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PAGE 2 - Monday, December 22, 2014 / AGWEEK
n USDAscientists workon cattle fertilityBy Mikkel PatesAgweek Staff Writer
MILES CITY, Mont. — U.S.Department of Agriculture re-searchers are working to de-velop new techniques toimprove fertility of beef cattleand cut breeding costs.
Tom Geary, a research ani-mal scientist and physiologistat the USDA Agricultural Re-search Service Fort KeoghLivestock and Range Re-search Laboratory in MilesCity, Mont., is collaborating ona study with Peter Sutovsky ofthe University of Missouri inColumbia. Before their collab-oration began, Sutovsky hadidentified two biologicalmarkers that could identifysemen that were in theprocess of dying, or were lessfertile.
“Peter had some compoundsthat could detect these biolog-ical markers, and he wouldstick these compounds to mag-netic particles and mix themwith sperm in a tube,” Gearysays.
They expose the tube to amagnet to sort out the badsemen and freeze only thegood semen.
The scientists are workingwith Select Sires Inc. of PlainCity, Ohio, a company that col-lects and sells semen frombeef and dairy bulls, to helpthe researchers purify it to re-move any of these markers.
Beef cow pregnancy ratesusing AI vary from year toyear, but generally are rela-tively high, in the 55 to 65 per-cent range. In preliminaryresults from 2013 trials,they’ve found the purifiedsemen offers a 10 percent im-provement in pregnancy rate,compared with nonpurified.
Pencil it outOnly about 7 to 8 percent of
commercial herds use AI —up only marginally from about4 to 5 percent about 15 years
ago, Geary says.
Looking for answers
Mikkel Pates, Agweek
GG Yearling heifers from the reproductive physiology herd atthe Fort Keogh Livestock and Ranch Research Laboratory inMiles City, Mont., are calved in the feedlot and then moved tograss.
BREEDING: See Page 3
“They have to pencil it, andit’s not always the cheapestway to go,” he says.
Kris Ringwall, director of theDickinson (N.D.) Research Ex-tension Center, says work on AItechniques is ongoing, butthere are labor and logisticscosts.
The center has gone to May-June calving to reduce laborcosts. But AI becomes moredifficult in July and August,when the cattle are out on pas-ture and otherwise unavail-able for pen breeding.
AI-sired calves are worthabout $100 more per calf, Ring-wall says. Minimum costs for
AI are about$20, but muchof the costs arein labor andlogistics. Gen-erally thepractice iscommon forpurebred pro-ducers.
Some pro-ducers areusing AI to im-
prove the genetics of their cowherd. Some are content withthe genetics and do well byhaving a less-intensively man-aged program.
Most AI users today employprocedures to time AI, ratherthan simply observing cows forsigns of estrus and breedingonly by heat.
AI is a process done at a sin-gle time for an entire herd, butall cows in the herd are not the
same. Some have calved morerecently. Other cows havecalved longer ago and arestarting to have estrus cycles.
“With a couple of differenttreatments, we can decide thatthree days from now. We canbreed all of the cows, andwe’ve got the fertility perhapsas high as if the bull had bredthem in a natural cycle,” Gearysays.
Good to betterIn preliminary results from
2013, scientists were able toincrease the pregnancy ratefrom AI about 10 percentusing four AI sires. The higherthe success rate, the fewercull cows and better repro-ductive success.
“We get higher pregnancyrate in the first service of theseason,” Geary says. “Produc-ers who are looking to use ge-netically superior sires anduse artificial inseminationwould benefit because nowthey could get 10 percentmore calves for the cost ofusing AI.
“It might be that we’re im-proving fertilization rates,and it might be that we’re im-proving pregnancy retention,”Geary says.
“Early embryonic mortalityoccurs in about 30 percent ofbeef cows. Fertilization oc-curs, but the embryo dies pre-maturely,” Geary says. “Itcould be that we’re removingthe sperm that create an em-bryo that wouldn’t survive.Now we have higher preg-nancy rates as a result.”
Continued from Page 2BREEDING
Geary
BREEDING: See Page 4
Mikkel Pates, Agweek
GG The Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratoryin Miles City, Mont., is a U.S. Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service installation, with 40 employees.
AGWEEK / Monday, December 22, 2014 - PAGE 3
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One of the challenges to im-proving pregnancy rates is toidentify pregnancies earlyenough to distinguish betweenhigher rates of fertilization orpregnancy maintenance.
“The earliest they can iden-tify pregnancy in cows is day 28,after breeding,” Geary says.“There’s a lot that has to occur
correctly before that stage, sowe lose a lot of pregnancies be-fore that stage.”
The factorsIn a separate but related
study, researchers are workingto learn what factors affect fertil-ity and pregnancy rates in cows.They have found a higher fertil-ity and pregnancy rate when theegg comes from a larger follicleand now want to know why.
In late June, the researchers
and colleagues from the Univer-sity of Missouri and the Univer-sity of Minnesota in GrandRapids collected eggs from 250cows in the herd, using an ultra-sound-guided biopsy needle tocollect eggs. They took eggs fromsmall follicles, large follicles, orfollicles from cows that were inestrus in the previous 12 hours.The ones in estrus are a fullymature egg and follicle. Thelarge ones are close to mature,and the eggs from the small onesare believed to be immature.
“We’re trying to understandwhat genes are turned on andoff in the ones that are fullymature versus the ones thataren’t fully mature,” Gearysays. “The goal would be toavoid ovulating some of thoseimmature follicles” and de-velop strategies that would im-prove fertility and offer moreopportunities for a cow to con-ceive in a breeding season.
It’s too early to say whatthose strategies might be, hesays.
Continued from Page 3
BREEDING
MILES CITY, Mont. — TheFort Keogh Livestock andRange Research Laboratory isa collaboration between theU.S. Department of Agricul-ture’s Agricultural ResearchService and the Montana Ex-periment Station, which ownsthe cattle herd.
The station has about 40 em-ployees, including seven fed-eral scientists — twonutritionists, two reproductivephysiologists, and three rangescientists. It was built on thesite of a military fort that wascreated after the Little Bighornbattle in 1876. The presidentsent a cavalry encampment towhere the Tongue River goesinto the Yellowstone River. The
fort squared off 10 miles to thewest and to the south from thatpoint. In 1924, the fort became afederal research station.
About half of the employeeswork for the federal govern-ment and half work for the stategovernment.
There are four cattle herds:nThe station maintains a
herd of 140 Line 1 Herefordcows — a closed herd dating tothe late 1920s and early 1930s.Line 1 cows trace to stock pur-chased in 1924 from George M.Miles of Miles City.
“They’re now about 30 per-cent inbred, and from a geneti-cist’s standpoint, that’s a goodthing to have,” says Tom Geary,a research animal scientist and
physiologist at the research lab.When researchers working in
Houston, Texas, were lookingfor a cow to sequence thebovine genome in 2003, they se-lected one cow in the world andit was a Line 1 Hereford cowfrom Fort Keogh — L1Dominette 01449.
“Millions of dollars fromaround the world went into se-quencing the genes of thatcow,” Geary says.nA 400-cow herd for physiol-
ogy studies, as well as 100 re-placements — predominantlyHereford-Angus cross cows.nA 500-head Composite
Gene Combination cow herd, aclosed herd since the 1980s.This herd is used for nutrition
and efficiency studies. Closedherd means all of the sires forthat herd came from within it.nThe station has started a
small Angus herd to cross Line1 Herefords with Angus.
“We know from heterosis thatwe get an improvement of a lotof traits that are of economicimportance, but we’re not realsure how or why that happensfrom a genetics standpoint,”Geary says. “If we see an in-crease in weaning rate, how is itthat that happens genetically?We get better growth rates andhigher weaning weights and weget better fertility. We’re tryingto identify the mechanisms inwhich the genes interact to im-prove those traits.”
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PAGE 6 - Monday, December 22, 2014 / AGWEEK
n Boeckelstill enjoysAngus work
By Mikkel PatesAgweek Staff Writer
HAZEN, N.D. — BoeckelAngus Ranch has been in theAngus business since 1946 — ayear that’s easy to rememberbecause it’s the year LeRoyBoeckel was born.
Boeckel, now 68, has beenrunning the place since hewas 22. His grandfather, Lud-wig, came from Russia in 1905and settled north of Beulah,N.D. Ludwig’s father, David,was among five brothers whofarmed in that area — in theland where coal gasificationnow is dominant. But Here-fords were king in the 1940s.
David was one of the first inMercer County to own regis-tered Angus cattle, whichmade a good cross with Here-fords. David held his first pro-duction bull sale in 1963. Hehad 35 milk cows, too, andcrossed Angus with Holsteinsto make them gentler.
LeRoy was the third-youngest of eight children,and remembers running thesilage cutter at age 13. Chil-dren had a lot of responsibil-ity in those days.
Bibles and bullsA Bible school teacher once
asked LeRoy what he wantedto be when he grew up.
“I said I wanted to be thebiggest rancher in MercerCounty,” he says.
LeRoy was drafted into theU.S. Army in 1968. He went to
In the black
Mikkel Pates, Agweek
GG LeRoy Boeckel’s family started in the purebred Angusbusiness near Hazen, N.D., the year he was born — 1946. Theherd includes these yearling bulls.ANGUS: See Page 7
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AGWEEK / Monday, December 22, 2014 - PAGE 7
basic training in the Seattlearea, where a commanding of-ficer was so impressed withhis drive and his conviction to“feed the world,” that the offi-cer found a way to send himhome, LeRoysays.
“He said Icould do thiscountry moregood out ofthe servicethan in theservice —that’s justwhat he said,”LeRoy says.
It was akind of mira-cle, LeRoyfigures.
“I promisedGod that heblessed me sothat I was going to do some-thing for mission in my life,”he says.
LeRoy went home in May1968. He married Allegra inDecember of that year andtook over the farm the nextspring.
His father had accumulated35 quarters — about 5,600acres of land — plus land inCanada. He divided the cowsbetween LeRoy and his olderbrother Clayton and madedeals to take future calves onshares. He gave them someland, but sold them some, too
— Clayton in the west, andLeRoy in the east where therewas more pasture.
ExpansionIn the 1970s, LeRoy started
leasing more land. He thinksone of the keys to his career isthat he never mortgaged anacre of land. It was also easier
to deal withlenders be-cause they as-sumed if hedidn’t borrowmoney fromthem, he’dborrow fromhis dad.
“My dadwas an insur-ance policy,and he didn’tcharge me apremium,”LeRoy says.
The 1980swere tough.
“Therewere years we lost $100,000 infarming,” LeRoy says, but hecouldn’t give up. “I figuredGod made me a farmer, so Ihad my mind made up that if Ilose everything, I’d just startover.”
The farm credit crisis cre-ated opportunities for thosewho could expand. LeRoybought the ranch he lives on,another in the mid-1980s, andanother in Wing, N.D. He hada goal of owning 35 quarters
Continued from Page 6ANGUS
Mikkel Pates, Agweek
GG The Boeckel family was the first to bring Angus cattle intoNorth Dakota’s Mercer County in 1946, the year LeRoyBoeckel was born. They started their first annual productionsales in 1963. The 2015 sale will be the first week in Februaryat Kist Livestock Auction — 100 bulls and 600 to 800 bredheifers.
ANGUS: See Page 8
“I figured Godmade me a farmer,so I had my mindmade up that if I
lose everything, I’djust start over.”
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PAGE 8 - Monday, December 22, 2014 / AGWEEK
of land, like his father had. Hehoped to accumulate 300 goodAngus cows, but he’d do muchmore than that.
He bought land in the Zap,Wing, Pettibone, Steele andRiverdale areas. He dealswith coal companies that ownreclaimed land and wantsomeone to lease it. The farmtoday is about 37,000 acres, in-cluding some 12,000 acres ofcropland. He still farms 1,500himself, and the rest he leasesout.
Boeckel is still investing inthe future. This year, heturned a pasture on the Hazenranch into irrigated cropland,using some of the profits fromthe recently strong cattle mar-ket.
“It was always grass, and Ibroke it up July 7 and on theeighth we started seeding it,”he says.
He feels fortunate becausehis farm sits atop an aquifer,230 feet deep in a gravel vein
and putting out 1,500 gallons aminute. He irrigates out of theKnife River for three otherpivots.
Secrets of the tradeBoeckel says he’s cutting
back on cattle. Through the1990s and until 2005, he had1,500 to 2,300 Angus mothercows, a totalherd of up to4,500 cattle —all registeredAngus. Hewas one ofthe top fiveregisteredAngus breed-ers in theworld fornearly 15years.
In 2004,Boeckel sold 1,900 bred cowsand scaled back, in part to buyland. The market was goodand he paid off all of hisdebts. He bought a ranch andsome real estate in Bismarck.Today the herd is about 2,000head, including some cow-calfpairs and bred heifers.
If he has a particular talent,
Boeckel says it is for figuringout ways to control costs andstill raise quality cattle.
“If the top cattle are bring-ing $900, how can I sell cattlefor $850 and still makemoney?” he says. One key is tosell bigger calves and thenjust “work, work, work.”
He is known for buying year-ling bulls,using them tobreed heifers,and then turn-ing around andselling them assoon-to-be two-year-olds.
“I always buycalving-easebulls,” he says.
Boeckel hasconcerns abouthow the cur-
rent record cattle prices canhold up. Ultimately, it’ll beabout beef consumption andcompeting on the meat shelf.As a beef industry veteran,Boeckel says he thinks toomany heifers and heiferettes(a heifer that lost her calf theprevious year) are being bred.
Most ranchers calve in
March and April, and if aheiferette fails to support acalf, she goes to the sale barnand is bound for a feedlot inNebraska. This year, thosewere largely kept back forbreeding. Cattlemen werepaying $1,800 for them andthink they will bring $2,500when they come to market inDecember or January.
Boeckel is skeptical.Boeckel says he’s chosen not
to breed as many heifers as hehas in the past — “just to be alittle different.” Or maybe it’stime to cut back on the work.
He half-jokes that one bigmistake he made was not hav-ing more kids. Daughter Loriand son Travis took other ca-reers off the ranch. He has ahired man, but much of whathappens is up to Boeckel.
“Yes, I’m having fun, lovingwhat I’m doing, but I can’tquit,” LeRoy says. “When Ilook in the mirror when I getup, I think, ‘That’s the guy thathas to get things done today.’ Imight have to take the garbageout. I might make a million-dollar deal. Either way, I haveto grab my hat and go for it.”
Continued from Page 7
ANGUS
“Yes, I’m havingfun, loving whatI’m doing, but I
can’t quit.”LeRoy Boeckel
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Mikkel Pates, Agweek
GG LeRoy Boeckel was one of the top five registered Angusbreeders in the world for nearly 15 years.
Mikkel Pates, Agweek
GG Boeckel Angus Ranch is an institution in Mercer County,N.D. LeRoy and Allegra Boeckel for many years were amongthe nation’s largest registered Angus breeders in the country.
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n Consumerdemand strongdespite record
pricesBy Jonathan KnutsonAgweek Staff Writer
Even the experts are strug-gling to understand why de-mand for increasinglyexpensive beef is holding upbetter than expected.
“Demand for beef isn’t asprice-sensitive as we oncethought,” says Jayson Lusk,who teaches at Oklahoma StateUniversity.
Lusk’s research focuses pri-marily on predicting and un-derstanding consumerbehavior as it relates to food.He oversees Oklahoma StateUniversity’s monthly Food De-mand Survey, which tracks con-sumer preferences andsentiments on food, particu-larly meat. The survey isweighted to match the U.S.population in terms of age,gender, education and regionof residence.
Though there are monthlyfluctuations, the survey doesn’tshow an overall downwardtrend in what consumers arewilling to pay for beef, Lusksays.
That’s welcome news to cat-tle producers and others in thebeef industry, who have beenconcerned that soaring beefprices will cut into demand.
Some fallback in demand isinevitable, economists say. U.S.beef supplies are smaller thanthey once were, and the marketuses higher retail prices to ra-tion limited supplies.
But the decline in theamount of beef sold is morethan offset by higher prices forit, putting more money inranchers’ pockets, Lusk says.
He notes that willingness topay isn’t the same as demand,but “the maximum consumersare willing to pay.”
Higher prices don’t necessar-ily reduce willingness to pay,and lower prices don’t alwaysincrease it.
That’s evident in the most re-cent food demand survey, re-leased Nov. 17. Consumerwillingness to pay for ham-burger rose from October toNovember, even as the price ofhamburger rose in the same
Newterritory forbeef industry
Good news forcattle producersHigh beef prices don't have a bigcorrelation with U.S. consumers'willingness to pay for beef, accordingto Oklahoma State University, whichtracks demand for meat. The mostrecent monthly figures show thatconsumer willingness to buy steak fellslightly, as did steak prices — theopposite of what might be expected.Their willingness to buy hamburgerrose slightly, as did hamburger prices,which also might be unexpected. Moreimportantly, willingness to pay for steakand hamburger is higher than a yearago, despite the higher prices,according to OSU.
Source: Oklahoma State University'smonthly Food Demand Survey.
Average price
Nov. 2013
Oct. 2014
Nov. 2014
Willingnessto buypercent changeOct. to Nov.
Hamburger
$3.96
$4.88
$5.16
5.74%
Steak
$6.72
$7.05
$7.00
- 0.71%
according to OSU.
Average price
PRICES: See Page 12
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PAGE 12 - Monday, December 22, 2014 / AGWEEK
period. Also, willing-ness to pay for steakfell slightly from Octo-ber to November, evenas the price of steakdropped slightly in thesame period. Most im-portant, however, con-sumers were willing topay more for virtuallyall meat products thisNovember than theywere a year ago, ac-cording to the survey.
No easy answersLusk doesn’t have a
simple or single answerfor why demand forbeef is holding up thiswell.
“There’s a whole hostof factors. We don’tknow the entire answer.
This is new territory forthe industry,” he says.
The continued popu-larity of high-proteindiets is one factor, as isconsumers’ lower-than-expected willingness toshift to poultry, he says.
Food retailers aredoing their part tomaintain demand forbeef by absorbing someof its rising cost, saysLaura Strange, directorof communications andmarketing for the Na-tional Grocers Associa-tion, which representsindependent groceryretailers and whole-salers.
“In this highly com-petitive marketplace,food retailers look todifferentiate them-selves from the compe-tition, and price is oneof those areas,” shesays.
Continued from Page 11
PRICES
John Brose, Special to Agweek
GG Consumer demand for beef is strong, despite record prices. Consumerwillingness to pay for steak and hamburger also is higher than a yearago.
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AGWEEK / Monday, December 22, 2014 - PAGE 13
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PAGE 14 - Monday, December 22, 2014 / AGWEEK
n Use theavailable EPDsBy Kris Ringwall
A producer does not need toknow all the mathematics, jus-tifications or scientific as-pects of breed associationexpected progeny differences(EPDs). These EPDs are avail-able to all purebred and com-mercial producers, so usethem. The be-hind-the-scenesprofessionalswill fine-tunethis terrifictool for beefproducers.
The otherday, whilewatching cat-tle sell, thevariation wasobvious. Thisis not to saythat all varia-tions can bemanaged, butthe thought ofthe geneticsource of thecattle cer-tainly was onmy mind.
Single-colored cattle do notmean similarity in geneticbackground. For example,black hair coats are the resultof a dominant allele, so tech-nically, all cattle need is oneallele or gene to express ablack hair coat. While thereare many modifying genes, thebottom line is hair coat colorhas nothing to do with overallgenetic uniformity in beef cat-tle.
It begins by accepting thefact that all bulls are not cre-ated equally. Bulls might looksimilar, but they are not ge-
netically equal. Genetic uni-formity starts at home by se-lecting good bulls throughknowledgeable and informedselection and implementingfocused production goals forclear outcomes relevant tobeef cattle production.
A visit to the many breed as-sociation websites proves thepoint. Because we started dis-cussing cattle with black haircolor, let’s go to the AmericanAngus Association website atwww.angus.org.
Like manywebsites, theassociation’sbusiness af-fairs are upfront. It offersopportunitiesto marketcalves or evenget involvedwith thebreed. But as-sociations arelarger thansimply manag-ing a breed ofcattle. The as-sociation isthe home ofthe geneticdatabase.
Let’s con-tinue at
www.angus.org. Althoughthere are multiple ways to getto the Angus EPDs, let’s findthe tab that references “Man-agement.” Click on it andmove down to the “Sire Evalu-ation Report.” Click on the“Sire Evaluation Report” anda screen will come up thatlists several interesting op-tions.
This will be the primaryscreen needed by someonelooking for bulls. A review oftraits available can be foundat “How to Read the Results— Definitions.”
Preppingfor the bull-buying season
BUYING: See Page 16
Genetic uniformitystarts at home byselecting goodbulls throughknowledgeableand informedselection andimplementingfocused
production goals...
AGWEEK / Monday, December 22, 2014 - PAGE 15
PAGE 16 - Monday, December 22, 2014 / AGWEEK
n Be readyto evolvewith change
By Kris Ringwall
I could not help noticingWhit Hibbard’s article, It’s AllAbout Mindset, that poppedup on the Drovers CattleNet-work. The article talked aboutlow-stress livestock handling.The article quoted Bud Willi-ams, who notes that to estab-lish the principles of low-stress livestock handling, onemust have the correct mind-set.
Whit points out the low-stress concept and also sayswe really need to think aboutwhat the term “mindset”means. The article gets usthinking about low-stress live-stock handling and how im-portant the concept is withinbeef cattle operations.
In a broader sense, I couldnot help thinking about howthat mindset term floats
around the beef industry. Fallis the time for class, at leastfor young minds who arrive atschools and look forward to ayear of learning.
With time spent teaching,one comes to appreciate theterm mind-set veryquickly.
As the stu-dents fileinto class,there is thisfeeling, asan instruc-tor, on howthe day willgo. Actually,after sev-eral classes,instructorsbegin to geta feel forhow the se-mester willgo. Thatfeeling is a direct response tothe mindset of the students.
The overall experiences,joys and frustrations of teach-ing depend on the correctmindset within individual stu-
dents, as well as the wholeclass. There is no questionthat the instructor has the ca-pacity to enhance or constrainstudent mindsets, but theoverriding factor is the mind-set of the students.
If they donot want tobe in class,the chal-lenge begins.If they donot want tolearn, thechallenge in-creases. Ifthey do notwant to ex-periencechange, thechallengebecomesmore insur-mountable.
Perhapsmoving more toward an openmindset versus a closed mind-set is the goal.
But it is not fair to just pickon students because the worldof educators and academics
also can get caught in thesame trap.
How many times should onesay: Do we not already knowthat? But, those with ad-vanced degrees also strugglein the effort to crack openminds that then can ask newquestions. It would be evenbetter if those minds couldtake those new questions andanswers and apply them to anindustry that may or may notwant the answer.
I wish I could write downthe number of times I haveheard someone say: “Thosedarn academics just don’t livein the real world.” Sometimesthe quote is made ratherstrongly. The quote is some-times true and sometimes not.
Now back to the originalpoint. As Whit pointed out, theright mindset is critical tomoving forward with an evalu-ation of any particular beefprogram, operation, students,teachers and even producers.But why point this out today?
The Dickinson Research
It’s all in the mindset
The definitions are neededto remind producers how theselection of a particular traitwill impact future beef cattle
performance.The defini-tions are notcomplicated,but under-standing themis important,particularly ifa producerchooses to usethe indextraits that as-
sociations have developed.Let’s keep it simple, at least
for the traits we want to re-view. We want to find the ge-netic information available onbulls. Again, do not get lost inthe numerous additional tabs.Go back to the “Sire Evalua-tion Report” and we will endthis discussion on the “BreedAverages for EPD and $Val-ues” table.
Those numbers are indica-tive of the average EPD valuefor each particular trait.
Knowing those numbers willhelp a producer meet produc-tion goals.
For the Dickinson ResearchExtension Center, the traits ofinterest for the average non-parent Angus bull includeEPD values for birth weight of1.8 pounds, weaning weight of49 pounds, yearling weight of85 pounds, milk production of24 pounds, rib-eye area of 0.46square inch and a marblingscore of 0.47. Those are realnumbers. But the real ques-tion is how to raise the per-centile threshold selectionpressure while still being ableto afford the bull.
The competition is usingEPDs, so use them to find theright bull, pay the right priceand sell the right calves.
Editor’s note: Ringwall is aNorth Dakota State UniversityExtension Service livestock spe-cialist and the Dickinson Re-search Extension Centerdirector.
Continued from Page 14BUYING
GG A producer does not need to know all the mathematics,justifications or scientific aspects of EPDs. But all producersshould use EPDs to find the right bull and meet productiongoals.
John Brose, Special to Agweek
MINDSET: See Page 18
...The right mindsetis critical to movingforward with anevaluation of anyparticular beef
program, operation,students, teachersand even producers.
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Extension Center has to re-eval-uate the cow herd. Ever-occur-ring change surrounds thecenter. As land with a long-standing agricultural use is ab-sorbed in urban spread orimpacted by the energy indus-try, the center needs to becomemore focused and more intensein terms of programs that areoffered. It means the center’smindset needs to be broadened.
A human trait is to resistchange. The general logic be-hind the resistance is the ac-knowledgment that what isbeing done presently is thebest. Unfortunately, the presentis generally evaluated by thosewho are there, so the evaluationcertainly is biased toward theidea that “if it’s not broke, don’tfix it.”
Sounds like a mindset clog.The bottom line is that the
world is changing and the cen-ter needs to change with it. Theneeds of today’s cattle industryare not the same as yesteryear’sneeds. Granted, much that wedo does not change, but as weadd knowledge, just like thestudents we are trying to edu-
cate, we to need to sit up andlisten.
Whit’s article was on the prin-ciples of low-stress livestockhandling and establishing thecorrect mindset for evaluationand change. The same can besaid for cattle performance andfitting cattle to the environ-ment.
Modern genomics are just be-ginning to creep into the indus-try. Some would say the worldof genetics is a dynamic changebutton in any world. The knowl-edge being revealed will chal-lenge the mind. The tendencyto move forward or backwardwill depend on how open one isto trying to implement thisknowledge within managerialstructures.
The answers are not set andthe questions start with us look-ing at our own mindset. If we donot want to be in class, the chal-lenge begins. If we do not wantto learn, the challenge in-creases. If we do not want to ex-perience change, the challengebecomes more insurmountable.But change is coming.
Editor’s note: Ringwall is aNorth Dakota State UniversityExtension Service livestock spe-cialist and the Dickinson Re-search Extension Center director.
Continued from Page 16MINDSET
GG Change is coming in the cattle industry and producers mustevolve.
John Brose, Special to Agweek
AGWEEK / Monday, December 22, 2014 - PAGE 19
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Saturday, May 9th First All Breeds Bull SaleSaturday May 30th orSaturday, June 6th
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PAGE 20 - Monday, December 22, 2014 / AGWEEK
n Informedbull selectionis critical
By Kris Ringwall
Acquiring good bullsthrough knowledgeable andinformed bull selection is crit-ical to the survival of the beefbusiness.
Implementing focused pro-duction goals, with clear out-comes relevantto the produc-tion of beef, iscritical. If indoubt, simplyglance over thefence and viewthe competition.The poultry,swine and dairyindustries rou-tinely producevery uniform,marketableproducts thatmeet predefinedproduction goals utilizing thesame tools that are availableto the beef industry.
But first let’s talk aboutworking cattle because it al-ways is challenging. With thecold snap and several sets ofcows needing ultrasoundingfor pregnancy evaluation, I gotready.
Chuteside attire certainlyvaries with the weather. Hav-ing prepared for the cold withlayered clothing under thetraditional blue coveralls, Isuddenly realized my abilityto put my plastic boots overthe cowboy boots was in ques-tion.
Reaching my feet was achallenge, but the job gotdone.
I was reminded that we allchange. If nothing else, we getolder. Our individual flexibil-ity seems to come up shortsome days, but with an appro-priate tweak, we get the job
done. But those tweaks onlycan do so much.
As an industry, our tweakingis evident. But some days, Iwonder because we can dobetter. Maybe one should notsay that. But, the other day,while watching several sets ofcattle sell at a public market,the variation that was presentwas notable.
The cows, bulls, yearlingsand calves of all sizes andtypes were selling to thesound of the auction. Witheach swing of the door, one set
went out and onecame in. Thecrowd waitedwith anticipationfor the announce-ment of what wasbehind the in-coming door. Ifthe set of cattlewas large, themooing of the cat-tle could beheard. If the setwas small, thedoor would swingopen and closequickly, and the
bidding would begin.I do not want to be critical
because the type of cattle pro-ducers choose to raise is up tothem, and the market does anexcellent job at connectingthe seller and buyer. Butsometimes thoughtful presalepondering by the producer onhow those cattle will look atthe market isn’t always evi-dent.
For the most part, there al-ways is a buyer, but some-times determining how to bestpresent the cattle needs to bethought through. The conceptthat the auction market willsort away all the problems isnot true. That being said, cat-tle that are unthrifty need tostay at home, eat some gro-ceries and “beef up” a littlebit. That might not be easy butcertainly is a worthy goal for a
We cando better
BETTER: See Page 22
The conceptthat the
auction marketwill sort away
all theproblems is not
true.
AGWEEK / Monday, December 22, 2014 - PAGE 21
PAGE 22 - Monday, December 22, 2014 / AGWEEK
beef operation.But we can do better.Fundamentally, there is a
larger issue than the simplemanagement, presentationand sale of cattle, which is thegenetics of the business.Those cattle that arrive forsale lacking good structure,condition and muscling areproducts of breeding pro-grams.
As was noted at the begin-ning, focused breeding goals,with clear outcomes relevantto the production of beef,should be at the heart of allcattle operations. Simplybreeding cows to producecalves with no thoughtful pur-pose challenges the industry.The competition appreciatesthose cattle, but the cattle in-dustry should not.
As producers, the tools arereadily available to assure theavailability of bulls that willcarry with them the geneticsthat will meet focused breed-ing goals and outcomes rele-vant to the production ofexcellent beef for consump-tion by the consumer.
The ultrasound evaluations
of the cows are finished. Thepregnancy rate is good, but mycold hands started my mindthinking some inside workwould be good, which meansbull buying. The bull catalogsare starting to arrive, and theopportunity for proper selec-tion of genetics means a bet-ter product.
Focused production goalsfor the Dickinson (N.D.) Re-search Extension Center thatinvolve clear outcomes rele-vant to the production of beefare open for discussion. Butthe center has selected forbirth, weaning and yearlingweight, and rib eye area forseveral years. Attention formilk production and marblingalso have been part of the se-lection process.
The real question is settingthe percentile thresholdswithin the various breeds. Theselection pressure is risingwhile keeping the bulls af-fordable. Not all bulls are cre-ated equally, so find the rightbull, pay the right price andsell the right calves.
Editor’s note: Ringwall is aNorth Dakota State UniversityExtension Service livestock spe-cialist and the Dickinson Re-search Extension Centerdirector.
Continued from Page 20BETTER
John Brose, Special to Agweek
GG Focus and consideration should be at the heart of all cattleoperations, with an emphasis on genetics.
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