure 39: Backbone of India ............................................................................112 Figure 40: Location of zone A and zone B ........................................................115 Figure 41: Current Land Use Plan Tuticorin Port ...........................................119 Figure 42: Tuticorin Port Proposed Land Use Plan (Source: Tuticorin Port Trust) ..........................................................................................................................120 Figure 43: TransCare Proposal Landuse plan for Tuticorin Port ....................123 Figure 44: Layout 0 ...........................................................................................129 Figure 45: Layout A...........................................................................................130 Figure 46: Layout B...........................................................................................131 Figure 47: Layout C ..........................................................................................132 Figure 48: Layout D ..........................................................................................133 Figure 49: Layout E...........................................................................................134 Figure 50: Layout F...........................................................................................135 Figure 51: Layout G ..........................................................................................136 Figure 52: Costs for the given layouts...............................................................139 Figure 53: Investments for each phase of development of the Port. .................139 Figure 54: Organisation Structure of TPT .........................................................142

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Figure 55: Current Administration Department .................................................146 Figure 56: Planning and Decision Mapping ......................................................152 Figure 57: Proposed Process Based Organization Structure............................162 Figure 58: Process Integrated System for TPT .................................................165 Figure 59: Financial Analysis - Model ...............................................................180 Figure 60: Proposed Backbone Concept ..........................................................211

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List of Tables Table 1: Volume forecast (Expected Scenario)...................................................23 Table 2: Container transhipment volume (included in the total container volume) ............................................................................................................................23 Table 3: Berth Specifications for different goods ................................................24 Table 4: Number of berths needed .....................................................................24 Table 5: Investments for major projects ..............................................................28 Table 6: Financial projections .............................................................................29 Table 7: Trade Statistics Major Ports in India ..................................................31 Table 8: Trade Statistics Tuticorin Port Trust ...................................................32 Table 9: Major Import goods in Tuticorin Port Trust ............................................33 Table 10: Major Export goods in Tuticorin Port Trust..........................................35 Table 11: Container Traffic Major Ports in India...............................................35 Table 12: Container Import Traffic Details - TPT.................................................36 Table 13: Major commodities for import container market at TPT......................36 Table 14: Market shares by sector for import containers at TPT (Volumes in TEUs)..................................................................................................................37 Table 15: Container Export Traffic Details - TPT ................................................37 Table 16: Major commodities for export container market at TPT.......................38 Table 17: Market share by sector for export containers at TPT (Volumes in TEU) ............................................................................................................................38 Table 18: Vessel size mix at Tuticorin Port for the year 2005_06 (Source: TPT) 39 Table 19: TPT Modal split for the year 2004-05 and 2005-06.............................40 Table 20: TPT - Berth dimensions ......................................................................44 Table 21: Equipment at the berths ......................................................................44 Table 22: Terminal areas at TPT ........................................................................46 Table 23: Storage facilities at TPT ......................................................................47 Table 24: Performance Parameters at TPT ........................................................50 Table 25: Berth Occupancy Statistics - TPT .......................................................51 Table 26: Berthwise Cargo Handled Statistics - TPT ..........................................52

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Table 27: Existing Capacity Tuticorin Port Trust ..............................................54 Table 28: Traffic Forecast for TPT (Worst Case Scenario) .................................73 Table 29: Traffic Forecast for TPT (Expected Case Scenario) ...........................73 Table 30: Traffic Forecast for TPT (Best Case Scenario) ...................................74 Table 31: Average parcel size in the future at Tuticorin Port ..............................74 Table 32: Vessel Traffic forecast for the worst case scenario (number of vessels) ............................................................................................................................75 Table 33: Vessel Traffic forecast for the expected scenario (number of vessels) ............................................................................................................................75 Table 34: Vessel Traffic forecast for best scenario (number of vessels).............76 Table 35: Maximum vessel size and berth requirements ....................................77 Table 36: Needed amount of berth facilities in the expected case scenario .......77 Table 37: Additional Berths Required (Part 1) ....................................................77 Table 38: Additional Berths Required (Part 2) ....................................................78 Table 39: Overview of competitor mapping.........................................................81 Table 40: Savings in feeder cost and time......................................................83 Table 41: Berth occupancy of the coal jetties at TPT..........................................84 Table 42: Bulk goods at Tuticorin Port (figures given in million tonnes)..............86 Table 43: Performance of non-mechanized dry bulk cargo at TPT .....................87 Table 44: Performance of FRM at Tuticorin Port.................................................90 Table 45: Processing time in the container transport chain ................................93 Table 46: Cargo Distribution - TPT Hinterland ....................................................97 Table 47: Railway traffic at Tuticorin Port .........................................................104 Table 48: Cashew Nut Export - in TEU's...........................................................108 Table 49: Daily Truck volumes generated by the Port ......................................109 Table 50: Required number of gates at the end of the forecasted period .........109 Table 51: Future expected traffic on rail generated by the Port. .......................112 Table 52: Land use plan, 2005-06 ....................................................................114 Table 53: Split up of current land usage pattern ...............................................116 Table 54: Required storage space at the port...................................................125

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Table 55: TransCare proposal Land use plan ................................................128 Table 56: Overview utilization benchmarks for all layouts.................................137 Table 57: Overview dimensions of terminals for all layouts ..............................138 Table 58: Volume for dredging, reclamation and breakwater for several variants ..........................................................................................................................140 Table 59: Evaluation of Proposed Layouts .......................................................140 Table 60: Funding options and financial feasibility for Outer Harbour Project...187 Table 61: Migration Expense (in Rs. Crores) and Period..................................191 Table 62: Additional berths needed until 2014_15 ............................................198 Table 63: Additional berths needed until 2027_28 ............................................199 Table 64: Investment Returns Proposed Projects ....................................201 Table 65: Investment Returns BOT Projects..................................................201 Table 66: Mode of Funding Tuticorin Port Trust..............................................202 Table 67: Investments Projections 2006-07_2025-26 (All values in m. Rs.) .....203 Table 68: Financial Projections, CAGR Tuticorin Port Trust ...........................204 Table 69: Revenue Projections from BOT Operation........................................204 Table 70: Revenue share from BOT Operation ................................................205 Table 71: Projected P&L Account 2006-07_2025-26 (All Values in m. Rs.)......207 Table 72: Projected Balance Sheet 2006-07_2025_26 (All Values in m. Rs.)208 Table 73: Projected Cash Flow Statement 2006-07_2025-26 (All values in m. Rs.) ...................................................................................................................209 Table 74: Forecast of volume ...........................................................................214 Table 75: Break bulk Storage calculation.......................................................221 Table 76: Bulk Cargo Storage calculation......................................................222 Table 77: Liquid Bulk Storage Calculation .....................................................223

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List of Abbreviations ADB Asian Development Bank AIS Automatic Identification System BG Broad Gauge BOOM Build Own Operate Maintain BOOT Build Own Operate Transfer BOT Build Operate Transfer CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate CB Cargo Berth CFS Container Freight Station CHA Customs House Agent CIL Coal India Ltd. CISF Central Industrial Security Force CJ Coal Jetty CPC Corporate Planning Cell CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone CT Container Terminal DAP Di-ammonium Phosphate DCW Dharangadhara Chemical Works DWT Dead Weight Tonnage EDI Electronic Data Interchange EIR Equipment Interchange Receipt EOUs Exports Oriented Units EU European Union FDI - Foreign Direct Investment FEU- Forty Feet Equivalent Unit FRM Fertiliser Raw Material GDP - Gross Domestic Product GML Good Earth Maritime Limited GOI Government of India

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GRT - Gross Registered Tonnage HOD Head of the Department HR Human Resource HRA House Rent Allowance IARPMA Indian Agro and Recycled Paper Mills Corporation ICD Inland Container Depot IDBI Industrial Development Bank of India IDFC Infrastructure Development Financing Corporation IOCL Indian Oil Corporation Ltd IPA Indian Ports Association IPL Indian Potash Limited IRE Indian Rare Earths Ltd IRR Internal rate of return ISPS International Ship and Port Facility Security Code ICJ Industrial Coal Jetty IT - Information Technology JBIC Japan Bank for International Cooperation JV Joint Venture KL- Kilo Litres KM - Kilometre KPCL- Karnataka Power Corporation Ltd. KPI Key Performance Indicator KWh - Kilo Watts per Hour LNG- Liquefied Natural Gas M Meter MALCO Madras Aluminium Company MBI Marketing and New Business Initiatives MFA Multi- Fibre Agreement MOP Murate of Potash MT Million Tonnes

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MTEU Million Twenty Foot Equivalent MTPA Million tonnes per annum NCB North Cargo Berth NH National Highways NHAI National Highways Authority of India Ltd. NLC Neyveli Lignite Corporation NMDP National Maritime Development Programme NPV Net Present Value OH Outer Harbour PDS Public Distribution System POL Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants PVC Polyvinyl Chloride RFP Request for Proposal RFQ Request for Quotation RGDP Real gross domestic product RTG Rubber Tyred Gantry Cranes Rs. Rupees R&B Real Estate and Building SIPCOT State Industrial Promotion Council of Tamil Nadu SLC Standing Linkage Committee SPIC Southern Petrochemical Industries Corporation SSC SethuSamudram Channel Sq. m Square meters T Tonnes TAC Tuticorin Alkalis and Chemicals Ltd TAMP Tariff Authority for Major Ports TAT Turnaround Times TEU Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit TM Traffic Manager TNEB Tamil Nadu Electricity Board

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TNPL Tamil Nadu Newsprints & Papers Ltd. TPT Tuticorin Port Trust TTPS Tuticorin Thermal Power Station TWC Tamil Nadu Warehousing Corporation USA United States of America VCM Vinyl Chloride Monomer VGF Viability Gap Funding VTMS Vessel Traffic Management System Y-o-Y Year over Year

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0 SummaryMission TPT shall be South Indias Quality leader in General and Bulk cargo and the High Speed Container Pipeline Provider for the Indian backbone Vision Goals Enhance Customer attractiveness Market oriented planning Increase operating efficiency Strengthen competitive position Attract investments Better utilize IT facilities To be the preferred distribution hub of India

Strategy Port development strategy o Implementation of captive bulk berths/jetties o Separate entry for container, bulk and other trucks at the gate o Installation of mechanized unloading facilities o Construction of outer harbour Commercial strategy o Intensification of relationships with major shipping / positioning of prices to compete with Colombo o Attract players in the liberalized railway market for improved development of the hinterland o Increase in hinterland penetration Marketing Strategy o Brand Tuticorin as the Power Hub for South India in the future o Brand Tuticorin Port as the Distribution Hub for general/ bulk cargo/ Container business

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o Be proactive in providing adequate infrastructure for the captive users of the Port o Partner with Ship liners for long term container business with the port for EXIM trade and transshipment operations Operational Strategy o Develop more mechanized handling facility for bulk cargo o Develop more storage area for general cargo inside the port premises o Ensure faster Turn Around Time (TAT) for containers o Encourage users for more value addition work inside the port Competitive Strategy o Time is the most competitive factor for Tuticorin in winning over the competitors. Be proactive in creating capacity and developing hinterland network. o Develop the backbone concept in partner with private rail operator to attract more container business. Financial strategy o Public Private Partnerships through Joint Ventures (JV) o Private Enterprise through Build Own Operate Maintain (BOOM) Route o Private Enterprise through Build Own Operate Transfer

(BOOT)/Build Operate Transfer (BOT) Route o Fee-based Management of New Port Facilities o Port-owned and Operated Projects

Strengths Geographic advantage Close to main shipping lines, all weather port

WeaknessesInfrastructure Draft limitations High dredging costs due to rock

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No maintenance dredging costs Availability of Land for future expansion / upgradation. High level of overall efficiency Especially in container handling operations Only few labour problems Fast and co-operative customs operations

and limestone harbour bed Insufficient gate capacity Evacuation problems, congestion Old and outdated handling equipment bulk Poor rail connectivity to important hinterland industrial clusters Comparatively high port dues Trade imbalance in containers IT infrastructure Poor with legacy systems delivering no real time information flow inefficiencies break

Proactivity From Port in marketing and managing customers From entrepreneurial trade community

Opportunities Construction of Outer Harbour Catering not only for domestic containers but also international transhipping Development of Tuticorin as Distribution Hub Short term for South India Mid and Long term for Central and even Northern India Integrating value added services Development of Tuticorin as Power Hub Proactive attitude of Tamil Nadu Govt Industrial development and attracting FDI Development of Sethusamudram Channel Time

ThreatsAction must be taken soonest to develop advantage Competition Many ports in vicinity vying for same immediate hinterland area

Dependence on political goods Thermal coal, fertilizer, wheat, sugar Shipping trends Larger vessels Direct shipments to and from other Indian ports

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Market Analysis - Bulk Market Thermal Coal: Thermal Coal import at Tuticorin is driven by the Captive thermal power plants. The proposed power plants by TNEB and NLC are expected to increase the import volume to 14MT by 2014. Industrial Coal: This market is driven by cement and paper industry in Tamil Nadu. Chennai Port and Ennore Port in a minor manner will show tough competition for Tuticorin in terms of market share. Tuticorin Port will import about 2 to 2.4 MT by the year 2014. Fertilizer Raw Material (FRM): FRM market is driven by captive industries, SPIC and TAC. Since, there is no capacity expansion plan in the immediate future; this market is expected to remain relatively stable. Finished Fertilizers: Finished fertilizers are imported by traders like Indian Potash Limited (IPL) and other private players. This market is highly regulated by the Government. This industry is expected to grow along with the increase in agriculture growth rate and is expected to reach about 0.7MT by 2014 Copper Concentrate: The import of copper concentrate is driven by Sterlite. The facilities of Sterlite are fully utilized and no further expansion additionally to the existing ones is possible. The import is expected to reach 2 MT by 2008 and expected to remain stable thereafter. Timber Logs: The market for timber is mainly driven by the construction and furniture industry. Construction business gives Tuticorin Port a stable base. The furniture industry in India is highly fragmented and there are no bigger players. Major demand is from the North West clusters of India. Since, Cochin has removed the ban on import of timber; import through Tuticorin is expected to remain stable in the coming years. POL market: The demand of POL in South India is saturated by refineries in Chennai, Cochin and direct pipeline from Chennai to Madurai. A third refinery is also coming up in Cuddalore. So, TransCare doesnt expect any

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refineries in Tuticorin and there will not be any substantial increase in the volume in the future. Liquid Bulk Imports: The demand of liquid bulk other than POL is partly driven by the captive industry like liquid ammonia for SPIC and Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) for DCW. No major growth in the future expected because of e.g. no expansions of DCW (35% of the total volume) and SPIC (20%). Growth is only driven by the imports of palm oil. Therefore a slight increase is expected for the future. Other Cargo: Other cargo includes food grains, cement, ilmenite and other break bulk cargo. Part of this cargo like ilmenite and granite has high potential to be containerised. Hence, volumes of these cargos are expected to decrease in the future. The decrease in this volume will be compensated by the exports of break bulk goods to Colombo and Maldives. Overall, this market is expected to grow proportional to the RGDP in the future.

Market Analysis Container Market World Container market is largely driven by Chinese manufacturing market. Future Container Market will be driven by Inner East-Asian trade. World Container market is projected to grow from 400 million TEUs to 797 million TEUs in 2014 to 1938 million TEUs in 2027 for the best case scenario. Although Indias GDP growth is around 8% per year and India has a 15% share in the Worlds population, its share in the world container is only 1.1%. This is mainly because GDP in India is still mainly driven by service industries (e.g. IT, Banking), as comparable to the manufacturing sector in China. The situation may change in the future and India is expected to become one of the dominant players in the East-Asia container market in the midterm when China is cooling down, but not at the scale of China. Indias

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Container market is expected to rise from current 5.11 Million TEUs to 15.1 Million TEUs in 2014-15 to 48.5 Million TEUs in 2027-28. For TPT, The container market is and will be mainly driven by the garment industry with growth rates of up to 30% per annum especially when the free trade is fully realized. Machinery will give the container growth a second stable base for the future. Well developed hinterland network will also boost up the future EXIM-trade. TPTs container market is expected to rise from 0.32 million TEUs currently to 1.18 million TEUs in 2014-15 to 3.53 million TEUs in 2027-28 in the expected case including both domestic and transhipment volumes. For TPT, Transhipment can be attracted especially for cargo on the following transport routes o West Coast of India Eastbound (Imports and exports) o East Coast of India Westbound (Imports and exports) o Transhipment potential from the West coast is less as already huge share of the volumes is going via direct calls to the final destination. o Expected transhipment volumes for TPT are from 0.4 Million TEUs in 2014 to 0.9 Million TEUs in 2027.

Competitor Analysis Exports/ Imports, TPT is in a better position overall against Port of Cochin and Chennai. But for the scale and magnitude of infrastructure and operations, it scores over Chennai in terms of efficiency and performance. Compared with Cochin, TPT scores well on almost all the factors. Chennai has problems of congestion and capacity saturation. This may mean more traffic diversion to TPT in the future. Also, direct ship calls at EU and US is a big advantage for TPT. TPT scores over all other Ports in terms of market image. Marketing efforts of TPT are commendable. TPT has much less labour issues with workforce than the other Ports.

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Two major bottlenecks for TPT are hinterland rail connectivity and higher Port dues and charges. For transhipment market, TPTs current situation is better than Cochin but nowhere near Colombo, if it has to become a transhipment hub Port of South-East Asia. The planned Port of Vizhinjam has much better chances with over 20 meters of natural draught.

Traffic and Vessel Forecast Tuticorin traffic is estimated to reach about 40 MT by 2014 and 80 MT by the year 2027 in the expected case scenario. Vessel traffic is estimated to reach 2200 numbers by the year 2014 and double in the next 10 years to 4400 numbers.Financial YearThermal Coal Industrial Coal FRM Fertilizers Copper Concentrate Timber Liquid Bulk (POL) Liquid Bulk (Others) Other Cargo Containers Containers

milliontonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes TEU

07_086.1 1.4 1 0.5 2 0.4 0.8 0.4 3.7 4.9 0.46

10_116.1 1.7 1.1 0.6 2 0.5 0.9 0.5 4.4 8 0.73

14_1513.9 2.3 1.2 0.7 2 0.5 1 0.5 5.5 13.3 1.18

20_2115.1 3.5 1.3 0.9 2 0.5 1.2 0.6 7.3 24.7 2.11

27_2815.1 6 1.5 1.1 2 0.5 1.5 0.8 9.7 42.5 3.53

Total

tonnes

21.3

25.7

40.7

57.1

80.8

Table 1: Volume forecast (Expected Scenario) Transhipment TPT Transhipment million TEU 09_10 0.12 14_15 0.36 19_20 0.61 24_25 0.84 27_28 0.92

Table 2: Container transhipment volume (included in the total container volume)

Capacity Requirements Some of the infrastructure specifications for future cargo and container traffic is as follows

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Maximum vessel size future DWT tonnes / TEU Container 8,000 TEU 100,000 tonnes Thermal Coal Industrial Coal FRM Fertilizer Copper Conc. Timber Construction material Liquid bulk Other cargo 65,000 tonnes 10,000 tonnes 80,000 tonnes 100,000 tonnes 70,000 tonnes 70,000 tonnes 35,000 tonnes 25,000 tonnes 20,000 tonnes

Maximum vessel size length M 320 m

Maximum vessel draft future m 14.5 m

Berth / Jetty length

Berth / Jetty depth

m 350.0 m

m 16.0 m

225 m 225 m 225 m 190 m 185 m 170 m 150 m

10.7 m 13.0 m 11.0 m 11.0 m 11.0 m 9.0 m 11.0 m

250.0 m 250.0 m 250.0 m 200.0 m 190.0 m 200.0 m 150.0 m

12.0 m 14.0 m 12.0 m 12.0 m 12.0 m 10.0 m 12.0 m

250 m 130 m

13.0 m 8.0 m

250.0 m 150.0 m

14.0 m 9.0 m

Table 3: Berth Specifications for different goods

Berth requirements for the Port has been derived based on the forecasted volume and berth productivity. Some national and international

benchmarks have been taken as reference for berth productivity figures. Total number of berths required at each period of time is shown below:Total number of berths needed 07_08 Container quay meter Container berths (350m) Container area (storage) Berths (Dusty dry bulk) Berths (Break bulk, clean dry bulk) Thermal Coal Jetties Other dry bulk cargo jetties Liqid bulk (POL) Jetties Liqid bulk (Others) Berths / Jetties Total number of berths Table 4: Number of berths needed 305 m 1,0 Berths 31 ha 2,0 Berths 7,0 Berths 2,0 Berths 0,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 0,0 Berths 13,0 Berths 10_11 488 m 2,0 Berths 37 ha 0,0 Berths 7,0 Berths 2,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 14,0 Berths 14_15 789 m 3,0 Berths 47 ha 0,0 Berths 7,0 Berths 3,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 16,0 Berths 20_21 1.405 m 5,0 Berths 84 ha 0,0 Berths 9,0 Berths 3,0 Berths 2,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 21,0 Berths 27_28 2.352 m 7,0 Berths 141 ha 0,0 Berths 11,0 Berths 3,0 Berths 2,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 1,0 Berths 25,0 Berths

24


Land Use Plan Some of the major needs for Non containerized cargo are as follows: o Minimum one additional mechanized dry bulk cargo jetty (berth) has to be provided to cover the future demand with a higher draught, keeping in mind the future increase in vessel sizes. Mechanization will also eliminate the evacuation problem. o Port has to augment the transport infrastructure inside the Port, both in terms of road and rail to streamline the flow of bulk goods in the Port. Major needs for Containerised cargo are as follows: o The container traffic is the main driver for the growth of the Port in the future. Separate land approach to the container terminals is needed to avoid congestions for the container traffic. o Port has to develop good intermodal facilities to reach extended hinterland. Proposed land use plan o TransCare has proposed to add about additional 710 hectares of land from the fly ash reclaimed area for operational usage in the future.

25


Area to be Reclaimed

NEW LIGHT HOUSE

S. No. 1 2 3 4 5

Description Residential & Plantation Commercial& Industrial Proposed area for future power plants Bulk Cargo Storage Warehouse Area Container Yard Break Bulk Storage Trucks Parking Area

Area 155 ha 50 ha 75 ha 40 ha 15 ha 40 ha 25 ha 18 ha

220 haPort BoundaryTO TU TICOR IN

6HARE ISLAND

Area Proposed for fly ash Reclamation

250 haOURSE

ROAD

Fly ash reclaimed area

4

6REAR LEADING LIGHT

LINK

240 ha TTPSLOW LYING AREA

7 8

SURP LUS C

3

7

8KOR A MP ALLA MC.I.S.F QUARTERS

CON

TAIN

ER YAR D CON

INDIA

CON

N POTASH GODOW N

PRIVA TE PETRO L BUNK

V.O.C. ROAD

CECRI, MMD, CUSTO MS QUART ERS

PSC,M

MD, TEMPO CUSTOMS RARY QUART ERS

OHT

CON

COMME RCIAL

5ROAD

TNW HC GOD

V.C.M

WAR EH

TAINER

YARDOWN S

OUS E

TAIN

6

RAILW

AY QUART

ER YAR D

NLC, 95 haAREA FORERS

RAILWAY

78WOR

S

BU

I.O.CLD TRAD E AVEN UEY PARK LORRAREA ING

TAIN

LK ST CARG OR AR AGE O EA

FRONT LEADING LIGHTNO RT H

ER YAR

D

R

QUAR TERS

BUNK

PETR OL

R

PORT SCHO OL GROU NDPORT SCHOOL S

T

7H ROAD BEAC

KOVI L

OIL JETTY WITH ADDITIONALCA R

S

SPACE FOR PROVIDING UNLOADING ARMGO BE RT H

E

PORT

SPIC

Q

U

PUMP HOUSE

7QUAR TERS

A

PORT HOSPITAL

O.H.TADMIN. OFFICES

SIDE TO

CISF OFFICE

1CONS TRUC TION ROAD

RLY.

R.C. CHURCH

CHILDRENS PARK PORT GUEST HOUSE

INSP.BUNGALOW FOR TNEB

GULF OF MANNARO PR AP H AC

TAC

AN CH

2Area for expansion

L NE

Existing Operational Area Existing Residential Area Existing Plantation Area

Office Area

Main Railway Line Main Approach Road Proposed Inland Road

TransCare Proposed Area for New Projects TransCare Proposal for reclamation

Figure 1: Proposed Land use plan (s. enlarged picture on Figure 43 )

Port planning o TransCare has evolved six layout alternatives to cater to the needs of the Port in the next 20 years expansion of the port in the outer harbour o Based on factors like investments required, future capacity and market needs, access and internal logistics, all these alternatives have been ranked. o Some of the main advantages of the proposed layout are: Module wise development Phase-wise development of breakwater possible Back up area increase for bulk cargo Shortening distance to intermediate storage places Good opportunity for integration of railway operations Extended northern breakwater utilized for cargo handling Less extension of the outer harbour into the sea

26


Liquid bulk storage yard 40,000 sqm

Bulk storage yard 144,000 sqm Fertilizer raw materials

Bulk storage yard 240,000 sqm Industrial Coal Copper Concentrate

IAN POT

ASH

GODOWN

PVT.HOT EL

Shipbuilding yard 446,000 sqm

135m

3 separated gates for break bulk, bulk and container

NCB CJ 1re 15 ak 00 bu 54 m lk 12 ha quay term .8m leng inal draf th t

OJ

CJ 2

B

te wa ak Bre

Container terminal 3rd module 1150m quay length xxx ha 14,5 draft Container terminal 1st module 1150m quay length 53 ha 16m draft

Dy ke

le ter wa ak Bre th ng m 50 32

r leDusty Cargo Jetty 2

Dusty Cargo Jetty

OJ

th ng2

m 00 19

Container terminal 2nd module 1550m length 93ha 16m draft

er kwat Brea

00m th 23 leng

Rank 1 Recommended Layout



Liquid bulk storage yard 40,000 sqm



PVT.HO TEL

135m


N

P VT.HOTEL

Shipbuilding yard 446,000 sqm

NCB CJ 1Bre 70 ak 54 0m bulk 12 ha quay term .8m len ina gth l dra ft135m


CC & RPShipbuilding yard 446,000 sqmCopper concentrate & Rock phosphate

OJ

NCB CJ 1 OJ

CJ 2

CJ 2Break bulk Terminal 1500m quay length 54 ha 7m - 12.8m draft

14

ng

th

r le

Container terminal 1st module 1350m quay length 128 ha 16m draft

ak

wat e

te wa ak Bre th ng r le m 00 19

00

m

ak Bre

Container terminal 1st module 2300m quay length 118 ha 16m draft

th ng r le te wa

Bulk Jetty cargo

Rank 2 Layout Alternate

Figure 2: Ranking of Layouts (s. enlarged pictures at Figure 51, Figure 47, Figure 50)

er kwat Brea leng th 23 00m

m 00 19

Bre

Dusty Cargo Jetty

OJ

Bre akw

ate r le

Container terminal 2nd module 1400m quay length 92 ha 16m draft

ng

th

Container terminal 2nd module 1550m quay length 93ha 16m draft

195 0m

Container terminal 3rd module 1500m quay length 80 ha 16m draft

ater akw Bre

leng

00m th 23

gth r len kwate Brea

m 2200

Rank 2 Layout Alternate

27


Planned Client/ Public related investment o All the NMDP proposed projects have been analysed from both logistics and financial point of view as independent projects and the Consultants have given their views. o Except for the container terminal 9, TransCare recommends to implement all the projects as per the plan with the suggested financial model. TransCare recommends implementing the

container terminal No9 directly in the outer harbour. Investment Planning and Financial Evaluation o The total investments planned for Tuticorin Port Trust is about Rs. 41,000 million/ US$920 million over the next twenty years. o All the investments proposed are very critical for the Port to support their business in the future. The investments are spread across wide areas of cargoes - Setting up of captive berths to General Cargo berths to setting up outer harbour to support container business. o Major investments, about 90% is being done in the areas of deepening the channel and inner harbour and the investments in outer harbour development. Out of these two, outer harbour is going to be a critical project for Tuticorin Port in the future.

Table 5: Investments for major projects

28


Business Plan Financial Projections o Ports revenue is growing at a CAGR of 10% over a period of 20 years. It is growing at more than 10% in the initial years due to additional revenue from the volume due to new thermal power plants in Tuticorin.

Table 6: Financial projections

o Costs of the Port are growing at a lesser rate than that of the revenue growth rate as the Port will not add more overhead in the future and will go for more public private partnership model for the Port operation. o Profit margin is expected to grow at a CAGR of about 10% over the next 20 years. o BOT operators would alone contribute more than about one-third of the revenue for the Port by the year 2028. o The revenue per tonne would increase from Rs .98 in 2006 to Rs. 173 in 2028, and the cost per tonne would also increase from Rs. 38 to Rs. 46 in the next 20 years. The net profit per tonne, would almost triple from Rs. 31 to Rs. 81 during the same period. o Cost per tonne has not increased proportional to the revenue per tonne due to the reason that more and more operations are being taken up in PPP mode and 40% of the revenue will alone be contributed by this mode at the end of 20 years, as discussed earlier, and the overhead costs for the Port will decrease.

29


1 Major Results1.1 Port Description1.1.1 Tuticorin Port Trust

Tuticorin Port is one among the 12 major Ports in India situated on the south eastern coast of India bordering the Gulf of Mannar in the state of Tamil Nadu (latitude 845 N, longitude, 7813 E.). The Port is located at about 129 nautical miles from the International mainline shipping route connecting the far-east with the western region.

Figure 3: Major Seaports in India

30


The Port is an artificial harbour impounding sheltered waters between northern and southern breakwaters which face Sri Lanka on the opposite side. The mentioned breakwaters run almost parallel and provide an entrance to the Ocean end. The breakwaters project approximately 4 plus km into the sea.

1.1.2

Cargo Traffic

Tuticorin Port Trust handled about 17.14 MT during the year 2005-06 and it has grown at a CAGR of 7% during the period 2001-06. Details about the traffic in the Major Ports during the last five years is as shown below:

All Figs in MT Chennai Cochin Ennore Haldia JNPT Kandla Kolkatta Mormugao Mumbai New Mangalore Paradip Tuticorin Vizag

2001-02 36.12 12.06 3.40 25.03 22.52 37.73 5.37 22.93 26.43 17.50 21.13 13.02 44.34

2002-03 33.69 13.00 8.49 28.60 26.84 40.63 7.20 23.65 26.80 21.43 23.90 13.29 46.01

2003-04 36.71 13.57 9.28 32.57 31.19 41.52 8.69 27.87 30.00 26.67 25.31 13.68 47.74

2004-05 43.81 14.10 9.48 36.26 32.81 41.55 9.95 30.66 35.19 33.89 30.10 15.81 50.15 383.75

2005-06 47.25 13.94 9.17 42.22 37.75 45.91 10.81 31.69 44.19 34.45 33.11 17.14 55.80 423.41

CAGR (2001-06) 6.9% 3.7% 28.1% 14.0% 13.8% 5.0% 19.1% 8.4% 13.7% 18.4% 11.9% 7.1% 5.9% 10.2%

287.58 313.53 344.80 Total Major Table 7: Trade Statistics Major Ports in India

31


Cargo for captive industries constitutes about 50% of the overall traffic at Tuticorin Port. Some of the major captive industries located in Tuticorin are Tuticorin Thermal Power Station (TTPS), Southern Petrochemicals Industries Corporation (SPIC), Sterlite, Tuticorin Alkali Chemicals (TAC), Kilburn Chemicals and Dharangdhara Chemical Works (DCW). They mainly consume thermal coal, copper concentrate, rock phosphate and sulphur. The trade at Tuticorin Port can be best addressed by viewing the past Imports and exports of the Port.

18 16 Traffic in million tonnes 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 199596 199697 199798 199899 199900 Import 200001 200102 200203 Total 200304 200405 200506

Export

Table 8: Trade Statistics Tuticorin Port Trust

Tuticorin is majorly an import oriented Port. Import Constitutes about 75% to 78% of the traffic as shown above. Export is mainly driven by the container market. Details about the hinterland market drivers for imports and exports are being discussed in detail in the following chapters. 1.1.2.1 General Cargo Import: The growth of import volumes in the past five years has been mainly driven by the following cargoes:

32


Thermal coal Industrial coal Copper concentrate Fertilizer Raw materials (Rock Phosphate, Sulphur) Liquid bulk (mainly POL) General Cargo (Finished Fertilisers, Timber etc.,)

These commodities are responsible for nearly 90% of the import volume of 13.4 million tonnes in the year 2005-06.

Import (All figs in MT) Thermal Coal Industrial Coal Copper Concentrate Sulphur Rock Phosphate Urea DAP MOP Timber POL Other Liquids Containers Sugar Others Total

2001-02 5.19 0.682 0.542 0.072 0.423 0 0.025 0.259 0.462 0.429 0.455 0.919 0 0.353 9.811

2002-03 5.015 0.514 0.586 0.102 0.56 0 0.005 0.142 0.413 0.491 0.395 0.926 0.036 0.378 9.563

2003-04 5.266 0.523 0.626 0.07 0.539 0 0.009 0.168 0.456 0.558 0.431 1.102 0.095 0.341 10.184

2004-05 5.374 1.038 0.667 0.083 0.581 0.011 0 0.286 0.476 0.73 0.45 1.244 0.735 0.384 12.059

2005-06 6.146 1.094 1.014 0.083 0.875 0.111 0.037 0.336 0.428 0.765 0.408 1.393 0.184 0.5 13.374

CAGR (2001-06) 4.3% 12.5% 17.0% 3.6% 19.9% NA 10.3% 6.7% -1.9% 15.6% -2.7% 11.0% NA 9.1% 8.1%

Table 9: Major Import goods in Tuticorin Port Trust

Thermal coal traffic is being driven by the captive thermal power plant, TTPS. Copper concentrate volume has doubled in the last five years and is expected to grow another 2 times until the year 2008, at which time the Sterlite plant will have reached full capacity. The fertilizer industry in the Tuticorin area is dominated by

33


the SPIC and by TAC, which is a 100% affiliate of SPIC. The current volume of FRM being rock phosphate and sulphur is about 1 million tonne. This includes import volume of Sterlite of about 600,000 tonnes. The main consumers for industrial coal are currently the cement and the paper industries. Industrial coal volume has been growing at a CAGR of 12% over the last five years. Import of finished fertilisers (Urea, DAP, MOP) also show a healthy growth rate of 14% over the last five years. Within liquid bulk, the main products are POL products which represent a 70% share of the volume in the year 2005-06. Furthermore, palm oil Imports now share about 11% of the total liquid bulk, with these Imports only starting five years ago in 2001-02 and growing at a CAGR of 25%. The volume for timber logs was more or less stable over the last five years with a CAGR of (-2%) from 2001 to 2006.

Export: The main drivers for the growth of the export volume in the last six years were General cargo, Construction materials, Cement and Ilmenite ore.

Export (All figs in MT) Wheat Cement Salt Ilmenite Sand Granite Construction Material Sugar Containers

2001-02 0.285 0.031 0.392 0.062 0.276 0.031 0.433 1.279

2002-03 0.856 0.04 0.181 0.122 0.343 0.096 0.514 1.375

2003-04 0.293 0.031 0.081 0.184 0.385 0.148 0.19 1.585

2004-05 0.042 0.08 0.091 0.195 0.434 0.292 0.01 1.961

2005-06 0 0.206 0.04 0.193 0.33 0.414 0 2.035

CAGR (2001-06) NA 60.6% -43.5% 32.8% 4.6% 91.2% -100.0% 12.3%

34


Others Total

0.223 3.206

0.196 3.729

0.282 3.494

0.228 3.75

0.169 3.764

-6.7% 4.1%

Table 10: Major Export goods in Tuticorin Port Trust

General cargo is mainly driven by containerized cargo which represents more than 70% of the total volume. Construction materials are mainly exported to Maldives. The volume has highly increased during the last five years at a CAGR of 90%. Food grains such as wheat, sugar show a great seasonal trend.

1.1.2.2 Containers Container volume in Tuticorin Port has been growing at a CAGR of 10.7% over the last five years against the growth rate of 15.4% of Indian container market.

All figs in million TEUs Kolkatta Haldia Vizag Chennai Tuticorin Cochin JNPT Mumbai Kandla Sub-Total Others Total

2001-02 0.098 0.093 0.022 0.344 0.214 0.152 1.573 0.254 0.126 2.876 0.01 2.886

2002-03 0.106 0.117 0.022 0.425 0.213 0.166 1.93 0.213 0.157 3.349 0.017 3.366

2003-04 0.123 0.134 0.02 0.539 0.254 0.17 2.269 0.197 0.17 3.876 0.054 3.93

2004-05 0.159 0.129 0.046 0.618 0.307 0.186 2.371 0.219 0.18 4.215 0.272 4.487

2005-06 0.203 0.11 0.047 0.734 0.321 0.203 2.668 0.156 0.146 4.588 0.523 5.111

CAGR 20.0% 4.3% 20.9% 20.9% 10.7% 7.5% 14.1% -11.5% 3.8% 12.4% 168.9% 15.4%

Table 11: Container Traffic Major Ports in India

35


Import:

Import (in TEUs)

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

CAGR

Empty

35,229

46,979

60,525

72,832

69,774

18.6%

Loaded

68,344

57,476

65,308

75,836

86,243

6.0%

Total

103,573

104,455

125,833

148,668

156,017

10.8%

Table 12: Container Import Traffic Details - TPT

The main containerized import commodities handled at Tuticorin Port are Waste paper, Raw cashew and Machinery.

These three commodities alone represent more than 50% of the total import container volume. Top eight commodities alone are responsible for about 80% of the total import volume, please refer to the following Table 13.Market Share 2005 28,8% 14,3% 10,8% 7,8% 5,8% 4,1% 4,0% 3,8% 3,4%

Growth % Commodity Name Year 2004 Year 2005 31,5% 1 Waste Paper 17483 22982 1,3% 2 Raw Cashew 11286 11428 44,8% 4 Machinery 5947 8609 -35,0% 3 Raw Cotton 9647 6266 16,3% 5 Peas/Pulses items 3969 4615 51,4% 9 Metal scrap 2147 3250 6 Wood products 2976 3232 8,6% 17,0% 7 Chemicals 2560 2996 132,5% 8 Cotton fabrics 1155 2685 Table 13: Major commodities for import container market at TPT

Accumulated

28,8% 43,1% 53,9% 61,7% 67,5% 71,5% 75,6% 79,3% 82,7%

Major import sectors for Tuticorin Port are currently Africa, Far East / Japan and the US including Canada and South America. The import from America is driven mainly by waste paper with more than 50% of all container Imports from America. The other major regions for the import of waste paper are Continental Europe

36


and the Indian Sub-continent. The other main goods from Indian Subcontinent are food items and metal scrap, and from Europe machinery.

Import by origin Africa Australia / New Zealand Far East / Japan Indian Sub-Continent Middle East Mediterranean Russia UK / Continental / Scandinavian US / Canada / S.America Sum 2003 15,233 1,112 10,374 5,693 7,227 5,589 719 5,218 12,007 63,172

Volumes 2004 18,016 916 10,615 7,779 7,846 4,767 493 8,571 10,614 69,617

2005 14,280 1,012 12,760 10,621 9,705 8,154 1,111 9,230 13,093 79,966

CAGR -3.2% -4.6% 10.9% 36.6% 15.9% 20.8% 24.3% 33.0% 4.4% 12.5%

Market share 2005 17.9% 1.3% 16.0% 13.3% 12.1% 10.2% 1.4% 11.5% 16.4% 100.0%

Table 14: Market shares by sector for import containers at TPT (Volumes in TEUs)

Export:Export (in TEUs) 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 CAGR

Empty

10,627

4,050

6,627

6,697

3,837

-22.5%

Loaded

99,309

104,420

121,420

152,395

161,206

12.9%

Total

109,936

108,470

128,047

159,092

165,043

10.7%

Table 15: Container Export Traffic Details - TPT

Export container volumes are mainly driven by Garments, cotton yarn and cotton piece goods

These three goods are responsible for more than 50% of the volume. Cotton yarn was the only commodity from the major goods which had negative growth rates

37


in the last six years, which is mainly due to fulfilment of the needs in South India by domestic production from North and Central India.Commodity Name Year 2004 TEU 42.465 21.538 13.182 7.983 4.239 5.065 4.587 4.510 4.559 2.955 3.383 Year 2005 TEU 49.384 17.862 17.345 9.238 6.824 5.887 5.756 5.459 4.714 4.547 4.187 Growth % 16,3% -17,1% 31,6% 15,7% 61,0% 16,2% 25,5% 21,0% 3,4% 53,9% 23,8% Market Share Accumulated Share 2005 31,1% 31,1% 11,2% 42,3% 10,9% 53,2% 5,8% 59,0% 4,3% 63,3% 3,7% 67,0% 3,6% 70,7% 3,4% 74,1% 3,0% 77,1% 2,9% 79,9% 2,6% 82,6%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Garments Cotton Yarn Cotton piece goods Garnet sand Vegetables / Fruits Machinery Granite Items / Tiles Frozen Sea Foods Paper products Coir Products DCP/Chemicals

Table 16: Major commodities for export container market at TPT

The main export markets for Tuticorin Port are Europe and US which are responsible for about 70% of the export containers. The volumes for US and Europe are mainly driven by the commodities of garments which has a share on the total export volume to these destinations of 40 to 55%. Furthermore these regions take the major market share for cotton piece goods, machineries, and granite items.

Export by destination Africa Australia / New Zealand Far East / Japan Indian Sub-Continent Middle East Mediterranean Russia UK / Continental / Scandinavia US / Canada / S.America Sum 2003 2,243 2,317 14,031 10,847 8,941 15,263 1,116 33,445 22,647 110,850

Volumes 2004 3,405 2,118 17,596 13,692 9,416 19,700 1,437 43,340 33,045 143,749

2005 4,152 1,908 15,385 14,216 10,971 21,804 1,800 49,192 39,487 158,915

CAGR 36.1% -9.3% 4.7% 14.5% 10.8% 19.5% 27.0% 21.3% 32.0%

Market share 2005 2.6% 1.2% 9.7% 8.9% 6.9% 13.7% 1.1% 31.0% 24.8% 100.0%

Table 17: Market share by sector for export containers at TPT (Volumes in TEU)

38


1.1.3

Vessel Traffic

The present vessel size mix at Tuticorin Port is shown in the table below. Currently there are no vessels for Crude calling at Tuticorin and there are no regular passenger carriers.

S.No. 1 2

Category Containers- Cellular Break Bulk Dry Bulk

Number 518 540

GRT 6,216,335 2,374,483

NRT 2,991,929 1,244,720

DWT 7,764,764 3,387,126

3

- Conventional - Mechanical Liquid Bulk - Crude

179 151

3,763,579 4,233,792

2,145,021 2,166,662

6,230,892 6,829,642

76 28 21 35 28 1576

1,392,340 383,936 94,002 204,009 7,490 18,669,966

625,353 122,482 47,286 90,757 6,495 9,440,705

2,137,118 432,569 151,928 294,013 11,227 27,239,279

4

- Product (POL& LPG) - Chemicals - Vegetable Oils - Others

5

Small Vessels at Zone - B Total

Table 18: Vessel size mix at Tuticorin Port for the year 2005_06 (Source: TPT)

There are many regular container services going from and to Tuticorin Container Terminal (TCT), which is operated by a private operator PSA-SICAL. Regular Container services from and to Tuticorin container terminal are as follows: Colombo Singapore port Klang Jebel Ali US East Coast US West Coast Europe & China 9 services per week 2 services per week 2 services per week 2 services per week 2 service per week 1 service per week 1 service per week

39


One example for regular container services is the Round The World (RTW) service operated by RASIA / GSL / CSCL is shown on the figure below.

Figure 4: Route of Round the world container service (Source PSASICAL)

1.1.4

Modal Split Analysis

Road dominates the mode of transport in Tuticorin Port with a share of 83% in the year 2005-06, excluding the transfer of thermal coal by conveyor to the captive thermal power plant. This is attributed to the closeness of the hinterland to the Port and relatively better road connectivity than rail.

Mode of Transport Road Rail Pipelines Conveyor Total

2004-05 Import (in MT) 5.149 0.532 1.004 5.373 12.06 Export (in MT) 3.646 0.0916 0.0126 0 3.75 Total (in MT) 8.795 0.6236 1.0166 5.373 15.81 % 55.6% 3.9% 6.4% 34.0% 100.0% Import (in MT) 5.43 0.741 1.053 6.15 13.37

2005-06 Export (in MT) 3.66 0.094 0.008 0 3.76 Total (in MT) 9.09 0.835 1.061 6.15 17.14 % 53.0% 4.9% 6.2% 35.9% 100.0%

Table 19: TPT Modal split for the year 2004-05 and 2005-06

40


Upon importing the liquid goods via pipeline from the vessels, they are also being distributed to the hinterland by means of road. This further increases the road share to 90%. Rail carried a measly volume of less than a million tonne of the total traffic during the year 2005-06. TamilNadu Newsprint and Papers Limited (TNPL) carry their share of industrial coal of about 0.5MT by rail only. This forms a major share of about 50 to 60% of total rail traffic in TPT. This is followed by dispatch of finished fertilisers to the hinterlands by rail. Majority of the food grains (import/ export) are also being carried by rail, though the trend of these cargoes is more seasonal. Though containers are not currently being transported by rail, there would be a shift from road to rail in the future with the rail infrastructure development projects that are on the anvil.

41


LOW LYING AREA

HO US E

Coal Jetty 1BU LK S T CAR OR G AR AGE O EA

C

WA

RE

V.C.M

FRONT LEADING LIGHTNO RT

Liquid Bulk JettyOIL JETTY WITH ADDITIONAL SPACE FOR PROVIDING UNLOADING A

H

CA

RG O

BE RT H

Coal Jetty 2

ADMIN. OFFICES

Cargo Berth 8 Shallow berths Container Berth 7 PSA/SICAL Cargo Berths 5 - 6 Cargo Berths 1 - 4Figure 5: Tuticorin Port Trust Existing MapCH OA PR AP L NE AN CH

42


1.1.5

Port Infrastructure

1.1.5.1 Dimensions Tuticorin Port is an artificial harbour with parallel breakwaters projecting into the sea. The south breakwater has a length of 3.8 km and the North breakwater has a length of 4.1km. The distance between the two breakwaters is about 1,275 m. The harbour is served by an approach channel, 2.4 km length and 183 m width. The draught of the approach channel is 12.5 m. Tuticorin harbour basin has a maximum depth of 10.7m with a turning circle diameter of 488m.Maximum No. Name Type Quay Maximum size of vessel that can be accommodated Length(m) 183* 183* 245* 245* 183* 245* 245 245* 120 DWT 25000 40000 50000 50000 40000 40000 50000 65000 5000 Break bulk Break bulk Break bulk / Dry bulk Break bulk / Dry bulk Break bulk Break bulk Containers Break bulk / Dry bulk Break bulk / Dry bulk Remarks

permissible Length draught (m) (m) 9.30 9.30 10.70 10.70 8.60 9.30 10.90 10.90 5.85 168 168 192 192 168 168 370 345.5 140

1 Berth No.I 2 Berth No.II 3 Berth No.III 4 Berth No.IV 5 Berth No.V 6 Berth No.VI 7 Berth No.VII 8 Berth No.VIII 9 Shallow water berth I Shallow water berth II

Alongside Alongside Alongside Alongside Alongside Alongside Alongside Alongside Alongside

10

Alongside Jetty Jetty Jetty

5.85 10.70 10.90 10.90

121 228 185 200

75 229 225 225

5000 65000 52378 77400

Passenger Liquid Bulk Thermal Coal (Captive) Thermal Coal (Captive)

11 Oil jetty 12 Coal jetty-I 13 Coal jetty-II

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*Subject to availability of space.vessel for berthing and unberthing

There should be at least 15 m clearance from forward and after end of the

Table 20: TPT - Berth dimensions

1.1.5.2 Cargo Handling Equipments

An overview of the cargo handling equipment is given in the following table.Berth 1 & 2Equipment Electric Wharf crane El t i Wh f Number 2 1 Capacity 6 tons 10 t Remarks 23,0 m outreach 23 0 t h

Berth 3 & 4Equipment Electric Wharf crane Number 3 Capacity 20 tons Remarks Grab crane

Coal Jetty 1Equipment Hopper Conveyor Number 7 1 Capacity 100 tons 2000 tons per hour Remarks

Coal Jetty 2Equipment Hopper Conveyor Number 7 1 Capacity 100 tons 2000 tons per hour Remarks

Other eqipment owned by the portEquipment Number Capacity Remarks

Top lift trucks M bilLocomotive

3 21

40 tons 75 t1.500 tons

For moving of containers L di / l di t h ll b th Removal of trains from the marshalling yard to the port and v.v.

Container Terminal (eqipment not owned bythe port)Equipment Ship to shore cranes Rubber tyred gantry cranes Lorries Refer points Number 3 8 12 84 Capacity Remarks 40 tons 2 new cranes, up to 45 transshipments per hour 1 nearly 20 year old crane from Taiwan 4 new 4 used ones 1 over 4

Table 21: Equipment at the berths

At berth I and II the 10 ton crane is already dismantled and not in service anymore.

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Berth No. 3 and 4 are equipped with three 20T electric cranes that are being predominantly used to unload bulk cargoes. Coal Jetty I and II are equipped with hoppers and conveyors to unload thermal coal for the captive power plant. Additional berths I and II are largely being used for break bulk cargoes like construction materials, timber, granite etc., As there are no shore handling cranes, the ship cranes are being used for the handling purposes. The oil jetty is equipped with seven different unloading pipelines for Naphta, LPG, Ammonia, furnace oil, Diesel, and PVCM. There are two lines for Naphta, therefore there are seven pipelines for six goods groups.

1.1.5.3 Storage Facilities The storage capacity at the wharf area is shown in the following table. Since Tuticorin Port is majorly built on breakwaters, Port is not endowed with enough back up area. This is a problem, particularly for handling bulk cargo. The bulk storage area is located at about 3kms from the wharf area. Hence, enough number of tippers need to be engaged to evacuate the cargo from the wharf, which leads to other consequences like increase in the traffic inside the Port, higher stevedoring charges etc.,Berth Name VOC I VOC II VOC III VOC IV Additional Berth I Additional Berth II Container Terminal 8th Berth Shallow Berth I Shallow Berth II Finger Jetty Oil Jetty Marine Unloading Arms Nil Facilities Transit Sheds: Area - 10,800 sq.m.

Open Storage Area: 42,000 sq.m.

Open Storage Area: 60,000 sq.m. 10 ha area Open Storage Area: 5 ha

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Coal Jetty I Coal Jetty II Table 22: Terminal areas at TPT

Shore Reception Hoppers

Within the green gate (port harbour boundary) area, there are expansion possibilities next to the warehouses and bulk storage areas, where an area of about 32 ha has been reclaimed. Outside the green gate about 200 hectares has been reclaimed from the sea for future use, pending Government environmental approval.Type A. OWNED BY PORT 1. Transit shed 2. Warehouses 3. Open spaces 2 4 .. Inside 533,000 .. .. Inside Inside 10,800 20,550 .. .. .. .. .. .. 54,000 TEUs .. .. .. NO. Location Dry Storage Area (Sqm.) Liquid storage Type of cargo Container storage Remarks

B. OWNED BY PRIVATE PARTIES OWNED 1. Warehouses 14 Outside 423,000 .. .. .. BY: TNWHC OWNED BY: CWC

2. Warehouses

2

Outside

36,000

..

..

..

3. Tank

3

Inside

..

15,000 M3

Phosporic acid Naptha

..

SPIC

4. Tank

1

Outside

..

13,700 Kl.

..

5. Tank

1

Outside

..

13,800 Kl.

Naptha

..

6. Tank

1

Outside

..

14,100 Kl.

Naptha

..

7. Tank 8. Tank 9. Tank

3 1 1

Outside Outside Outside

.. .. ..

25,500 Kl. 750 Kl. 540 Kl.

Furnace oil LSFO LSHFHSD

.. .. ..

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10. Tank 11. Tank

3 2

Outside Outside

.. ..

7,800 Kl. 15,000 Kl.

Petrol HSD

.. ..

12. Tank 13. Tank 14. Tank 15. Tank 16. Tank 17. Tank

2 2 1 10 1 1

Outside Outside Outside Outside Outside Outside

.. .. .. .. .. -

10,830 Kl. 7,790 Kl. 15,000 Kl. 2,000 M3 5,000 M3 10,000 M3

Kerosene EDC LPG VCM VCM Ammonia

.. .. .. .. .. .. SPIC

Table 23: Storage facilities at TPT

Outside the Port harbour boundary, TamilNadu Warehouse Corporation (TWC) owns 14 warehouses with an area of about 423,000 sq.m. These warehouses are primarily being used for storing finished fertilisers, food grains etc., These are located next to the railway marshalling yard so as to enable easy handling of these cargoes.

For the container business at TPT, the container terminal is well supported by eight Container Freight Stations (CFS) and one Inland Container Depot (ICD), which are responsible for 70% of the import traffic. The location of the CFS and ICD are as shown below:

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Figure 6: CFS and ICD in Tuticorin district

1.1.5.4 Port Road Infrastructure The harbour area is connected to the mainland by means of a four lane approach road laid on the break waters and another approach road from the Port gate to the National Highways. The approach road to the Port handles on an average about 3000 trucks in a day including both outstation trucks and the tippers shuttling between the captive industries and the Port. More details about the Road hinterland connectivity has been discussed in the hinterland connectivity. 1.1.5.5 Port Rail Infrastructure Port Marshalling yard is located behind the Tamil Nadu warehouse building. Currently, this yard has about 5 sidings. Cargoes like fertilisers and food grains are currently being loaded from the marshalling yard. A single line broad gauge link connects the marshalling yard to the harbour area. Industrial Coal for TNPL is currently being directly loaded from the wharf area to the rail and dispatched to the hinterland. Rail is expected to handle about 15 trains per day in the future.

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NEW LIGHT HOUSE

HARE ISLAND

Port Boundary

TO TU TICOR IN

Railway Marshalling Yard Flyash Reclaimed Area Main Railway LineREAR LEADING LIGHT

ROAD

LINK

OURS E

LUS C

Main Approach Road

SURP

TTPSLOW LYING AREA

CONTA INER YAR

DRAIL WAY QUAR TERS

AREA

FOR

YARD

INDIAN

KOR A

HC GO DOW

WA RE

PRIVA TE PETR OL BUNK

CONTA INER YARDV.O.C .ROA D

POTAS H GODO

WN

TNW

V.C.MNS

HO US EBU LK ST CAR OR G AR AGE O EA

CONTA INER

RAILW AYS

MPA

IL

LLAMQUA

I, MMD , CUST OMS QUAR TERS

CECR

PSC, MMD , CUST TEMP OMS ORAR Y QUAR TERS

COM

OHT

CONTA IAL ROAD INER YARD

MERC

WORLD

I.O.CTRADE AVENUEPARKING LORRY A ARE

FRONT LEADING LIGHTNO RT H

S

RTE RS

KOV

R

OIL JETTY WITH ADDITIONALCA R

BUN K

ROL

R

PORT SCHOOL GRO UNDPORT SCHOO LS

T

SPACE FOR PROVIDING UNLOADING ARMGO BE RT H

POR T PET

SPIC

Q

U

C.I.S.F QUARTERS

A

PUM HOU P SE

E

PORT HOSPITAL

RS RTE QUA

O.H.TD CH ROA

ADMIN. OFFICES

DE TO

BEA

CISF OFFICE

RLY. SI

R.C. CHURCH

CHILDRENS PARK PORT GUEST HOUSE

INSP.BUNGALOW FOR TNEB

GULF OF MANNARP PR AP OA H CH

TAC

CONS TRUC TION ROAD

N AN CH L NE

Figure 7: Road/ Rail Infrastructure at TPT

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1.1.6

Operational Performance

The operational performance of the Port can be best measured by parameters like ship Turn Around Time (TAT) and Pre-Berthing Time (PBT). The operational parameters of Tuticorin Port during the last five years are shown below:

2001-02 No of ships (total excl. zone B) No of container ships PBT (days) TAT (days) Stay at Berth (days) Parcel Size (tonnes) Berth daily output (tonnes) 1400 488 0.44 2.97 2.36 9199 3900

2002-03 1426 474 0.3 2.54 2.09 9218 4403

2003-04 1517 516 0.07 1.95 1.82 9167 5040

2004-05 1479 463 0.07 2.22 2.05 10880 5280

2005-06 1548 518 0.13 2.23 2.04 10993 5392

Table 24: Performance Parameters at TPT

As can be seen from the table above, the PBT has decreased over the years from 0.44 days to 0.13 days. Berth No.8 was commissioned in the year 2002 and it is further dredged to 10.8m draught during the year 2003, which contributed to the reduction in the PBT during the years 2002-03 and 2003-04.

The vessel TAT also dropped from 2.97 days to 2.23 days over the period of last five years. Three 20T cranes were commissioned in the berths VOC III and VOC IV, which contributed to the reduction in the TAT from 2.54 days to 1.95 days during the year 2002-03 and 2003-04. Again TAT started increasing from 2003-04 as the bulk dusty cargo traffic started increasing and no further capacity was added to accommodate the same. Berth occupancy of these two berths also improved drastically due to the same reasons. Berth occupancy for these two berths have currently reached close to 70%, which has introduced congestion and increased PBT during the year 2005-06.

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All values in % No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 No.5 No.6 No.7 No.8 Shallow Berth No.1 Shallow Berth No.2 Oil Jetty Coal Jetty I Coal Jetty II1

Commodity Break Bulk Break Bulk Bulk - Dusty Cargo Break Bulk Break Bulk Containers Clean Cargo Break Bulk Break Bulk POL Thermal Coal

2001-02 93 90 81 80 87 87 32 62 77 67 26 71 65

2002-03 88 83 72 83 75 82 30 51 65 56 23 61 56

2003-04 80 82 51 47 84 71 38 58 50 39 22 56 52

2004-05 78 71 56 60 74 73 41 65 51 43 29 58 51

2005-06 81 71 67 69 75 69 37 66 51 48 32 63 65

Table 25: Berth Occupancy Statistics - TPT

As shown below, the volume of dusty cargo handled in berth nos III and IV has increased considerably from 2.2 million tonnes to 3.6 million tonnes at a CAGR of 11% over a period of five years. Also, traffic in the berth 8 has increased from 0.05 million tonnes to 0.8 million tonnes over the same period. With all these three berths racing towards their capacity limits to accommodate increase in dry bulk cargo volume, TPT needs to expedite its projects in adding capacity or introduce complete mechanisation for some of the dry bulk commodities to improve the operational performance parameters and reduce the logistics cost for the Users of the Port.

All values in tonnes Berth No. I Berth No. II Berth No. III

2001-02 544,484 565,717 1,127,824

2002-03 785,921 609,100 1,028,813

2003-04 458,839 438,103 1,002,619

2004-05 NA NA NA

2005-06 497,783 362,156 1,808,900

CAGR 2001-06 -2.2% -10.6% 12.5%

1

Berth number 7 is considered as 2 berths, 7a and 7b

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Berth No. IV Berth No. V Berth No. VI Berth No. VII Berth No. VIII Shallow Berth I Shallow Berth II Coal Jetty I Coal Jetty II Oil Jetty Finger Jetty Zone B Total

1,196,521 515,221 602,165 2,198,413 52,228 215,682 106,490 2,685,086 2,504,928 536,668 79,065 86,810 13,017,302

985,060 622,923 726,665 2,300,581 129,884 248,212 123,276 2,412,835 2,601,733 595,558

1,013,375 429,626 499,454 2,687,045 746,389 214,365 145,400 2,796,761 2,469,430 580,613

NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1,842,477 436,283 502,597 3,428,303 806,852 196,593 97,510 2,636,598 3,509,296 891,237

11.4% -4.1% -4.4% 11.7% 98.3% -2.3% -2.2% -0.5% 1.3% 59.9% -100.0%

122,965 13,293,526

196,402 13,678,421

NA NA

122,273 17,138,858

8.9% 7.1%

Table 26: Berthwise Cargo Handled Statistics - TPT

From the Customs front, Tuticorin Port uses an Electronic Data Processing System (EDP) that offers an online facility to exchange data between the Port and the following stakeholders of the Port. Customs PSA Sical - Container Terminal Remote areas Green gate Vessels

The system is in operation since April 2003 and the Users are satisfied about the documents processing time from the Customs. From the Ports perspective, Port needs to reduce the number of documents processing points for the trucks, which has been discussed in detail under the chapter 1.6.4, Capacity and Bottlenecks.

Regarding security measures at the Port, CISF (Central Industrial Security Force) is responsible for all persons, vehicles and goods entering and leaving the Port.

52


CISF fulfills the standards of ISPS level 1. Therefore CISF has obligation to check 5 % of everything arriving at or leaving the Port. Customs is checking about 5 % of the goods, actually satisfying the requirements of ISPS and CISF will not make anymore checking.

With regards to the ISPS standards, everyone entering the Port will be identified by authorised swiping cards electronically. This will be done at the green gate. CISF will also patrol around the land side part of the Port up to the harbour basin. So far there are no electrical surveillance systems operating at the Port. The prequalification phase for a CCTV system is currently running.

There is no Vessel Traffic Management System (VTMS) in operation at the moment. The Port of Tuticorin uses Automatic Identification System (AIS2). A radar system to track the vessels within the Port is planned to be installed until spring 2007. There is no other system planned until today, also because of simple operations, only one approach channel.

1.1.7

Capacity Analysis

TransCare has analysed the capacity of the existing facilities at Tuticorin Port Trust as follows:

2

The AIS is a shipboard broadcast system that acts like a transponder, operating in the VHF

maritime band, that is capable of handling well over 4,500 reports per minute and updates as often as every two seconds. It uses Self-Organizing Time Division Multiple Access (SOTDMA) technology to meet this high broadcast rate and ensure reliable ship-to-ship operation.

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Table 27: Existing Capacity Tuticorin Port Trust

1.2 Cargo Forecast1.2.1 Thermal Coal

Tamil Nadu has about 10,098 MW of installed power generation capacity (that includes capacity of both state and central power houses located in TamilNadu), which covers the current needs within the state of Tamil Nadu. TNEB, a state owned power entity is currently able to meet 46% of its demand from its own facilities, while the balance is being purchased from the central and other private parties. Tamil Nadu is planning to install three therma

Business Plan TPT

Documents

Transcript of Business Plan TPT