Burgess and Hoyt Land Use Models
Transcript of Burgess and Hoyt Land Use Models
What is a Typical Urban Land Use Model?
The Burgess Model 1924 Based on outward
expansion of Chicago Contained 5 zones
reflecting function and socio economic groupings
Assumes Flat city, equal advantages
in all areas Transport systems very
limited Land values high in center,
fall rapidly Poor lived close to place of
work
Limitations Specific to one place Doesn’t take into account
mass transportation Found almost nowhere
The Hoyt Model 1939 Based on 142 US cities Accounts for land use
and socio economics Based on sectors Assumptions
Highest rent alongside main lines of transport/ communication
Zones are wedge in shape
Grow outwards
Limitations Similar to Burgess Assumes nature of
zones will remain the same (no change in status or use)
Burgess & Hoyt Models - Functional Zones & Sectors
4 Middle class housing Semi detached housing 1 to 2 story homes Usually with smaller yards
5 High class housing Most expensive residential
properties Single family homes – often ornate Green space with garage – space
between neighbors
6 Rural Urban Fringe (RUF) – Outer suburbs Commuter villages/towns Suburban planned developments
with large laws, cul-de-sac
Functional Zones/ Sectors 1-6
1 CBD – Central Business District Commerce, entertainment, office,
government Best transportation links thus highest
land value
2 Transition/ twilight zone Light manufacturing, blighted, vacant
areas, high crime
3 Low class (working class) housing High density occupants
In the past, worked in nearby factories. May be multiple family dwellings,
low rise apartments, row or attached housing
Some evidence of blight/ abandonment
LEDC Land Use Functional
Zones/Sectors CBD – Similar to MEDC –
more crowded/ congested
Inner Zone – mix of modern housing and colonial era, wealthy – many work in CBD
Middle Zone – Improved homes but poor quality, basic infrastructure (electricity, water, sewage)
Outer Zone –rudimentary housing – slums/shanties, self constructed hoses, lacks infrastructure
Industry develops along lines of transportation and fringe of CBD
Functional Zones in a City Three Major Types of Land Use
1. Shops and Offices2. Industry3. Housing
Other significant uses include open space, transport and services (schools, hospitals and shops)
As cities develop their own pattern it is likely to become more complex (pg. 156)
Review Video
Activities Page 157
1. Look at diagram E.a. What do the letters CBD mean?b. Give two main functions of the
CBD.c. In which zone is industry the
main function?d. In which zone is the most
expensive housing?e. In which zone is the cheapest
housing?
Activities continued
2. Compare the land use and functions of Carlisle in photo C and map D with those of the Burgess model in diagram A.1. Give three similarities between Carlisle and
the model2. Give three differences between Carlisle and
the model3. Draw a simple land use model of
your nearest town or city. Does it have any obvious similarities to or differences from the Burgess model?