Monitoring and Evaluation of Investment in NRM Living Laboratories Thursday May 31 st 2007.
Building Living Laboratories of the Future
description
Transcript of Building Living Laboratories of the Future
Building Living Laboratories of the Future
Invited Plenary Talk
The Society for College and University Planning
San Diego, CA
July 17, 2002
Dr. Larry Smarr
Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies
Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD
California’s Institutes for Science and Innovation
UCSBUCLA
California NanoSystems Institute
UCSF UCB
California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology,
and Quantitative Biomedical Research
UCI
UCSD
California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology
Center for Information Technology Research
in the Interest of Society
UCSC
UCDUCM
www.ucop.edu/california-institutes
Cal-(IT)2 -- An Integrated Approach to Research on the Future of the Internet
www.calit2.net
220 UCSD & UCI FacultyWorking in Multidisciplinary Teams
With Students, Industry, and the Community
Over Fifty Industrial Partners
• Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime– Broadband Speeds
– Cellular Interoperating with Wi-Fi
• Billions of New Wireless Internet End Points– Information Appliances (Including Cell Phones)
– Sensors and Actuators
– Embedded Processors
• Broadband Becomes a Mass Market– Homes and Business Buildings
• Enormous Bandwidth Optical Backbones
The Internet Is Going to Be “Always-On”
Broadband Wireless Internet Infrastructure is Emerging Today
• Wireless Internet “Hot Spots”– IEEE 802.11 b,a– Access Ports to Wired Internet
– Real Broadband--11 mbps Going to 54 mbps– Security and Authentication can be Added
• Cellular Internet is Rolling Out– CDMA2000 1xEV-DO
– South Korea SKT & KTF See Fast Growth– Verizon, Sprint Introduce This Summer
– WCDMA & GPRS– Japan NTT DoCoMo FOMA Launched Oct 2001
“The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed”
William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer
Samsung
Soon The Internet Will Be Available Throughout the Physical World
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Mobile Internet
Fixed Internet
Subscribers (millions)
Source: Ericsson
Using Students to Invent the Futureof Widespread Use of Wireless Pocket PCs
• Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment 2001-02– Computer Science & Engineering Undergraduates
– 500+ Wireless-Enabled HP Pocket PCs at UC San Diego – 50 Compaq Pocket PCs at UC Irvine
• Currently Using Local Area Network Wireless Internet• Experiments with Geo-location and Interactive Maps
Cal-(IT)2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD; Rajesh Gupta, UCI
UC San Diego
UC Irvine
ActiveClass: Asking a Question
1. Click in box
2. Type question
3. Click Submit
1. Click in box
2. Type question
3. Click Submit
Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD
ActiveClass: Asking a Question
Also Polls and Class Ratings
Also Polls and Class Ratings
Question is posted
Others can vote on it
Question is posted
Others can vote on it
• Used in CSE 12, Our 2nd Programming Course
• 200 Students in Two Sections
• Continuing This Term
Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD
Geolocation Is Likely to Be an Early New Wireless Internet Application
• Methods of Geolocation– GPS chips– GPS signal– Triangulation– Bluetooth
Beacons– Gyro chips
Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD
UCSD ActiveCampus – Outdoor Map
Experimenting with the Future -- Wireless Internet Video Cams & Robots
Computer Vision and Robotics Research LabMohan Trivedi, UCSD, Cal-(IT)2
Mobile Interactivity Avatar
Linked by Qualcomm 1xEV Cellular Internet
Useful for Highway Accidents
or Disasters
However, Broad Debate Is Needed to Avoid Citizen Revolt Against Privacy Violations
Local Wi-Fi Can Be Linked With Wide Area Cellular Internet
• First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet– UCSD Jacobs School Antenna
– First Beta Test Site
• Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble”– Tested on CyberShuttle
– Joint Project with Campus– From Railway to Campus at 65 mph!
Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point
www.calit2.net/news/2002/4-2-bbus.html
Creating a Mobile BubbleWith a Briefcase…
Why Optical NetworksAre Emerging as the 21st Century Driver
Scientific American, January 2001
Closing in on the Dream
“Using satellite technology…to demowhat It might be like to have high-speed fiber-optic links between advanced computers in two different geographic locations.”
― Al Gore, SenatorChair, US Senate Subcommittee on Science, Technology and Space
“What we really have to do is eliminate distance between individuals who want to interact with other people and with other computers.”
― Larry Smarr, DirectorNational Center for Supercomputing Applications, UIUC
SIGGRAPH 89Science by Satellite
Source: Maxine Brown, EVL, UIC
Boston
Illinois
Many National Science Facilities Require Distributed Storage and Computing
National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure
Part of the UCSD CRBS Center for Research on Biological Structure
Biomedical Informatics Research Network
(BIRN)NIH Plans to Expand
to Other Organs and Many Laboratories
Some Scientific Applications Require Experimental Optical Networks
• Large Data Challenges in Neuro and Earth Sciences– Each Data Object is 3D and Gigabytes– Data are Generated and Stored in Distributed Archives– Research is Carried Out on Federated Repository
• Requirements– Computing Requirements PC Clusters– Communications Dedicated Lambdas– Data Large Peer-to-Peer Lambda Attached Storage – Visualization Collaborative Volume Algorithms
• Response– OptIPuter Research Project
Compute + Data + Viz Grid: LambdaGrid Building Block
• Consider a Canonical Building Block– Cluster: 16 – 128 Nodes (160GF – 1.2 TF)– Storage: 0.5TB – 10 TB– Visualization: Desktop, Wall, Panoram
Commodity GigE Switch
External Access
switch switch
switchswitch
• Cluster – Disk
• Disk – Disk
• Viz – Disk
• DB – Cluster
• Cluster – Cluster
School of Med
Chemistry, Engineering, Arts
SDSCSIO
Oracle
DB
S
erver
switch
DWDMSwitch
Logical ConnectionsCentral DWDM Switch
½ Mile
The UCSD LambdaGrid “Living Laboratory”
SIO
SDSC
CRCA
Keck
SOM
JSOE Cal-(IT)2
Preuss
6th College
Phase I, Fall 02
Phase II, Jan. 03
Metro Optically Linked Visualization Walls
• Driven by SensorNets Data– Real Time Seismic– Environmental Monitoring – Emergency Response– Distributed Corporations
• Linked UCSD and SDSU– Dedication March 4, 2002
Linking Control Rooms
Cox, Panoram,SAIC, SGI, IBM,
TeraBurst NetworksSD Telecom Council
UCSD SDSU44 Miles of Cox Fiber
CENIC and CISI Plan to Create a Dark FiberExperimental and Research Network
Figure 2: SoCal Optical Research and Experimental Network
The SoCal Component
Creating Metro, Regional, State, National, and Planetary Optical Networking Laboratories
Vancouver
Seattle
Portland
San Francisco
Los Angeles
San Diego(SDSC)
NCSA
SURFnet CERNCA*net4
AsiaPacific
AsiaPacific
AMPATH
PSC
Atlanta
CA*net4
Source: Tom DeFanti and Maxine Brown, UIC
NYC
TeraGrid DTFnet
CENIC
Pacific LightRail
Chicago
UICNU
USC
UCSD, SDSUUCI
From Telephone Conference Calls to International Video Meetings
Access Grid Lead-ArgonneNSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab
Broadband Networking Enables New Cyber Arts
• UCSD/UCI Computer Gaming Initiative• Computing As Social Space• High Resolution Graphics and Audio • Humans Interacting with Virtual Realities
UC San Diego UC Irvine
Internet Linked Pianos
Cal-(IT)2 Is Designing Two New Buildings
Johnson Fain Partners
Design Approval by UC RegentsJuly 19, 2001
UC Irvine120,000 GSF
How Wireless and Optical RevolutionsImpact Design of Campus Buildings
• Will Create Unique Facilities– Clean Rooms for Nanotech– Computer Arts & Virtual Reality– Wireless and Optical Networking– Interdisciplinary Teams
Bioengineering
Cal-(IT)2 UC San Diego220,000 GSF
May 31, 2002
Building Was Designed For Radio Frequency Transparency
• Wireless Communication Trends– Greater Transmission Bandwidth Drives Move To Higher Frequencies
– From 900 MHz To 1900 MHz (Cellular Systems)– 2.4 GHz To 5.8 GHz (Unlicensed Band)– LMDS (31 To 31.3 GHz) On The Horizon
– Wavelength Of Radio Waves At 3GHz Is 10 cm– LMDS Band Wavelength Is Approximately 1 cm
• Building Implications– Signal Absorption Increases– Propagation Tends To Be Line Of Sight
– Ceiling Mounted Access Points– Clear Paths Through Hallways To The Exterior– Floor-To-Floor Vertical Cavities
– Multiple Reflections Constructive Or Destructive Interference– Minimize Use Of Sharp Metallic Ducts Or Furniture
•
Source: Ramesh Rao, Cal-(IT)2 and NBBJ
Creating Wireless Propagation Guides to Minimize Interference
Zoning for Ubiquitous Wireless Coverage
Provide For Greater Frequency ReuseUsing Pico Cellular Architecture
Building Materials Were Chosen To Maximize Radio Penetration
• Exterior Wall– Clear Glazing– Trespa Wall Panels
• Interior Walls– Glazed Office Walls– Clerestory
The Cal-(IT)2 Buildings AreDesigned to Support Virtual Teams
Flexibility:Labs
Or Offices
Mix of Office Types:Carrels and Traditional
“Live” Visual Internet Walls
Everywhere
Modular Approach for Flexible Fiber and Wireless Connectivity
Wireline Internet Access And Power Drops Every 30 Ft
Essential Utilities
Water Gas Electricity Bandwidth
The 4th Utility
Source:Matt Spathas, SENTRE Partners
Should Bandwidth Be the 4th Utility?
Building Bandwidth Connectivity is Exponentially Increasing
• 2002– Campus Backbone is Gigabit Ethernet 1 Thousand Megabits/sec
• 2005– Cal-(IT)2 UCSD Building – More than 100 Fiber Strands to Building– Assuming 1 Lambda per Fiber Using 10 Gigabit Ethernet 1 Million Megabits/sec
• 2008– Assuming 100 Lambdas per Fiber 100 Million Megabits/sec
Comparison: Highest Bandwidth into San Diego Commercial Building is 45 Megabits/sec