Bursting bubbles & building bridges: Tracking the global climate change conversation
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Transcript of Bursting bubbles & building bridges: Tracking the global climate change conversation
Burst ing bubbles & bui lding br idges: Tracking the global climate change conversation Alberto Abellán Gavela, Gabriele Colombo, Sarah Oates, Francesca Arcostanzo, Maya Livio, Jonas Kaiser, Paolo Gerbaudo, Soenke Lorenzen, Tobias Buerger, Frederik de Grove, Saskia Kok
Digital Methods WINTER SCHOOL 2015 12 - 16 JANUARY 2015
Introduction • COP20 took place in Lima in December 2014
• People’s Climate March took place on 21 September 2014
Research questions • Have the meta-narratives disseminated by climate action network stakeholders,
particularly those about the fossil fuel phase-out, gained traction in the overall discourse surrounding two major climate-related events: the Lima COP20 and People’s Climate March.
• Which meta-narratives have resonated, and with which actors? Are those actors from
within the ‘bubble’ of committed environmental organizations, or has the key meta-narratives moved beyond the bubble?
• If so, who are the key bridge actors responsible from moving the meta-narratives from
inside to outside the bubble?
Method • Cross-platform: Twitter and Facebook • Twitter: COP20 data + People’s Climate March
• Facebook: dataset Filtered by @LimaCop20 OR COP20 OR Peru
• Timeframe for both platforms: 23 November 2014 – 19 December 2014
Method: Twitter
1. We utilised two datasets cop20 and globalwarming.
2. The globalwarming dataset was filtered for #peoplesclimate
3. We performed co-hashtag analysis on both datasets to identify shared and dominant discourses
4. We searched for the most engaged actors in the conversation and manually categorised according to their type (CSO/GOV/COM/etc.)
5. We used Tcat, Gephi and Excel, and Illustrator to analyse and visualise our findings
6. We drank white wine... a lot
Findings: Twitter 1. Substantive difference between two events (political narrative vs.
civic society) 2. There is a lack of science in both datasets 3. There is a relatively large amount of users engaging in both events
(10.000 overlap) 4. Narrative takes place in the ‘bubble’
• Discourse is dominated by a “bot” that retweets informa6on on climate change
• @Theearthnetwork also retweets informa6on which is curated by @johnlundin
• However, number is not a valid indicator for “impact”…
• @peoples_climate is the account men6oned most oCen • (Non)-‐governmental organisa6ons such as @amnesty,
@350, @sierraclub, and @greenpeace are prominent in the discourse
• Also journalis6c source such as @thena6on and @mashable are influental
Using “globalwarming” data Filtered by #peoplesclimate
Method: Facebook 1. Derive most-engaged-with posts of dataset (20.000 posts)2. Perform qualitative content analysis on posts: which themes
emerge. Use word count/cloud to generate list of words. 3. From content analysis/list of words, create themes or labels. 4. Associate words with these themes. 5. Search all Facebook posts relating to COP20 over set time
period to create graphic representation of how users engage with these themes.
6. Identify the most relevant actors.
Findings: Facebook
1. Top engagement generated by celebs – Emma Watson
2. The most engaged with content and topics of interest were labeled as ‘action, ‘venue’, ‘global community’
3. More meaningful messages appear to get ‘lost’ in Facebook
4. Need to establish ‘islands’ of engagement. Bring people to the bubble
Theme label key words to use for search in FB content
Celebrity Watson, Kardashian, Beyonce, Bieber, Cyrus, Swift, Jolie, Diego Muñoz, Wilfred Dass, Jason Day
Politicians Barack Obama, Ki-moon, Morales, Humala, John Kerry, Gore
Venue Peru, London, Paris
Indigenous indigenous, indians
Weather tornado, hurricane, typhoon, temperature, rubyph, droughts, storms, floods
Economics trade-offs, cost, economy, jobs
Action strike, demonstrate, protest, arrest, watch, defenders, action, savetheartic, climatejustice, nownottomorrow, idlenomore, rubyph, “climate action”, justice, hunger, Amazon
COP20 events speech, meeting, announcement
Anti lies
Greenpeace Greenpeace
Global Community NGO, United Nations, WWF
Renewables renewables
Nazca Nazca
n° of posts per LABEL and keyword
Action (11.629)Venue (7.322)Global Community (3.376)Economics (2.518)COP20 events (2.045)Weather (1.596)Greenpeace (1.557)Politicians (1.550)Indigenous (1.285)Anti (600)Celebrity (557)Renewables (126)Nazca (109)
ACTION (11629)action (4277)watch (2310)protest (1372)arrest (954)climate action (950)justice (668)Amazon (534)demonstrate (154)strike (101)climatejustice (93)hunger (64)idlenomore (58)defenders (50)nownottomorrow (44)savetheartic (0)
VENUE (7322)Peru (4178)Paris (2868)London (276)
GLOBAL COMMUNITY (3376)United Nations (1598)NGO (936)WWF (842)
Economics (2518)cost (1753)economy (543)jobs (219)trade-offs (3)
COP20 EVENTS (2045)meeting (1696)speech (225)announcement (124)
WEATHER (1596)temperature (694)typhoon (211)storms (160)droughts (135)floods (107)hurricane (93)rubyph (68)rubyph (68)tornado (60)
GREENPEACE (1557)Greenpeace (1557)
POLITICIANS (1550)Obama (583)Ki-moon (341)Gore (183)Morales (164)Humala (150)Kerry (129)
INDIGENOUS (1285)indigenous (1253)indians (32)
NAZCA (109)Nazca (109)
ANTI (600)lies (600)
CELEBRITY (557)Diego (455)Swift (64)Watson (28)Bieber (5)Cyrus (4)Beyonce (1) Kardashian (0)Jolie (0) Muñoz (0)Wilfred Dass (0)Jason Day (0)
RENEWABLES (126)renewables (126)
ACTION
ANTI
COP20 EVENTS
ECONOMICS
GLOBAL COMMUNITY
GREENPEACE
INDIGENOUS
NAZCA
PERSONALITIES
POLITICIANS
RENEWABLE
VENUE
WEATHER
23/11 24/11 25/11 26/11 27/11 28/11 29/11 30/11 01/12 02/12 03/12 04/12 05/12 06/12 07/12 08/12 09/12 10/12 11/12 12/12 13/12 14/12 15/12 16/12 17/12 18/12 19/12
overallengagement
engagement of postswith keywords
23-11-14
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30-11-14
01-12-14
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05-12-14
06-12-14
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12-12-14
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19-12-14
19-12-14
Diario La Republica
wattsupwiththat
Diario La Republica
SuperProfs.comfor CA, CS e CMA
COP20 Lima Moms Clean Air Force
Front LineAction on Coal Bosch Global
1 Million Women Campaign
Greenpeace Australia PacificCOP20 LimaDiario El Comercio (Peru)
Diario La Republica Friends of the Earth U.S.Amazon Watch
Friends of Science Greenpeace New Zealand
Diario La Republica
Diario La Republica
Diario La RepublicaCAspot.com
Greenpeace UKTuTeve
Greenpeace Italia
DiarioLa Republica
Diario ElComercio (Peru)
TuTeve
Diario La Republica
Indigenous Environmental NetworkDiario La Republica
AFD
Bosch Global
Greenpeace USA
Amazon Watch
CNNGreenpeaceUK
TuTeveFriends of the Earth International
UNESCO en espanol
Diario La RepublicaGreenpeace USA
Diario La Republica
Bosch GlobalTuTeve Diario La Republica
Elizabeth MayDiario El Comercio (Peru)
Democracy Now
Diario El Comercio (Peru)
Democracy Now
Avaaz
Diario El Comercio (Peru)Avaaz
350.org
rfiDiario La Republica
Christine Milne
Pia Olsen DyhrTuTevel'Humanite
Marina SilvaDemocracy NowIPS Agencia de Noticias
Greenpeace USAMarina SilvaDiario La Republica
Marina SilvaCAspot.comKlimaschutz-Netz
CAspot.comCAspot.com
Chemtrails Project UK
The White HouseBold NebraskaGurukul
Les Editions ArianeU.S. Department of the InteriorCAspot.com
Diario El Comercio (Peru)Diario La Republica
Greenpeace Philippines
engagementdate1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000
Top 3 actors per day
Ref: h'p://thepoli.csofsystems.net/2012/10/the-‐new-‐york-‐.mes-‐vs-‐the-‐wall-‐street-‐journal-‐on-‐facebook/
User Post_Page: COP20 Lima Post_Page: People's Climate March
Ref: h'p://thepoli.csofsystems.net/2012/10/the-‐new-‐york-‐.mes-‐vs-‐the-‐wall-‐street-‐journal-‐on-‐facebook/
User Post_Page: COP20 Lima Post_Page: People's Climate March
ß 68 à users
Conclusions: most significant findings • Climate change narrative is ‘bubbled’ – on Facebook as well as
Twitter.. • Celebs and media capitalize most of the engagement..
• Consider platform specific properties – engagement with users as opposed to imposing a specific narrative..