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IIMMOO LLiibbrraarryy SSeerrvviicceess

External Relations Office

INFORMATION RESOURCES ON

BULK CARRIER SAFETY

[INFORMATION SHEET No. 25] (Last Updated: 22 November 2007)

Important notice This information resources document is offered by the IMO Library Services, External Relations Office specifically to assist those who are conducting research in the area of bulk carrier safety. All users of this document should be aware that the information presented in this document has been compiled from a limited variety of sources, which cannot be guaranteed to reflect the most-up-to-date examination or complete survey of the subject concerned or of the associated issues and possible points of view. Furthermore, some of this information is subject to copyright protection and restriction as to distribution or re-circulation. Additionally, while every reasonable effort has been made to focus only on (publicly available) information which is valid and helpful, neither the IMO nor its Library Services can accept responsibility for information which is out-of-date, incomplete, biased or otherwise inaccurate, misleading or offensive; and the mention of a reference, item of information, publication, product or service in this document should not be viewed as constituting a validation or endorsement by IMO as to its quality, content, or value. Finally, users who have questions regarding the interpretation and/or implementation of IMO instruments should direct such questions to their National Maritime Administration. The IMO Library Services, External Relations Office is not in a position to provide copies of any material for copyright reasons but will gladly answer your queries on where to obtain it. Please note : The IMO Library Services, External Relations Office has prepared a separate Information Resources Document on the following subject: Information Resources on “Double/Single Hull Ship Design and related issues” http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=3200/Double%20Hull%20-%20Single%20hull%20Ship%20Design%20(7%20November%202005).doc

INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION, 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 20 7735 7611, Fax: +44 20 7587 3348, Internet Site http://www.imo.org Email library@imo.org

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IMO PUBLICATIONS

SOLAS - SOLAS. Consolidated edition 2004. (IM0-ID110E). Language(s): E, F, S Consolidated text of the Convention and its 1988 Protocol, incorporating all amendments in effect on 1 July 2004.

Articles of SOLAS 1974 Articles of the 1988 SOLAS Protocol Chapter I (General provisions) Chapter II-1 (Construction: Subdivision and stability, machinery and electrical installations) Chapter II-2 (Construction: Fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction) Chapter III (Life-saving appliances and arrangements) Chapter IV (Radiocommunications) Chapter V (Safety of navigation) Chapter VI (Carriage of grain) Chapter VII (Carriage of dangerous goods) Chapter VIII (Nuclear ships) Chapter IX (Management for the safe operation of ships) Chapter X (Safety measures for high-speed craft) Chapter XI- 1 (Special measures to enhance maritime safety) Chapter XI-2 (Special measures to enhance maritime safety) Chapter XII (Additional safety measures for bulk carriers)

1997/1998 Amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974.. 1999 Edition. (IMO-158E). (New Chapter XII Additional safety measure for bulk carriers) Resolutions of the 1997 SOLAS Conference relating to bulk carrier safety - Solas – International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 :. 1999 Edition. (IMO-I160E) This publication contains the remaining resolutions of the 1997 SOLAS Conference, i.e. resolutions 2 to 9. They include amendments to the Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (resolution A.744(18), as previously amended by resolution MSC.49(66)), which are mandatory under regulation XI/2 of the Convention. 2001 and 2002 Amendments to Solas. 2003 Edition (IMO-I117E) Chapter XII - Additional safety measures for bulk carriers IMO CODES BC CODE - Code of safe practice for solid bulk cargoes. 2004 Edition (IMO-ID260E) BLU CODE - Code of practice for the safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers. 1998 Edition. (IMO-I266E). Language(s): E,S The BLU was approved by the MSC at its 68th session (June 1997) and adopted by the Assembly at its 20th session (November 1997) by resolution A.862(20). The Code, which provides guidance to masters of bulk carriers, terminal operators and other parties concerned with the safe handling, loading and unloading of solid bulk cargoes, is also linked to regulation VI/7 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, as amended by resolution MSC.47(66).

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IBC CODE : International Code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying dangerous chemicals in bulk 2007 edition. Language(s): E (IMO-IC100E) IGC CODE - International Code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk : IGC Code. 2nd. Ed.. 1993 Edition. (IMO-I104). Language(s): E, F, S, A. IGC CODE : Gas carrier code : 1994 and 1996 amendments. 1998 Edition (IMO-I165) - 1994 amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code) : Adopted in accordance with Article VIII of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 : Resolution MSC.32(63) adopted on 23 May 1994 : Certified true copy** signed on October 5th, 1994. Language(s): E/S/F/C/R/A. - 1996 amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk (IGC Code) : Adopted in accordance with article VIII of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 : Certified true copy** signed on 20 January 1998. Language(s): E/ F/S/ A/C. - 2000 amendments to the International Code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk (IGC Code). Adopted in accordance with article VIII of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974). Certified true copy** signed on 27 March 2002. . Language(s): E/F/S/A/C/R International Grain Code - International code for the safe carriage of grain in bulk. 1991 Edition. Language(s): E, F, S, R, A, C. (IMO-I240). IMO GUIDELINES Guidelines on surveys required by the 1978 SOLAS Protocol, the IBC Code and the IGC Code . 1987 Edition. (IMO-I858) Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys on bulk carriers and oil tankers . 2001 Edition (IMO-I265) The above were adopted in 1993 by Assembly resolution A.744(18) and made mandatory in 1996, under SOLAS regulation XI/2, which requires that bulk carries and oil tankers be subject to an enhanced programme of inspections in accordance with the Guidelines. The Guidelines are also mandatory under MARPOL regulation I/13G for oil tankers to which that regulation applies. This publication contains, in part 1, a consolidated text of the Guidelines including the amendments in force at the time of publication, and, in part 2, the amendments not yet in force at the time of publication. - 1996 amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18)) (Adopted in accordance with article VII of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974) : Certified true copy** signed on March 18th, 1997. Language(s): E/F/S - Amendments to the Annex to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 and amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18)) – Resolutions 1 and 2 of the Conference of contracting parties governments to SOLAS 1974 adopted on 27 November 1997. Certified true copy** signed on 4 September 1998. Language(s): E/F/S/R/A/C - 2000 Amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during survey of bulk carriers and oil tankers. (Resolution A.744(18), adopted in accordance with article VIII of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974). Certified true copy ** signed on 27 March 2002. Language(s): E/F/S/A/C/R - 2003 Amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18)) (adopted in accordance with article VIII of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974). Certified true copy ** signed on 5 April 2005. Language(s): E/F/S/A/R ** Certified true copy is not a sales item

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IMO DOCUMENTS* Abbreviations: Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO), International Association of Classification Societies (IACS),International Bulk terminals Association (IBTA), International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU), International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), International Association Of Dry Cargo Shipowners (INTERCARGO), International Organization for Standardization (ISO) PS. Working Groups’ documents are not listed below

Resolutions A.184(VI) Adoption of grain regulations as an equivalent to chapter VI of the International Convention for the Safety

of Life at sea, 1960. 1969. A.713(17) Safety of ships carrying solid bulk cargoes. 1991. A. 744(18) Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil

Tankers. 1993 A.797(19) Safety of ships carrying solid bulk cargoes. 1995. A.798(19) Guidelines for the selection, application and maintenance of corrosion prevention systems of

dedicated seawater ballast tanks. 1995. A.862(20) Code of practice for the safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers 1997 A.886(20) Guidance to ships' crews and terminal personnel for bulk carrier inspections 1997 MSC.49(66) Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18) MSC.105(73) Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of

bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18), as amended) MSC.125(75) Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of

bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18), as amended) MSC.144(77) Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of

bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18), as amended)

MSC.145(77) Performance standards for water level detectors on bulk carriers MSC.146(77) Application of IACS unified requirements S26, S27, and S31 to bulk carriers MSC.197(80) Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18), as amended) MSC.215(82) Performance standard for protective coatings for dedicated seawater ballast tanks in all types of ships and double-skin spaces of bulk carriers

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Circulars

BC BC/Circ.57 Contact names and addresses of the offices of designated national competent authorities 12/12/00 responsible for the safe carriage of grain and solid cargoes

MSC MSC/Circ.531 Instability of ships resulting from shifting or liquefaction of bulk cargo. 12/06/90 MSC/Circ.611 Questionnaire on the condition of ships carrying solid bulk cargoes. 18/06/93 MSC/Circ.628 Guidelines on the enhanced programme of surveys for bulk carriers 17/06/93 MSC/Circ.646 Recommendations for the fitting of hull stress monitoring systems for improving the safe 06/06/94 operation of ships carrying dry cargo in bulk. MSC/Circ.655 Guidance for planning the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk 06/06/94 carriers and oil tankers. MSC/Circ.665 Duties of chief mate and officer of the watch (OOW) at loading and discharging ports. 22/12/94 Containers and cargoes : loading and unloading of bulk cargoes MSC/Circ.666 Cargo operation form. Containers and cargoes : loading and unloading of bulk cargoes. 22/12/94 MSC/Circ.667 Safe practice on board bulk carriers. 22/12/94 MSC/Circ.686 Guidelines on the means of access to structures for inspection and maintenance of oil 02/06/95 tanker and bulk carriers. MSC/Circ.690 Ship/shore safety checklist for loading or unloading dry bulk cargo carriers. 01/06/95 MSC/Circ.742 Amendments to the Code of safe practice for solid bulk cargoes (BC Code). 14/06/96 MSC/Circ.815 List of IMO safety-related requirements and recommendations applicable to all ships and certain 13/11/1998 types of ships http://www.imo.org/Circulars/mainframe.asp?topic_id=333 MSC/Circ.908 Uniform method of measurement of the density of bulk cargoes 04/06/99 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=827/908.PDF MSC.Circ.921 Amendments to the Code of Safe Practice for solid Bulk Cargoes (BC Code) 04/06/99 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=842/921.PDF MSC/Circ.947 & Safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers FAL/Circ.91 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=844/947.pdf 01/06/00 MSC/Circ.962 Amendments to the Code of Safe Practice for solid bulk cargoes (BC Code) 01/06/00 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=865/962.pdf

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MSC/Circ.1013 Interim application of paragraph 4.6.1.1, 4.6.2.2 and 15.7 of the survey 23/07/01 guidelines under the harmonized system of survey and certification (Resolution A.746(18) MSC/Circ.1051 Interim application of paragraphs 4.6.1.1, 4.6.2.2 and 15.7 of the survey guidelines under 19/07/02 the harmonized system of survey and certification (Resolution A.746(18)) http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=2294/1051.pdf MSC/Circ.1071 Guidelines for bulk carrier hatch cover surveys and owner’s inspections and maintenance 13/06/2003 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=2972/1071.pdf MSC/Circ.1084 Principles for hot work on board all types of ships 13/06/2003 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=2985/1084.pdf MSC/Circ.1095 Revised minimum safety standards for ships carrying liquids in bulk containing benzene 18/06/2003 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=3014/1095.pdf MSC/Circ.1100 Recommendation for the use of a standard format for the cargo information required by & MEPC/Circ.407 chapter 16 of the IBC Code http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=3188/1100.pdf 27/08/2003 MSC/Circ.1107 Application of Solas regulation II-1/3-6 on access to and within spaces in, and forward of, 25/05/2004 the cargo area of oil tankers and bulk carriers and application of the technical provisions for means of access for inspections http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=3685/1107.pdf MSC/Circ.1108 Guidelines for assessing the longitudinal strength of bulk carriers during loading, unloading 25/05/2004 and ballast water exchange http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=3681/1109.pdf MSC/Circ.1117 Guidance for checking the structure of bulk carriers 24/06/2004 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=3727/1117.pdf MSC/Circ.1119 Ship/terminal interface improvement for bulk carriers 10/06/2004 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=3728/1119.pdf MSC/Circ.1143 Guidelines on early assessment of hull damage and possible need for abandonment of bulk 13/12/2004 carriers http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=4581/1143.pdf MSC/Circ.1146 Lists of solid bulk cargoes for which a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system may be exempted or 15/12/2004 for which a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system is ineffective http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=4752/1146.pdf MSC/Circ.1159 Guidelines on the provision of stability-related information for bulk carriers 24/05/2005 MSC/Circ.1160 Manual on loading and unloading of solid bulk cargoes for terminal representatives 16/05/2005

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Sub-Committee on Ship Design and Equipment

43rd Session (10 – 14 April 2000) DE 43/5 Casualty analysis. Overheating of belt rollers on self-unloading bulk carriers. Extracts from the casualty report (case 391) reviewed by the correspondence group on casualty analysis 44th Session (5 – 9 March 2001) DE 44/2/3 Decisions of other IMO bodies. Surveys of large bulk carriers and tankers : Making ships survey friendly. Submitted by the Bahamas DE 44/19 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee. (Annex 9 – Draft amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18) as amended) 45th Session (18 – 22 March 2002) DE 45/14 Matters related to bulk carriers safety. Outcome of MSC 74 DE/45/14/1 Idem. Outcome of SLF 44 DE 45/14/2 Idem. Proposal for the fitting of high level alarms and level monitoring systems on bulk carriers. Submitted by the United Kingdom DE 45/27 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee (Section 14 – Matters related to bulk carriers; Annex 9 – Draft MSC Resolution on adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18), as amended) 46th Session (10 – 19 March 2003) DE 46/18 Performance standards for water ingress alarms on bulk carriers. Recommendation on performance standard for water ingress monitoring. Submitted by the United Kingdom DE 46/18/1 Idem. Draft performance standard for water ingress detectors. Performance and testing of water ingress detectors for bulk carriers. Submitted by IACS DE 46/18/2 Idem. Basic contents of performance standards for the water ingress alarm. Submitted by Japan DE 46/19 Guidelines on early abandonment of bulk carriers. Guidance on early abandonment – Draft MSC Circular. Heavy cargoes : early assessment of hull damage and need for abandonment. Submitted by the United Kingdom DE 46/19/1 Idem. Guidelines for early abandonment of bulk carriers. Submitted by ICS DE 46/22 Standards for hatch cover securing mechanisms on bulk carriers. Hatch cover operation and maintenance guidelines. Guidelines for bulk carrier hatch cover maintenance and survey. Submitted by the United Kingdom DE 46/23 Alternate hold loading ban for bulk carriers. Proposal to ban alternate hold loading for existing bulk carriers. Submitted by the United Kingdom

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DE 46/23/1 Idem. Comments on the proposal to ban alternate hold loading for bulk carriers. Submitted by ICS DE 46/23/2 Idem. Banning alternate hold loading of heavy cargoes in the full load condition. Submitted by Japan DE 46/23/3 Idem. Consideration of the possibility of restricting heavy cargoes. Submitted by Japan DE 46/24 Double-side-skin construction of bulk carriers. Opinion and proposals. Submitted by Japan DE 46/24/1 Idem. Proposal for determination of the double hull width of new bulk carriers. Submitted by BIMCO DE 46/25 Application for structural standards in SOLAS Chapter XII. Proposed amendments to SOLAS Chapter XII and Chapter IX. Submitted by the United Kingdom DE 46/25/1 Idem. Vulnerability of existing bulk carriers with inadequate post flooding structural strength. Submitted by the United Kingdom DE 46/25/2 Idem. Comments on the application of SOLAS Chapter XII structural standards to bulk carriers. Submitted by ICS DE 46/32 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee. (Section 18 – Performance standards for water ingress alarms on bulk carriers; Section 19 – Guidance on early abandonment of bulk carriers; Section 20 – Application of IACS URs S26, S27 and S31 to bulk carriers; Section 22 – Standards for hatch cover securing mechanisms on bulk carriers, Section 23 – Alternate hold loading ban for bulk carriers; Section 24 – Double side skin construction of bulk carriers; Section 25 – Application of structural standards in SOLAS Chapter XII; Section 26 – Improved loadings/stability information for bulk carriers; Annex 17 – Draft MSC Resolution on performance standards for water level detectors on bulk carriers; Annex 19 – Draft MSC Circular on guidelines on early assessment of hull damage and possible need for abandonment of bulk carriers; Annex 20 – Draft MSC Resolution on application of IACS unified requirements S26, S27 and S31 to bulk carriers; Annex 22 – Draft MSC Circular on guidelines for bulk carrier hatch cover surveys and owner’s inspections and maintenance; Annex 23 – preliminary draft amendments to SOLAS Chapter XII)) DE 46/INF.6 Amendments to resolution A.744(18). A study on hull condition assessment for aged double hull tankers. Submitted by Japan DE 46/INF.9 Application of IACS URs S26, S27 and S31 to bulk carriers. IACS UR S26 – Strength and securing of small hatches on the exposed fore deck. Submitted by IACS DE 46/INF.12 Alternate hold loading ban for bulk carriers. IACS UR S1 – Requirements for loading

conditions, loading manuals and loading instruments and UR S1A – Additional requirements for loading conditions, loading manuals and loading instruments for bulk carriers, ore carriers and combination carriers. Submitted by IACS

DE 46/INF.13 Standards for hatch cover securing mechanisms on bulk carriers. Cargo hatch cover securing arrangements. Submitted by IACS 47th Session (25 February – 5 March 2004) DE 47/15 Double-side skin construction of bulk carriers. Consideration on sufficient strength of double side skin bulk carriers against flooding accidents (Submitted by Japan)

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DE 47/16 Alternate hold loading ban for bulk carriers. Application of structural standards in SOLAS Chapter XII. Preliminary draft amendments to SOLAS Chapter XII. Submitted by the Republic of Korea DE 47/16/1 Idem. Double-side skin cons construction of bulk carriers. Application of structural standards in SOLAS Chapter XII. Proposed new text of SOLAS Chapter XII. Submitted by Japan DE 47/16/2 Application of structural standards in SOLAS Chapter XII. Draft amendments to SOLAS Chapter XII. Submitted by BIMCO, ICS and Intercargo DE 47/16/3 Idem. Comments on documents DE 47/16/1 and DE 47/16/2. Submitted by ICS DE 47/25 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee (Sections 14 – Alternate hold loading ban for bulk carriers; Section 15 – Double-side-skin construction of bulk carriers; Section 17 – Improved loading/stability information for bulk carriers, Annex 1 – Proposed amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744.(18), as amended), Annex 14 – Draft MSC Resolution on performance standards for water level detectors on bulk carriers and single hold cargo ships other than bulk carriers, Annex 18 – Draft MSC Resolution on standards and criteria for side structures of bulk carriers of single-side skin construction, Annex 19 – Draft MSC Resolution on standards for owners’ inspections and maintenance of bulk carrier hatch covers, Annex 20 – Draft MSC Circular on guidelines for assessing the longitudinal strength of bulk carriers during loading, unloading and ballast water exchange, Annex 23 – Draft amendments to Solas regulation II-1/3-6 on access to and within spaces in the cargo area of oil tankers and bulk carriers) DE 47/INF.5 Double-side skin construction of bulk carriers. Revision of IACS Unified requirement Z 10.5. Submitted by IACS DE 47/INF.6 Alternate hold loading ban. . Double-side skin construction of bulk carriers. Application of structural standards in Solas Chapter XII. Permeability of a cargo hold occupied by grain. Submitted by Japan DE 47/INF.7 Double-side skin construction of bulk carriers. Structural requirements for bulk carriers of double-side skin construction. Submitted by IACS DE 47/INF.9 Idem. Consideration on sufficient strength of double-side skin bulk carriers against flooding accidents – Investigation on weather condition of collision accidents. Submitted by Japan DE 47/INF.10 Idem. Consideration on sufficient strength of double-side skin bulk carriers against flooding Accidents. Investigation on hull girder strength in flooded condition. Submitted by Japan 48th Session (21-25 February 2005) DE 48/3 Amendments to Resolution A.744(18). Double side skin construction of bulk carriers : Revision of IACS Unified Requirement Z 10.5. Submitted by IACS

DE 48/12 Performance standards for protective coatings : Draft performance standards for protective coatings. Submitted by BIMCO, IACS, ICS, Intercargo, Intertanko). (Annex: (Draft) performance standards for protective coatings of the double-side skin spaces of bulk carriers and of ballast tanks) DE 48/12/1 Idem. Comments on the verification methods in the draft performance standards for protective coatings. Submitted by Japan DE 48/12/2 Idem. Comments on alternative procedures in the draft performance standards for protective coatings. Submitted by Japan

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DE 48/12/3 Idem. Comments on removal of pre-construction primer in the draft performance standards for protective coatings. Submitted by Japan DE 48/12/4 Idem. Comments on the definition and record of coatings in the draft performance standards for protective coatings. Submitted by Japan DE 48/12/5 Idem. Comments on the draft basic coatings system requirements in the draft performance standards for protective coatings. Submitted by Japan DE 48/12/6 Idem. Draft performance standards for protective coatings. Submitted by the Republic of Korea DE 48/25 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee 49th Session (20 – 24 February 2006) DE 49/11 Consideration of IACS unified interpretations. (Unified Interpretations SC136 - Connecting means by which the main bus bars of the main source of electrical power are normally connected; and SG180 - Hold, ballast and dry space water level detectors (Chapter XII, Regulation 12 (Resolution MSC.134(76)) and Performance Standards for Water Level Detectors on Bulk Carriers (Resolution MSC.145(77)).Submitted by IACS DE 49/20 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee. (Annex 15 – Draft MSC Resolution on performance standard for protective coastings for dedicated seawater ballast tanks on all new ships and double-side skin spaces of bulk carriers; Annex 16 – Draf MSC Circular on application of SOLAS regulation XII/6.3 on corrosion prevention of double-side skin spaces and dedicated seawater ballast tanks of bulk carriers and application of the performance standard for protective coatings for dedicated seawater ballast tanks on all new ships and double-side skin spaces of bulk carriers) 50th Session (5 – 9 March 2007) DE 50/3/1 Amendments to Resolution A.744(18). Comparison between resolution A.744(18), as amended, and IACS Unified Requirements Z10.2 on the provisions for single-side skin bulk carriers (Part of the report of the correspondence group on amendments to resolution A.744(18). Submitted by Japan DE 50/3/2 Idem. Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspection during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers: provisions for double-side skin bulk carriers (Part of the report of the correspondence group on amendments to resolution A.744(18). Submitted by Japan DE 50/25/1 Any other business. Definition of bulk carrier and approval for the carriage of dry cargoes in Bulk DE 50/25/10 Idem. Definition of the term “bulk carrier”. Submitted by the United Kingdom DE 50/27 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee. (Section 3 – Amendments to Resolution A.744(18); Annex 1 – Draft amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil pollution (Resolution A.744(18), as amended); Annex 3 – Draft MSC resolution on performance standard for protective coatings for void spaces on bulk carriers and oil tankers

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Sub-Committee on Dangerous Goods, Solid Cargoes and Containers

8th Session (22 – 26 September 2003) DSC 8/10 Ship/terminal interface improvement for bulk carriers DSC 8/11 Alternative hold loading ban for bulk carriers DSC 8/11/1 Idem. Outcome of DE 46 DSC 8/15 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee (Section 10 – Ship/terminal interface improvement for bulk carriers; Section 11 – Alternative hold loading ban for bulk carriers; Annex 3 – Draft MSC Circular ship/terminal interface improvement for bulk carriers) 11th Session (11 – 15 September 2006) DSC 11/INF.3 Casualty and incident reports and analysis. Report on the investigation of the total loss of the bulk carrier “Adamandas”. Submitted by France

Sub-Committee on Flag State Implementation 12th Session (11 – 19 March 2004) FSI 12/14 PSC officer training for bulk carriers. Submitted by the United Kingdom 13th Session (7 – 11 March 2005) FSI 13/23 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee and the Marine Environment Protection Committee

Sub-Committee on Safety of Navigation 49th Session (30 June – 4 July 2003) NAV 49/19 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee. (Section 15 – Guidance on early abandonment for bulk carriers)

Sub-Committee on Stability and Load Lines and on Fishing Vessels Safety .

45th Session (22 – 26 July 2002) SLF 45/4/3 Revision of technical regulations of the 1966 LL Convention. Status of reverse buoyancy of forward parts of existing bulk carriers. Submitted by China SLF 45/4/9 Idem. Influence of reduced freeboard on bulk carrier safety. Submitted by Germany SLF 45/9 Bulk carrier safety. Outcome of DE 45.

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SLF 45/14 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee (Section 9 – Matters related to bulk carrier safety) 46th Session (8 – 12 December 2003) SLF 46/12 Improved loading/stability information for bulk carriers. Outcome of MSC 76 and DE 46 SLF 46/12/1 Idem. Stability information for bulk carriers and general cargo ships of less than 150 metres in length. Proposed amendments to Solas Chapter II-1, part B, regulation 22. Submitted by the United Kingdom SLF 46/16 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee. (Section 12 – Improved loadings/stability information for bulk carriers) 47th Session (13-17 September 2004) SLF 47 3/15 Development of revised Solas chapter II-1 parts A,B and B-1. Comparative computational evaluation of energy intensity and damage penetration depth under accident collision for cruise vessels, bulk carriers and tankers of 50,000 tonnes displacement. Submitted by Italy SLF 47/12 Improved loading/stability information for bulk carriers. Proposals for improved load/stability data for bulk carriers. Submitted by Australia SLF 47/INF.13 Improved loading/stability information for bulk carriers. IACS Unified requirement L5. Onboard computers for stability calculations. Submitted by IACS SLF 47/17 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee. (Section 12 – Improved loading/stability information for bulk carriers; Annex 10 – Draft MSC Circular on guidelines on the provisions of stability- related information for bulk carries)

Maritime Safety Committee Please note that documents listed below are from the year 2000 onwards only.

72nd Session (17 – 26 May 2000) MSC 72/4 Bulk carrier safety MSC 72/4/1 Idem. Green sea loads on hatch covers and deck wetness derived from seakeeping model tests

on a range of bulk carriers. Principal conclusions drawn from seakeeping tests. Submitted by the United Kingdom

MSC 72/4/1/Add.1 Idem. Further green sea loads results of seakeeping model tests on a range of bulk carriers. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 72/4/2 Idem. Comments on the United Kingdom paper MSC 72/4/1 on “Green sea loads on hatch covers and deck wetness derived from sea keeping model tests on a range of bulk carriers. Submitted by IACS MSC 72/4/3 Idem. Safety of bulk carriers – progress report on the International Collaborative Formal Safety Assessment Study. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 72/22/7 Any other business. Inspection of the outside of the ship’s bottom of cargo ships under the enhanced programme of inspections and the harmonized system of survey and certification (HSSC) during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (paragraph 4 of MSC 67/21/6). Submitted by France

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MSC 72/INF.2 Bulk carrier safety. Bulk carrier casualty report. Analysis of vessel losses and fatalities in 1998, including data from 1990 to 1998. Submitted by Intercargo MSC 72/INF.4 Idem hazard Identification (HAZID) on the watertight integrity of the fore end of bulk carriers. Submitted by IACS MSC 72/INF.7 An interim report on FSA study on bulk carrier safety. Submitted by Japan MSC 72/INF.8 Idem. An interim report on the part of HAZID of FSA study on bulk carrier safety. Submitted by Japan MSC 72/INF.11 Any other business. Revised IACS Unified Requirements UR Z10.1 “Hull surveys of oil tankers” and UR Z10.2 “Hull surveys of bulk carriers”. Submitted by IACS MSC 72/INF.14 Bulk carrier safety. ISO standards for bulk carriers, ISO 15401 and ISO 15402. Submitted by ISO MSC 72/INF.18 Idem. Safety of bulk carriers – Basis of the International Collaborative Formal Safety Assessment Study. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 72/INF.21 Idem. IACS interpretation of SOLAS regulation XII/9.3 – SC154 – Provision of detailed information on specific cargo hold flooding scenarios. Submitted by IACS MSC 72/23 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 72nd Session (Section 4 – Bulk carrier safety; Annex 21 – Draft amendments to Annex B to Resolution A.744(18) on guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers) 73rd Session (27 November – 6 December 2000) MSC 73/5 Bulk carrier safety. MSC 73/5/1 Idem. Bulk carrier model test programme. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 73/5/2 Idem. Outcome of the 43rd session of the SLF Sub-Committee MSC 73/31 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 73rd Session. (Section 5 – Bulk carrier safety; Annex 13 – Resolution MSC.105(73) – Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18) as amended))) MSC 73/INF.7 Bulk carrier safety. Hazard identification of life-saving appliances for bulk carriers. Progress on a hazard identification (Step 1 of FSA) carried out in Norway. Submitted by ICFTU MSC 73/INF.8 Any other business. Investigations by the Norwegian Maritime Directorate into the sinking of the bulk carrier “Leros Strength”. Submitted by Norway MSC 73/INF.10 Bulk carrier safety. An interim report on Formal Safety Assessment study on bulk carriers. Submitted by Japan MSC 73/INF.15 Bulk carrier safety. Revised IACS unified requirements S17, 18 and 20. Submitted by IACS

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74th Session (30 May – 8 June 2001) MSC 74/5 Bulk carrier safety. Outcome of MSC 73 MSC 74/5/1 Idem. Bulk carrier model test progress report. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 74/5/2 Idem. Recommendations of the re-opened formal investigation into the loss of the MV Derbyshire. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 74/5/2 Idem. Report on FSA study on bulk carrier safety. Submitted by Japan MSC 74/5/4 Idem. Formal Safety Assessment. Fore-end watertight integrity. Submitted by IACS MSC 74/5/5 Idem. Formal Safety Assessment of life saving appliances for bulk carriers FSA/LSA/BC. Submitted by Norway and ICFTU MSC 74/5/6 Idem. Precautions against flooding of forward spaces. Proposed draft MSC Circular – Dangers of flooding of forward compartments. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 74/5/7 Idem. International collaborative FSA study – Progress report. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 74/24 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 74th session. (Section 5 – Bulk carrier safety; Annex 17 – Draft amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18))) MSC 74/INF.4 Bulk carrier safety. International Collaborative FSA Study – Screening of generic hazards. The susceptibility of bulk carriers to generic accidents. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 74/INF.5 Idem. International Collaborative FSA hazard Identification and Screening. Report on step 1 of

the International Collaborative FSA Study into bulk carrier safety : Hazard Identification. Submitted by the United Kingdom

MSC 74/INF.5/Add.1 Idem. International Collaborative FSA hazard Identification and Screening. FSA of bulk carriers – Appendix A – Consolidated hazard list. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 74/INF.9 Idem. Report on FSA study on bulk carrier safety carried out in Japan. Submitted by Japan MSC 74/INF.10 Idem. Step 2 of FSA on bulk carrier safety (risk analysis). Submitted by Japan MSC 74/INF.11 Idem. Step 3 of FSA study on bulk carrier safety – Risk control options (RCO). Submitted by Japan MSC 74/INF.12 Idem. Step 4 of FSA Study on bulk carrier safety – Cost effective analysis. Submitted by Japan MSC 74/INF.14 Idem. A trial application of FSA methodology to No. 1 cargo hold flooding of bulk carriers. Submitted by the Republic of Korea MSC 74/INF.15 Idem. A trial application of FSA methodology to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers. Submitted by the Republic of Korea MSC 74/INF.19 Idem. Bulk carrier casualty report for 2000. Note by Intercargo

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75th Session (15 – 24 May 2002) MSC 75/3/2 Consideration and adoption of amendments to mandatory instruments. Amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18)). Draft resolution MSC.[…](75) – Adoption of amendments to the Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (resolution A.744(18)) MSC 75/3/3 Idem. Amendments to the Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (resolution A.744(18)). Submitted by IACS MSC 75/5 Bulk carrier safety. Outcome of MSC 74 and SLF 44 MSC 75/5/Add.1 Idem. Outcome of COMSAR 6 and DE 45 MSC 75/5/1 Idem. International Collaborative FSA Study – Progress report. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 75/5/2 Idem. Report on FSA Study on bulk carrier safety. Submitted by Japan MSC 75/5/3 Idem. Bulk carrier model test progress report. Report on results to date of the model tests initiated following the re-opened formal investigation into the loss of the m.v. Derbyshire. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 75/5/4 Idem. Precautions against flooding of forward spaces and improved life-saving appliances. Submitted by ICFTU MSC 75/5/5 Idem. International Collaborative FSA Study. Step 2 of FSA (Risk analysis). Submitted by France MSC 75/24 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 75th Session (Section 5 – Bulk carrier safety; Annex 4 – Resolution MSC.125(75) – Adoption of amendments to the Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18) as amended)) MSC 75/INF. 6 Idem. Step 2 of FSA on bulk carrier safety (Risk Analysis). Submitted by Japan MSC 75/INF.9 Idem. Bulk carrier casualty report for 2001. Submitted by Intercargo MSC 75/INF.18 Stability, load lines and fishing vessel safety. Hatch cover scantling requirements for bulk carriers (IACS UR S21). Submitted by IACS MSC 75/INF.22 Bulk carrier safety. International Collaborative FSA Study. Step 2 of FSA (Risk Analysis). WP 11 Develop risk contribution tree components. Submitted by France MSC 75/INF. 23 Idem. IACS takes action to improve the safety regime for bulk carriers. Submitted by IACS 76th Session (2 – 13 December 2003) MSC 76/5 Bulk carrier safety. Outcome of MSC 75 and SLF 45 MSC 76/5/1 Idem. International FSA study on bulk carrier safety. Interface between ships and the loading- unloading terminal. Analysis of the problems interface ship/terminal. Submitted by Spain

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MSC 76/5/2 Idem. International FSA study on bulk carrier safety. Practical difficulties in the on-board implementation of previously identified risk control options. Impact assessment of risk control options for bulk carriers. Submitted by Spain MSC 76/5/3 Idem. Effect of URS21 on existing hatch covers of bulk carriers. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 76/5/4 Idem. Application of Solas Chapter XII to double skin bulk carriers. International Collaborative FSA Study – WP6 Task b: Impact of SOLAS Chapter XII on double-skin bulk carriers – Ship Design Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens. Submitted by the United

Kingdom MSC 76/5/5 Idem. International Collaborative FSA Study – Final Report. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 76/5/6 Idem. Development of a final list of recommendations for decision-making and double side skin construction. Submitted by Intercargo MSC 76/5/7 Idem. Comments to proposed new regulations 12 and 13 to SOLAS Chapter XII. Submitted by BIMCO and ICS MSC 76/5/8 Idem. International Collaborative FSA Study – Transverse watertight bulkheads. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 76/5/9 Idem. Pros and cons of double side skin constructions for bulk carriers. Submitted by Greece. MSC 76/5/10 Idem. Building of robust ships. Submitted by Greece MSC 76/5/11 Idem. International FSA study on bulk carrier safety. Comments on the report submitted by Spain entitled: “Interface between ships and the loading-unloading terminal”. Submitted by IBTA MSC 76/5/12 Idem. Consideration on decision-making process using independent FSA studies. Submitted by Japan MSC 76/5/13 Idem. Investigation on hatch cover-related casualties. Submitted by Japan MSC 76/5/14 Idem. Carriage of immersion suits. Submitted by Japan MSC 76/5/15 Idem. Life-saving appliances. Recommendations to the conclusions of document MSC 74/5/5 submitted by Norway and ICFTU. Submitted by Japan MSC 76/5/16 Idem. Hull envelope structural failure of m/v Lake Carling. Submitted by the Marshall Islands MSC 76/5/17 Idem. Comments on the International Collaborative FSA Study final report and a review of proposals. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 76/5/18 Idem. Consideration of decision-making process. Submitted by ICS MSC 76/5/19 Idem. Policy issues and comments on recommended Risk Control Options and recommended actions. Submitted by Greece MSC 76/5/20 Idem. IACS Unified Requirement UR S21. Evaluation of scantlings of hatch covers and hatch coamings of bulk carrier cargo holds. Submitted by IACS MSC 76/8/3 Ship design and equipment. Proposed amendments to “Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers” (Resolution A.744(18). Submitted by India

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MSC 76/13/2 Dangerous goods, solid cargoes and containers. Comments concerning development of a manual on loading and unloading of solid bulk cargoes for terminal representatives. Safety and efficiency matters at the bulk terminal/bulk carrier interface. Submitted by IBTA MSC 76/23 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee on its 76th Session (Section 5 - Bulk carrier safety, Annex 7 – Draft MSC Resolution – Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18), as amended) MSC 76/INF.3 Bulk carrier safety. FSA Glossary. Submitted by IACS MSC 76/INF.5 Bulk carrier safety. International Collaborative FSA Study – Task inventory and performance influencing factors. Submitted by United Kingdom MSC 76/INF.10 MARIN Model test – Green seas hatch loading on bulk carriers. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 76/INF.15 Bulk carrier safety. Innovative bulk carrier design. Submitted by Norway MSC 76/INF.17 Bulk carrier safety. Estimated number of casualties caused by hatch cover failures and those caused by side shell failures and fatalities in them of bulk carriers. Submitted by Japan MSC 76/INF.19 Bulk carrier safety. Update on IACS actions to improve the safety regime for bulk carriers. Submitted by IACS MSC 76/INF.21 Bulk carrier safety. Bulk carriers – Side shell integrity evaluation of risk control options. Submitted by IACS 77th Session (28 May – 6 June 2003) MSC 77/3 Consideration and adoption of amendments to mandatory instruments. Amendments to the 1974 SOLAS Convention and guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (resolution A.744(18)). Draft MSC resolutions MSC 77/5 Bulk carrier safety. Outcome of MSC 76 Recommendations agreed at MSC 76 for decision-making work schedule. MSC 77/5/1 Idem. Outcome of DE 46 MSC 77/5/2 Idem. FSA study of bulk carrier less than 150 metres in length. Submitted by Cyprus and the United Kingdom MSC 77/5/3 Idem. Safety of bulk carriers less than 150 metres in length. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 77/5/4 Idem. FSA study of bulk carriers: Review of risk reduction resulting from combining risk control options and associated risk reduction following selection of options agreed at MSC 76. Submitted by United Kingdom MSC 77/5/5 Idem. Continued vulnerability of existing bulk carriers. Submitted by the United Kingdom MSC 77/5/6 Idem. Various measures for improving bulk carrier safety. Submitted by Japan MSC 77/13/3 Ship design and equipment. IACS views on the significant improvements provided by IACS UR 31 relative to the structural and renewal criteria of the side shell frames on

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existing single side skin bulk carriers. Submitted by IACS MSC 77/13/4 Idem. Additional recommendation as to the proposed performance standards for water level detectors on bulk carriers. Submitted by IACS MSC 77/26 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 77th Session. (Section 5 – Bulk carrier safety; Annex 4 – Resolution MSC.144(77) – Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18), as amended); Annex 5 – Resolution MSC.145(77) – Performance standards for water level detectors on bulk carriers; Annex 6 – Resolution MSC.146(77) – Application of IACS Unified Requirements S26, S27, S30 and S31 to bulk carriers) MSC 77/INF.8 Bulk carrier safety. Bulk carrier casualty report for 2002. Submitted by Intercargo MSC 77/INF.15 Idem. Revision of IACS Unified Requirement S27. Submitted by IACS 78th Session (12 – 21 May 2004) MSC 78/5 Bulk carrier safety. Outcome of NAV 49, SLF 46 and DSC 8 MSC 78/5/Add.1 Idem. Outcome of STW 35, DE 47 and FSI 12 MSC 78/5/1 Idem. Comparative study of single and double side skin bulk carriers. Submitted by Greece MSC 78/5/2 Idem. Comments on documents MSC 78/5/1 and MSC 78/Inf.6. Submitted by ICS MSC 78/5/3 Idem. Observations on document MSC 78/Inf.6 : Comparative FSA study on single- and double-side skin bulk carriers. Submitted by IBTA MSC 78/5/4 Idem. Cost benefits of double side skin bulk carriers. Submitted by UK MSC 78/26 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 78th Session (Section 5 – Bulk carrier safety; Annex 11 – Draft MSC Resolution on standards and criteria for side structures of bulk carriers of single-side skin construction; Annex 12 – Draft MSC Resolution on standards for owners’ inspection and maintenance of bulk carrier hatch covers; Annex 15 – Draft amendments to the International Code for the Construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk (IGC Code); Annex 16 – Draft amendments to the International Code for the Construction and equipment of ships carrying dangerous chemicals in bulk (IBC Code) MSC 78/INF. 6 Idem. Comparative FSA study on single- and double-side skin bulk carriers. Submitted by Greece 79th Session (1 – 10 December 2004) MSC 79/23 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 79th Session (Annex 1 – Resolution MSC.168(79) – Standards and criteria for side structures of bulk carriers of single-side skin construction; Annex 2 - Resolution MSC 169(79) – Standards for owners’ inspection and maintenance of bulk carrier hatch covers; Annex 22 – Draft amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18) as amended; Annex 26 – Performance standards for water level detectors on bulk carriers and single hold cargo ships other than bulk carriers

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80th Session (11 – 20 May 2005) MSC 80/3/4 Consideration and adoption of amendments to mandatory instruments. Amendments to the 1974 Solas Convention, the ISM and ISPS Codes and the guidelines on the enhancement programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (resolution A.744(18) MSC 80/18/2 Implementation of instruments and related matters. New Solas regulation XII/6.5. Submitted by IACS MSC 80/18/5 Idem. New Solas regulation XII/6.5. Submitted by BIMCO, ICS and Intercargo MSC 80/24 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on is 80th Session. (Annex 4 – Resolution MSC.197(80) – Adoption of amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (Resolution A.744(18), as amended) MSC 80/INF.5 Any other business. Bulk carrier casualty report. Submitted by Intercargo 81st Session (10 – 19 May 2006) MSC 81/7/1 Ship design and equipment. Urgent maters emanating from the 49th session of the Sub- Committee (Annex : Draft resolution MSC…(82) – Performance standard for protective coatings for dedicated seawater ballast tanks on all new ships and double-side skin spaces of bulk carriers) MSC 81/7/Add.1 Idem. Urgent matters emanating from the 49th session of the sub-committee MSC 81/8/3 Flag state implementation. Definition of bulk carriers and approval for the carriage of dry cargoes in bulk. Submitted by IACS MSC 81/25 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 81st Session (Annex 21 : Draft MSC Resolution on performance standard for protective coatings on dedicated seawater ballast tanks in all new ships and double-side skin spaces of bulk carriers) MSC 81/INF.11 Bulk carrier casualty report. Submitted by INTERCARGO 82nd Session (29 November 8 December 2006) MSC 82/24 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 82nd Session (Annex 1 – Resolution MSC.215(82) – Performance standard for protective coatings for dedicated seawater ballast tanks in all types of ships and double-side skin spaces of bulk carriers) 83rd Session (3 – 12 October 2007) MSC 83/5/17 Goal-based new ship construction standards. Comments on the report of the Correspondence Group on GBS for bulk carriers and tankers. Submitted by the Republic of Korea MSC 83/9/1 Ship design and equipment. Definition of the term “bulk carrier”. Submitted by Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, UK and the European Commission

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MSC 83/INF.6 Any other business. Bulk carrier casualty report. Submitted by INTERCARGO.

SOLAS Conferences SOLAS/CONF.4 (24 – 28 November 1997) SOLAS/CONF.4/3 Consideration and adoption of amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at sea. Draft text of amendments. SOLAS/CONF.4/4 Consideration and adoption of amendments to Resolution A.744(18) – Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers. Draft text of amendments. SOLAS/CONF.4/5 Consideration and adoption of resolutions and recommendations and related matters SOLAS/CONF.4/8 Consideration and adoption of amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of & SOLAS/CONF.4.8/Corr.1 Life at sea, 1974. Proposed amendments to the draft text of amendments. Submitted by Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) SOLAS/CONF.4/9 Idem. Draft text of new chapter XII. Submitted by Japan. SOLAS/CONF.4/10 Idem. Modification of Regulation XII/3. Submitted by the Republic of Korea SOLAS/CONF.4/12 Idem. Comments on the draft text of new chapter XII. Submitted by Japan. SOLAS/CONF.4/13 Idem. Note by Germany SOLAS/CONF.4/15 Idem. Interpretation of the definition of “bulk carrier” in Solas regulation IX/1.6; application of the

proposed new requirements in Solas chapter XII. Note by Norway SOLAS/CONF.4/14 Idem. Proposed amendments to the Convention. Submitted by Australia SOLAS/CONF.4/17 Idem. Submitted by Cyprus SOLAS/CONF.4/18 Idem. Note by Cyprus SOLAS/CONF.4/19 Idem. Submitted by Cyprus SOLAS/CONF.4/20 Consideration and adoption of amendments to Resolution A.744(18) – Guidelines on the enhanced

programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers. Note by Cyprus SOLAS/CONF.4/21 Consideration and adoption of resolutions and recommendations and related matters. Proposed draft Conference resolution on the interpretation of the definition of bulk carrier. Submitted by the Netherlands and Norway SOLAS/CONF.4/22 Consideration and adoption of amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at sea, 1974. The lower size limit for application of the new chapter XII of SOLAS 1974. Submitted by Norway SOLAS/CONF.4/23 Consideration and adoption of resolutions and recommendations and related matters. Submitted by Cyprus SOLAS/CONF.4/24 Adoption of the Final Act of the Conference. Final Act of the Conference on Contracting Government to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974. Text adopted by the Conference

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SOLAS/CONF.4/25 Conference resolution 1 and related amendments to SOLAS; Conference resolution 2 and related amendments to resolution A.744(18); and Conference resolution 3 to 9 as adopted by the Conference. SOLAS/CONF.4/25 Conference Resolution 2 and related amendments to Resolution A.744(18) - Amendments to the guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk

carriers and oil tankers.

SOLAS/CONF.4/INF.3 Consideration and adoption of amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at sea, 1974. Note by Cyprus. This document advises the Conference on the investigation into the loss of the single skin bulk carrier “Albion Two” SOLAS/CONF.4/INF.4 Consideration and adoption of amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at sea, 1974. Note by Cyprus. This document advises the Conference on the investigation into the loss of the single skin bulk carrier “Leros Strength”

IMO MATERIAL ON THE WEBSITE SeaLibrary Online. IMO Library Catalogues online. http://www.imo.org/InfoResource/mainframe.asp?topic_id=827 Bulk carrier safety. http://www.imo.org/Safety/mainframe.asp?topic_id=349 Survey and certification : Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (IMO Resolution A.744(18), as amended) : An overview. Paper by Dr. Heike Hoppe, Technical Officer, January 2002. http://www.imo.org/includes/blastDataOnly.asp/data_id=4267/HeikeA744.pdf IMO News Magazine SOLAS, SAR amendments enter into force : bulk carriers, persons in distress at sea. IMO News Magazine , Issue 3/2006, p.9 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastDataOnly.asp/data_id%3D15857/IMONews32006forweb.pdf IMO adopts new regulations for bulk carriers. IMO News Magazine, Issue 1/2003, p. 13 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=2948/IMO%20News%201_03.pdf Bulk carrier safety : Proposal to fit watertight ingress alarms agreed in principle. IMO News Magazine, Issue 2/2000, p. 20 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=2431/issue2.pdf New bulk carrier regulations enter into force on 1 July 1999. IMO news, Issue 2/1999, pp 3-5 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=412/99-2.pdf Focus on IMO IMO and the safety of bulk carriers . In: Focus on IMO, September 1999. http://www.imo.org/imo/focus/1999/bulk99.pdf

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Press Briefings New IMO bulk carrier regulations enter into force on 1 July 1999. Briefing, 28 June 1999 http://www.imo.org/imo/briefing/1999/fax09.htm

Secretary-General calls for unity on bulk carrier safety. IMO Secretary-General highlights need for widespread and concerted efforts to improve bulk carrier safety. Briefing 11/2002, 20 March 2002. http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=583&doc_id=1993 Informal Meeting on bulk carrier safety. To consider bulk carrier safety agreed the approach currently being taken within IMO is right but more work needs to be done. Briefing 13/2002. 22 March 2002. http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=583&doc_id=2004 The Prestige - IMO statement. Human life and the marine environment prime concerns for IMO. IMO Briefing, 36/2002, 21 November 2002. http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=583&doc_id=2583 Security issues, bulk carrier safety top agenda at IMO safety meeting. Maritime Safety Committee meets 2-13 December 2002. Briefing 38/2002: 30 November 2002 http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=583&doc_id=2639 IMO adopts new regulations for bulk carriers. IMO has adopted new regulations for bulk carriers during 76th session of IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee (MSC). Other issues included maritime security and places of refuge. Briefing 43/2002, 23 December 2002. http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=583&doc_id=2693 Goal-based standards under development at IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee. Maritime Safety Committee - 79th session: 1-10 December 2004. Briefing 38/2004. 26 November 2004. http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=848&doc_id=4502 Goal-based standards under development at IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee. Goal-based standards for new ship construction considered, bulk carrier amendments adopted at MSC. Briefing 40/2004, 22 December 2004. http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=848&doc_id=4574

Goal-based standards on agenda at IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee. Ship construction rules under the spotlight at MSC 80. Briefing 22/2005, 10 May 2005. http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=1018&doc_id=4878

OTHER PUBLICATIONS BALTIC AND INTERNATIONAL MARITIME COUNCIL (BIMCO) - - Bulk carrier safety. BIMCO Special Bulletin. London, Stroudgate Plc, 1998 (ISBN 1-900521-90-3 BALTIC AND INTERNATIONAL MARITIME COUNCIL (BIMCO) / MARINE TECHNICAL MANAGERS ASSOCIATION (MARTECMA) - Bulk carrier newbuilding specification guide. Bagsvaerd/Piraeus, BIMCO/MARTECMA, September 2005. BES, J. - Bulk carriers : Practical guide to the subject for all connected with the shipping business. 2nd ed. London, Barker & Howard Ltd, 1972. (ISBN 0-900133-09-0) BUREAU OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS ECONOMICS - Structural failure of large bulk ships. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service, 1994 (ISBN : 0-644-33027-9) BURTON, J.A. - Enhanced survey of oil tankers and bulk carriers. In: Sterling Publications Ltd Maritime transport international 1993. London : Sterling Publications Ltd, 1993, pp 42-44

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CLARKSON RESEARCH INSTITUTE - Bulk carrier register 1995. London, Clarkson Research Institute, 1995. (ISBN 0-900291-59-1) DET NORSKE VERITAS (DNV) - Bulk carrier losses. Hovik : Det Norske Veritas, 1991 - Cost benefit analysis of existing bulk carriers : A case study on application of formal safety assessment techniques. Hovik : DNV, 1997 (Paper Series No. 97-P008) - Focus on bulk carrier safety. In: Forum (The corporate magazine of Det Norske Veritas), No. 2/2001. pp 3-9 EKNES, M.L. – Safety evaluation of the Optimum 2000 capesize bulk carrier. Oslo, Libæk and Associates A/S, 2002. EWART, W.D. - Bulk carriers. Coulsdon, Fairplay Publications Ltd, 1984. (ISBN 0-905045-42-4) FERGUSON, J. / ROBINSON, D. - Design and operations of bulk carriers : The safety issue. In: Sterling Publications Shipbuilding Technology International '92. London : Sterling Publication Ltd, 1992, pp 63-65 FERGUSON, J.M. et al / LLOYD'S REGISTER OF SHIPPING - On bulk carrier safety . London : Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1993 (Paper No. 5, Session 1992-1993) FORMAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF BULK CARRIERS – Bulk carrier model tests. http://www.mcga.gov.uk/aboutus/bulkcarriers/studies.htm GRATSOS, G.A. - Bulk carrier safety. In: Hellenic Chamber of Shipping Review Vol. 145, 1997, pp 133-144 HEDELIN, C. / RESARE, M. - Ore cargo loading and its effect on the strength of ships. Göteborg ( Norway) : Chalmers University of Technology, 1992 INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATIC MODELLING (IMM) - Losses and major casualties 1984-92 tankers and bulkers 10,000 GT and above. Lyngby (Denmark) : IMM, 1995 (IMM-REP-1995-7) INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CLASSIFICATION SOCIETIES (IACS) - Bulk carriers : Guidance and information to shipowners and operators. London : IACS, 1992 - Bulk carriers : Guidelines for surveys, assessment and repair of hull structure. 3rd ed.. London : Witherby and Co. Ltd, 1995 (ISBN : 1-85609-135-X) - Bulk carriers : Guidance and information on bulk cargo loading and discharging to reduce the likelihood of over-stressing the hull structure. London : IACS, 1997 - Bulk carriers : Handle with care. London, IACS, 1998. - Bulk carrier safety. In: International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) - The IACS Briefings 1996-1998. London : IACS, 1999 ( IACS Briefing No. 5, September 1997) - Formal Safety Assessment of bulk carriers. London, IACS, 2002. (http://www.iacs.org.uk/fsa/wp5/main.htm) - Pros and cons of double side skin construction (DSS) vs. single side skin construction (SSS) for new construction under SOLAS Chapter XII, 2002- (http://www.iacs.org.uk/fsa/wp5/doublehull.htm ) INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DRY CARGO SHIPOWNERS (INTERCARGO) http://www.intercargo.org - Analysis of total loss and fatality statistics : Bulk carriers, ore carriers and OBOs 1990-1995. London : Intercargo, 1996 - Bulk carrier casualty report : Analysis of total loss and fatality statistics for dry bulk carriers 1990-1997. London : Intercargo, 1998

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- Bulk carrier casualty report : Analysis of vessel losses and fatalities 1998, including data 1990-1998. London : Intercargo, 1999 - Bulk carrier casualty report : Analysis of vessels losses and fatalities statistics for 1999 and ten years of losses 1990-1999. London, Intercargo, 2000. - Bulk Carrier casualty report : 2000 and the previous ten years (1991-2000). London, Intercargo, 2001 - Bulk carrier casualty report : 2001 and the previous ten years (1992-2001). London, Intercargo, 2002 - Bulk carrier casualty report : 2002, the previous ten years (1993-2000_ and the trends. London : Intercargo, 2003 - Bulk carrier casualty report : 2003, the previous ten years (1994-2003) and the trends. London, Intercargo, 2004 - Bulk carrier casualty report 2004, the previous ten years (1995-2004) and the trends. London, Intercargo, 2005 - Bulk carrier casualty report 2005, the previous ten years (1996-2005) and the trends. London, Intercargo, 2006 - Bulk carrier terminal report : September 2000. London, Intercargo, 2000 - Port state control : A guide for ships involved in the dry bulk trades. London, Intercargo, 2000 - Bulk carriers : Guidelines for surveys, assessment and repair of hull structures. 2nd ed. London, Witherby & Co. Ltd, 2002 (ISBN 1-85609-223-2) - Technical and operational update for bulk carriers. 2006 : Issue One. London, Intercargo, 2006 - Benchmarking bulk carriers through port state control data. London, Intercargo, 2006 INTERNATIONAL CARGO HANDLING CO-ORDINATION ASSOCIATION (ICHCA) - The loading and unloading of solid bulk cargoes. London : ICHCA, 1998. (ISBN : 1-85330-096-9) INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF SHIPPING (ICS) - Ship shore safety checklist for bulk carriers. London, ICS, 2000 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO) - Ships and marine technology : Bulk carriers : Construction quality of hull structure. Geneva, ISO, 2000. (ISO 15401) - Ships and marine technology : Bulk carriers : Repair quality of hull structure. Geneva, ISO, 2000. (ISO 15402) ISBESTER, J. - Bulk carrier practice. London : The Nautical Institute, 1993 (ISBN : 1-870077-16-4) JUBB, J. - Structural failures of bulk carriers. Lecture presented at an ordinary meeting of the Institution held in London on 25 January 1995. London : Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1995 LIBEK AND ASSOCIATES A/S - Capesize bulk carrier : Preliminary outline specification. Oslo : LibÆk and Associates A/S, 2002 LLOYD'S REGISTER OF SHIPPING - Bulk carriers - The safety issues. London : Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1991 - Bulk carriers : Guidance to operators on the inspection of cargo holds. London : Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1991 - Bulk carriers : An update (January 1996). London : Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1996 - Lloyd’s Register on bulk carrier safety. In: Marine Bulletin, Issue 1, 2002, pp 1-4. http://www.cdlive.lr.org/information/otherdocs/marinebulletin/mb1_02.pdf MARITIME AND COASTGUARD AGENCY (MCA) – Bulk carriers safety studies 1998-2004. Southampton, (UK)< MCA,

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2006 (Marine Information Note 228 (M)) NIPPON KAIKI KYOKAI (NKK) - Study report on bulk carriers loss : January 1992. Tokyo : NKK, 1992 OIL INTERNATIONAL COMPANIES MARINE FORUM (OCIMF) – Vessel inspection questionnaire for bulk oil/chemical carriers and gas carriers – V.I.Q. 2nd ed. London: Witherby & Co. Ltd, 2000 (ISBN : 1-85609-200-3) PATTOFATTO, G. – Bulk carriers : Safety for ships and seafarers. In: Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO), BIMCO Review 1998, pp 79-82. London, Stroudgate Plc, 1999. PLAZA, F. - IMO's work on bulk carriers. London, IMO , 1996. SWIFT, P.J. - Safe operation of bulk carriers. In: Nautical Institute The Nautical Institute on the management of safety in shipping. London : Nautical Institute, 1991, pp 168-170 (ISBN : 1-870077-08-3) TOLERTON, N. – Bulk carriers : The ocean Cinderella. Christchurch (New Zealand), Willson Scott Publishing Ltd, 2005 (ISBN 0-9582535-0) TUSTIN, R.D. / LLOYD'S REGISTER OF SHIPPING. LR Technical Association - Existing bulk carrier safety : On the evaluation of the foremost hold structure under conditions of hold flooding. London : Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1998 (Paper No. 7 - Session 1997-1998) UNITED STATES COAST GUARD (USCG) et al - Bulk carriers : Inspection guidance for terminal personnel and crew. Washington, D.C. : USCG, 1995 ZAGARIA, G. – Development of new regulations regarding the design standards of hatch covers : The work of the IMO concerning the safety of bulk carriers. Thesis. University of Naples “Federico II”, Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Italy, Academic Year 2002-2003.

CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING (ABS) - Bulk carrier safety - Seminar (December 1st, 1994 : London) . London : ABS, 1994 ARIMA, T. - FSA study on bulk carrier safety. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Formal safety assessment - International Conference (18-19 September 2002). London : RINA, 2002, pp 15-30 ARMSTRONG, G. - Bulk carrier ballast system design for flow through exchange of ballast water. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 14 ASTRUGE, J-C. et al - International collaborative FSA study on bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Formal safety assessment - International Conference (18-19 September 2002). London : RINA, 2002, pp 41-56 BARBER, D. Capt. – Bulk carriers post FSA : Variations on compliance. A report from a ship inspector. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp. 1-10 BEGHIN, D. et al - Hull girder safety and reliability of bulk carriers. In: Oosterveld, M.W.C.; Tan, S.G. (Eds.)Practical design of ships and mobile units - Proceedings of the International Symposium (7th : September 1998 : The Hague). Oxford : Elsevier Science, 1998, pp 261-272 BRAIDWOOD, I.T. et al - Bulk carrier structural integrity : Predicting fatigue life with influence functions. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1

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May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 15 BRAZDIS, S. ET AL – New innovation and safety DSS bulk carrier design. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 133-142 BROOK, A.K. - Improving the safety of tankers and bulk carriers through a hull condition monitoring scheme. In: Lloyd's Register of Shipping - Tanker and bulker safety : Planning for the future - Seminar (15 January 1993 : London). London : Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1993 BRYSON, P. – Management of bulk carrier structure. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 31-56 BURTON, J.A. - Enhanced survey of oil tankers and bulk carriers. In: Lloyd's Register of Shipping Tanker and bulker safety : Planning for the future - Seminar (15 January 1993 : London). London : Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1993 BYRNE, D. / EVANS, J. - Hatch covers : Failures on laden bulk carriers in heavy weather with reference to current design practice. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 12 DAHL, T. – New rules for safer bulk carrier hatch covers : Challenges for hatch cover design. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 23-28 DECROP, P. - Safe loading and unloading on bulk carriers. In: Eule and Partners International Consulting The maritime environment : Ship/port interface - Environment and safety - International Conference and Exhibition - The Netherlands (22-24 October 2002 : Rotterdam), 2002 GARDINER, C.P. - Aspects of bulk carrier hold corrosion. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architecture (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 7 GAVIN, A.G. – Ageing bulk carriers structures : Reinforce, renew or scrap? In: Institute of Marine Engineers (IMARE), IMAS 97 Conference. Ships : The ageing process (London, 1997), pp 21-32. London, IMARE, 1998. GRATSOS, G.A. / ZACHARIADIS, P. – Life cycle cost of maintaining the effectiveness of a ship’s structure and environmental impact of ship design parameters. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 95-122 GUARIN, L. et al - Impact of URS21 on existing hatch covers of bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Formal safety assessment - International Conference (18-19 September 2002). London : RINA, 2002, pp 57-66 HARDING, S. et al - Formal safety assessment of bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Formal safety assessment - International Conference (18-19 September 2002). London : RINA, 2002, pp 1-14 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DRY CARGO SHIPOWNERS (INTERCARGO) - Bulk Carrier Casualties Seminar (10 June 1991 : Oslo ) . London : Intercargo, 1991 - Bulk Carriers Casualties and Losses Seminar - Hong Kong (15 October 1991) . London : Intercargo, 1991 - Bulk carrier safety - Intercargo Seminar (12 March 1997 : London). London : Intercargo, 1997 ISBESTER, J. - The concerns of mariners. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architecture (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 5 JANG, C.D. / YOON, G.J. - Optimum structural design of double hull bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London).

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London : RINA, 1998, Paper 17 JOHNSTON, A. / HARRISON, I. – Pros and cons of double side skin bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 123-132 KATTAN, R. – Corrosion in ballast tanks – Is rust a must? In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 169-174 KOLEV, P. ET AL – Upgrade of existing bulk carriers to meet the new requirements. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 87-94 KONISHI, H. et al - Design of corrugated bulkhead of bulk carriers against accidental flooding load. In: Oosterveld, M.W.C.; Tan, S.G. (Eds.)Practical design of ships and mobile units - Proceedings of the International Symposium (7th : September 1998 : The Hague). Oxford : Elsevier Science, 1998, pp 157-164 LLOYD'S REGISTER OF SHIPPING - Tanker and bulker safety : Planning for the future - Seminar (15 January 1993 : London) . London : Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1993 MATHIESEN, T. - Safety of new and existing bulk carriers IACS studies and conclusions . In: Royal Institution of Naval Architecture (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 3 MIN, K. - Safety of bulk carriers - IMO Code of safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers. In: Korea Maritime Dangerous Goods Inspection Center (KOMDIC) ISTGD : International Symposium on the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Sea and Inland Waterways - Proceedings (13th : 26-28 October 1998 : Seoul)KOMDIC, 1998, pp 222-245 MORTENSEN, N.B. - Bulk carrier safety : The view and role of an industry organisation. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architecture (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 1 - Bulk carrier newbuilding specification guide. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 29-30 NIEUWENHUIJS, M. – IACS common structural rules for bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 11-22 PAIK, J.K. / THAYAMBALLI, A.K. - The strength and reliability of transverse bulkheads and hull structure of bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architecture (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 9 PECKHAM, R. - Safety and efficiency at the dry bulk terminal/bulk carrier interface. In: Eule and Partners International Consulting The maritime environment : Ship/port interface - Environment and safety - International Conference and Exhibition - The Netherlands (22-24 October 2002 : Rotterdam), 2002 PLAZA, F. - IMO's work on bulk carriers - Un update In: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers. International Conference, London 30 April - 1 May 1998. London, RINA, 1998. RAINEY, R.C.T. / ATKINS, W.S. - Failure of bulk carrier bulkheads after flooding. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 11 ROBINSON, D.W. - How classification societies can respond to the operational needs of bulk carrier masters. In: Nautical Institute For operators, ship captains and those aspiring to command - The International Command Seminar (10-11 May 1995 : London). London : The Nautical Institute, 1995, pp 165-178

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ROYAL INSTITUTION OF NAVAL ARCHITECTURE (RINA) - Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London) . London : RINA, 1998 - International Conference : Formal safety assessment (18-19 September 2002 : London) . London : RINA, 2002- (ISBN : 0-903055-80-5) - Design and operation of bulk carriers. International Conference (18-19 October 2005 : London). London RINA, 2005.

(ISBN 1-905040-16-4) SANBERG, B.- Cost benefit assessment of risk control options for bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Formal safety assessment - International Conference (18-19 September 2002). London : RINA, 2002, pp 89-108 SOCIETY OF INTERNATIONAL GAS TANKER AND TERMINAL OPERATORS (SIGTTO) - A guide to contingency planning for marine terminals handling liquefied gases in bulk. 2nd ed.. London : Witherby & Co. Ltd, 2001. (ISBN : 1-85609-215-1) SPYROU, K. et al - Risk assessment of double-skin bulk carriers. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Formal safety assessment - International Conference (18-19 September 2002). London : RINA, 2002, pp 67-88 STALING, M. / KRSTANOVIC, S. - Formal safety assessment of bulk carriers under 150m. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) Formal safety assessment - International Conference (18-19 September 2002). London : RINA, 2002, pp 31-40 TORGERSEN, J.G. - Shipowner's view of Solas amendments Re.: Bulk carriers. In: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Safer ships competent crews - International Conference (24-25 October 1996 : Halifax, Nova Scotia). New York : ABS, 1997, pp 57-65 TUSTIN, R.D. - Existing bulk carrier safety : On the evaluation of corrugated watertight bulkhead and double bottom structure of existing single side skin bulk carriers with the foremost hold flooded. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architecture (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 6 WIDDOWSON, A.J. / PROCTOR, T.J. Capt. – The human element in design. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) International Conference, Design and operation of bulk carriers (London: 18-19 October 2005). London, RINA, 2005, pp 161-168 WILLIAMS, I. - Bulk carrier safety : The regulatory perspective. In: Royal Institution of Naval Architecture (RINA) Design and operation of bulk carriers - International Conference (30 April - 1 May 1998 : London). London : RINA, 1998, Paper 4

EUROPEAN UNION Common Position (EC) No 28/2001 of 28 June 2001 adopted by the Council, acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, with a view to adopting a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing harmonised requirements and procedures for the safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers (2001/C 301/03). (OJ, Vol. 44/C 301, pp 22-38, 26/10/2001) Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee on the "Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing requirements and harmonised procedures for the safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers" (2001/C 14/08). (O.J. Vol. 44/C 14, pp 37-40, 16/01/2001) Safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers (http://europa.eu.int/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l24240.htm )

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Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing requirements and harmonised procedures for the safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers. Brussels : Commission of the European Communities, 2000 (COM(2000) 179 Final) Directive 2001/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 December 2001 establishing harmonised requirements and procedures for the safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers. (OJ, L 13, pp 9-15 16/01/2002) (http://europa.eu.int/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexapi!prod!CELEXnumdoc&lg=en&numdoc=32001L0096&model=guichett)

VIDEOS Bulk carriers serving world trade. VHS/PAL Format. London, International Association of Dry Cargo Shipowners (Intercargo) Bulk carriers - Handle with care. London, London, Videotel Marine International. Keeping up standards : Ship vetting inspection for bulk carriers. Edition 3. DVD/PAL. London, Videotel Marine International, 2006 Personal safety on bulk carriers. VHS/PAL Format. London, Videotel Marine International. Cargo loss prevention on board bulk carriers. VHS/PAL Format. London, Videotel Marine International . Bulk matters. VHS/PAL Format. London, The United Kingdom Mutual Steam Ship Assurance Association (Bermuda) Ltd. (UK P & I Club). The mandatory adoption of DSS design on bulk carriers : Does it require rethinking? Video presentation. CD-ROM. Illiniko, Dynamix – Digital Marine Solutions for the Ministry of Mercantile Marine, Hellenic Republic, Greece, 2004.

USEFUL ADDRESSES American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) 45 Eisenhower Drive 1st Floor Paramus, NJ 07652 United States of America Tel.: +1 201 909 5300 Website: http://www.eagle.org International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) 6th Floor 36 Broadway London SW1H 0BH Tel.: +44 20 7976 0660 Fax.: +44 20 7808 1100 E-mail: permesec@iacs.org.uk Website: http://www.iacs.org.uk

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International Association of Dry Cargo Shipowners (Intercargo) 4 London Wall Buildings Blomfield Street London EC2M 5NT Tel.: +44 20 7638 3989 Fax.: +44 20 7638 3943 E-mail: 100672-2311@compuserve-com Website: http://www.aise.com/icargo.html International Association of Independent Tanker Owners (Intertanko) PO Box 5804 - Majorstua 0308 Oslo Norway Tel.: +47 22 440340 Fax.: +47 22 563222 Email: postmaster@intertanko.wwis.no Website: http://www.intertanko.com International Bulk Terminals Association (IBTA) “Bramwell” Birchwood Grove Road Burgess Hill West Sussex RH15 ODL United Kingdom Tel.: +44 1444 236 552 Fax.: +44 1444 239 572 Email: info@drybulkterminals.com Website: http://www.drybulkterminals.com International Chamber of Shipping (ICS) Carthusian Court 12 Carthusian Street London EC1M 6EB Tel.: +44 20 7417 8844 Fax.: +44 20 7417 8877 Website: http://www.marisec.org/ The Formal Safety Assessment of Bulk Carriers International Collaborative Bulk Carriers Study MCA Headquarters Spring Place, Commercial Road Southampton SO15 1EG United Kingdom Tel.: +44 1962 846027 Website: http://www.fsa.mcga.gov.uk International Salvage Union (ISU) PO Box 32293 London W5 1WZ United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)20 7345 5122 Fax: +44 (0)20 7345 5722 Email: isu@randell.fsnet.co.uk Website: http://www.marine-salvage.com/

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Lloyd's Register of Shipping Head Office 71 Fenchurch Street London EC3M 4BS Tel.: +44 20 7709 9166 Fax.: +44 20 7488 4796 Website: http://www.lr.org./news Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Shipping Safety Branch Bay 2/11 Srping Place 105 Commercial Ropad Southampton SO15 1EG United Kingdom Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF) 27 Queen Anne's Gate London SW1H 9BU United Kingdom Tel: +44 20 7654 1200 Fax: + 44 20 7654 1205 E-mail: ocimf@compuserve.com Website: www.ocimf.com Society of International Gas Tanker and Terminal Operators (SIGTTO) 17 St. Helen's Place London EC3A 6DE Tel.: +44 20 7628 1124 Fax.: +44 20 7628 3163 Website: http://www.sigtto.org UK P & I Club (The United Kingdom Mutual Steam Ship Assurance Association (Bermuda) Ltd 26 Creenchurch Lane London EC3A 5BA Tel.: +44 20 7283 4646 Fax.: +44 20 7283 5614 Website: http://www.ukpandi.com Videotel Marine International Ramillies House 1/2 Ramillies Street London W1V 1DF United Kingdon Tel.: +44 20 7439 6301 Fax.: +44 20 7437 0731 Website: http://www.videotel.co.uk

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ARTICLES FROM THE PRESS Articles dated earlier than 2002 are available upon request.. LEGAL PERIODICALS 'Casualties in dry bulk shipping (1963-1996)'. (In recent years, bulk carriers have been identified with high risks of catastrophic structural failure and foundering, and with heavy loss of human life. This study, based upon Lloyd's of London casualty records, identified four risk factors that had significant, independent effect upon the likelihood of a bulk carrier foundering) - MARINE POLICY, November 2002, pp 437-450 TECHNICAL/TRADE PERIODICALS 'Editorial: Fatal weakness'. (All the regulatory progress that seemed to be taking place to make bulkers rather safe last year took a hard knock in the run-up to Christmas. On Christmas Day the search was called off north of the Azores for the capesize "Christopher", lost with her crew of 27, after reporting she was flooding forward with hatchcover damage) - LLOYD'S LIST, 3 January 2002, p 5 'Bulker safety is not improving'. (Concern that the bulk carrier casualty rate is not showing any improvements was expressed at a seminar on the Bulk Carrier for the Future held at the end of last year) - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, January 2002, p 4 'Time to act on safety'. (A multilateral agreement is the way forward for any potential bulk carrier design improvements) - THE MOTOR SHIP, January 2002, pp 32-35 'All hands lost'. (The tragic loss of the capesize bulker "Christopher" and its entire crew of 27 this Christmas will add to mounting pressure on the industry's regulatory bodies to introduce another set of enhanced rules for bulk carriers) - TRADEWINDS, 4 January 2002, pp 6-7 'Call for action to save lives on bulk carriers'. (The death of 27 seafarers with the loss of the "Christopher" in the week before Christmas has prompted Lloyd's List to call for fresh vigour in efforts to improve bulk carrier safety) - LLOYD'S LIST, 7 January 2002, p 1 'Err on the side of caution for a change'. (The scandal of the "Christopher" is that exactly such an accident is thought to have caused the loss of the "Derbyshire" three years before the last ship from Hoboken was delivered ) - LLOYD'S LIST, 7 January 2002, p 7 'Nothing pressing about bulk safety?'. (Who is responsible for the sinking of the "Christopher" with the loss of its 27 crew members?) - TRADEWINDS, 11 January 2002, p 2 'In Christopher's wake'. (Special Report) - TRADEWINDS, 11 January 2002, pp 6-7 'DNV cracks down on problem ships'. (Leading Norwegian class society DNV has identified up to 68 possible substandard ships on its books, 21 of which are bulkers ) - TRADEWINDS, 11 January 2002, p 34 'Not good enough!'. (The tragic loss of the "Christopher" over the holiday period a bare three months after the fatal sinking of another capesize bulk carrier underlines the urgency with which the various parties working on the bulker safety problem need to reach a conclusion) - SEATRENDS WEB, 11 January 2002, p 3 'Measures to give inspectors better access'. (Technical provisions that will require designers to provide sufficient means of access to all parts of a ship inspection have been developed by the IACS) - LLOYD'S LIST, 16 January 2002, p 3

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'Editorial: Deserves a closer look'. (There will an unqualified welcome for the measures developed by the IACS that will require adequate access to be provided to enable all these distant and difficult structural elements of big ships to be given a closer look) - LLOYD'S LIST, 16 January 2002, p 7 'Lost: another bulker - So how was your Christmas?'. (the sinking of the bulk carrier "Christopher") - FAIRPLAY, 17 January 2002, pp 3-4 'Colman attacks IACS on bulker safety delay'. (A High Court in the UK has slammed the IACS and Lloyd's Register for lack of urgency on bulker safety rules, after the death of 27 seafarers on the "Christopher") - LLOYD'S LIST, 21 January 2002, p 1 'Letter: Class societies must get together'. (Anthony Colman, Royal Court of Justice, Strand, WC2A 2LL) - LLOYD'S LIST, 21 January 2002, p 5 'Nothing being done is the real bulk risk'. (Families of the 65 seafarers who tragically lost their lives in bulker casualties last year are unlikely to be comforted to hear that - statistically – they were incredible unlucky) - TRADEWINDS, 18 January 2002, p 2 'ABS head is calling for robust bulkers'. (American Bureau of shipping president Robert Somerville is calling for more robust ships. In the light of recent accidents, he wants bulk owners to back moves to toughen rules for bulk carrier construction) - TRADEWINDS, 18 January 2002, p 6 'IACS acts to close loophole on scantling and corrosion criteria'. (The IACS intends to land a probing counter punch on the constant critics of the pace at which it has developed improved bulker safety, by closing a key loophole in procedural requirements applied to vessel construction) - LLOYD'S LIST, 23 January 2002, p 2 'Editorial: Existing risks'. (The intervention in the Lloyd's List by Mr Justice Coman, whose impatience at action on bulk carriers following his Derbyshire report is understandable, following the recent loss of the capesize Christopher with 27 man crew just before Christmas, is significant) - LLOYD'S LIST, 23 January 2002, p 7 'Letter: We will nor let this vital safety matter rest'. (Re: Bulk carrier safety. Vernon Hince, Acting General Secretary RMT and Brian Orrel, General Secretary Numast) - LLOYD'S LIST, 28 January 2002, p 3 'Charterers fan flames with claim that system would weed out "Christopher"'. (Two major dry bulk charterers have added fuel to the debate over bulker safety by claiming their in-house vetting system would not have accepted the "Christopher") - TRADEWINDS, 25 January 2002, p 27 'Tsavliris battles bulker blaze as warship keeps watch'. (An Omani warship that tried to intervene in the salvage operation of a burning bulk carrier backed off when the salvors produced its LOF contract) - TRADEWINDS, 25 January 2002, p 42 'Raise forecastles to protect bulker bows'. (A Dutch naval architect has suggested that many large ships have insufficient freeboard at the bow and that a raised forecastle should be fitted to prevent green water landing on the forward hatches) - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 January 2002, p 1 'Editorial: Green seas'. (There appears on the face of it to be a number of worrying similarities between the awful fate that befell the Derbyshire 22 years ago and that which doomed the Christopher and her crew in the Atlantic just before Christmas) - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 January 2002, p 7 'Safety proposals would split bulkers into three categories'. (Bulk carriers could be divided into three categories according to their specification and classification society notation under a new initiative by the IACS designed to enhance bulker safety) - LLOYD'S LIST, 1 February 2002, p 3 'Bulk carrier death toll mounts as shipping industry procrastinates'. (Mr Justice Colman deems societies as too slow and cumbersome, putting more lives at risk) - LLOYD'S LIST, 4 February 2002, p 5

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'Editorial: Rough stuff'. (Britain's Maritime and Coastguard Agency has issued an important Marine Guidance Note specifically outlining the obligations and responsibilities placed on those who operate solid bulk cargo terminals) - LLOYD'S LIST, 4 February 2002, p 7 'Editorial: Double hulls for bulkers may be best for safety'. (The UK Maritime Coast Guard's and two-an-a-half year formal safety assessment of bulkers safety offers the best chance the industry has to address a problem that has cost hundreds of lives) - TRADEWINDS, 1 February 2002, p 2 'Bulker safety study backs double hulls'. (A mandatory double hull for bulk carriers newbuildings and a host of measures aimed at prevention bulk losses are under serious consideration in the wake of the most comprehensive and revealing study into bulker safety eve made. The MCA, which is coordinating the survey, says it has covered every possible cause of bulker fatalities and is pushing for a comprehensive package of reforms) - TRADEWINDS, 1 February 2002, p 9 '"Derbyshire" relatives see fruit of fight'. (The determination of the grieving families of 42 seafarers lost on board the "Derbyshire" to find out the cause of the tragedy could at long last see more concrete results, more than 20 years after the accident) – TRADEWINDS, 1 February 2002, p 9 'IACS answers Colman blast on bulker safety progress'. (High court judge Mr Justice Colmam's call for the IACS to get its act together on hatch cover safety has provoked a detailed defence from the international body. Writing in today's Lloyd's List IACS permanent secretary Robin Bradley said he recognised Mr Justice Colman's impatience" but said "it is also important to appreciate the extensive ISCS work now in progress to improve bulk carrier safety") - LLOYD'S LIST, 7 February 2002, p 1 'Letter: Colman's strong words valued by IACS as spur to global bulker action'. (Robin m Bradley, Permanent Secretary, IACS) - LLOYD'S LIST, 7 February 2002, p 5 ‘MCA urges care on bulker loading’. (The UK Maritime and Coastguard Agency has published a Marine Guidance Note in order to draw attention to the need for care when loading and discharging ships at solid bulk cargo terminals) – LLOYD’S LIST, 8 February 2002, p 6 ‘Industry bodies call for stronger bulkers’. (The Hong Kong Shipowners’ Association is set to call for immediate action to strengthen existing bulk carriers in an effort to stop seafarer fatalities) – TRADEWINDS, 8 February 2002, p 13 'Conferences: Design and Operation of Bulk Carriers post mv Derbyshire'. (The purpose of this Royal Institution of Naval Architects' conference held in October 2001 was to spread the knowledge gained from the model test programme recommended by the Derbyshire inquiry, to consider its implications and to establish its likely consequence for bulk carrier design, operation and regulation)- SEAWAYS, February 2002, p 26 'Side frame failure blamed in recent bulk carrier loss'. (The Hong Kong Shipowners's association has sounded an urgent warning for owners and ship managers to strengthen the side frames of bulk carriers. This follows fears that the failure of the side frames, which causes side shells to detach and cargo holds to subsequently flood, may have bee a contributing factor in several recent losses (the "Triumph Kaoshsiung" and the "Christopher")) - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 June 2002, p 3 'Class looks past hatch cover for bulk losses'. (Leading class societies are to review the strength of side frames and plating in bulk carriers as evidence grows that these areas are major contributory factors in sinking over the past decade)- TRADEWINDS, 15 February 2002, p 6 'And still the bulk carriers sink...'. (Paul Lambert, chairman of the MV Derbyshire Family Association, makes a personal plea for the classification societies to get their act together - and act now)- LLOYD'S LIST, 25 February 2002, p 5 'Safety official hits out at hold rinsing habits'. (A South African safety official has condemned the practice of cleaning bulker holds with large amounts of seawater, saying it contributes to weakening hulls)- TRADEWINDS, 22 February 2002, p 9

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'Bulker rout after Cyprus flag tests'. (An elderly panamax bulk carrier that was deemed a risk to her crew has been scrapped as a result of the Cypriot maritime administration's first longitudinal strength test, which got under way last year)- LLOYD'S LIST, 26 February 2002, p 1 'Progressing harmonised class standards for bulkers'. (In April, the IACS steering committee on bulk carriers safety will meet in Tokyo, Japan, to further progress draft unified requirements for harmonised notations and associated standard loading conditions. Common notations will, it is hoped, make it easier for owners and charters to make clear the loading capabilities of their ships)- THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, February 2002, p 83 'Editorial: Grandfather's footsteps'. (The Cyprus administration is coming to its own conclusions about the continuing safety of certain existing ships and requiring what amounts to enhanced structural inspections of these vessels. While one can only admire Cyprus for this tough stance, it is a unilateral approach that may prove premature if IACS and IMO, along with the industry, decide on completely different criteria)- LLOYD'S LIST, 28 February 2002, p 7 '"Christopher" loss exposes class failings'. (A High Court judge blames weaknesses in classification societies' regulatory procedures for the sinking of the bulk carrier)- LLOYD'S SHIP MANAGER, March 2002, pp 16-17 'Japanese owners find ESP wanting'. (Powerful association calls for further research into corrosion)- LLOYD'S LIST, 15 March 2002, p 1 'IACS announce new dry bulker safety rules'. (The IACS has surprised shipowners by announcing a new and detailed set of requirements for dry bulkers that IACS chairman Igor Ponomarev claimed had been formulated to "address continued public and industry concerns over bulk carrier safety following recent losses)- LLOYD'S LIST, 18 March 2002, p 1 'Industry backlash over snub by class'. (Shipping interests expressed astonishment at the decision by the IACS to go public on new bulker regulations on Friday)- LLOYD'S LIST, 18 March 2002, p 1 'IACS’s mans a united front on bulkers'. (Michael Grey looks at IACS's bulker safety initiative and commends the association for presenting an united front on the matter)- LLOYD'S LIST, 18 March 2002, p 7 'Yet another case of holes in the bulker safety net'. (The discovery of severe structural faults in the hull of the Transmed-managed bulker "Nasia" in Rotterdam will raise the alarm bells on bulker safety once again)- TRADEWINDS, 15 March 2002, p 2 'Spanish bulker pulled off sand bar and safely refloated'. (A Spanish-owned bulker, "Faro 1", that ran aground on a sand bar off Miami after losing propulsion has been safely refloated and towed to the Miami River)- TRADEWINDS, 15 March 2002, p 43 'Editorial: timing and tactics'. (Everyone is tremendously keen to see something done about the shameful issue of sinking bulk carriers; it is just nobody can agree about the best way to do it. Last week's initiative by the class societies, which showed them looking decisive and united for once, was criticised by Intercargo, which has been co-ordinating industry action)- LLOYD'S LIST, 19 March 2002, p 7 'O'Neil to rap IACS over safety snub'. (IMO boss brands class "discourteous" over bulk carrier initiative)- LLOYD'S LIST, 20 March 2002, p 1 'Letter: Grey gets it right on bulker safety'. (Frank J Iarossi, Chairman and CEO ABS)- LLOYD'S LIST, 20 March 2002, p 5 'Letter: IACS speaks with forked tongue on bulker rules'. (Dr Nikos Mikelis)- LLOYD'S LIST, 21 March 2002, p 5 'IACS moves on bulker safety'. (IACS is to expedite improvements to bulk carrier safety by introducing a series of eight measures, with the first three being implemented on January 1, 2003)- FAIRPLAY, 21 March 2002, p 15 'Swedish Club's river warning'. (The recent grounding of two bulk carriers in Venezuela's Orinoco river highlights the need for special precautions when vessels navigate rivers in the fully laden condition, the Swedish Club has warned)- FAIRPLAY, 21 March 2002, p 33

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'Chorus of approval on bulker safety'. (A resounding three-part harmony rang out on bulker safety following Friday's informal meeting between the IMO, IACS and Intercargo, on a day when events in IMO session amplified the way procedure and protocol can affect seafarer safety directly)- LLOYD'S LIST, 25 March 2002, p 3 'Cool response to Japanese effort to tone down safety measures'. (An apparent attempt to tone down on the key measures designed to promote safer tanker and bulker construction at the IMO on cost grounds looks to have been headed off at last week's 46th Sub-committee on Ship Design and Equipment)- LLOYD'S LIST, 26 March 2002, p 5 'Letter: Speedy and positive safety action vital'. (C R Kelso, 5 Bursledon Heights, Bursledon, Hants)- LLOYD'S LIST, 26 March 2002, p 6 'New thinking on bulker design'. (Owners' organisation Intercargo is hoping to promote the design of an optimum bulk carrier which could provide the basis for new thinking in the development of this class of ship)- LLOYD'S LIST, 28 March 2002, p 5 'Editorial: Back to basics on bulkers'. (There might be some small cynicism in maritime circles about the attempt by Intercargo to develop what chairman Frederick Tsao describes as "benchmark" bulk carrier)- LLOYD'S LIST, 28 March 2002, p 7 'No excuses for slow bulker progress'. (Just over 10 years ago William O'Neil caused eyebrows to be raised at IMO when he personally intervened on the issue of bulk carrier sinkings. But recent losses, including the Christopher, have steeled his resolve)- LLOYD'S LIST, 5 April 2002, p 7 'Letter: Why no report on bulker stress tests?'. (P M Budgen, Partner, Hardwick Stallards, Solicitors, Jewry St, London, EC3N 2ER)- LLOYD'S LIST, 9 April 2002, p 5 'Bulker rules upset owners - Mystery of ordering spree solved'. (Ship owners it seems are more than a little upset over IACS's go-it-alone decision to bring in new measures aimed at improving bulk carrier safety, despite their own calls for more robust ships)- FAIRPLAY, 4 April 2002, pp 3-4 'Bocimar backs controversial IACS bulker regulations'. (Leading operator Bocimar has given its full backing to controversial new regulations for improving bulker safety)- TRADEWINDS, 22 March 2002, p 6 'Maverick measures on safety mar unity'. (Measures proposed by IACS to make bulk carriers safer have been met with a loud chorus of criticism from other industry bodies)- TRADEWINDS, 28 March 2002, p 12 'Initiatives on bulker safety'. (The major shipowner associations, class societies and regulatory bodies are all working toward improving bulker safety. But some say the welter of initiatives - sometimes conflicting - is hampering progress)- TRADEWINDS, 28 March 2002, p13 'Buns are flying in bulker safety'. (The extraordinary bun fight taking place between owners, governments and class societies over bulk carrier safety is a frightening insight into how the confidence between all parties reached rock bottom)- TRADEWINDS, 12 April 2002, p 2 'IACS ploughs own furrow on bulker safety'. (Last week IACS announced a series of new requirements for existing bulk carriers leading with earlier implementation of Solas Chapter XII requirements for bulkheads and double bottom strengthening)- SEATRENDS WEB, 22 March 2002, p 1 'IACS to accelerate unified standards for scantlings'. (The development of new class requirements for more robust newbuildings is to be accelerated by the IACS. One objective is to review existing standards in the light of recent developments, and to prepare new and improved unified scantling standards for bulk carriers and oil tankers)- LLOYD'S SHIP MANAGER, April 2002, p 8 'Global work programme'. (The introduction last month by the IACS of a series of measures concerned with the safety of existing bulk carriers is only one of a series of significant new initiatives concerned with ship safety to be taken this year)- SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, April 2002, pp 62-63

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'IACS to improve bulk carrier safety' - SAFETY AT SEA, April 2002, p 10 'IMO urges unity'. (IMO's leader William O'Neil has urged the industry to remain united in the drive to improve bulk carrier safety)- TELEGRAPH, April 2002, p 'Intercargo calls for firm action on bulker losses'. (A report looking at the past 10 years of bulk carrier casualties have criticised the lack of public information on these accidents, which it suggests prevents the discovery of reasons for their occurrence. The number of lives lost in 2001, Intercargo reports, was higher than the average number of 62 over the past 10 years)- LLOYD'S LIST, 26 April 2002, p 5 'Editorial: Need to know'. (The lack of public information on casualties points out Intercargo in its latest report on bulk carrier casualties, continues to be a serious barrier to the understanding of why they occur)- LLOYD'S LIST, 26 April 2002, p 7 'IACS hatches bulker safety plan - Owners count the cost of safety'. (When IACS announced details of its latest initiative on bulk carrier safety in the middle of last month, it was taken aback by the howls of protest that followed from the various organisations of ship owners and operators. The top class societies' club was particularly surprised since all sectors in a rare display of unity had, at least until then, been making encouraging noises about improving strength and design)- FAIRPLAY, 25 April 2002, pp 16-19 'The eight IACS commandments' - FAIRPLAY, 25 April 2002, p 19 'The right direction'. (Intercargo's bulk carrier safety report on 2001 records four total losses of bulkers over 10,000 dwt, three of which sank in deep water, and the loss of 64 lives. Two of the vessels went down with all hands)- SEATRENDS WEB, 26 April 2002, p 3 'One out of ten - Corrosion, chaos and antique charts'. (Bulk carrier safety: everyone is talking about and finally doing something to improve. But that is only true if the ship in question fits neatly in to the very narrow description, drawn up back in the early days of the ISM, of what constitutes a bulk carrier)- FAIRPLAY, 2 May 2002, p 6 'IMO panel tackles bulker safety'. (An informal meeting to consider bulk carrier safety issues has agreed that the approach being taken by the IMO is the right one at this juncture, but that more work needs to be done to prevent continuing losses)- LLOYD'S SHIP MANAGER, May 2002, p 53 'O-J Libaek unveils new bulk carrier design'. (O-J Libaek & partners, project development engineers associated to the Oslo shipbrokers of the same name have developed a design for a double hulled bulk carrier of an open hatched configuration with a centred line bulkhead)- LLOYD'S LIST, 13 May 2002, p 5 'Unusual progressive collapse characteristics of bulk carrier structures'. (Jeom Kee Paik discusses a subject of great interest, in light of ongoing proposals for improved bulk carrier safety)- THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, May 2002, pp 37-38 'Bimco Spring Meeting: A broad church with a global view'. (A year into his Bimco presidency and on the eve of next week's Spring Meeting, Michael Everard reviews progress with Michael Grey) - LLOYD'S LIST, 16 May 2002, p 14 'New design counters bulker flaws'. (After almost fifty years of variations on the conventional bulk carrier design introduced in the 1950s, there is now an alternative design which claims to address the weaknesses of conventional bulk carriers, to be more robust and to reduce the risks associated with structural failure, as well as offering operational savings via designs improvements) – SEATRENDS WEB, 17 May 2002, p 2 'Double vision for a new capesize design'. (Real progress is being made at IMO and by class in applying the relative new science of risk management and formal safety assessment to bulk carrier design) - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 May 2002, p 7 'Vessel transparency is a question of design'. (At last the IMO has recognised what every surveyor worth his salt has been saying for years - that it is almost impossible to look at the internal spaces of a large ship in the time allowed. The lack of detailed requirements is preventing the regulation from being fully implemented, claims the IMO) - TRADEWINDS, 17 May 2002, p 2

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'Fresh fears for bulkers'. (ClassNK has called for "additional inspection" to be carried out on capesize bulkers between 10 and 15 years old during enhanced special survey following the tragic loss of the "Kamikawa Maru" last year) - TRADEWINDS, 17 May 2002, p 3 'Top owners sued in sinking dispute'. (Many top Greek shipowners could find themselves in court as a result of a long-running dispute over the Hellenic Mutual War Risk association's rejection of a claim for the loss of a bulk carrier, " Demetra Beauty", allegedly sunk by a mine in 1991) - TRADEWINDS, 24 May 2002, p 8 'Double-hull bulker idea hits resistance'. (A proposal to introduce mandatory double hulls for bulk carriers along the lines of tankers took a battering at the IMO this week. A formal safety assessment submitted by Japan and South Korea into the double hull issue is said to be "inconclusive" and prompted a heated debate) - TRADEWINDS, 24 May 2002, p 13 'Tanker Safety'. (Special Report) - LLOYD'S LIST , 27 May 2002, pp 16-18 'Flags unite to find cause of capesize loss'. (The UK and Cyprus maritime authorities are working on an ambitious international project to locate and survey the wreckage of the stricken capsize "Christopher") - TRADEWINDS, 31 May 2002, p 4 'IACS in united front on bulker safety'. (Leading class societies are poised to introduce common new ratings that will more clearly define the cargo loading capabilities and safe operating limits for new bulk carriers of different designs and strengths) - LLOYD'S LIST, 7 June 2002, p II 'Editorial: Greek dig in on bulker safety'. (Last week's intervention by the Union of Greek Shipowners on the bulk carrier safety issue might be thought typical. As others were queuing up to deplore the incidence of bulk carrier casualties and the vulnerabilities of present designs for this class of vessels, the Greek owners' body has urged people to leave designs well alone) - LLOYD'S LIST, 10 June 2002, p 7 'Greek owners under attack on double hulls'. (The Union of Greek Shipowners, which last week attacked proposals for requiring bulkers to be fitted with double hulls, has been accused of using "misleading" comparisons with double hull tankers as they sought to discredit the design proposals) - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 June 2002, p 3 'The case for double hull bulk carriers'. (Greek shipowners body is wrong to make comparisons with recently introduced rules for tankers, write Dennis Barber and David Wright in a letter to Lloyd's List) - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 June 2002, p 6 'Time for owners to support bulk safety'. (Owners are intelligent people who know that perception is at least as important as reality these days. So why do they continue to behave as if the avoidance of accidents to bulk carriers is just a matter of clever ship operation and an occasional lick of paint?) - LLOYD'S LIST, 17 June 2002, p 7 'Letter: Fresh fears for bulkers'. (Teruo Akahori, Managing Director Class NK) - TRADEWINDS, 14 June 2002, p 2 'No news is good news'. (Not a great deal happened on bulk carrier safety at last week's meeting of the IMO's MSC. For the industry that was a good thing) - SEATRENDS WEB, 31 May 2002, p 3 'Battle is on in the bulk carrier safety arena'. (Both the Union of Greek Shipowners and the Greek Shipping Co-operation, representing the London Greeks, have raised strong reservations about the general direction of the bulk carrier safety efforts, as well as the specifics, as it becomes clearer what outcome is likely to be within IACS and within the IMO) - SEATRENDS WEB, 14 June 2002, pp 1-2 'Swift sends societies' ideas to top of the class'. (Peter Swift, managing director of Intertanko, has given a warm welcome to recent initiatives by class societies to develop tougher unified requirements for vessels) - LLOYD'S LIST , 18 June 2002, p 16 'Tank tests highlight green water pressure on bulker hatches'. (The tank experiments on the effect of boarding green seas on the hatches of bulk carriers have shown that forward hatch coamings and forecastle structures can come under heavy loading as water comes aboard. The model tests undertaken at the Maritime Research Institute

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Netherlands (MARIN) were summarised in London by the chief hydrodynamicist of Lloyd's Register, Dr Xing Zheng) - LLOYD'S LIST, 3 July 2002, p 3 'Capesize cover rules "inadequate"'. (Four of every five Capesize bulkers will need their forward hatches replaced or strengthened according to new proposals being discussed by IACS, it has been revealed) - FAIRPLAY, 4 July 2002, p 14 'Market Forecast'. (Special Report) - FAIRPLAY, 4 July 2002, pp 31-45 'IACS nears new unified requirements'. (The 10 members of the IACS are progressing technical programmes that, it is said, will lead to more uniform scantling requirements) - SAFETY AT SEA, July 2002, pp 18-19 'Big class frowns at dual-hull bulk rule'. (An IACS joint working group has recently completed a study comparing single-hull tankers built under Solas XII against double hull designs. The report concludes that the safety and operational merits of the double-hull design are significant but do not justify its mandatory introduction by the IMO) - TRADEWINDS, 2 August 2002, p 9 'Owners go ahead ordering twin skins'. (Regulators are still considering whether to make double skins a requirement for bulk carrier newbuildings but more shipowners are thinking seriously about ordering such tonnage voluntarily) - TRADEWINDS, 2 August 2002, p 9 'MSC - 75th session' - BIMCO BULLETIN, June 2002, pp 16-18 'A new concept for a Capesize - Optimum 2002 Capesize - a radical departure from the conventional configured large bulk carrier' - BIMCO BULLETIN, June 2002, pp 28-29 'Ultimate strength analysis of bulk carrier corrugated bulkheads' - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, July/August 2002, pp 51-53 'Bulker grounds near Great Barrier Reef; damage thought minimal'. (The Doric Chariot, with 62,000 tonnes of coal, 375 tonnes of fuel oil and 37 tonnes of diesel oil ran aground on a sandbar early on the morning of 29 July 2002 on the southern end of Piper Reef, 600 km north of Cairns) - OIL SPILL INTELLIGENCE REPORT, 1 August 2002, pp 2-3 'Designing better bulkers'. (Bulk carrier designs remain under scrutiny in the wake of continuing casualties) - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, July/August 2002, pp 47-50 'Satisfying the demand'. (New initiatives from IACS should enhance the leadership role of class in relation to vessel strength) - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, July/August 2002, p 83 'Comment: Bulk sector needs to up safety standards'. (Incidents involving bulk carriers are becoming less frequent but more stringent safety measures need to be put in place to satisfy the demands of the IMO) - LLOYD'S SHIP MANAGER, July/August 2002, p 3 'Do IACS bulker safety proposals go far enough?'. (The IACS has put forward a series of proposals aimed at curbing the continuing loss of bulk carriers) - LLOYD'S SHIP MANAGER, July/August 2002, pp 12-13 'O'Neil urges unified action on bulk carrier safety' - IMO NEWS, Issue 2, 2002, p 8 'Bulk carrier safety - proposal to fit water ingress alarms agreed in principle'. (Sub-committee on Ship Design and Equipment, 45th Session, 18-22 March 2002) - IMO NEWS, Issue 2, 2002, pp 20-23 'Maritime security, bulk carriers and large passenger ships under spotlight at IMO safety meeting'. (Marine Safety Committee, 75th Session, 15-24 May 2002) - IMO NEWS, Issue 2, 2002, pp 29-34 'MSC acts on safety'. (The MSC of IMO, at its 75th session in May, covered a number of areas concerning bulk carrier safety) - SAFETY AT SEA, August 2002, p 24

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'BV (Bureau Veritas) looks to FSA (Formal Safety Assessment)'. (Identifying the cause and effect of catastrophic failure can go a long way to making sure it doesn't happen again, according to an extensive study of bulk carrier safety) - THE MOTOR SHIP, September 2002, pp 26-28 'Are double hulls the answer?'. (The various groups that have been established to debate the IACS recommendations on bulk carrier safety have expressed concerns as to whether double hulls are the best route to take) - LLOYD'S SHIP MANAGER, September 2002, pp 12-13 'Double-hull bulkers'. (A new double-hulled bulk carrier design, the "Optimum 2000" design produced by Norway's O-J Libaek & Partners, has re-ignited controversy over the whole concept) - SEATRADE, July/August 2002, p 80 'Intercargo urges team effort on bulker safety'. (The association's latest review call for co-ordination when implementing safety changes) - LLOYD'S LIST, 1 October 2002, p 6 'Intercargo pushes "bulker benchmark"'. (Intercargo chairman Frederick Tsao is working with Chinese shipyards to produce an optimum design for bulk carriers that will provide a "benchmark" for quality in the industry) - TRADEWINDS, 4 October 2002, p 12 'Shipping in the Round'. (Quality, safety and responsibility are the key themes preoccupying the bulk carrier scene, judging by a recent question and answer session between Intercargo chairman Frederik Tsao and a team of shipping journalists. He is right behind the so-called Round Table, which brings together Intercargo, Intertanko, Bimco and the ICS in a bid to generate enough muscle to row against the tide) - SEATRENDS WEB, 4 October 2002, pp 4-5 'Bulk carriers - Bulkheads and survivability' - SEAWAYS, October 2002 , pp 10-12 'New bulk carrier guidelines from ClassNK'. (The Japanese class society ClassNK has published new technical guidelines on bulk carriers structures, covering direct calculation, fatigue strength evaluation and ultimate longitudinal strength assessment guidelines to realise transparency, rationality and consistency in all these processes in each design stage from load estimation to final strength evaluation) - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, October 2002, p 5 'ClassNK publishes its new Guidelines on Bulk Carriers Structures' - NAUTICAL MAGAZINE, October 2002, pp 263-264 'Double hulls on bulkers may be a big cost-cutter'. (The concept of double-hull bulk carriers is winning support from owners even though a mandatory regulation is still at the discussion stage. Supporters of the concept claim that on top of the safety benefits, the new design will give owners savings of up to half a million dollars a year) - TRADEWINDS, 11 October 2002, p 12 '"Cape Kestrel" lifeboat accident'. (The Australian Transport Safety Bureau has just published a report into the lifeboat accident aboard a 161,475 tonne dw bulk carrier last year) - SAFETY AT SEA, October 2002, p 25 'Bulker refloated at Bluff'. (The stranded bulker "Tai Ping" was pulled off rocks in Bluff Harbour, New Zealand on October 17 after a week of disagreements about salvage plans between New Zealand's Maritime Safety Authority and Hong Kong owner's representative Fenwick Shipping services. The salvage by four tugs came nine days after the bulker ran aground) - FAIRPLAY, 24 October 2002, p 11 'Bulk carriers: bulkheads and survivability'. (Without a holistic approach, bulk carrier failures and losses will continue, Captain Dennis Barber, principal consultant with Marine & Risk Consultants, alleges, especially in the high-tensile-steel hulls that have dominated since the mid-1980s) - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, October 2002, pp 9-12 'Greek owners bid to delay IACS plan'. (Greek shipping's premier think-tank is urging IACS to postpone its eight-point plan to improve bulk carrier safety) - LLOYD'S LIST, 29 October 2002, p 6 'US Customs grants bulkers exemption from Final Rule'. (Bulk carriers have been exempted from the Final Rule published by US Customs obliging merchant ships coming to the US to file their cargo manifests 24 hours before loading the cargo onboard) - LLOYD'S LIST, 1 November 2002, p 3

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'Editorial: Two hulls good?'. (In a month's time, the IMO MSC will start to work its way through an awesome agenda and the issue of bulk carrier safety will be high on this list of important items. Earlier this week, D Hand Payer of Germanischer Lloyd, in putting the case for more robust ships, suggested that there were many virtues in considering a double-hulled configuration) - LLOYD'S LIST, 6 November 2002, p 7 'Doubling up proves of benefit beyond safety'. (More operators are warming to the operational advantages of double skins on larger bulkers as experience shows good charter demand) - THE MOTOR SHIP, November 2002, pp 19-21 'Double hulls - the way forward for bulkers?'. (Two new designs of bulk carrier are intended to be future proof) - THE MOTOR SHIP, November 2002, pp 22-24 'Quarterpoints: Like the Delphic Oracle, formal safety assessment is no panacea' - LLOYD'S LIST, 12 November 2002, p 6 'Bulker safety call'. (Owners' association calls for "chain of responsibility to improve accountability in shipping) - TELEGRAPH, November 2002, p 12 'Maritime safety: To be or no to be proactive'. (The main thesis of this paper is that there is some way to achieve a truly proactive maritime safety regime, and there even seems to be recent progress towards this end) - WMU JOURNAL OF MARITIME AFFAIRS, October 2002, pp 3-16 'Japan rejects IMO bulker moves'. (Japanese owners have firmly rejected the IMO's proposed introduction of double-hull bulkers and IACS' retrofit hatch cover strengthening measures as unnecessary) - FAIRPLAY, 14 November 2002, p 7 'Class taking softer line on hatch covers'. (Class societies are set to water down proposals to strengthen bulk hatch covers. The softer line comes after consultation with shipowners) - TRADEWINDS, 15 November 2002, p 23 'Editorial: Licensing the drivers'. (Should reefer officers, who have it in their power to wipe out a whole cargo with an inadvertent temperature setting, be required to do special training? Should not the special vulnerabilities of ro-ro ships or car and truck carriers demand license endorsement? Or should the basic elements of cargo care and carriage, stability and ship construction taught in all the professional certificates suffice?. The issue has arisen and will be debated next week at the IMO MSC in connection with the sort of training given to those handling dry bulk carriers) - LLOYD'S LIST, 28 November 2002, p 7 'Tokyo scorns IMO double-hull plans'. (Megumi Masuda, MD of the Japanese Shipowners Association, has fired an early shot in the war of words that now appears inevitable about bulk carrier safety measures proposed by IACS and the IMO) - FAIRPLAY, 28 November 2002, p 27 'Bulkers take centre stage in IMO debate'. (A whole raft of new proposals to improve the safety of bulk carriers will take centre stage on Monday as the Maritime Safety Committee of the IMO meets for two crucial weeks for the international shipping community) - LLOYD'S LIST, 29 November 2002, p 1 'Tough choices on bulker safety' - LLOYD'S LIST, 2 December 2002, p 7 'DNV seeks to keep concrete sandwich on bulker safety menu'. (Plans to develop new international rules enforcing double hulls on the dry bulker sector should not exclude the possibility that new technology could offer even greater levels of ship safety, IMO delegates heard last night) - LLOYD'S LIST, 3 December 2002, p 1 'Will IMO action plan put and end to this?'. (Bulk carrier safety has become a major test of the IMO's resolve to act more rationally in the interests of a fairer cost distribution) - LLOYD'S LIST, 3 December 2002, p 7 'Editorial: Sinking ships with politics'. (Nobody can say that the issue of bulk carrier sinkings has not been taken seriously. Since the IMO secretary general intervened personally to urge concerted action to make this numerous class of ship safer, an enormous amount of work has been done. And now, hopefully, we will see something of a payoff with some practical ideas, which will make both new and existing ships less likely to take their crews to the bottom in the event that the water gets in) - LLOYD'S LIST, 3 December 2002, p 7

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'Editorial: IMO has chance to pull bulker safety off back burner'. (European politicians' post-Prestige rage against tankers looks to be leading to quick decisive action against substandard shipping. Sadly there has never been the same urgency following bulker accidents. Bulker casualties may not pollute beaches buy they have killed 700 seafarers since 1991) - TRADEWINDS, 28 November 2002, p 2 'Billions for safety in UK bulker plan'. (A controversial raft of new proposals from the UK Maritime and Coast Guard Agency to strengthen bulk carriers will cost the industry billions, the International Chamber of Shipping is warning) - TRADEWINDS, 28 November 2002, p 50 'IACS firmly behind bulk carrier safety'. (The IACS is to press ahead with a number of its unified requirements designed to enhance the safety of bulk carriers. Of the eight points included in the initial IACS package of measures, three are now being implemented) - LLOYD'S LIST, 4 December 2002, p 3 'DNV adds bite to its sandwich hull concept'. (The DNV division has been working on a two-year study to launch a new bulker construction method that exploits the claims made for steel plates sandwiching bonded to lightweight concrete) - LLOYD'S LIST, 10 December 2002, p 5 'Japan loses out in bid to trim bulker safety regulations'. (AN 11th hour intervention by Japan's delegation to the IMO opposing one section of proposed new regulations on bulker safety was crushed at yesterday's meeting of the Maritime Safety Committee. While supporting the swathe of new bulker measures, based on a formal safety assessment prepared by the UK, Japan lodged formal opposition over new rules demanding permanent access points for inspectors at key points of bulker structures, a measure transposed from existing tanker rules) - LLOYD'S LIST, 13 December 2002, p 1 'Evaluation de la sécurité des vraquiers'. (La Maritime Coastguard Agency estime que depuis 1978 quelques 500 vraquiers on été perdus dans le monde en entraînant la mort de 2000 personnes) - JOURNAL DE LA MARINE MARCHANDE, 13 December 2002, p 23 'Editorial: Double-hull ruling causes surprise'. (There has been plenty guesswork as to why the IMO's bulk carrier safety working group voted in favour of double hull requirement for newbuildings) - TRADEWINDS, 13 December 2002, p 2 'Bulk's day dawns for double hulls'. (Bulkers built after 2004 will have to be fitted with double hulls after the IMO adopted a package of safety measures this week. It will apply to bulk carriers over 150 metres in length) - TRADEWINDS, 13 December 2002, p 3 'Tight schedule reflects urgency attached to bulk carrier measures'. (The very tight, two-year schedule for additional work to be done by the IMO on bulk carrier safety reflects the urgency attached to all agreed regulatory recommendations for both existing and new ships) - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 December 2002, p 3 'Editorial: Future perfect, present uncertain'. (Despite the numerous distractions from the contemporary world of shipping and international law, the IMO stuck manfully to its last, last week. Substantial progress was made on the important issue of bulk carrier safety, while sufficient was clearly accomplished at the diplomatic conference on maritime security to leave the US delegation satisfied that the world was taking terrorism sufficiently seriously) - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 December 2002, p 7 'IMO cargo plan to hit ageing bulkers'. (Owners of bulk carriers over 15 years old could see asset values tumble if the IMO goes ahead with plans to ban such vessels from carrying high-density cargoes) - TRADEWINDS, 20 December 2002, p 23 'Alarm deadline alarms Bimco'. (The early phase-in programme for water-ingress alarms on bulk carriers is potentially dangerous, warns the Baltic and International Maritime Council (Bimco)) - TRADEWINDS, 20 December 2002, p 35 'IACS eases bulker rules'. (Some revisions to the controversial eight measures for bulk carriers announced by IACS in March this year have been made and not all of the measures will now come into force as originally intended. No changes have been made to the requirement to reinforce the corrugated transverse bulkhead between No.1 and No.2 cargo holds and the double bottom of No.1 cargo hold or the application of enhanced survey programmes for ships of 10-15 years) - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, January 2003, p 4

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'New rules for bulk carriers'. (Last month's IMO Maritime Safety Committee meeting made some important decisions that will affect both future and existing bulk carrier designs) - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, January 2003, p 12 'Market Forecast'. (Special Report) - FAIRPLAY, 2 January 2003, pp 14-50 'Ambitious targets set for bulkers'. (Bulk carrier casualties rarely receive the attention given to incidents involving tankers, but the stark fact remain that over 500 ship casualties resulting in the loss of 2,000 lives have occurred since 1978. Following years of research into the subject, the IMO's MSC finally adopted a range of new measures on December 13 that promise to save the lives of hundred of seafarers) - FAIRPLAY, 2 January 2003, p 53 'Portugal open arms to stricken bulker'. (An elderly bulk carrier, "Nestor C", has been allowed a port of refuge after running into trouble off Portugal) - TRADEWINDS, 3 January 2003, p 34 'Tankers good; bulkers bad'. (Operators of sub-standard tanker tonnage can run, but they won't be able to hide their vessels from rigorous scrutiny in Australian ports, the CEO of the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) has warned. However it appears that bulkers are the real menace) - FAIRPLAY, 9 January 2003, p 29 'IACS eases bulker rules'. (Some revisions to the controversial eight measures for bulk carriers announced by IACS in March this year have been made and not all of the measures will now come into force as originally intended. No changes have been made to the requirement to reinforce the corrugated transverse bulkhead between No.1 and No.2 cargo holds and the double bottom of No.1 cargo hold or the application of enhanced survey programmes for ships of 10-15 years) - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, January 2003, p 4 'New rules for bulk carriers'. (Last month's IMO Maritime Safety Committee meeting made some important decisions that will affect both future and existing bulk carrier designs) - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, January 2003, p 12 'Evaluation de la sécurité des vraquiers'. (La Maritime & Coastguard Agency estime que depuis 1978 quelques 500 vraquiers on été perdus dans le monde en entraînant la mort de 2000 personnes) - JOURNAL DE LA MARINE MARCHANDE, 13 December 2002, p 23 'Surge in enquiries for double-hull bulk carriers'. (Enquiries are coming in for what would be the first double-hull bulkers in response to the International Maritime Organisation (IMO)´s moves to tighten up bulk-carrier safety. But shipyards are keener to fill scant remaining berth space with higher-value tanker orders.) - TRADEWINDS, 17 January 2003, p 4 'Costing the safety of bulk carriers'. (Potential costs of measures to improve safety revealed as IMO debates options) - SAFETY AT SEA, January 2003, pp 18-19 'Double sides and raised bow in '07'. (The IMO has agreed in principle to mandate for double-sided bulk carriers with new requirements for bow height and forward buoyancy as of 2007) - THE MOTOR SHIP, February 2003, pp 22-23 'IACS: mesures de sécurité des vraquiers' - JOURNAL DE LA MARINE MARCHANDE, 31 January 2003, p 18 'IMO tones down IACS bulker rules' - FAIRPLAY, 20 February 2003, p 18 'Float-free accommodation modules - a radical solution to bulker safety'. (Former master mariner and marine superintendent Capt Dennis Barber, considers current lifeboat design and operation to be inadequate, particularly for the unique operating conditions of bulk carriers. IMO's new recommendations for float-free freefall lifeboats go some way to addressing the problems but he suggests instead that the industry should switch to float-free accommodation modules (FOAMs)) - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, February 2003, pp 54-56 'Fracture in ship structures - life after initiation?'. (Guy Gibbons, following his article on fatigue in the January issue, continues with a discussion of ship fractures that initiate at a stress concentration or other defect. In particular, he examines fractures from fatigue-induced cracks) - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, February 2003, pp 59-62 'Multraship averts disaster on Scheldt'. (Following the grounding, salvage tugs from Multraship and URS Salvage Maritime Contracting, on constant standby in the Scheldt, proceeded immediately to the location, which was in the vicinity of buoy 49. In the meantime, Multraship dispatched a salvage team using Multraship's rescue and

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communication vessel Patrol. After the salvage team's initial check to ensure no ingress of water, Multraship's salvage tugs, along with those from URS, hauled Sibotura off the bank at 1840 hrs local time. The vessel was then safely anchored. Sibotura was released after a dive inspection team revealed no damage.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 26 February 2003, p 1 'Opinion: Bulker fatalities plummet in 2002'. (Fatalities from bulk-carrier accidents slumped last year from an average of 60 lives lost annually over the last decade to no more than a handful . It is welcome news even if it is ironic that in the same year in which the IMO and IACS finally approved a raft of measures to make bulk carriers stronger and safer, loss of life should hit an all-time low. But it should be no surprise if the average number of seafarer fatalities should start to fall from now on. ) - TRADEWINDS, 28 February 2003, p 2 'Double trouble for bulk owners'. (Shipowners are not sure whether they should hold back or jump onto the double-hull bandwagon. In a little over three years owners are unlikely to have any choice about whether or not to build double-hull bulkers as the regulatory framework will be in place. But for now they face a dilemma. Should they order now, berth space permitting, while design details remain something of a moving target? Or should they hold back on order plans until International Maritime Organisation (IMO) deliberations are clear, and risk piling into a potentially expensive crush at yards? ) - TRADEWINDS, 28 February 2003, p 6 'New IMO rules look to be held up until 2006'. (A mandatory double hull for bulk carriers built under strict technical guidelines is now unlikely to be enforced until 2006. An IMO meeting early next month will go some way to deciding on technical details and dates after hearing key submissions from Japan, the UK and the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS). Bimco and the International Chamber of Shipping have also submitted papers for consideration after lengthy industry consultation. But the upcoming IMO schedule is likely to mean that the mandatory requirement for double-hull bulk carriers is delayed until 2006. ) - TRADEWINDS, 28 February 2003, p 7 'Double-hull discount in China'. (Chinese shipbuilders are offering owners double-hull panamax bulker newbuildings at temptingly small premiums over existing single-skin ships. Newbuilding experts in China tell TradeWinds that one yard has a design for an 82,000-dwt double-hull panamax bulker that will cost less than $500,000 more than the price of a conventional ship. ) - TRADEWINDS, 28 February 2003, p 6 'Bulkers' deadly numbers falling'. (About 60 seafarers die each year in bulker accidents. Only four died in 2002 -- but what does this mean? The latest statistics from bulker owners' association Intercargo are to reveal a massive drop in seafarer fatalities from bulker accidents. Figures about to be published by the London-based group will show that only five major bulker accidents occurred in 2002, taking four lives. ) - TRADEWINDS, 28 February 2003, p 38 'Letter: Why did it take so long to wake people?'. (Paul Lambert: Sir, I attended Maritime Safety Committee 75 and 76 on the working group concerned with bulk carrier safety.I noted with extreme sadness that, whereas many of the recommendations made by Justice Colman (who presided over the Re-Opened Formal Investigation into the Loss of Derbyshire) were adopted in respect of new bulk carriers, as regards the existing bulk carrier fleet little or no progress was made to improve safety.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 3 March 2003, p 5 'Bulker owners count the cost'. (Bulk-carrier owners could be faced with the cancellation of charter parties and reduced cargo capacity if controversial new rules to be discussed at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) are adopted. The proposals for existing bulk carriers will be put to the IMO's subcommittee on ship design and equipment next week for adoption in 2004. ) - TRADEWINDS, 7 March 2003, p 3 'Bulkers to bear warning labels'. (Older bulk carriers could soon be embossed like cigarette packets with stark warnings to crew about their chances of going down suddenly. That is one of the radical proposals under consideration at the IMO next week to make seafarers aware of the need to evacuate quickly if water ingress occurs. ) - TRADEWINDS, 7 March 2003, p 38 'UK to push for stronger line on bulker safety at IMO'. (The UK government is to press for additional, mandatory safety measures for existing bulk carriers as a crucial eight-day meeting gets under way at the International Maritime Organisation today. The UK remains concerned that while the host of high-priority regulatory recommendations agreed by the IMO Maritime Safety Committee in December "significantly improve" the safety of new bulk carriers, "little was done" to reduce the vulnerability of the existing fleet.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 10 March 2003, p 3

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'Editorial: Something for existing ships'. (It's a bit like the opposing camps over the likely war with Iraq, with sincere views being held on both sides, but both being somewhat confused by a mass of conflicting detail. Bulk carrier safety rightly attracts strong feelings; too many seamen have died in this class of ship not to feel strongly about them. There has been much regulatory and classification society progress, but arguably, this has been focused on new vessels, and there has been much less unanimity about the measures which can produce a formula to make existing ships less vulnerable. But doing nothing, or even very little, for existing ships is not an acceptable option.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 March 2003, p 7 'Row erupts on rules for bulkers'. (Common ground on safety regulations of existing ships disintegrates as delegates clash over ban on alternate hold loading and flooding requirement. Early accord on bulker safety at the IMO Design and Equipment Subcommittee crumbled yesterday, as delegations fell out over rules governing existing ships. The UK delegation, which oversaw the formal safety assessment on bulkers, described opposition to two of its key proposals on existing bulkers as "illogical, inconsistent and indefensible", claiming at one point that resistance was "immoral".) - LLOYD'S LIST, 12 March 2003, p 3 'We cannot shy away from the crucifying truth'. (It may seem extraordinary that early action to abandon ship should be a top priority item on the agenda of the International Maritime Organisation. Nonetheless, this is the hard reality of shipping as we know it, and which the IMO's ship design and equipment subcommittee, under its newly elected chairman, Russia's highly respected Igor Ponomarev, must tackle head-on during this and next week as part of its most pressing agenda on bulk carrier safety. It is to the credit of the organisation, whose mission it is to safeguard life at sea, that it has chosen not to ignore the more ugly truths revealed by both long-term accident experience and an intensive collaborative research programme based on formal safety assessment.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 12 March 2003, p 16 'Alternate-hold loading ban put off a year'. (A decision on controversial proposals to ban alternate-hold loading on bulkers over 10 years old looks set to be put off another year. At debate this week, the design and equipment sub-committee at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) decided to carry the matter forward for one further meeting. The proposed ban now looks as if it will be sent to a working group and could it take years to process. ) - TRADEWINDS, 14 March 2003, p 38 'DNV veur accroître la securité des vraquiers' - JOURNAL DE LA MARINE MARCHANDE, 14 February 2003, p 15 'Lifeboat problems on bulk carriers'. (Two accidents involving lifeboats aboard bulk carriers ("Washington Trader" and "Alianthos") have been subject of detailed investigations by the Australian Transport Safety Board) - SAFETY AT SEA, March 2003, pp 16-17 'Bulker safety spat at IMO'. (The bulk carrier safety issue raised some steam at the IMO's ship design equipment sub-committee this week. The UK, which has been taking a lead on this issue, found itself unable to persuade the committee to adopt key changes it was proposing to requirements for existing bulk carriers) - SEATRENDS, 14 March 2003, pp 1-2 'IMO experts agree bulk cargo safety measures'. (A range of measures to make both new and existing bulk carriers safer when carrying heavy cargoes has been agreed by the IMO's ship design and equipment subcommittee. In the final day of an eight- day meeting, work was divided between matters which must be submitted to the Maritime Safety Committee meeting in May for final endorsement, and those upon which work will continue in the specialist D E committee for a further period.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 19 March 2003, p 3 'UK welcomes progress on bulk carrier safety agreement'. (International agreement on new measures to safeguard life at sea has been welcomed by Britain for contributing to the safety of existing bulk carriers in particular. Maritime and Coastguard Agency representative Paul Sadler praised the "good work" done by the bulk carrier working group of the International Maritime Organisation during a further week of intensive discussions. The group's decisions, agreements and recommendations, which were endorsed by the ship design and equipment sub-committee earlier this week, will be submitted to the parent Maritime Safety Committee in May for review, approval or further action as appropriate.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 21 March 2003, p 5 'DNV warns on two tier market for bulkers'. (It would be wrong to conclude that single-skin bulk carriers are intrinsically unsafe, despite IMO requirements for new ships to be constructed with double hulls, Det Norske Veritas has warned. Commenting on last week's decisions of the IMO ship design and equipment sub-committee, Tor Svensen, recently appointed as maritime chief operating officer of the classification society, warned that an early phase out of

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single-skin ships "would create a two-tier market and push safe bulk carriers into oblivion.") - LLOYD'S LIST, 25 March 2003, p 3 'Class still a key player in bulker safety debate'. (The pivotal safety role of the major classification societies is reaffirmed by the latest IMO recommendations on bulk carriers. Like it or not, and those wary of recurring class-related shortcomings may well not like it, the safety of bulk carriers will continue to be determined by a carefully balanced mix of statutory and class requirements, in particular the unified requirements of the International Association of Classification Societies.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 28 March 2003, p 7 'Opinion: Looking to class'. (Classification societies are starting technical guidelines for double-hull bulkers well in advance of mandatory application in 2006. Lloyd's Register, for one, has outlined what pitfalls may lurk in new double-hull designs coming onto the market. Class has often been accused of being compliant with yards on cutting back on scantling strength and mild steel. So it is reassuring to hear Lloyd's Register pushing enhanced strength in certain sections of double-hull bulkers and urging that safety features not be lost to optimisation. ) - TRADEWINDS, 4 April 2003, p 2 'Classification trio unite in double-hull design study'. (Three European classification societies have combined forces to study the design of double-hull bulkers. Rina, Bureau Veritas (BV) and Germanischer Lloyd have teamed up to give guidance to shipowners and yards on impending new legislation for double-hull bulkers, says Roberto Cazzulo, deputy director of Rina's marine division. The launch of the project, which is expected to be ready by the end of the year, comes at a time when the design of double-hull bulkers is coming under increased scrutiny. ) - TRADEWINDS, 4 April 2003, p 8 'Double-hull worry'. (Lloyd's Register (LR) is concerned that yards may cancel out the safety benefits of double-hull bulkers by optimising designs. The London-based classification society is also warning owners current double-hull designs may not match the technical criteria that will eventually be specified by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). ) - TRADEWINDS, 4 April 2003, p 9 'Shipping 2003: les armateurs au pétrole et au vrac face aux nouvelles exigences de sûreté'. (Re: Connecticut Maritime Association conference) - JOURNAL DE LA MARINE MARCHANDE, 4 April 2003, pp 15-16 'Quarterpoints: We may yet have to look for alternatives to ISM Code'. (If ships could talk, what would they say to us? Surely, it should not surprise us a bit if they declared they feel hard done by. I can think of at least two vessel types for which we have been making life particularly trying - an uphill struggle to meet escalating regulatory demands with unpredictable outcomes. The oil tanker will have to be on its way out as a single-skin vessel much sooner than it was twice led to believe. First, there were the Marpol transitional provisions adopted post- Exxon Valdez. Then came the post- Erika amendments to 'Marpol 13G', adopted barely two years ago, which mandated an accelerated global phase-out. Thanks to the Prestige disaster, existing single-hull vessels are holding their breath once again. The European Council of Ministers wants to accelerate yet further the double-hull timetable.) - LLOYD'S LIST , 9 April 2003, p 16 'Letter: Tradition must not halt moves to improve bulk carrier safety'. (Sir, While tradition can be a fine custodian of best practice, it can also, if deferred to inappropriately, act as a sheet anchor on progress. The relatively new industry of powered flight didn't get off the ground until 1903, but, unfettered by preconceived notions, it put a man on the moon just 66 years later. In February's Naval Architect magazine Capt Dennis Barber gives an excellent explanation of his Float-Off Accommodation Module (FOAM) idea - emphasising also its cost effectiveness. Paul Lambert, MV Derbyshire Family Association, 24 Sergrim Road, liverpool L36 2QD) - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 April 2003, p 5 'Bulk Carrier Design'. (Special Report) - LLOYD'S LIST, 17 April 2003, pp 12-13 'Pros and cons of seeing double'. (A number of commercial and technical considerations still need to be addressed if the double-hull bulker is to be seen as the favoured way forward. Legislators have set out with determination on the road towards mandatory double-hulling of new bulk carriers of 150 metres length and above. However, although there are already a significant number of double side-skin bulkers already in service, views vary considerably within the shipping industry and bulk commodity trades as to the case for a wholesale shift from conventional, single side-skin structures.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 17 April 2003, p 12 'BV warns about double-hull bias'. (Bureau Veritas (BV) head of marine Bernard Anne has added his voice to concerns about the upcoming mandatory double hulls for bulk-carrier newbuildings. Earlier this year Det Norske Veritas'

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technical director Tor E Svensen spoke up in favour of quality single-hull bulkers. ) - TRADEWINDS, 2 May 2003, p 35 'Double jeopardy - Are double-hulled bulkers any safer?' - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, May 2003, pp 9-12 'Much more than magical - Hidden costs of double hulls' - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, May 2003, p 12 'Carriage of steel coils - Tanktop loadings when carrying steel coils' - SEAWAYS, May 2003, pp 22-23 'Surveying, safety and accident prevention'. (Bimco was represented at the 46th Session of the IMO Subcommittee on Ship Design and Equipment, held from 10-19 March 2003) - BIMCO BULLETIN, April 2003, pp 12-16 'Bureau Veritas gets to the bottom of bulk carrier standards'. (Bureau Veritas will shortly publish a new set of Guidelines for Bulk Carriers, aimed at helping owners to decide on structural configuration and assist them in negotiations with yards. The new rules are being developed to build on BV's experience with bulk carrier structures, and extensive consultation with industry, both yards and owners, "to help clear up the current confusion over standards", says BV.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 7 May 2003, p 13 'Comment: Double the odds?'. (New regulations making double hulls mandatory for bulk carriers are the culmination of a concerted effort to improve safety but there is concern about their interpretation) - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, April 2003, p 5 'Yards accused of exaggerating cost of new rules'. (Asian shipbuilders facing new class and International Maritime Organisation bulk carrier design rules intended to enhance safety are exaggerating cost implications in a bid to extend the life of existing ship types, Det Norske Veritas has claimed. DNV senior vice-president Hans Viig said shipbuilders had suggested that adopting unified rules on design loading conditions, plus mandatory double side skins and reinforced holds, could add 3 per cent-5 per cent to a vessel's price.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 9 May 2003, p 3 'Comment: Double-skin bulkers: paradise or problem?' - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, May 2003, p 3 'IACS and industry join forces for more transparent bulker design'. (Between 2001 and 2003, the Council of the IACS took a major step towards increased transparency in the design of bulk carriers. The Council adopted a new Unified Requirement for bulk carrier harmonised Class notations and design loading conditions. These measures, recently finalised, form part of a much wider IACS programme relating to strength issues and the safe operation of this vessel type (both in the case of newbuildings and existing ships)) - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, May 2003, p 46 'Upgrading existing bulkers'. (In December 2002, at its 76th session, IMO's Maritime Safety Committee adopted amendments to Solas Chapter XII and also agreed to a number of recommendations to further improve bulk carrier safety) - SAFETY AT SEA, April 2003, pp 18-19 'Editorial: Volunteers or pressed?'. (There is an argument which is probably as old as shipping itself which has raised its head again this week. It is all to do with the difference between "recommendations" and "regulation" and whether technical advances can be implemented by willing volunteers, or reluctantly must be made mandatory and put into effect by pressed men.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 May 2003, p 7 'Port Kembla pursues collision damages'. (After several months of speculation and rumour, Port Kembla (Australia) Coal Terminal's insurer has confirmed that the terminal is engaged in legal proceedings against Braverus Maritime of the Marshall Islands, the owner of the bulk carrier SA Fortius, which collided with a Port Kembla berth and shiploader last year. Port Kembla Port Corp has also launched a cross-claim against the ship's owner, and it is possible that other claims and/or counter-claims by the owner may be involved.) - FAIRPLAY, 15 May 2003, p 7 'IMO juggles demands for ship safety and security'. (The need to satisfy a wide range of top priority safety issues will be foremost in the minds of International Maritime Organisation delegates at the start of their eight-day meeting in London today. Speaking to Lloyd's List, Rear Admiral Thimio Mitropoulos, IMO assistant secretary general and maritime safety director, said that the heavy workload of the Maritime Safety Committee will mean that "many priorities will be dealt with and given equal attention". New items on the agenda concerning the safety of passenger ships and bulk carriers include, respectively, a correspondence group's search and rescue report with 35 "substantive recommendations" and a formal safety assessment study of smaller bulk carriers.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 28 May 2003, p 3

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'Structural failure not an issue in 2002 losses of five bulkers'. (No bulk carrier losses in 2002 were attributable to structural failure, capsize or a loading/unloading activity, the dry cargo owners' organisation Intercargo has reported. In its annual report on bulk carrier casualties to ships of more than 10,000 dwt, the organisation notes that five bulk carriers were lost during the year, one more than were lost in 2001. Two significant casualties, described as "near misses" were that of the Nasia, detained with serious structural deterioration in Rotterdam, and the Lake Carling, which was given a safe refuge in Canadian waters after experiencing a major side shell fracture while at sea.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 29 May 2003, p 3 'Rules reducing bulker casualties'. (The number of seafarers and bulkers lost at sea is continuing to fall while the average age of the ships sinking is rising, according to bulk shipowners' association Intercargo. The association says the introduction of new bulker-safety rulings from 1996 to 1999 is starting to have a major impact, adding that it sees no reason why these trends should not continue. Intercargo said: "This current round of rule-making at the IMO and IACS (International Association of Classification Societies) can only reinforce the improving situation for bulk carriers and their crews," ) - TRADEWINDS, 30 May 2003, p 10 'Safety assessments "cut bulker risk 75 per cent"'. (Bulk carriers "remain the most heavily stressed ships at sea", but formal safety assessment has brought a crucial breakthrough. By promoting implementation of "risk control based on sound technical evidence and cost benefit analysis", formal safety assessment will make a total risk reduction of 75 achievable for new ships. These were the main conclusions of John Riding, UK manager of an international collaborative study of bulk carrier safety that has resulted in 16 International Maritime Organisation recommendations for additional regulation.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 3 June 2003, p 3 'General cargoships and small bulker next in line for IMO safety probe'. (Safety risks to general cargoships and smaller bulk carriers deserve greater attention in International Maritime Organisation regulations, concluded the IMO bulk carrier working group. The decision has prompted the maritime safety committee to include the two vessel types in the work programme over the next two years. Accidents to general cargo vessels amount to 90 ships and 170 lives lost every year, according to casualty data provided by the Royal Institute of Naval Architects.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 10 June 2003, p 3 'Opinion: Bulker sinking raises the flag'. (It is ironic that the sinking of the 70,000-dwt Fu Shan Hai (built 1995) came just as the UK was arguing at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) that more action should be taken to improve the structural integrity of existing bulk carriers. An underwater survey of the wreck has revealed that the ship was holed in the No 3 cargo hold by the small, 380-teu containership Gydnia (built 2000). Presently only the bulkhead in No 1 holds in existing bulk carriers have been strengthened to survive flooding. But the UK's contention has always been that all the bulkheads should have sufficient strength to survive flooding in every hold. And that criteria is even a stipulation in the Load Line Convention. ) - TRADEWINDS, 6 June 2003, p 2 'Editorial: Knives and butter'. (The loss in the Baltic last week of the Chinese bulker Fu Shan Hai, while the Maritime Safety Committee coincidentally was debating issues of bulker safety, was an unfortunate occurrence, which on a number of grounds should not have happened. The bulker was a sizeable ship, while the containership which acted like a tin-opener was but a small feeder. The bulker was filled with fertiliser, a volumetric cargo which, one might have thought, would have taken rather longer to admit water than if the ship had been loaded with iron ore.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 June 2003, p 7 'Tougher bulker rules "diluted"'. (The great bulk carrier debate at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has come to an end with a final decision to ban alternate-hold loading on some bulk carriers. The Maritime Safety Council (MSC) resolved at last week's meeting that bulk carriers that do not comply with the structural conditions laid out in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (Solas) will not be allowed to load cargo by the alternate-hold method. ) - TRADEWINDS, 13 June 2003, p 38 'Double trouble'. (Large bulk carriers will soon have to be double hulled but crucial details remain to be decided) - SEATRADE, May/June 2003, pp 19-21 'New bulker rules go live on 1 July'. (An International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) council meeting last week agreed that the introduction of new unified rules for the construction of bulk carriers will come into force from 1 July. The new rules, named Unified Requirement (UR) S25, S11 and S17, set the standard for bulker design and loading criteria. ) - TRADEWINDS, 20 June 2003, p 38

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'Multiple measures set for discussion, adoption, implementation at MSC'. (The 77th meeting of the IMO's MSC is addressing a host of safety-related topics at its 28 May-6 June 2003 meeting in London) - OIL SPILL INTELLIGENCE REPORT, 29 May 2003, pp 1-3 'Class societies rooting for new bulk carrier safety rule'. (Classification societies believe the latest unified rules for bulk carriers will help stem the trend toward optimisation in shipbuilding design. The new International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) URS25 requirement is set to add 5 to the steel in bulk-carrier hulls and for the first time set a minimum standard for loading conditions. ) - TRADEWINDS, 27 June 2003, p 39 'Lloyd's start coating tank'. (Lloyd's Register maritime boss Alan Gavin says he wants to open dialogue with owners about new coatings and inspection rules for tankers and bulkers. In a letter to shipowners' associations reporting on the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) council meeting earlier this month, Gavin said mandatory coatings for cargo oil tanks had been discussed. ) - TRADEWINDS, 27 June 2003, p 39 'Market Forecast'. (Special Report) - FAIRPLAY, 3 July 2003, pp 29-49 'Owners rush to beat safety rule'. (The prospect of paying out hundreds of thousands of dollars for extra safety features for bulkers ordered after 1 July has led yards to sign an unprecedented number of contracts in June. Japanese trading houses and owners with letters of intent at yards for operators such as Zodiac, Mitsui OSK Lines, Yasa Shipping and JJ Ugland have signed deals before the deadline (See pages 8, 10 and 12). One Tokyo broker described June as "the best month ever for bulker orders". ) - TRADEWINDS, 4 July 2003, p 3 'Class NK gives bulk loophole'. (Shipowners can still order bulk carriers without complying with the new International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) URS25 harmonised rules if they class their newbuildings ClassNK this year. The classification society was the only IACS member not to make URS25 compulsory from 1 July when the matter was discussed at a council meeting last month. ) - TRADEWINDS, 4 July 2003, p 3 'Greek professionals speak out against double hulls for bulkers'. (Prominent Greek naval architects and marine engineers have voiced strong objections and reservations to the mandatory provision of double hulls for new bulk carriers, citing safety and technical reasons. In a paper published through the professional body, the Piraeus-based Marine Technical Managers Association, they emphasise that their concern stems from purely technical reservations "without agendas for commercial matters".) - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 July 2003, p 5 'Editorial: Strong views on weak ships'. (Radical changes to any tried and tested ship design are always hedged around with hazard and uncertainty. It is one reason why the marine industry is naturally cautious and conservative, which ought to be regarded as positive attributes rather than cause for condemnation. It is not that innovation is feared. It is just that, in the professional memory of every naval architect and plenty of mariners and marine engineers, there are to be found instances of innovative ships which brought only grief to their owners.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 July 2003, p 7 'Making bulkers better by design'. (Bulk carriers have high risk profile - the risk for crews is five times higher than on tankers - but efforts over recent years by IACS, IMO, and the major class societies to refine designs and operating procedures, and to tighten the regulatory regime, are now beginning to paying dividends) - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, July/August 2003, p 8 'Bureau Veritas expresses concerns over rush to double hulls'. (While presenting its annual results for the 2002-2003 financial year, BV has announced that it will shortly publish a set of guidelines for bulk carrier construction) - SAFETY AT SEA, June 2003, p 29 'The Forum debate'. (The debate over the adoption of double hulls for tankers and bulk carriers continues apace though it seems more and more people in the industry have increasing reservations about this approach to reducing accidents and pollution) - SAFETY AT SEA, July 2003, pp 14-15 'IACS and ship safety'. (Classification societies and especially their expanding auditing and advisoty services have come in for some criticism in the pages of Seaways recently. Here, in his keynote speech to the 2003 Command seminar, IACS Chairman Alan Gavin makes the case for the unique expertise and knowledge that class can contribute in the quest for high standards of ship safety) - SEAWAYS, August 2003, pp 6-8

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'Water ingress detection for bulk carriers'. (Bulk carrier operators tasked with fitting water ingress detection systems on their vessels in compliance with Solas regulation XII/12, can finally start to progress their procurement plans after the IMO recently defined a firm performance standard for this equipment) - SHIPPING WORLD SHIPBUILDER, June 2003, pp 54-55 'Crew rescued as bulker sinks'. (All 21 crew members of a Panamanian flagged bulk carrier Jubilee were rescued after the 6,000-DWT vessel sank in the Bay of Bengal off India's east coast on July 23. A spokesman for Chahaya Shipping Trading, the Singapore-based operator/manager of the vessel, said the crew was taken to Kolkata last week and was to be repatriated. ) - FAIRPLAY, 7 August 2003, p 12 'Footing the bill for owners that cut corners'. (In today's brave new world, responsible shipowners must be wondering what they have done to deserve the dramatic increase in ship surveys and inspection requirements over the past few years. No matter how many times people say that these are targeted at substandard operators, blue chip companies always feel the brunt. The situation will not get easier either. If anything, the amount and scope of ship inspections and surveys will grow and owners will have to accommodate more demands to satisfy the criteria.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 8 August 2003, p 12 'Efythmiou lashes out at response to Prestige disaster'. (As expected, the Union of Greek Shipowners has given pride of place in its latest annual report to venting the industry's frustration over Europe's response to the Prestige. In his preface to the 2002-03 report, circulated this week, owners' president Nicos Efythmiou voiced the organisation's "deep concern" at the manner in which measures followed the accident, adding that the accelerated phasing out of single hull tankers amounted to "a confiscation of assets". But, if anything, the Greek owners' leader reserved his harshest language for the debates about bulk carrier, rather than tanker, safety. ) - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 August 2003, p 3 'ITF helps Cyprus pay for probe of Christopher wreck'. (Cyprus is to commission an underwater expedition to investigate the wreck of the Christopher, the bulk carrier which sank with the loss of all hands in December 2001. While the Cypriot government will pick up most of the bill, which is expected to come in at under $1m, the plan will also receive a six-figure sterling donation from the International Transport Workers' Federation. According to a spokesman for the country's maritime authorities, a tender has been received from Limassol-based company EDT Towage, which will be assessed over the next few days. Normally such a process could take months, but procedures are being accelerated in view of the urgency of the task.) - LLOYD'S LIST, 13 August 2003, p 1 'Greek owners slam new rules'. (The Union of Greek Shipowners (UGS) has slammed recent safety rules on both tankers and bulkers. A single-side bulker of robust construction would provide an equal, if not higher, levels of safety than a double-hull ship, says the UGS in its annual report. Measures taken following the Prestige sinking were "hastily instigated by political expediency and adverse publicity", says UGS president Nicos Efthymiou, who believes the disaster could have been contained or prevented if the ship had been towed early on to an area of refuge) - TRADEWINDS, 15 August 2003, p 35 'Brits awake to loose logs on deck'. (Maritime authorities in the UK are becoming increasingly concerned about a spate of accidents involving bulk carriers with sawn-timber deck cargoes. A series of eight accidents around the UK over a two-year period has prompted the Marine Accident Investigation Bureau (MAIB) to urge owners this week to be more cautious with these cargoes. The accidents all involved bulk carriers carrying sawn timber cargoes loaded on top of hatch covers from North Russia and the Baltic to the Mediterranean via the UK. ) - TRADEWINDS, 5 September 2003, p 34 'Focus on bulkers'. (Now that all the commotion has died down over tankers the focus is again on bulk carriers. The IMO and IACS are bringing in new regulations for implementation such as water ingress alarms in cargo holds and forward spaces. Later on there are likely to be regulations requiring double side shells on newbuilding larger than 150m) - THE MOTOR SHIP, October 2003, pp 38-39 'IACS plans global standards for bulkers and tankers by end-2004'. (A new set of global fabrication and safety standards for bulk carriers and tankers could emerge before the end of next year. Following a tripartite forum of shipowners, shipbuilders and class in Seoul last week, International Association of Classification Societies chairman Ugo Salerno told a Hong Kong Shipowners Association meeting that he was confident that IACS would develop new common rules for tankers and dry bulk ships by the end of 2004.) - LLOYD'S LIST ISSN s, 8 October 2003, p 1

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'Lender frowns on twin-hull bulkers'. (The commercial life of double-hull bulkers may be shorter and the consequent additional cost will be borne by shipowners, a shipping banker warns. Sjur Agdestein, managing director of Nedship Financial Consultants in Greece, has come out strongly against double-hull bulkers, saying that his bank is completely against them and would prefer the money to be used for thicker steel in single-hull vessels. ) - TRADEWINDS ISSN s, 17 October 2003, p 24 'Associations in race against time to block Solas access requirement'. (Leading flag states will be urged this week to overturn amendments to the Safety of Life at Sea Convention (Solas) which would require new tankers and bulkers to be designed with so-called 'permanent means of access' to facilitate tank inspection. Industry associations mounting the campaign yesterday admitted they faced a "race against time" to gather sufficient support from flag administrations to kill the new requirements, which have been described as "blatantly flawed" and "dangerous". ) - LLOYD'S LIST ISSN s, 21 October 2003, p 1 'Salerno bullish on achieving new bulker safety standards'. (Ugo Salerno, chairman of the International Association of Classification Societies and chief executive of Rina, is confident a new set of global fabrication and safety standards for bulk carriers and tankers can emerge before the end of next year.) - LLOYD'S LIST ISSN s, No.58527, p 1 'Ship life set for a stretch'. (Class societies are ready to agree on a move to require bulk carriers and tankers to be built stronger to live longer. New common rules from classification societies for tanker and bulker construction will extend fatigue-life standards significantly . TradeWinds understands that International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) members are close to settling on a 25-year fatigue-life standard for newbuildings based on North Atlantic trading, one of the harshest environments for ships. This marks a significant leap up from today's norm of 20 years based on the less severe worldwide trading pattern.) - TRADEWINS, Vol.14, No.45, 7 November 2003, pp 26-27 'Bulker hangovers'. (Higher newbuilding standards are throwing the weaknesses of today's bulkers into relief. Campaigners for safer bulk carriers are confident that newbuildings will finally be built to a safer standard with the adoption of new regulations at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). They even claim shipowners will gain commercially, pointing to practical advantages of the mandatory double hull for new bulk carriers.) - TRADEWINS, Vol.14, No.45, 7 November 2003, p 38 'Counting the cost of safer bulk carriers'. (Stiffer safety requirements for new and existing bulk carriers are likely to cost shipowners more than $1m extra per ship. Bulk-carrier owners earning huge profits on the booming trading market will be brought back down to earth by shipyard estimates that show they will have to pay more for building and operating their vessels.) - TRADEWINS, Vol.14, No.45, 7 November 2003, p 39 'Measures to strengthen bulk carriers take effect'. (ABS has updated and re-released its widely used Guide for Ship Security to reflect clarifications issued by the IMO and the latest US requirements issued by the US Coast Guard (USCG). ABS was the first classification society to issue guidance on meeting the ship security code and has distributed thousands of the first edition of the Ship Security Guide in response to industry demands.) - LLOYD'S LIST, No.58532, 12 November 2003, p 10 'Greece launches bid to change "dangerous" bulker access rule'. "Greece has tabled amendments to proposed changes to the Safety of Life at Sea Convention which it believes resolve concerns over new permanent means of access requirements being dangerous. Captain Alex Carcantzos of the Greek ministry of merchant marine said he believed the Greek amendments were a "great improvement" on changes already tabled relating to new tankers and bulk carriers having permanent means of access to make tank and hold inspections easier. The Solas changes, which are due to come into force in 2005, have been strongly criticised by a number of industry bodies as being dangerous" - LLOYD'S LIST, 17 November 2003 (No.58535) , p 1 'Structural weakness claims bulker'. "New regulations to improve the structural strength of bulk carriers came too late for the 26,700-dwt Svyatoy Panteleymon (built 1977). The vessel grounded in the Bosporus in stormy weather on Monday evening at 23:00 and snapped in half two hours later. Its crew of 24 were all rescued." - TRADEWINDS, 14 November 2003 (Vol.14, No.46) , p 43 'Market Forecast'. "Special Report" - FAIRPLAY, 1 January 2004 (Vol.350, No.6257) , pp 14-49 'BV nod for double hull plans'. "Bureau Veritas has given preliminary approval to three designs for double-hull bulk carriers that are expected to meet future revisions to IACS and IMO regulations. The designs, two for capesizes and

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one for a panamax bulk carrier, will all give consideration to the anticipated revisions to IACS UR S17 (longitudinal strength), S18 (transverse bulkheads) and S20 (double-bottom)." - LLOYD'S LIST, 9 January 2004 (No.58570) , p 16 'Double-hulled bulkers - trouble ahead?'. "The issue of double hulls for dry bulk carriers continues to produce strong feelings. The Greek Marine Technical Managers' Association (Martecma), has expressed strong reservations about the proposed mandatory provision of double hull for bulkers of more than 150 metres in length" - BIMCO BULLETIN, December 2004 (Vol.98, No.6) , pp 50-51 'Bulkers to gain definition'. "The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) is set to come up with a brand new definition of a bulk carrier. A design and equipment subcommittee meeting planned for March and headed by Japan has been tasked with answering the seemingly straightforward question, What is a bulk carrier? The new definition is needed to identify which vessels should be covered by the new enhanced structural rules for bulk carriers that are set to be approved this year." - TRADEWINDS, 16 January 2004 (Vol.15, No.3) , p 39 'Date set for inquiry into capsize of Rocknes'. "NORWEGIAN authorities have called an initial court inquiry in Bergen on Monday to investigate why the specialist bulk carrier Rocknes capsized earlier this week with the loss of 18 lives. Bergen's court has set aside two days for the hearing to set down the facts that led to the 26,000 dwt bulker/stone layer up-turning at dusk on Monday in a fjord near the west Norwegian port city. District police yesterday also confirmed that the body of a fourth crewman was found by a miniature submarine in 50 metres of water near the bulker wreck, which leaves 14 seafarers missing and presumed dead" - LLOYD'S LIST, 23 January 2004 (No. 58,580) , p 3 'Search for 19 crew of capsized bulker'. "NORWEGIAN coast guards were searching for 19 missing crew as Lloyd's List went to press yesterday after a German-owned bulk carrier capsized off Bergen, writes Jerry Frank. More than 15 vessels searched for survivors after answering a mayday call at 1630 hrs as the 2001-built Rocknes went down near Vatlestraumen, West Norway " - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 January 2004 (No. 58,577) , p. 1 'Strong currents delay search of Rocknes'. "DIVERS yesterday delayed their search of the capsized Rocknes off Bergen as salvors pumped air to stabilise the wreck and strong currents continued to make underwater inspection hazardous. Salvage teams filled ballast tanks of the capsized 26,000 dwt specialist bulk carrier with more air to keep it afloat and tethered to the fjord shoreline. Four specialist Smit salvage divers waiting to go into the up-turned vessel will be joined by a team of 10 fire department divers tasked with the search for 15 entombed crew members." - LLOYD'S LIST, 22 January 2004 (No. 58,579) , p. 3 'Rocknes capsized after cargo moved'. "DOOMED bulk carrier Rocknes listed heavily after its gravel cargo shifted during a turn and failed to right itself before it capsized, taking the lives of 18 seafarers, it emerged in a Norwegian court. Norwegian pilot Vermund Halhjem told a packed hearing in Bergen that he felt the 26,000 dwt offshore stone layer shake twice followed by a large vibration that indicated the vessel had hit rocks or shoals." - LLOYD'S LIST, 28 January 2004 (No. 58,583) , p. 2 'Rocknes death toll set to rise as rescue operation is called off'. "Fifteen crew members still missing in freezing fjord as mystery surrounds cause of worst accident for Jebsen since 1945. THE death toll from the capsize of the specialist bulk carrier Rocknes looked certain to rise to 18 last night after emergency teams abandoned their search for the missing crew in the freezing fjord near Bergen. Rescue teams had worked around the clock to find survivors among 15 crew members who were unaccounted for since the 26,000 dwt vessel overturned on Monday at about 1630 hrs." - LLOYD'S LIST, 21 January 2004 (No. 58,578) , p. 1 'Inquiry faces mystery of bulker capsize'. "NORWEGIAN authorities are poised to launch an inquiry to find out why the three-year-old bulk carrier Rocknes capsized on Monday in shallow water off Bergen. Dutch salvage expert Smit is also waiting for the ship to be moved to a nearby port before its diving team can enter the upturned hull. Mystery surrounds the reason why the ship capsized only a year after it was converted into a state-of-the-art subsea stone and gravel discharge bulker for the undersea pipelines connecting oil platforms." - LLOYD'S LIST, 21 January 2004 (No. 58,578) , p. 3 'Rocknes towed by "funeral procession" tugs'. "THE capsized specialist stone carrier Rocknes was slowly towed to a salvage base yesterday by tugs with their flags at half mast in remembrance of the 18 dead crewmen believed to be trapped in the overturned hull, AP reports. "We are part of a funeral procession," said Ole Arvesen, spokesman for the

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Norwegian government's Coastal Service. "That is why all the ships involved are at half-staff." - LLOYD'S LIST, 29 January 2004 (No. 58,584) , p. 3 'Look to Norway for probe model'. "The Norwegian Maritime Directorate should be applauded for the speed and transparency with which it conducted its investigation into the Rocknes disaster, which claimed 18 seafarers' lives." - TRADEWINDS, 30 January 2004 (Vol. 15/No. 5) , p. 2 'Inquiry into "Rocknes" sinking heard in Bergen'. "A picture is slowly emerging of how an unfortunate chain of events tragically combined to suddenly sink the 26,000-dwt bulk carrier Rocknes (built 2001) with the loss of 18 lives last week. A Bergen inquiry heard that the factors that contributed towards the accident appear to have started when a stone cargo was loaded at Eikefet in Bergen on Monday 19 January." - TRADEWINDS, 30 January 2004 (Vol. 15/No. 5) , p. 22 'Families mourn victims of Rocknes tragedy'. "About 30 relatives of Filipino crewmen killed when their freighter capsized braved the cold of the Norwegian winter to join a shipboard memorial service at the accident site, reports AP. Eighteen of 30 crew members died when the stone carrier Rocknes ran aground and capsized in a western Norwegian inlet last week. Most of the crew were from the Philippines. " - LLOYD'S LIST, 2 February 2004 (No. 58,586) , p. 6 'IMO gets tough on safety'. "Efthimios Mitropoulos underlines the IMO's commitment to protecting the lives of seafarers at sea" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, p. 3 'Getting to grips... at long last'. "For more than two decades the bulk carrier safety record had too many stains on it to be proud of, but now improved casualty statistics and spate of new measures indicate that the problems are being seriously addressed" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, pp 5-6 'An industry divided'. "Even more than for tanker double-hull a decade ago, perceived pros and cons of the concept have sparked passionate debate in the bulk carrier sector" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, pp 9-10 'IMO calls for structural changes'. "Alex Johnston of Lloyd's Register looks at the perceived structural problems with bulk carriers built in the mid-1980s that led to the evolution of the double-hull concept" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, pp 13-15 'Not just a matter of double-hulls'. "As a major operator with a reputation for quality, Anangel has strong views on bulk carrier safety - and the numerous factors that must come together to achieve this goal" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, pp 20-21 'Making bulk carriers safer'. "Robert Somorville of ABS explores some of the technical aspects of the IACS' new requirements regarding bulk carriers" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, pp 23-24 'Building in a rules vacuum'. "Hugh O'Mahony looks at how market considerations require shipyards and class to second-guess the design requirements of the future" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, pp 27-28 'Initial tests give positive response'. "Christian Strobel of Det norske Veritas looks at double-hull designs through the years and assesses the operational and safety experiences of those vessels actually built" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, pp 30-31 'Progress in loss prevention'. "Michael Grey attempts to unearth the causes of the alarming trend for bulk carriers casualties in the 1980s and early 1990s" - LLOYD'S LIST SUPPLEMENT, January 2004, pp 32-33 'Stability, load lines and fishing vessel safety at IMO'. "The IMO Sub-Committee on Stability, Load Lines and Fishing Vessels Safety (SFL) met for its 46th session in London from 8-12 September 2003. Delegates from BIMCO participated together with 53 Member Governments and 12 non-governmental organizations and UN agencies" - BIMCO BULLETIN, October 2003 (Vol. 98/No. 5) , p. 9 12 'Dangerous goods, solid cargoes and containers at IMO'. "BIMCO representatives attended the 8th session of the International Maritime Organization's Sub-Committee on Dangerous Goods, Solid Cargoes and Containers (DSC 8) held

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from 22 - 26 September 2003 at IMO's London headquarters" - BIMCO BULLETIN, October 2003 (Vol. 98/No. 5) , pp 10-12 'Two more bodies found in Rocknes'. "DIVERS have located the bodies of a further two seafarers locked inside the wreck of the Norwegian specialist bulk carrier the Rocknes that capsized a fortnight ago in a freezing fjord off Bergen. Local fire rescue divers discovered the bodies mid-afternoon on the second day of their investigation of the interior of the 26,000 dwt Jebsen-owned vessel now towed to shelter." - LLOYD'S LIST, 5 February 2004 (No. 58,589) , p. 6 'Swift "Rocknes" inquiry still has week to go' - TRADEWINDS, 6 February 2004 (Vol. 15/No. 6) , p. 38 'Rocknes crew still missing'. "16 crew members of the Rocknes, which capsized in Norway, were still missing" - FAIRPLAY , 22 January 2004 (Vol. 350/Issue 6260) , p. 4 SEGRETAIN, J-F - 'Evolutions techniques récentes concernant la sécurité des vraquiers'. "Au cours des années récentes, les pertes de vraquiers ont poussé les societés de classification et l'OMI à édicter de nouvelles règles pour la conception et l'inspection périodique de ces navires" - JOURNAL DE LA MARINE MARCHANDE, 14 November 2003 (No. 4378) , pp 21-22 'IFAW responds to oil spill in Norway'. "IFAW (the International Fund for Animal Welfare - www.ifaw.org) has begun a wildlife rescue operation at an oil spill caused by the capsizing of the bulk carrier Rocknes off the coast of Bergen, Norway" - OIL SPILL INTELLIGENCE REPORT, 5 February 2004 (Vol. 27/No. 5) , p. 1-2 'Bulk carriers - Safe loading and unloading: whose rules apply?' - SEAWAYS, February 2004, p 14 ‘Old bulkers face significant bills as new rules take effect. SHIP REPAIR JOURNAL, Vol. 1/Issue 6, February/March 2004, pp 25-27 'IMO meeting stalls on double hull bulker debate'. "An attempt by shipping industry representatives to question whether new dry bulk carriers should be double hull by international law has been ruled out of court by the International Maritime Organization's Ship Design and Equipment subcommittee, but Greece has served notice that it plans to reopen the entire debate on bulk carrier construction. The International Chamber of Shipping yesterday introduced a paper to the subcommittee suggesting that the Maritime Safety Committee's provisional decision to make double hulls mandatory for all new bulk carriers of more than 150 m in length had been taken prematurely." - LLOYD'S LIST, 26 February 2004 (No.58604) , p 3 'Industry concerns not discussed at subcommittee'. "Industry concerns about the requirement for double hulls for new bulk carriers have not been discussed at this week's IMO meeting of the ship design and equipment subcommittee. The meeting is considering details of double side skin construction for bulk carriers of more than 150 m in length which the Maritime Safety Committee last year elected to mandate." - LLOYD'S LIST, 26 February 2004 (No.58604) , p 3 'Editorial: Fit for purpose'. "In a full agenda for the current meeting of the International Maritime Organization's subcommittee on Ship Design and Equipment, two important items leap off the page. First, the question of whether new bulk carriers require to be double-hulled is one where the committee needs to exercise some caution and no small amount of wisdom. Because there are convincing arguments both for and against the issue of a second skin for these maritime workhorses." - LLOYD'S LIST, 26 February 2004 (No.58604) , p 7 'IMO has legal means to tackle tricky Solas amendment'. "Rejection of convention's requirement for permanent means of access to a ship's internal structures can be overcome. The International Maritime Organization can resolve the awkward legal issue created by the proposed last-minute rejection of the currently applicable Safety Of Life At Sea Convention amendments concerning permanent means of access to ships' internal structures. The amendments will enter into force on July 1 for new oil tankers (500gt and over) and bulk carriers (20,000 gt and over) constructed on or after January 1, 2005." - LLOYD'S LIST, 2 March 2004 (No.58607) , p 3 'Six missing off Colombia as bulker sinks after blast'. "Six seafarers were still missing off the coast of Colombia yesterday following the sinking of the Marshall Islands-flagged bulk carrier, Ythan, at the weekend. An explosion in one of the cargo holds of the 35,310 dwt ship has been identified by surviving crew members as the cause of the sinking.

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The Colombian coast guard continues to search for survivors but there is little hope of finding the six remaining crew, including the master." - LLOYD'S LIST, 4 March 2004 (No.58609) , p 1 'IMO ready to adopt additional bulk carrier safety measures'. "Additional bulk carrier safety measures are on track for formal adoption by the International Maritime Organization later this year and subsequent entry into force on July 1, 2006. New draft amendments to Chapter XII of the International Safety Of Life At Sea Convention gained general consensus in the IMO ship design and equipment sub-committee at the end of "the most intensive working week ever" of the bulk carrier working group, according to an IMO source." - LLOYD'S LIST, 8 March 2004 (No.58611) , p 3 'Letter: Single or double hull - that is the question for bulk carrier industry'. "SIR, The question of the double-sided bulk carrier has become another divisive issue which confronts the international shipping community today. The reason for the debate stems from the appalling losses in seafarers lives during the past decades starting with the disappearance with all on board, of the 3-year old bulk carrier Bolivar Maru in January 1969, in the North Western Pacific. Andrew G Spyrou" - LLOYD'S LIST, 10 March 2004 (No.58613) , p 6 'Opinion: Double hulls past point of no return'. "The Greek government and shipowner lobby groups are desperate to stop the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) from mandating double hulls for bulk-carrier newbuildings. An independent report has been commissioned by Greece (see story page 54) that challenges the findings of a formal safety assessment recommending the double hull as the best protection from side-shell failure and water ingress. The recommendation was approved by the IMO in December 2002." - TRADEWINDS, 12 March 2004 (Vol.15, No.11) , p 2 'Bulker safety sceptics die hard'. "Greece has commissioned a new report that rubbishes the UK Maritime and Coastguard Agency´s influential three-year study of bulk-carrier safety. The 250 pages of research produced by Scotland´s Strathclyde University form part of a Greek-led attempt to block mandatory double hulls. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has followed UK recommendations to mandate double hulls for bulker newbuildings" - TRADEWINDS, 12 March 2004 (Vol.15, No.11) , p 54 'Improving bulk carrier safety with electronic logbooks' - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, March 2004, pp 36-37 'Water ingress monitoring for bulk carriers'. "The Unitor water ingress monitoring system is a monitoring system for bulk carrier cargo hold and strategic void spaces forward of the collision bulkhead. This unit monitors water levels and provide warning at two levels in the cargo holds" - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, March 2004, p 56 'IACS teams working on design rule frameworks "on schedule"'. "The two International Association of Classification Societies teams working on new common rules for tanker and bulker design are on schedule to complete the new frameworks by the end of the year, with their introduction into the market tentatively pencilled in for July 1, 2005." - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 March 2004 (No.58627) , p 6 'Double-or-quits bid to change the deck on bulker hulls'. "A last-ditch effort to revisit making double hulls mandatory for future dry bulk carriers longer than 150 m is gathering momentum, as Alexander D Carcantzos, of the Hellenic Ministry of Mercantile Marine, explains to Hugh O'Mahony" - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 March 2004 (No.58627) , p 7 'Cost per fatality averted: a mind-boggling $130m'. "The European Union's yardstick for road safety risk control measures is around $1m. In dealing with the bulk carrier safety issue, the International Maritime Organization tacitly agreed a far more generous $3m per fatality averted. However, the new analysis from Strathclyde University suggests that if IMO heads down the mandatory double-skin route, it will be sanctioning an unprecedented level of cost per fatality averted." - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 March 2004 (No.58627) , p 7 'IMO Design and Equipment Sub-committee meeting, 47th Session, 25 February- 5 March 2004' - BIMCO BULLETIN, April 2004 (Vol.99, No.2) , pp 16-17,19 'Editorial: are two always better than one?'. "The International Maritime Organization's upcoming Maritime Safety Committee meeting in May looks like being a lively place, as the issue of double-side skins for bulk carriers, which many had thought done and dusted, is disinterred." - LLOYD's LIST, 2 April 2004 (No.58630) , p 5 'EC raspberry for six members'. "The European Commission (EC) has put six European Union (EU) member states on notice that they face legal action over failing to implement maritime legislation. Finland, Italy, Belgium, France, the

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Netherlands and Austria have failed to adopt EU legislation on bulker safety. The official warning is the Commission's last step before a formal complaint to the Court of Justice" - TRADEWINDS, 2 April 2004 (Vol.15, No.14) , p 35 'Second thoughts demanded on access and bulker hulls'. "Two current proposals, which are in the process of becoming internationally accepted at the IMO, are causing considerable concern among ship operators. The provision for requiring permanent means of access to the internals of bulk carriers and tankers, has caused great concern, while the provisional agreement by members of the IMO Maritime Safety Committee to mandate double-hulled construction for bulk carriers over 150 m in length has provoked a growing furore among owners and operators of this class of ship" - LLOYD'S LIST MARITIME ASIA, Spring 2004, p 55 'Greeks bucking IMO hull decision'. "The UK says a Greek challenge may derail the IMO's double-hull bulk-carrier plans. The UK is warning that the decision-making process at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) could be thrown into crisis if the Greek government blocks an earlier ruling to make double hulls mandatory for bulk carriers." - TRADEWINDS, 8 April 2004 (Vol.15, No.15) , p 38 'Letter: Greek experience should be taken seriously'. "Sir, I refer to the front page article and editorial comment on mandatory double-hull bulk carrier requirements, (Lloyd's List, April 2). You presume a "rivalry" between the UK and Greece on this issue and report that the UK has submitted a paper to IMO which "rubbishes" the position put forward by the Greek government in its recent submissions MSC 78/INF.6 and MSC 78/5/1. Nicos D Efthymiou, President Union of Greek Shipowners" - LLOYD'S LIST, 14 April 2004 (No.58636) , p 7 'Scots seek Numast support over danger ships'. "Following Numast's strong reaction to the Salvage Association's annual report highlighting the discovery of hull cracks in tankers only 10 years old, the seafarers' union is to be asked to join a campaign against the threat posed to Scotland's High-lands and Islands by dangerous shipping." - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 April 2004 (58637) , p 5 'Unidentified floating object said to have cracked bulker'. "A crack in the hull of the 158,000-dwt capesize bulk carrier CSK Tribute (built 1991) may have been caused by a collision with an unidentified object. Greek salvage company Tsaviliris, which towed the Tai Chong Cheang-managed vessel from anchorage off southern Mozambique to a repair yard in Nacala, says it was told the damage was "allegedly due to collision with a floating object". Cracks had earlier been attributed to an inherent structural weakness in bulkers of that vintage." - TRADEWINDS, 16 April 2004 (Vol.15, No.16) , p 34 'Scantlings rules herald new era within IACS says policy head'. "Class competition on newbuilding scantlings will no longer be possible under newly drafted, unified rules and procedures, according to Mario Dogliani, chairman of the general policy group of the International Association of Classification Societies. Addressing the Royal Institution of Naval Architects in London, Mr Dogliani said that the new IACS common rules for uniform structural scantlings of tankers and bulk carriers "create a level playing field" with far-reaching implications for the IACS organisation." - LLOYD'S LIST, 4 May 2004 (No.58650) , p 3 '"Africa" turning single-hull tide'. "The stricken Cape Africa is tipping the IMO's scales on its way down. The 149,000-dwt Cape Africa (built 1991) accident has added fuel to a heated debate between the Greek and UK maritime authorities over double hulls for bulk carriers. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) could mandate double hulls for newbuildings next week." - TRADEWINDS, 7 May 2004 (Vol.15, No.19) , p 38 'Young tanker steel rife with cracks'. "Tankers and bulk carriers built in the last two decades are continually blighted by cracking in areas of high-tensile steel, say surveyors. TradeWinds has been sent photographs of young, Korean-built VLCCs and suezmax tankers spotted with potentially hazardous fatigue cracks. All the vessels are classed by top IACS classification societies. The photos all date from the last six months, even though classification societies have been aware of the problem since the early 1990s." - TRADEWINDS, 7 May 2004 (Vol.15, No.19) , p 38 'Bimco plea for IMO rethink on mandatory hull for bulkers'. "The largest of the shipping organisations, BIMCO, has urged the International Maritime Organization's Maritime Safety Committee not to make double hulls for dry bulk carriers mandatory as it meets in London this week. The shipping organisation has reached this conclusion after extensive internal discussions within its committee structure at which it has attempted to reach, a factual and unbiased assessment of the proposed mandate." - LLOYD'S LIST, 12 May 2004 (No.58656) , p 1

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'Editorial: a shot across the bows'. "It is a testament to the importance placed on the International Maritime Organization's Maritime Safety Committee that so many industry bodies are willing to put out their stalls on issues of some gravity. The two issues raised in today's edition amount to nothing less than a shot across the bows of IMO nations before they go ahead and set their ideas in stone." - LLOYD'S LIST, 12 May 2004 (No.58656) , p 5 'Embiricos warns of hidden peril in double hull bulkers'. "A leading Greek shipping figure has warned of the "very real dangers" of double-hull bulk carrier construction as the question of mandatory double hulls is deliberated by the Maritime Safety Committee of the International Maritime Organization this week. Epaminondas Embiricos, chairman of the London-based Greek Shipping Co-operation Committee, underlined the gravity of the issue before the MSC "if the bulk carriers of the future were to be built to a faulty design"." - LLOYD'S LIST, 13 May 2004 (No.58657) , p 5 'British IMO team rejects bulker double hull critics'. "A rebuttal of plans to block making post-2007 bulkers double skinned emerged yesterday as the British delegation to the International Maritime Organisation questioned criticisms levelled at the formal safety assessments that prompted the decision. An extended debate over security ensured that the simmering bulker row would have to wait. However, Simon Milne, Maritime and Coastguard Agency head of shipping safety branch, told Lloyd's List that a Greek ministry of mercantile marine-fostered bid to reverse IMO thinking resulted from looking at things entirely from a shipowner's viewpoint." - LLOYD'S LIST, 14 May 2004 (No.58658) , p 1 'Opinion: Toughest test still ahead for the IMO'. "Efthimios Mitropoulos's promise to make the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) more proactive will face its toughest test so far at crucial safety meeting this week. The Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) sits over two weeks and is under pressure to come up with some much needed solutions, particularly on the International Ship and Port Security Code (ISPS) issue." - TRADEWINDS, 14 May 2004 (Vol.15. No 20) , p 2 'Fewer bulker losses in 2003'. "Delegates assembling for a crucial bulk-carrier safety meeting at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) this week will be told that there were no fatalities from bulk-carrier accidents last year. The figures compiled by dry-bulk shipowner association Intercargo are bound to be used to make the case against new regulation. Opponents of mandatory double hulls will argue that enhanced surveys and new strength requirements have had a positive effect on the safety of bulk carriers." - TRADEWINDS, 14 May 2004 (Vol.15. No 20) , p 34 'Countering pollution'. "Members of the International Salvage Union (ISU) recovered 605 00t of potential pollutants during salvage operations in 2003. emergency assistance was provided worldwide for 218 vessels with cargoes and bunkers threatening pollution, as against 268 ships in 2002" - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, April 2004 (Vol.205, No.4201) , p 4 'All change for class?'. "Class has heeded the call fore change. This means redefinition of the roles of both the IACS and the IMO" - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, April 2004 (Vol.205, No.4201) , pp 20-24 'IMO in U-turn over double-hull bulkers'. "The International Maritime Organization threw itself into reverse gear on dry bulkers, ditching plans to make double side skins mandatory from 2007. The dramatic U-turn followed an intense session of debate at the Maritime Safety Committee, where opinion was so divided that a show of cards proved necessary. Available delegates voted by a 32 to 22 majority to scrap the mandatory double-skin provision, with 15 abstentions." - LLOYD'S LIST, 19 May 2004 (No.58661) , p 1 'Letter: More professionalism will stem bulk carrier losses'. "Sir, In the early 70s I commanded a bulk carrier of some 30,000 dwt - tiny by today's standards. The introduction of two reduced scantling hulls (with all the associated maintenance problems) is unlikely to stem the losses and structural failures incurred by vessels of this type unless the owners and charterers revert to a more professional "modus operandi". Captain C R Kelso" - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 May 2004 (No.58662) , p 3 'Editorial: Diplomatic games and bulker safety'. "On the 'better late than never' principle, it is perfectly legitimate for regulators to change their minds on key issues once they get their hands on new information. However, the International Maritime Organization's efforts to use the formal safety assessment as the tool for seamlessly driving new rules on ship safety have been badly holed, following an abrupt about turn on making double hull bulk carriers mandatory." - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 May 2004 (No.58662) , p 7

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'Harmonised shipbuilding rules ready by year end'. "The harmonised shipbuilding rules that will determine the future design of tankers and bulkers acceptable to class and underpin the International Maritime Organization's drive towards goal-based standards will be ready by the end of 2004." - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 May 2004 (No.58662) , p 13 'ITF condemns U-turn on double hull bulk carriers' - LLOYD'S LIST, 24 May 2004 (58664) , p 1 'Double-hull ruling gets overturned'. "The IMO member states have dramatically overturned a decision to make double hulls mandatory for bulker newbuildings after a last-minute appeal by the Greek maritime administration" - TRADEWINDS, 21 May 2004 (Vol.15, No.21) , p 6 'IACS makes rulemaking bid at IMO'. "Class is mapping out the part it wants to play in regulating shipbuilding. Classification societies have laid out their ideas for developing future rules to delegates at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). The International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) told IMO member states this week that its work on common construction rules for tankers and bulk carriers could provide a template for the process. IACS chairman Ugo Salerno said his members want to be involved in providing the know-how." - TRADEWINDS, 21 May 2004 (Vol.15, No.21) , p 38 'Editorial: Second thoughts'. "There can be no surprise at the reactions of some to the International Maritime Organization Maritime Safety Committee decision to "unmandate" the provision of double hulls for new bulk carriers. Seafarers' and their representative organisations are understandably concerned at the suggestion that existing single-hulled designs will remain as the most popular configuration for these ships,despite questions as to their survivability." - LLOYD'S LIST, 25 May 2004 (No.58667) , p 7 'Divisive votes on sensitive matters are IMO's new nightmare'. "Perhaps it is a sign of the times we live in, but all is not well with the 'spirit of compromise' on which the International Maritime Organization has long prided itself and which has served it in good stead. In recent months, the organisation's two leading standard-setting bodies - the maritime safety and marine environment protection committees - have had to resort to voting in order to progress key issues or to accept, when the dreaded 'show of cards' could be avoided, that individual countries not happy with decisions chose to reserve their position." - LLOYD'S LIST, 26 May 2004 (No.58666) , p 16 'Greece leads the fight'. "Win or lose, Greece's request that IMO "re-examine" the case for double-hull bulkers carries a great significance" - SEATRADE, May/June 2004, pp 19-23 'Editorial: Second thoughts'. "The vote that sank the proposed International Maritime Organization mandate for double-side bulk carriers did much more than expose the depth of unresolved differences over a range of technical issues. It had been the IMO's hope that by using formal safety assessment, decision-making on new measures to improve bulk carrier safety could be a neat and rational affair, based on the scientifically obtained results of the various formal safety assessment studies." - LLOYD'S LIST, 27 May 2004 (No.58667) , p 7 'Lookout: IMO doubles back - where now for FSA after bulker rules thrown out?'. "Last week, the IMO narrowly threw out proposals for double hulls to be made mandatory on bulk carriers. While the Greeks celebrate, the IMO will have to reassess how it makes decisions. There's no doubt about it: the decision to abandon mandatory double-hulls for bulkers has been a huge blow to the IMO's prestige. It leaves the issue itself in crisis, but more importantly it leaves the IMO's entire decision-making ­process in question" - FAIRPLAY, 27 May 2004 (Vol.351, No.6278) , pp 1-2 'U-turn over double skin threatens FSA'. "A dramatic U-turn by the IMO last week on plans to make double skins on bulk carriers mandatory by 2007 has been welcomed by industry organisations - but left many questioning the credibility of the IMO's 'scientific' decision-making. Despite two years of development within the committee and a UK-led formal safety assessment (FSA) on the issue, the mandatory provisions of new bulker double-skin rules were rejected following intense debate within the committee." - FAIRPLAY, 27 May 2004 (Vol.351, No.6278) , p 6 'IMO decision is step backwards'. "The United Nations' shipping arm failed to do its job on bulkers. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has made a major blunder by ditching plans to make double hulls mandatory on new bulkers. Coming as it does within the first six months of a new secretary general, the misstep also sets the group off on completely the wrong course." - TRADEWINDS, 28 May 2004 (Vol.15, No.22) , p 2 'Double hull retreat forces class to redraft bulker regime'. "Classification societies will be forced to rethink their much-hyped new unified rules for bulk carriers following last week's International Maritime Organisation (IMO) meeting. The

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IMO's decision not to mandate double-hull bulk carriers has put a wrecking ball through work at the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) on improved construction standards." - TRADEWINDS, 28 May 2004 (Vol.15, No.22) , p 34 'Cape Africa fuel removal is completed without incidents'. "After multiple weather-related delays, a Smit salvage team completed the removal of approximately 1,900 tonnes of bunker fuel from the bulk carrier Cape africa on 14 May" - OIL SPILL INTELLIGENCE REPORT, 20 May 2004 (Vol.27, No.21) , p 2 'Permanent means of access made simpler'. "IMO has had to amend its permanent means of access requirements for new tankers and bulk carriers even before the provisions have entered into force" - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, June 2004, p 11 'How Greek bulkers defeated hull rule'. "Shipowners delivered a high-tech Trojan horse to the IMO to wrest a U-turn on the requirement for double hulls on bulk carriers, Petros Aivatzidis discovers. Change would cause more problems than it solves, their video claims. One in four bulk carriers afloat is Greek. So any change in rules for these ships raises the alarm in hundreds of shipmanagement offices in Piraeus and Athens. This call to arms resulted in a high-technology Trojan horse being delivered to the International Maritime Organization to foil its attempt to impose double hulls in the bulk carrier industry. Greece mustered a 2004 version of launching 1,000 ships against the regulation change, which it called dangerous and wasteful. The concerted lobbying efforts by the Greek government and shipowners proved successful when the IMO opted to make a U-turn on the double-hull requirement." - FAIRPLAY, 3 June 2004 (Vol.351, No.6280) , pp 58-61 'New version of SafeHull developed for IACS Common Rules'. "IACS is committed to the introduction of Common Structural Rules for tankers and bulk carriers that will encourage more robust designs in the future. It is expected that the new Rules will enter into force in mid-2005, ushering in one of the most fundamental changes in the system of classification since the inception of self regulation. A draft of the new tanker Rules is scheduled to be released for industry review in two weeks on June 14." - LLOYD'S LIST, 7 June 2004 (No.58673) , p 8 'ABS addresses some common question about the new Common Rules'. "ABS is a member of the Joint Tanker Project (JTP), together with DnV and LR, charged with developing new Common Structural Rules for tankers, to be adopted by IACS. The following discussion with ABS chairman and chief executive Robert D Somerville addresses some of the more immediate questions raised by the advent of IACS Common Rules, with particular emphasis on those being developed for tankers." - LLOYD'S LIST, 7 June 2004 (No.58673) , p 8 'Twin-hull bulkers keep their appeal'. "Interest in double-hull bulkers is not reliant on an IMO directive. Far Eastern shipyards are continuing to market double-hull bulk carriers despite the International Maritime Organisation (IMO)'s recent turnaround on making the design mandatory." - TRADEWINDS, 4 June 2004 (Vol.15, No.23) , p 5 'Posidonia: Ships "must be built more robustly"'. "The leader of UGS opens his heart to Nigel Lowry about bulker safety and the British, Brussels and bias in the media." - LLOYD'S LIST, 9 June 2004 (No.58675) , p VII 'Class to seek common tanker and bulker rules'. "Leading classification societies will next week embark on a global consultation campaign with shipowners regarding proposed common structural rules for tankers and bulk carriers. The draft rules have been developed in the forum of the International Association of Classification Societies, which is undertaking the presentations in key shipping locations around the world such as London, Tokyo, New York and Hong Kong." - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 June 2004 (No.58577) , p I 'IACS meets to decide on common rules'. "A STRATEGIC plan on common rules for tankers and bulk carriers is to go before the International Association of Classification Societies meeting, which opened yesterday in Genoa, with a view to implementation as a harmonised set of rules on July 1 next year, IACS chairman Ugo Salerno has told Lloyd's List." - LLOYD'S LIST, 16 June 2004 (No.58,680) , p. 5 'Japanese owners wary'. "Some Japanese shipowners and operators have been complaining about new common construction rules from classification societies during a presentation in Tokyo and Yokohama last week. The Japan Shipowners Association voiced its concern that the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS), which developed the rules, should have worked in parallel with a similar project at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO)." - TRADEWINDS, 25 June 2004 (Vol.15, No.26) , p 35

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'Comment: It's make-your mind-up time'. "The IMO's dramatic volte-face on mandatory double hulls for bulk carriers has raised serious questions over the credibility of its decision-making process for maritime safety rules" - SAFETY AT SEA, June 2004 (Vol.38, No.424) , p 11 'Baltic to launch demolition benchmark'. "The Baltic Exchange is to launch an independent benchmark on the demolition values of bulk carriers and tankers. The exchange's chief executive Jeremy Penn revealed that testing of the data for the Baltic Demolition Assessments would begin on July 12, with an official launch expected in the autumn." - LLOYD'S LIST, 5 July 2004 (No.58693) , p 1 'Owner facing 5 per cent extra steel with new rules'. "An unidentified shipowner is taking a gamble by ordering bulkers based on draft standards that could mean an extra 5 per cent steel. The owner is placing a series order at a Korean yard under the provisional common rules on bulker construction, which have been drawn up by the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS)." - TRADEWINDS, 2 July 2004 (Vol.15, No.27) , p 39 'EC takes legal action on members' safety failures'. "The European Commission (EC) is taking court action against several of its member states and reprimanding others for not falling into line on passengership and bulker safety and for failing to comply with a series of other measures. The EC says it has decided to lodge a complaint with the Court of Justice against Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands and Finland for failure to respect European Union (EU) maritime legislation on safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers." - TRADEWINDS, 9 July 2004 (Vol.15, No.28) , p 21 'IMO MSC deliberates; develops plans and recommendations on multiple issues' - OIL SPILL INTELLIGENCE REPORT, 10 June 2004 (Vol.27, No.24) , pp 2-4 'Bulk carrier safety at MSC 78' - BIMCO BULLETIN, June 2004 (Vol.99, No.3) , p 6 'IACS Common Rules for oil tankers and bulk carriers' - BIMCO BULLETIN, June 2004 (Vol.99, No.3) , p 16 'Bulker design talks head for improved rules'. "Initial industry feedback appears positive over common rules proposed by the International Association of Classification Societies on dry bulker construction, but modifications look likely to flow from what is an unprecedented external review. Ugo Salerno, the Rina chief executive who gave way as IACS chairman on June 30 to Bureau Veritas' Bernard Anne, said owners welcomed common rules on tanker and bulker construction, particularly on scantling thicknesses." - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 July 2004 (No.58671) , pp 1,3 'Bulker experience applied to new rules'. "With the largest number of bulk carriers under class of any IACS classification society, Nippon Kaiji Kyokai has been using its wealth of technical experience to develop IACS common structural requirements (CSR)." - FAIRPLAY, 15 July 2004 (Vol.351, No.6285) , p 30 'Owner alarm over IACS bulker rules'. "Industry fears are starting to emerge that draft common structural rules for tankers and bulkers, first presented by the International Association of Classification Societies barely a month ago, may not be good enough. First to air its concerns publicly is the London-based Greek Shipping Co-operation Committee, which has praised IACS for entering a dialogue with the industry but questioned whether safety margins embodied in the proposals are high enough." - LLOYD'S LIST, 23 July 2004 (No.58706) , p 1 'Early abandonment of ship cited in IMO guidelines on bulk carriers'. "Urgent guidance stressing the possible need for immediate abandonment of bulk carriers following early assessment of hull damage has been finalised by the International Maritime Organization. The new guidelines are designed to avoid the catastrophic loss of life experienced from the mid-1970s by bulk carriers carrying high-density cargoes as a result of rapid hold flooding." - LLOYD'S LIST, 23 July 2004 (No.58706) , p 3 'Editorial: Getting off fast'. "Nobody who has seen the photographs last Monday in this newspaper of the gigantic aperture in the port side of the capsize bulk carrier Cape Africa can be in any doubt that the crew of this ship was in deadly danger when the damage was first reported. This particular vessel seems to have been stronger than some, as its survival over nearly three months has demonstrated, but it nevertheless underlines the importance of treating any such accident as potentially fatal, with early abandonment of such a vessel strongly recommended." - LLOYD'S LIST, 23 July 2004 (No.58706) , p 5

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'Better times for bulkers'. "Intercargo's Bulk Carrier casualty report for 2003, which covers total losses of bulk carriers over 10 000dwt, identifies four such losses, the lowest level of annual loss since 1994" - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, June 2004 (Vol.205, No.4203) , p 5 'New IACS URs address bulk carrier safety'. "IACS has addressed the issue of bulk carrier safety by recently introducing a new Unified Requirements on Strength that are applicable to the existing fleet of bulk carriers" - SURVEYOR, Summer 2004, pp 14-18 'An operator's personal view on double-hull bulk carriers'. "Stavros Hatzigrigoriz, Kristen Navigation, outlines his views on the benefits of double skin bulk carriers" - SURVEYOR, Summer 2004, pp 19-21 'Letter: Joint interest in bulker rules'. "Sir, I refer to your article "Owner alarm over IACS bulker rules" (Lloyd's List, July 23). In fact, the scantlings of a bulk carrier designed according to the requirements of the Joint Bulker Project are increased in comparison with the same ship built in accordance with the current requirements of IACS members. Jean François Segretain, Member of JBP steering committee, Regional manager, Bureau Veritas" - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 July 2004 (No.58711) , p 5 'IMO sinks hopes of mandatory double hulls'. "Melanie Dayasena reports on the strengths and weaknesses surrounding the debate on double hulled bulkers" - LLOYD'S SHIP MANAGER , July/August 2004, pp 41-42 'Achieving consensus on safety'. "a round up of the decisions agreed at the 78th session of IMO's Maritime Safety Committee held in London in May" - TANKER OPERATOR, July 2004 (Vol.3, No.6) , pp 6-7 'Uncommonly strict rules'. "More robust ships designed to withstand 25 years of operating in the North Atlantic: that is the declared goal of the IACS teams working on common rules for tanker and bulk carrier construction, but Malcolm Latarche finds a number within the industry who feel that this an case of overkill" - FAIRPLAY, 26 August 2004 (Vol.351, No.6291) , pp 27-28 'Safety of navigation issues discussed at IMO'. "The IMO Safety of Navigation Subcommittee met in London for its 50th session from 5-9 July 2004" - BIMCO BULLETIN, August 2004 (Vol.99, No.4) , pp 13, 15 'Security measures under spotlight at Maritime Safety Committee'. "MSC 78th Session, 12-21 May 2004" - IMO NEWS, 2004 (Issue 3) , pp 27-30 'Pilot's slip on bulk carrier results in claim for $2m'. "A claim for more than $2m was lodged by a US pilot who slipped when leaving a bulk carrier, London P&I Club has revealed. Ship owning interests represented by P&I were able to negotiate a more modest, but undisclosed settlement." - LLOYD'S LIST, 26 October 2004 (No.58774) , p 2 'IACS extends deadline for construction rules'. "Following a flood of response from shipowners and shipbuilders who wished to comment on proposals for common construction rules for tankers and bulk carriers, the Council of the IACS has agreed to extend its deadline for comments on the rules from September 30 to December 31" - LLOYD'S LIST, 2 November 2004 (No.58779) , p 1 'New structural rules get delayed'. "The introduction of new classification rules to improve the robustness of modern ships will be delayed by another six months. The International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) has dropped the original July 2005 schedule for the introduction of its common rules for tankers and bulkers and is now targeting 1 January 2006." - TRADEWINDS, 5 November 2004 (Vol.15, No.45) , p 46 'Transparency need behind common rules - Anne'. "The six-month delay in implementing drafts of the common structural rules for tankers and bulk carriers was to foster a full and transparent exchange of views with the industry. This was the message that Bernard Anne, chairman of the International Association of Classification Societies, told a gathering of Hong Kong shipowners last week." - LLOYD'S LIST, 8 November 2004 (No.58783) , p 3 'Intertanko urges action on rules'. "After news that its common-rules regime will be delayed, Intertanko has urged the International Association of Classification Societies to act quickly. More than 3,000 industry comments on its new rules have been received by IACS. After an emergency meeting last week, its council extended the consultation period to 31 December 2004." - FAIRPLAY, 11 November 2004 (Vol.352, No.6302) , p 10

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'Salvors free handymax after four-month battle'. "The salvage of the handymax bulk carrier Ken Explorer (built 1997) is finally over and its owner is hoping to drydock the vessel nearly four months after the ship first grounded off India. The 45,000-dwt bulker had suffered what has been described as "severe damage" after it grounded in the Gulf of Khambat in mid-August." - TRADEWINDS, 12 November 2004 (Vol.15, No.46) , p 39 'Propulsion trends in bulk carriers' - BIMCO BULLETIN, October 2004 (Vol.99, No.5) , pp 35-43 'Ballast-free design is now a reality'. "A bulk carrier which does not require water ballast when empty has been designed by US naval architects. The design, outlined in the latest Ballast Water News by the Global Ballast Water Management Programme, has been developed by a group from the University of Michigan as an alternative to ballast water exchange -mechanical, chemical or ultra violet systems of preventing the transfer of harmful marine organisms in ballast water." - LLOYD'S LIST, 10 December 2004 (No.58807) , p 3 'Editorial: A river runs through it'. "The problem of ballast water management and the prevention of harmful aquatic organisms is generally thought to be one of the most obdurate difficulties facing ship and equipment designers. At present, ballast water exchange is the only feasible solution, and is generally recognised to be the best available. Given the demands for far greater security against the transfer of alien species from one part of the world to another, work is proceeding on a number of levels on methods of sterilising the ballast, either by chemicals or ultra-violet light. There are promising signs coming from research, but the sheer scale of the problem, with the quantities of ballast that need treatment makes solutions neither easy nor cheap." - LLOYD'S LIST, 10 December 2004 (No.58807) , p 5 'Revamped bulk carrier regime to come into force next year'. "A completely overhauled bulk carrier safety regime that includes, for the first time, a goal-based standard for side shell failure, is expected to enter into force in 18 months time. The inclusion of the standard, proposed to the International Maritime Organization at the last minute by the UK, was agreed unopposed and even attracted the wholehearted support of countries such as Greece and Japan, which have been wary of any attempt to introduce a global mandate for compulsory double side-skin construction." - LLOYD'S LIST, 14 December 2004 (No.58809) , p 3 'Applying a little science to the regulatory arena'. "Pragmatism and a dogged determination not to let go of a last opportunity to fast-track both a holistic and cost effective package of measures to enhance bulk carrier safety lay behind the UK's ingenious submission to the International Maritime Organization last week. The UK's last minute proposal to the maritime safety committee convinced Greece and Japan, the two countries at the centre of the double-hull controversy, that a mandatory safety goal-oriented construction standard for new buildings was an appropriate solution to address the specific problem of side shell failure." - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 December 2004 (No.58810) , p 5 'UK delegation scores bulker safety coup at IMO'. "Shipowners could soon be persuaded to order double-hull bulkers in droves after unexpected developments at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). Just months after a proposal to make double hulls mandatory was thrown out of the IMO at the 11th hour, the champions of bulker safety at the UK delegation have managed a surprise coup." - TRADEWINDS, 17 December 2004 (Vol.15, No.51) , p 8 'Federal probe begins into Alaska grounding'. "THE master of the Selendang Ayu and three crew members were expected to remain in Alaska at the weekend as a US federal inquiry began to piece together the events that led to the bulk carrier's fatal grounding off Unalaska Island on December 8" - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 December 2004 (No. 58,813) , p. 3 'Major players join debate 50th meeting of IACS'. "PROGRESS on common structural rules for tankers and bulk carriers, goal-based standards and issues of liability and the relationship between classification societies and other agencies were just some of the many industry issues discussed at the International Association of Classification Societies' council, which held its 50th meeting in London last week" - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 December 2004 (No. 58,813) , p. 3 'Smit team deployed for Selendang Ayu clean-up'. "SMIT is flying a team of 10 out to the scene of the stricken Selendang Ayu, which ran aground off Alaska" - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 December 2004 (No. 58,813) , p. 3 'Call for Aleutian protection controls'. "Alaska's Aleutian Island chain, where the Selendang Ayu ran aground, split and has spilt fuel oil, needs the type of environmental protections that is given to better-known areas, according to a marine wildlife activist" - LLOYD'S LIST, 21 December 2004 (No. 58,814) , p. 5

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'Removal of Selendang Ayu lies with owner say Alaska officials'. "The removal of the Selendang Ayuwreck is the shipowner's responsibility under state statutes, senior Alaska officials have claimed, setting up a potential flashpoint even as the parties tackling the disaster bask in the present atmosphere of trust and co-operation." - LLOYD'S LIST, 22 December 2004 (No. 58,815) , p. 1 'Greeks urge IACS rethink on corrosion "mistake"'. "The body has urged the International Association of Classification Societies to reconsider "drastically reduced corrosion allowances" within the proposals of the Joint Tanker Project and Joint Bulker Project that were released earlier this year." - LLOYD'S LIST, 22 December 2004 (No. 58,815) , p. 3 'Selendang salvage attempt thwarted by bad weather'. "A storm that broke over the remote Alaskan region yesterday was expected to hold up the Selendang Ayu salvage effort for three days, even as a team of salvors deputed by Smit America arrived on the scene for assessment." - LLOYD'S LIST, 22 December 2004 (No. 58,815) , p. 3 'Goal-based standards under review at IMO's Maritime safety Committee' - OIL SPILL INTELLIGENCE REPORT, 2 December 2004 (Vol.27, No.49) , pp 2-4 'Markets Forecast 2005'. "Special Report" - FAIRPLAY, 6 January 2005 (Vol.353, No.6309) , pp 14-52 'Lady Bountiful and the Third World ferry.'. "The safety of Bulk Carriers." - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 January 2005 (No.58833) , p 12 'IMO "safety guidelines" for bulkers'. "Masters on bulkers are being encouraged to take immediate emergency action when it is suspected that a ship may have structural problems or water ingress while at sea. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has issued safety guidelines to stem the loss of lives caused because masters are unaware of the imminent danger facing the crew." - TRADEWINDS, 4 February 2005 (Vol.16, No.5) , p 38 'Class chiefs set out on Asian mission'. "Classification-society chiefs are on a mission to win over sceptical Far Eastern shipyards to new, tougher construction standards for ships. International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) representatives are on a four-day tour of Japan and South Korea this week to address mounting concerns about the proposed so-called common rules for tankers and bulk carriers." - TRADEWINDS, 25 February 2005 (Vol.16, No.8) , p 47 'Bulkers could have been saved with steel standards'. "TwntyY-three bulk carrier losses in cold waters over the past 20 years may have been avoided if minimum standards had been set for the steel commonly used for the side shell of ships, the International Maritime Organization has heard. In a submission to the Subcommittee of Design Equipment introduced last week, Canada's delegation said investigations of a specific incident suggested a powerful risk control option had been overlooked in the casualties - lost for reasons unknown because the wrecks were unreachable. The position was built around investigations into Lake Carling, now Ziemia Ciesynska, which suffered a 6 m brittle fracture in its port side shell transiting the Gulf of St Lawrence in March 2002 in benign wind and wave conditions." - LLOYD'S LIST, 28 February 2005 (No.58860) , p 1 'Goal-based standards and bulk carrier safety top MSC agenda'. "Bimco joined IMO member states and observers at the 79th session of the IMO's MSC which met in London from December 1-10. Several issues of importance were discussed, including goal-based construction standards, bulk carrier structures, and passenger ship safety" - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, February 2005, pp 68-70 'IMO set with standards'. "Containerships and bulk-carrier newbuildings ordered from August 2007 onwards must be built with additional protection around the fuel tanks, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has agreed. The Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) is set to approve a new proposal at its July meeting that was hammered out at an IMO meeting last week." - TRADEWINDS, 4 March 2005 (Vol.16, No.9) , p 39 'IMO sends out safety guidance for bulkers'. "Special safety advice and guidance on emergency procedures has been issued to bulk carrier masters in a bid to cut the number of lives being lost in vessel founderings" - TELEGRAPH, March 2005 (Vol.38, No.3) , p 13 'IMO wary of allowing class to verify common scantlings'. "The International Maritime Organization is reluctant to allow the classification industry the power to unilaterally verify and validate its initiatives on common ship scantlings, a senior IMO official said in Stamford last week. However, the official warned Lloyd's List on the sidelines not to

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construe this reluctance as a conflict or incompatibility between the scantling initiatives and the IMO's yet to be articulated "goal based standards" for ship structure." - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 March 2005 (No.58880) , p 14 'IACS buckles under industry call to delay new ship rules'. "Fresh four-month postponement to unified structural rules for tankers and bulk carriers" - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 April 2005 (No.58888) , p 1 'GL launches database for cargo compliance'. "German classification society Germanischer Lloyd has introduced a new database for bulkers. The cargo compliance tool Protos checks whether the structural and equipment requirements of a vessel comply with the intended cargo." - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 April 2005 (No.58893) , p 6 'Cracks appear in structural rules'. "Moves to create common structural rules for tankers and bulkers suffered another setback this week after industry pressure forced another delay. Now there are serious doubts as to whether agreement can ever be reached" - FAIRPLAY, 14 April 2005 (Vol.353, No.6323) , pp 4-5 'Bulker blast hurts rating'. "A seafarer suffered serious burns after an apparent explosion on the 38,000-dwt bulk carrier Hui Shun Hai (built 1984). The accident happened about 100 kilometres northwest of Carnarvon, Australia, on Monday afternoon." - TRADEWINDS, 29 April 2005 (Vol.16, No.17) , p 38 'Loading boom collapses onto bulk carrier in Geelong'. "A giant loading boom has collapsed onto the deck and into the hold of a Panamanian bulk carrier loading woodchips in the Australian port of Geelong. An eyewitness to the incident, which occurred yesterday, told Lloyd's List that he believed that either a wire had parted or the brake on the boom had failed, bringing the apparatus down hard on the hatch coaming." - LLOYD'S LIST, 3 May 2005 (No.58903) , p 3 'Side shell failure proposals face a broadside at IMO'. "New proposals for prescriptive class rules to address side shell failure in large bulk carriers carrying high-density solid cargoes will meet stiff resistance at the International Maritime Organization next week. Of greatest concern to shipowners is the need to ensure safety equivalency for the structural strength levels of bulk carriers of single-side skin and double-side skin construction, such equivalency being a cornerstone of the comprehensively revised Chapter XII of the International Safety Of Life At Sea Convention, which will enter into force in mid-2006." - LLOYD'S LIST, 5 May 2005 (58905) , p 5 Rina warns of ageing bulker fleet'. "Rina boss Ugo Salerno is warning of the "challenge" of an ageing bulker fleet. He believes that large panamax and capesize bulkers of 20 years or older will need to be closely monitored. Salerno is responding to an independent forecast that states ageing bulkers acquired at today's inflated prices will need to be operated for several years if their new owners are to make any money." - TRADEWINDS, 27 May 2005 (Vol.16, No.21) , p 19 'Industry greets common rules accord'. "Shipping industry leaders have welcomed the agreement between members of the International Association of Classification Societies on an implementation date for common rules for tankers and bulk carriers, writes Michael Grey. Concern had been expressed that the difficulty in reconciling the views of different societies was threatening to split the association. However, the meeting in Paris which announced that the common rules will take effect on April 1 next year has been widely welcomed." - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 June 2005 (No.58933) , p 1 'New rules are top of the class'. "Stephen Van Dyck, chairman of the independent tanker owners organisation Intertanko has welcomed the agreement between the members of the International Association of Classification Societies that will lead to the adoption next year of new common structural rules for tankers and bulk carriers. In commending the agreement, reached on Monday in a meeting in Paris between IACS members, Mr van Dyck said that this represented "an efficient and above all a thoroughly workable solution that forms part of the industry's ongoing commitment to raise standards"." - LLOYD'S LIST, 17 June 2005 (No.58935) , p 14 'New rules get pasting from expert'. "Guidelines developing at the International Maritime Organization that aim to meet a 15-year ballast tank coating life target are so ambiguous that they may do no good in the end, a leading consultant has claimed. Ballast tank coating standards for tankers and dry bulk carriers are out to an IMO correspondence group, and are due to resurface early next year at the design and equipment subcommittee." - LLOYD'S LIST, 28 June 2005 (No.58942) , p 3 'Bulker safety action shows'. "Regulations are proving their worth in declining casualty figures. Bulk-carrier losses and fatalities continue to decline as the effect of regulatory measures to improve structural safety makes an impact. Figures

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compiled by Industry association Intercargo show that only 13 seafarers died in a total of five bulker loses in 2004. That is up on an "exceptional" year in 2003, when there were zero fatalities from bulk-carrier losses." - TRADEWINDS, 1 July 2005 (Vol.16, No.26) , p 38 'Tanker and bulker rules on schedule for November'. "New combined structural rules dealing separately with dry bulkers and tankers look to be on schedule but the work will continue towards harmonisation. Bureau Veritas marine division managing director Bernard Anne, who headed the joint bulker project to develop CSRs, said yesterday that the IACS schedule for both tanker and bulker rules envisaged finalisation in November, with entry into force due by April 1, 2006. Ships contracted after that time would have to abide by new IACS structural rules, he said." - LLOYD'S LIST, 20 September 2005 (No.59001) , p 3 'BV says new rules ready'. "The new unified rules for bulk-carrier construction are ready to go and will not be delayed by ongoing technical discussions, says French classification society Bureau Veritas (BV). Talks aimed at harmonising the new bulker rules with parallel tanker rules now seem unlikely to be resolved by the time they are scheduled to be implemented." - TRADEWINDS, 23 September 2005 (Vol.16, No.38) , p 38 'Greek owners see class position cementing sub-standard shipping'. "Greece's shipowners were to the fore in welcoming the development by members of the International Association of Classification Societies of common structural rules for tankers and bulkers, as well as the new challenge of producing goal-based standards for ship construction put forward by the International Maritime Organization." - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 October 2005 (No.59021) , p 3 'Double-hull bulker rule plea'. "Philippe Louis-Dreyfus, chairman of French bulker operator Louis-Dreyfus Armateurs, has issued a plea for the adoption of double hulls as the standard for large bulkers, arguing that they could help the sector to get rid of the 15 per cent-20 per cent of sub-standard vessels which he claimed were still in circulation in the world bulker fleet. Mr Louis-Dreyfus, whose company is due to take delivery of the second of two double hull capesize ships from Korea's DSME shipyard tomorrow, said that the imposition of double hulls could reduce the competition imposed on operators of quality tonnage by operators of sub-standard vessels, who would have difficulty finding the resources to convert to the new norm." - LLOYD'S LIST, 8 November 2005 (No.59036) , p 3 'Editorial: Double thinking on double hulls'. "It should be mandatory to build bulk carriers with double hulls, says Philippe Louis-Dreyfus, whose company is taking delivery of a brace of capesizes with such structural facilities. Such regulatory strictures, he suggests, will be just the job to purge the dry bulk market of the proportion of sub-standard tonnage that is still lurking about." - LLOYD'S LIST, 10 November 2005 (No.59038) , p 7 'Greek bulk fleet'. "Special Report" - LLOYD'S LIST, 14 November 2005 (Vol. 59,040) , p Supplement 'Union says safety measures are being confused with built-in obsolescence'. "GREEK shipowners have been closely involved in the debate on improving bulk carrier safety for many years, and made their presence felt notably last year with a successful campaign to revoke an International Maritime Organisation agreement making double side skin construction mandatory for new bulkers. Following this, the Union of Greek Shipowners focused on interpretation of what was felt to be a "vaguely" worded paragraph 5 of the new Solas regulation XII/6. " - LLOYD'S LIST, 14 November 2005 (Vol. 59,040) , p XI of the Supplement 'Maritime Safety Committee progresses goal-based standards'. "Maritime Safety Committee, 80th session, 11-20 May 2005" - IMO NEWS, 2005 (No.3) , pp 10-14 'Tankers and bulk carriers plot same structural rules course'. "Common structural rules for new tanker and bulk carrier construction have been harmonised, but the price has been knocking methodology for two key criteria into the long grass. Talks between International Classification Association Societies' members affiliated to the separate Joint Tanker and Joint Bulker projects have reached compromise on long-running differences over their respective rules, according to one of the participants in the JBP group." - LLOYD'S LIST, 25 November 2005 (No.59049) , p 3 'Bulk carriers: Durability and performance'. "Renewal and expansion of the world bulker fleet is underpinned by significant advances in safety" - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, November 2005 (Vol.206, No.4218) , pp 50-56

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'Chemical code will act as litmus test for what can be carried by sea'. "Independent tanker owners association Intertanko is warning that more that 120 chemical products may not be able to be carried in bulk by sea from 2007 because safety and pollution information on them has not been given to the International Maritime Organization. The deadline for submission of data for the missing chemicals, which include coal tar, creosote and white spirit is December 31, 2005, or the products will not be able to be carried in bulk by sea after January 1, 2007. Carriage of chemicals in bulk is covered by regulations in Solas Chapter VII and Marpol Annex II." - LLOYD'S LIST, 29 November 2005 (No. 59051) , p 7 'Stricken bulker on the rocks at La Spezia'. "The 1976-built Margaret, a 2,600 gt, Georgia-flagged bulk carrier, foundered in heavy weather off the port of La Spezia last Friday, raising fears of a damaging spill in waters that have been the focus of a long battle between environmentalists and maritime interests. The ship's 13 crew members were rescued, but concern remains that the 3,000 gallons of diesel fuel on board might leak into the shallow water where the vessel is located." - LLOYD'S LIST, 6 December 2005 (No.59056) , p 1 'New guide alerts owners to bulker newbuilding perils'. "Practical advice for owners contemplating newbuilding bulk carriers is provided by a new publication devised by the Piraeus-based Marine Technical Managers Association in association with BIMCO. The Bulkcarrier Newbuilding Specification Guide acknowledges the fact that a huge increase in newbuilding activity has meant that there are shipyards now involved in bulk carrier construction with limited experience in the sector, and owners, perhaps who have always bought secondhand ships in the past, who are newbuilding for the first time." - LLOYD'S LIST, 6 December 2005 (No.59056) , p 7 'Bulker salvage jobs top agenda'. "Svitzerwijsmuller salvage operations in the third quarter of this year included the refloating of the grounded bulk carrier Jin An. The 50,786 dwt vessel grounded off Visakhapatnam, on the coast of India, during the early hours of July 17 laden with 30,000 tonnes of steam coal. Jin An was aground with its double bottom open to the sea." - LLOYD'S LIST, 14 December 2005 (No.59062) , p 11 'IACS Council agrees new common structural rules in historic move'. "The Council of the International Association of Classification Societies has unanimously adopted new common structural rules for tankers and bulk carriers, thus ending competition between classification societies over scantlings. The historic move ended a process that has taken more than four years of consultation." - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 December 2005 (No.59063) , p 1 'Editorial: A novel unity on rules'. "It has taken more than four years of hard and sometimes fraught work with 10 classification societies, each totally convinced that their own rules represented the tablets God issued to Moses, defending their positions. But yesterday, in the somewhat dramatic surroundings of London's Watermens' Hall, the Council of the International Association of Classification Societies adopted their Common Structural Rules for tankers and bulk carriers." - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 December 2005 (No.59063) , p 7 'Advanced ship structural strength assessment of double hull tankers and bulk carriers' - JOURNAL OF MARINE DESIGN AND OPERATIONS, 2005 (No.B8) , pp 21-30 'Bulk carrier newbuilding - A specification guide' - SEAWAYS, December 2005, pp 7-8 'Common logic, common rules, common scantling requirements'. "The ambitious goal of the IACS' common structural rules initiative is to deliver common scantling requirements - not merely common rules - for tankers and bulk carriers" - SURVEYOR, Winter 2005, pp 2-7 'Calming casualties'. "With so much bad press about shipping accidents, Bonita Nightingale has a look at the positive progress being made to limit incidents and at the trends in ship casualties" - LLOYD'S SHIPPING ECONOMIST, January 2006 (Vol.28, No.1) , pp 24-27 'Common rules boost safety, and IACS'. "Last year was a watershed one for the IACS, with agreements reached on the Common Structural Rules for Tankers and Bulkcarriers which will come into effect from 1 April this year" - SAFETY AT SEA, January 2006 (Vol.40, No.443) , p 22 'Seaman lost after three ships collide in Peru fog'. "A casualty involving three ships in heavy fog off the Peruvian port of Callao near Lima appears to have left one person dead. The chain of events started with a collision at 0717hrs local time on Friday between the bulk carrier Twin Star (23,701 dwt, built 1998) and bulk/container carrier Pintail (17,949 dwt,

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built 1983). Twin Star split in two as a result, although all 22 of the crew were rescued. Two were sent to hospital for minor injuries." - LLOYD'S LIST, 31 January 2006 (No. 59093) , p. 1 'Getting to grips with new bulker rules is main challenge for owners and yards, says Bureau Veritas'. "Understanding the International Association of Classification Societies common structural rules for bulk carriers - which come into force in April this year - will be one of the most important jobs for shipowners and shipyards in 2006, according to Bureau Veritas. It is also vital to work out the most cost-effective way to implement them, the French class society adds. That's just where BV feels it can help." - LLOYD'S LIST, 31 January 2006 (No. 59093) , p. 14 'Editorial: Struggle on'. "The considered response of the Greek shipping industry to the International Association of Classification Societies' joint tanker and bulk carrier structural rules has been some time coming, but is perhaps predictable. It is also somewhat disappointing, as it appears that there are certain misconceptions about the joint structural rules as the Greeks believe them to have been developed." - LLOYD'S LIST, 27 February 2006 (No.59112) , p 7 'Old bulkers cause safety bells to ring'. "Elderly capesizes are being pushed to the limit in the booming bulker market. Up to 50 capesize bulkers are set to be pushed through fifth special survey this year and next, raising safety concerns over the age of some vessels. While tankers of this age are being phased out as the result of environmental and safety regulations, dozens of capesize bulkers built in 1981 and 1982 that have spent their lives carrying high-density cargoes like iron ore are now set to trade on past the age of 25." - TRADEWINDS, 3 March 2006 (Vol.17, No.9) , p 46 'Implications of common structural rules'. "David Tinsley examines some of the latest technical moves and newest tonnage on the bulk carrier scene. He starts with a report on the much vaulted, common structural rules (CSR) for bulk carriers of at least 90m in length. They have now been adopted by IACS and will be brought to bear on newbuildings contracted on or after April 1 this year" - THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, March 2006, p 11 'Appeal Court backs North Star ruling'. "An appeal Court judge has called for the a change in the law to oblige shipowners to make full disclosures to insurers when seeking cover. The call was contained in a London Appeal Court ruling in the case of a bulk carrier which sank off Drapetsona near Piraeus in July 1994." - LLOYD'S LIST, 11 April 2006 (No. 59,143) , p. 1 'Frenzy to beat rules deadline'. "More orders timed to avoid tough new class rules for tankers and bulkers are coming out of the woodwork. Japanese owners Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) and Mitsui OSK Lines placed orders for a total of five 170,000-dwt capesize bulkers in March ahead of the deadline for the new common structural rules (CSRs) that are set to come into force for ships contracted from 1 April." - TRADEWINDS, 13 April 2006 (Vol.17, No.15) , p 10 'Herculean task'. "Agreeing the Common Structural Rules for tankers and bulk carriers that will be introduced on April 1 was not joke" - SEATRADE, March/April 2006, pp 37-39 'Ban on alternate hold loading'. "In December 2004, the IMO adopted a new text for Solas Chapter XII, incorporating revisions to some regulations and new requirements relating to double hulled bulk carriers" - THE MOTOR SHIP, May 2006 (Vol.87, No.1027) , pp 30-32 'Bulk carriers "top of pirate hit list"'. "Bulk carriers are at a significantly higher risk of being attacked by pirates than any other vessel type, according to new analysis by risk consultancy The Merchant International Group. Figures released by MIG show that, since the beginning of 2005, bulk carriers around the world have been subjected to nearly 100 attempted or successful pirate attacks. This figure represents just under 30 per cent of all reported pirate incidents over the sample period." - LLOYD'S LIST, 9 May 2006 (No.59161) , p 4 'Editorial: Pressures on masters'. "In a rather cruel double coincidence, the publication of advice from the Nautical Institute on bulk carrier safety, coinciding with their new poster offering the same, appeared on the day that 26 seafarers were lost from the sinking Alexandros T . It doesn't make the advice, or the poster, any less important, and indeed may encourage people to look at it." - LLOYD'S LIST, 9 May 2006 (No.59161) , p 7 'Robust ships or Achilles heel?'. "For the best part of half a century, any suggestion that Greek shipowners might concern themselves with acting to improve quality standards in ship design and maintenance would have been laughed at. Indeed the world's perception of a substandard ship could for most of that time be described as 'a rusting old Greek

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tub'. While it is true that many Greek fortunes have been built up on trading ships in the twilight of their lives, there have also been Greek owners and operators at the forefront of design innovation with a desire to shake off the uncaring and mercenary attitude that the country's merchant fleet had been labelled with. Greek owners tend to concentrate their efforts in operating bulk carriers and tankers, and so it is not unreasonable that they have shown more interest than some others in the development of common rules for both types undertaken by IACS members over the last couple of years. Many in shipping have cast doubts on the wisdom of these projects for a variety of differing - and sometimes contrasting - reasons. For many, the doubts are why new rules are needed at all. After all, haven't the last five to ten years seen countless new regulations from the IMO and unified requirements from IACS, all aimed at addressing perceived shortcomings in existing designs and rules? " - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, May 2006 (No.116) , pp 38-43 'Opinion: Fear over bulker strength returns'. "Fears over the structural strength of a whole generation of bulk carriers now in their teenage years have emerged again following the 171,800-dwt Alexandros T (built 1989) tragedy, which claimed 26 lives. Two years ago when the 149,000-dwt Cape Africa (built 1991) foundered off South Africa with a hole in its hull the size of a bus, there were warnings of more casualties to come among bulkers built in the late 1980s and early 1990s, when the optimisation of design and use of high-tensile steal was reaching its peak. Those concerns appear to have been realised last week with the loss of the Alexandros T also off South Africa." - TRADEWINDS, 12 May 2006 (Vol.17, No.19) , p 2 'NI launches bulk carrier safety drive'. "Peddling statistics that show heart-warming improvement in bulk carrier safety is a failure of conscience, according to the Nautical Institute. NI said it was calling for assistance from across the industry to get the facts regarding bulk carrier safety to shipboard personnel. It has launched a hard-hitting poster to stress the facts of reacting to water ingress in bulk carriers, after the loss of Alexandros T." - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 May 2006 (No.59165) , p 1 'Being good is no loner good enough'. "The Common Structural Rules and the Tanker Management and Self Assessment Scheme are two of the latest initiatives driving forward tanker safety. As Mike Corkhill reports, these measures are designed to ensure that operators simply do not just go through the motions when it comes to compliance " - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 May 2006 (No.59168) , p 10 'New structural rules will drive tanker safety'. "The Common Structural Rules entered into force for new tankers of 150 m and above on April 1, 2006. Established by three leading classification societies - ABS, Det Norske Veritas and Lloyd's Register - under the Joint Tanker Project banner, the initiative was launched to ensure the construction of inherently safer and more robust tankers. Competition between class societies over the past decade resulted in pressure to reduce tanker scantlings. This, in turn, prompted fears that the new generation of double-hull tankers built over the past decade may be prone to structural damage and failure later in their service lives due to scantlings and corrosion margins that are not as robust as they should be." - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 May 2006 (No.59168) , p 11 'Bulker crews left in safety vacuum'. "IMO emergency procedures have not been made clear to the crew members on many bulk carriers. Following the loss of 26 lives on the 171,000-dwt Alexandros T (built 1989), it has emerged that many seafarers are totally unaware of recently introduced emergency procedures for bulker carriers. The Nautical Institute (NI) has launched an awareness campaign after it was informed by members that many masters have never heard of the new procedures. The campaign started just before the Alexandros T tragedy." - TRADEWINDS, 19 May 2006 (Vol.17, No.20) , p 42 'Bulk carrier safety'. "This article is timed to coincide with the publication of a bulk carrier safety poster which will be distributed worldwide and in great numbers" - SEAWAYS, May 2006, pp 3-4 'Summer shake up for bulkers'. "SOLAS Chapter XII brings in new rules that will affect bulker operations from 1 July. Solutions looks at some of the implications." - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, June 2006 (No.117) , pp 36-37 'Editorial: Derbyshire legacy'. "It was, we are reminded, a quarter of a century ago that the huge bulk carrier Derbyshire sank with all 44 souls aboard in the midst of a Pacific typhoon. Where have we gone from here, in terms of the developments that have hopefully made such ships stronger and less vulnerable to extreme weather?" - LLOYD'S LIST, 14 June 2006 (No.59186) , p 5 'The trouble with moral hazard'. "Chris Zavos, a partner in the marine, energy and trade division of Barlow Lyde Gilbert, looks at the implications of the recent North Star case" - MARITIME RISK INTERNATIONAL, June 2006 (Vol.20, No.6) , pp 10-11

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'Stress hazard forces ban on alternate hold loads'. "Loading in alternate holds will be barred under SOLAS for certain bulkers, as of 1 July. The move resulted from industry concern about the stresses involved in bulk carrier loading. In particular, the spotlight is on seven-hold and nine-hold bulk carriers, typically Panamax and larger. Stresses caused by loading in alternate holds predominantly occur when a ship is involved in the same trade voyage in and voyage out. Thousands of tonnes of cargo push down from one hold, while similar upwards pressure or buoyancy pushes in the opposite direction in the next compartment." - FAIRPLAY, 22 June 2006 (Vol.357, No.6384) , p 6 'Campaigners reopen Rocknes case with demand for inquiry'. "A Norwegian transport safety lobby group has demanded a full maritime inquiry into the capsize and heavy loss of life of the stone carrier Rocknes off Bergen in January 2004. The Skaggerak Foundation, formed in March, 2004, to represent the interests of passengers and crew in all modes of transport, has intervened in the Rocknes case, which occasioned only a partial investigation by the Norwegian authorities on behalf of the vessel's flag state Antigua and Barbuda. Eighteen of those aboard the specialist bulk carrier lost their lives when the vessel quickly capsized after striking a rock just outside the channel leading from Bergen, where the vessel had loaded a cargo of stone." - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 June 2006 (No.59198) , p 8 'False alarms put bulkers in peril'. "Alarm bells are ringing about water-ingress in bulk carriers. Cases are emerging of new water-ingress alarms, recently made mandatory on bulkers, sometimes being switched off because of the irritation caused by false alarms. One master who contacted TradeWinds in the light of recent accidents caused by water ingress says there are instances of ill-fitted alarms becoming a headache for ships' officers, who can be distracted by the sound. He explains that many are now using the traditional measures of checking for signs of water ingress through the sounding pipe." - TRADEWINDS, 30 June 2006 (Vol.17, No.26) , p 38 'Port-state records are improving for bulk carriers'. "Bulkers' port-state control (PSC) record is improving, according to a new study that offers owners the chance to "benchmark" their own performance against the industry. The review, which is first of its kind and compiled by dry-cargo shipowners' association Intercargo, finds that bulker deficiencies are on their way down." - TRADEWINDS, 30 June 2006 (Vol.17, No.26) , p 39 'Exercise bulker ends with death of crewman'. "One crewman died and two others were in a critical condition yesterday after an exercise aboard a bulk carrier 400 miles south west of Ireland went wrong. Urgent medical treatment was requested after Falmouth Coastguard was alerted at 1125 hrs on Saturday by the crew of the Polish Steamship Company Isa of the serious nature of the injuries." - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 July 2006 (No.59210) , p 3 'Piraeus collision spill'. "A bulk carrier collided with a container vessel in the Greek port of Piraeus yesterday, causing an oil spillage, the Greek Merchant Marine Ministry told Bloomberg. The Bahamas-flag DS Montrose bulker (17,944 gt, built 2001), contacted the bow of the Ukraine-flag Contaz Carrier (9,548 gt, built 1983) as it was leaving port. No one was hurt. A crack in the hull of the boxship resulted in a fuel oil spill and water entered one of the holds. A response unit contained the oil spill which covered an area of 150 sq m, the ministry said." - LLOYD'S LIST, 19 July 2006 (No.59211) , p 3 'Revised regs restrict alternate loading'. "Revised Solas Chapter XII mark the end of alternate hold loading for some bulk carriers. These new and revised regulations are being met with favour by the industry" - SAFETY AT SEA, July 2006 (Vol.40, No.449) , pp 26-27 'Your lives depend on it'. "Captain Nicholas Cooper, president of the Nautical Institute, gives some practical advice to improve safety on bulk carriers" - MARITIME RISK INTERNATIONAL, September 2006 (Vol.20, No.9) , pp 10-11 'Safety is paramount'. "Captain Dennis Barber looks at the ongoing issue of bulk carrier safety" - MARITIME RISK INTERNATIONAL, October 2006 (Vol.20, No.10) , pp 11-13 'Structural strength'. "Development of a method of evaluating the local strength of corroded hold framed of bulk carriers is the aim of an ongoing research project at ClassNK" - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, October 2006 (Vol.207, No.4227) , pp 38-39 'Coatings controversy leads safety debate'. "Implementation of a new, mandatory performance standard for protective coatings continues to cause controversy ahead of its imminent adoption by the International Maritime Organization. Greece continues to insist that the major classification societies should be prepared to carry out inspection tasks in

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respect of coatings used for corrosion prevention of dedicated seawater ballast tanks in all types of ships and in double-side skin spaces of bulk carriers." - LLOYD'S LIST, 29 November 2006 (No.59305) , p 5 'IACS coating standards to be mandatory'. "International Association of Classification Societies members have agreed mandatory performance standards for protective coatings under their common structural rules for bulk carriers and oil tankers. While the IMO requirements, agreed in Istanbul by the Maritime Safety Committee earlier this month, provide for certain elements to be voluntary, the IACS procedural requirement for bulk carriers and oil tankers contracted on or after December 8 specifies that reference standards in the IMO guidelines are to be mandatory." - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 December 2006 (No.59318) , p 3 'Bulker loss death toll climbs'. "Two major bulker losses in 2006 gave the loss-of-life figure a disturbing spike. The death toll from bulker accidents increased sharply last year with 36 lives lost, the highest level in more than five years. The rise comes at a time when profitable rates are persuading capesize owners to put their ageing vessels through fifth special surveys and trade them on past the age of 25." - TRADEWINDS, 5 January 2007 (Vol.18, No.1) , p 38 'Common rules but not common standpoint'. "FOR the classification world, 2006 was the year of CSR. Adoption by the International Association of Classification Societies of Common Structural Rules for tankers and bulk carriers preoccupied many as the rules came into force. This year the emphasis is on the continuing implementation of CSR and as Class NK says: "The process of updating, modifying and improving them will be one of the major challenges."" - LLOYD'S LIST, 30 January 2007 (No.59346) , p 10 'Improving the standard?'. "In the battle over when to adopt the first mandatory standard for protective coatings, IACS won the day, at least as far it applies to tankers and bulk carriers. But was it a botched job, that will come back to haunt the classification societies' organisation?" - LLOYD'S LIST MARITIME ASIA, Winter 2006, pp 27-28 'Pappadakis: "no link" with indicted Kassian'. "Shipping industry luminary Nicky Pappadakis through a legal spokesman has underlined that the shipowner has no involvement with Kassian Maritime Navigation, the latest shipping company to be charged in the US with alleged offences relating to oil discharges and the onboard oil record book. Speculation about the relationship between Mr Pappadakis and Kassian arose at the end of last week after the US Justice Department announced a three-count indictment relating to operation of the panamax bulk carrier North Princess." - LLOYD'S LIST, 14 March 2007 (Vol. 59377) , p. 3 'IMO to decide on coating standard for void spaces'. "The draft of a new performance standard for corrosion-protective coatings for void spaces on bulk carriers and oil tankers is ready for adoption by the International Maritime Organization in October, but IMO opinion remains split on its possible mandatory status. Last week's IMO sub-committee on ship design and equipment also could not agree on a categorisation of void spaces. This lack of consensus has implications for deciding which specific void spaces should be subject to the new standard. " - LLOYD'S LIST, 15 March 2007 (59378) , p. 5 'Editorial: Coating standards, steady on'. "As a golden jubilee event worthy of a festive mood, last week's 50th session of the International Maritime Organization's ship design and equipment sub-committee was more like the usual hard slog. While a draft text was completed for a new coating performance standard for corrosion protection of void spaces pertaining to the steel structure on bulk carriers and oil tankers, it could not command the necessary consensus." - LLOYD'S LIST, 16 March 2007 (No. 59379) , p. 7 'Tsavliris pulls off Golden Sky mission "impossible"'. "Greek salvage group Tsavliris appears to have pulled off a coup in the Baltic, successfully refloating the bulk carrier Golden Sky which ran hard aground five miles off Ventspils in January. Earlier, experts argued that the operation, which took place in harsh, sub-zero conditions, would prove "impossible"." - LLOYD'S LIST, 21 March 2007 (No.59382) , p 3 'Salvors mull extra help for Pasha Bulker'. "Salvors working to free the grounded panamax bulk carrier Pasha Bulker from a beach at Newcastle in eastern Australia are weighing up plans to bring in an anchor-handling vessel to help with the recovery operation. The move was confirmed yesterday by Newcastle Port Corp chief executive Gary Webb who said: "The use of a vessel capable of carrying large, heavy salvage anchors is also being considered."" - LLOYD'S LIST, 13 June 2007 (No.59438) , p 4

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'New standards to protect against corrosion'. "Graham Marshall describes the assistance class can provide as application to tankers and bulk carriers ordered to the Common structural Rules (CSR) nears" - SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, May 2007 (Vol.208, No.4233) , pp 24-26 'Recent casualties plant focus on elderly vessels'. "Soaring dry-bulk rates are keeping the ageing capesize and panamax fleets alive and trading with possible safety problems on the horizon. Two casualties this year raised concerns over the potential dangers in the ageing bulker fleets. In June, the 27-year-old, 61,000-dwt Clinker Carrier (built 1980) sank off Mumbai while loaded with coal waste. The ship had changed hands for $13m just six weeks earlier. It had been through its special fifth survey in 2005 and was fully in class with French classification society Bureau Veritas. This was quickly followed in the same month by the loss of the South Korean-controlled, 43,000-dwt Orchid Sun (built 1985) off Oman in heavy weather, leaving 12 missing. " - TRADEWINDS, 7 September 2007 (Vol.18, No.36) , p 3 'Class considers safety record'. "Incidents such as the Pasha Bulker grounding in June have concentrated minds within class societies" - FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, September 2007 (Issue 132) , p 12 'Break bulk : New flame under the knife'. "GREEK salvor Tsavliris is poised to begin the next phase of the New Flame salvage operation off Gibraltar, writes Nigel Lowry in Athens. It will remove the partly-submerged bulker that stranded after a collision with a tanker in August. The company estimates it can begin cutting the vessel, which cannot be extracted whole due to structural damage, in the next few days. - LLOYD'S LIST, 5 October 2007 (Issue No. 59,519) , p. 1 'Intercargo says age not "key indic ator" of ship safety'. "The dry-bulk fleet is ageing while the market booms and structural deficiencies persist among older ships, according to the latest statistics from industry association Intercargo. But it says the situation should improve. Intercargo's report, called Benchmarking Bulk Carriers 2007, found that the average age of the fleet rose from 14.76 years in 2005 to 14.91 years last year." - TRADEWINDS, 5 October 2007 (Vol. 18/No. 40) , p. 47 '"Evangelia" slips through the cracks'. "Shipping is supposed to have cleaned up its act and emerged as a safe modern industry. And yet in these times when rates have never been so high and owners more prosperous, there are still plenty of ships that hark back to the bad old days. One such vessel has been caught out by European port-state control (PSC). TradeWinds reports on the detention of a panamax bulker the Evangelia (built 1982) found in a condition so bad that it made the crew ill." - TRADEWINDS, 21 October 2007 (Vol.18, No.41) , p 2 'Cutting it fine New Flame warning'. "Salvors waiting to cut the stranded bulker New Flame in two have given the Gibraltar government until tomorrow evening to allow the operation to proceed. Tsavliris Salvage warned that an expected window of good weather early next week could be the last chance to remove two-thirds of the vessel safely. Otherwise work may be postponed until spring, while the New Flame, may break up by itself, endangering navigation." - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 October 2007 (No.59,528) , p 1 'Diamond I sinks following collision'. "A Greek dry bulk carrier sank after it collided with a general cargo vessel off the northern port of Thessaloniki yesterday morning, Greece's Merchant Marine Ministry said, writes Paul Tugwell in Athens. The Panamanian-flagged Dubai Guardian, which was carrying 46,000 tonnes of nickel ore, rammed the Greek-flagged Diamond I as it was approaching Thessaloniki port. The reason for the accident, which resulted in the sinking of the Diamond I, is still unknown. The 1969-built Greek ship had just set sail from Thessaloniki and was transporting 1,470 tonnes of lignite coal." - LLOYD'S LIST, 18 October 2007 (No.59,528) , p 3 '"Rustbucket" is back on the job'. "The 25-year-old "ruskbucket" panamax bulker Evangelia , which was highlighted by the Paris MOU, is trading under a new name and management company.European port-state-control (PSC) authorities branded the bulker a "rustbucket" after the ship was detained in Hamburg for 17 days in August and found to be in poor condition." - TRADEWINDS, 19 October 2007 (Vol. 18/No. 42) , p. 12 '"Whistleblower" seafarers get fine rewards'. "A US court has awarded a Filipino cook and a wiper a total of $460,000 for a "whistle-blowing" about the illicit oily waste dumping from a Maltese-flag bulk carrier" - TELEGRAPH, October 2007 (Vol. 40/No. 10) , p. 14 'Special Report: Greek Bulk'. "Special report." - LLOYD'S LIST, 29 October 2007 (No.59,535) , pp 13-21