Building Feature Evaluation anc - dtsc-ssfl.com · as described in this SOP for those buildings not...

-9 ,Building Feature Evaluation an cSanta Susana Field Laboratory

Ventura County, California

Prepared for :

The Boeing Company,

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ,

The United States Department of Energ y

Prepared by :

MWH Americas, Inc.

and

CH2M HILL

July 2008

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Section Page

Contents . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .> . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

Acronyms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . . . ... . . . . . . . ... . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . ... .. . . . . . . .,. .. . . . .ii

Introduction and Background .. . . . . . ... . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .1-1

2.

1 .1 SOP 0vervie\\ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11 .2 SOP Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21 .3 SOP Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Evaluation and Inspection of Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.1 Records Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2 .2 Building Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

3. Building Categorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13 .1 Buildings with No Chemical Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3 .2 Buildings With Chemical Use and Likely Impacted EnvironmentalMedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3 .3 Buildings VVitli Chemical Lse and Potentially Impacted EnvironmentalMedia, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

4. Sampling and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 .1 Sampling and Analysis Criteria . : .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1.1 Buildings Not Planned for Demolition . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1.2 Buildings Planned for Demolition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14.2 Field Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.2.1 Field Inspection and Headspace Screening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24.2.2 Soil Sampling and ,-Anal\ sus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.2.3 Delineation Investigation and Removal Action Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44.3 Analytical Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

5. Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Table1 Summary of Standard Operating Procedures for Building Evaluatio n

FiguresBuilding Feature Lyaluation Process Flow Chart : Buildings Not Planned fo rDemolition

2 Building Feature Evaluation Process Flow Chart : Buildings Planned For Demolitio n

AppendixA Building Feature Inspection Informatio n

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES : BUILDING FEATURE EVALUATION AND SAMPLING I

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bgs below ground surface

Boeing The Boeing Company

CMI Correcti\ e Measure Implementation

CMS Correcti\e Measures Study

DOE United States Department of Energy

DTSC Department of Toxic Substances Control

EIR Environmental Impact Report

GPS global positioning system

HSP Health and Safety Plan

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administratio n

no further actio n

no further investigatio n

NPDES National Pollulant Dischai ge Elimination Sv stei n

PAH poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

PCB polychlorinated biphenyl

PID photoionization detecto r

QAPP Quality Assurance Project Plan

RBSL risk-based screening leve l

RCRA Resource Conservation and Recoyery Ac t

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Investigation

SIM selective ion monitoring

SOP Standard Operating Procedure

SSFL Santa Susana Field Laboratory

SVOC sernivolatile organic compound

TPH total petroleum hydrocarbon

VOC volatile organic compound

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES : BUILDING FEATURE EVALUATION AND SAMPLING i i

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This document, entitled Standard Operating Procedures . Building Feature Evaluation andSampling (Building Evaluation SOI'), presents the procedures for evaluating ensironmentalconditions associated with existing buildings, concrete pads left from previously removedbuildings, and adjacent building support infrastructure at the Santa Susana Field Laboratoi),(SSFL) in Ventura County, California . This document has been prepared for The BoeingCompany (Boeing), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and theUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) to suppo rt the SSFL building decommissioningand demolition program .

Concurrently with the building demolition work, eny irommental conditions associated with

the buildings, concrete pads, and adjacent supporting infrastructure at SSFL are being

evaluated as part of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) FacilityInvestigation (RFI) Corrective Action program , and the information collected as part of thisSOP will be incorporated into the RCRA reports . The RCRACorrective Action program isnow in the insesti-ation stage, with future remedial actions planned . Depending on the

timing of the ens ironmental assessment acti\ ities described herein, the information gathered

will be incorporated into the RFI, Corrective Measures Study (CMS), or Corrective MeasuresImplementation (CMI) reports as appropriate and provided to the Department of Toxic

Substances Control (DTSC) .

As described in this document, some sampling vti ill be performed before building demolition,

some will be deferred until after building foundation removal , and some \\ ill be performed atbuildings that are not planned for demolition (for the purposes of the SOP, the term"building" includes concrete pads and adjacent or nearby supporting infrastructure). ThisSOP allows for the collection and analysis of samples that will be used for the timely

completion of the RFI so that the overall RFI process will not be compromised .

Through the implementation of this SOP, environmental conditions at all existing buildings,concrete pads , and adjacent or nearby suppo rting infrastructure will be evaluated prior tofinal RFI decision making . The timing of sampling will depend on the likelihood of impact,and the results will be incorporated into the RCRA reports .

SOP OverviewThis SOP presents the approach for building feature inspection and sampling activities thatwill be performed as part of the RFI process as it relates to the decommissioning anddemolition program for buildings, concrete pads, and nearby supporting infrastructurecurrently onsite .This document describes the standard methodology for identifying buildingfeatures and process areas where chemicals were potentially used , documenting theconditions of those features, and, if warranted, collecting samples to assess environmenta limpacts .

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES : BUILDING FEATURE EVALUATION AND SAMPLING 1- 1

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IINTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUN D

Many of the existing buildings, concrete pads, and adjacent supporting infrastructure at theSSFL are planned for decommissioning and demolition . During decommissioning anddemolition, buildings , foundations , sub-slab features (e .g ., sumps, drains), and utilities willbe removed . The removal of these facilities presents a unique opportunity to inspect, screen,and/or sample the soil directly beneath the facilities. Furthermore, many of the existingfacilities significantly hinder sample collection and/or assessment of potential impacts relatedto interior features, such as floor drains, sumps, and pipelines . Therefore, rather than attemptto core through thick or reinforced building slabs or sample in otherwise inaccessible areas, athorough inspection of the building interior will be performed to document featurespotentially associated with chemical uses. Furthermore, prior to the demolition of buildingswith known or potential chemical uses, samples will be collected prior to demolition outsid ethe buildings where the sevv er or drain lines exit the buildings .

However, some RFl sampling within existing buildings prior to demolition is warranted toaddress areas of known or suspected significant releases to the environment . Therefore,

samples will be collected inside buildings prior to demolition if significant chemical releasesare known to have existed inside the building and either (I) visible damage to a sub-slab

feature (e .g., a sump or drain) indicates that a release to the environment has occurred, or (2)there are known soil ~ apor and/orgroundwater impacts centered at or near the building, with

no other source identified . In other cases where an em ironmental impact I s less likely, RFI

samples will not be collected from existing buildings pri or to demolition . Rather, sampleswill be collected surrounding the building before demolition and additional inspection and/or

sampling beneath existing building features will be performed during/after building

demolition .

Some buildings may remain onsite depending on the final land use plans for the SSFLproperty . Because of this uncertainty, this SOP also describes the criteria and methodologiesfor evaluating environmental site conditions in areas where buildings may remain onsite .

This SOP includes building evaluation under the following scenarios :

Environmental assessment during /after building demolition

Environmental assessment prior to building demolition

■ Environmental assessment for buildings not planned for demolition

The approach for evaluating each building vv ill depend on the likelihood of impact as well aswhether a building is planned for demolition . Figure 1 shows the building evaluation processas described in this SOP for those buildings not scheduled for demolition , and Figure 2shows the building evaluation process for buildings that are scheduled for demolition .

1 .2 SOP ObjectivesThe procedures presented in this Building Evaluation SOP have been developed toaccomplish the following objectiv es :

■ Complete a preliminary evaluation to identify existing buildings where chemicalreleases may have resulted in impacts to environmental media.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES : BUILDING FEATURE EVALUATION AND SAMPLING 1-2

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■ Determine whether environmental impacts are present beneath and/or in the vicinityof those buildings .

■ If present, characterize the nature and extent of identified environmental impactssufficient to support the ongoing RFI activities, including risk assessment and CMSdecision making .

■ if present, mitigate significant impacts on an expedited basis, as appropriate .

■ Avoid impacts to the 2017 project closure schedule .

Since the building re% iews and sampling will be conducted in a thorough manner as proposedin this SOP, the RFI process will not impact the 2017 project completion schedule . The mainitems included in this SOP that will allow for the meeting of this schedule are as follows :

• Historical document review s along with physical inspection and documentation of allbuilding features , and inclusion of results in the RFI reports ;

• Timely characterization of the most likely impacted areas prior to RFI reporting,

including sampling within building footprints prior to demolition, if appropriate ;

•Characterizationof areas surrounding building footprints of potentially impacte dareas , allowing for appropriate identification of chemicals of concern an ddetermination of order of magnitude impact estimates for CMS and EIR planning ;

• Oversightand inspection by trained professionals during demolition activities'allowing for the identification of 1)1iously unknown impacts and the incorporation

of data for theimpacted areas into the RCRl process . and

• Incorporation of new information obtained for areas that are less likely to be impactedinto the RCRA process as the new data are collected . Data collected during laterphases will be reviewed with DTSC, and as warranted, cleanup plans will bemodified and implemented .

These procedures were developed in consideration of the necessary steps of the RCRACorrective Action process, which will continue to be performed under DTSC oversight .

1 .3 SOP OrganizationThis Building Evaluation SOP is organized as follows :

■ Section 1 presents an o\ er\ ie\\ and the objectives of the SOP .

■ Section 2 describes the preliminary building evaluation process, which consists of1c\ l e\\ i N" records and inspecting the buildings to identify areas that warrant furtlie rinvestigation .

■ Section 3 presents the approach for categorizing buildings so that sampling andanalysis can be planned

Section 4 presents the approach for sampling building features to evaluateenvironmental conditions for the RFI


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■ Section 5 discusses the incorporation of information about building features into th eRF1 reports .

The SOP contains one appendix :

Appendix A - Bull ding Feature Inspecti on Informal 01 1


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This section describes activities that will be performed to identify historical chemical usesand potential environmental impacts at and near the existing buildings, concrete pads, andnearby supporting infrastructure at the SSFL prior to demolition . The evaluation, whichincludes a review of historical documents and an onsite visual inspection, will be performedto identify (1) historical processes both outside and within the buildings, (2) building featuresthat may have associated chemical uses, and (3) significant chemical releases to theenvironment (i .e ., soil, surface ~ti ater, or ground\\ ater) .

Although the data gap assessment process for the SSFL RFlhas always addressed chemicaluses both inside the buildings and in the surrounding areas, the DTSC has requested a moredetailed evaluation of sub-slab internal building features (e .g ., sumps, pipelines, sinks,drains) vv ithin existing buildings onsite . Presented below are descriptions of the standardprocedures associated with this expanded scope .

2.1 Records ReviewThe first step in the building feature eyaluation process is to perform a comprehensive reviewof available historical site documents generated during facility operations or in subsequentenvironmental investigations to identify known or potential chemical use areas . Buildingscan hay e records dating bacl: to the 1940s, During the review of this information, which hasbeen compiled onto the document database, significant building interior features (e .g .,clarifiers, equipment Vaults) that may have associated chemical uses will be identified . Inaddition to identifying these larger features, the records will also be reviewed to identifysmaller features such as sumps, drains, and pipelines if used to support chemical processoperations. During the records rev iew, the location, use, and chronological history of eachfeature will be determined in preparation for the building inspection (Section 2 .2) . Inaddition, historical site assessment data will be reviewed to determine whether there areknown impacts in areas surrounding the buildings. The building evaluation process \% illinclude reN iewing the following information :

Historical documents, including RCRAmemoranda, and letters

and non-RCRA work

■ Tank inventories, including underground and aboveground storage tanks

■ Building invento ri es design drawings , and demolition report s

■ Transformer records and associated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) sampling result s

Spill record s


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2 EVALUATION AND INSPECTION OF EXISTING BUILDING S

■ Soil, groundwater, vapor, and surface water analytical data, including stormwate r'i .e .,National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System [NPDES ]) data and quarterlygroundwater monitoring results

■ Field sampling logs and map s

Site photographs

Waste characterization and disposal records

Site inspection finding s

■ Historical inter\ ie\\ records

In addition to reviewing available historical documents , current site personnel may beinterviewed regarding their knowledge of current and histo rical site operations . The resultsof these interviews mll be fully documented considered during the selection of samplinglocations and analyses . and uploaded to a document database .

2.2 Building InspectionOnce the SSFL records have been searched for relevant information, and after the availablehistorical data have been compiled and the known or potential chemical use areas have been

identified for the existing buildings and adjacent supporting infrastructure, inspections willbe performed to (I) confirm and document the locations of known features, (?) identify

undocumented features, and (3) ev alLiate the current condition of each visible or accessible

feature As requested by DTSC, additional photographs will be taken of exterior and interiorperspectives of the building and the building features . For each feature, a building feature

documentation log will be completed, a photograph of the feature will be taken, and the

location will be documented using a hand-held global positioning system (GPS) unit or bymeasuring from a reference point having known or measurable GPS coordinates, such as a

building corner . The locations of concrete pad features, including cuts and stains, will alsobe identified and mapped . If a building or pad has no identifiable features. a log will be

prepared to document the absence of features . Features that cannot be visibly inspected prior

to building demolition (e .g., sub-grade pipelines) will be addressed as described in Section 4 .

Items that will be recorded during the building feature inspection include the following .

Additional details regarding information to be collected are presented in Appendix A .

Building feature location : RFI Reporting Group, RFI site name, and building numbe r

Feature Identification Number : Feature numbers will consist of the four-digi tbuilding number followed by a dash and a three-digit number (e .g., feature numbersfor Building 4133 will begin with the designation `4133-00 1" )

Feature type (e .g ., clarifier , equipment bay, pipeline [process, fuel, water, sewer,storm vva.ter], pump station, storage eault [chemical or radiological material], sink

[process, sanitary], sump, tank, trench, floor drain, manhole, shaft, patch [i .e . ,

unspecified removed feature,

■ Construction material (e .g., metal, concrete, plastic, asphalt )


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2 EVALUATION AND INSPECTION OF EXISTING BUILDING S

■ Size (e .g., volume [gallons or length/width/depth], ... pipe diameter, pipe length)

Operational use/process (e .g., conveyance; storage; containment of sanitary waste ,industrial v aste, water, or storm v titer)

Status (i .e ., active, flushed/cleaned, closed/inactive, abandoned in place/backfilled,

Open or closed system (i .e ., any discharge') )

renloyed)

■ Associated chemicals, if any, including indications of chemical use based on sigriag e

■ Condition (intact, cracked, broken, missing pieces)

Presence or absence of debris, odor, and stainin g

Concentration of volatile compounds in ambient air within sub-slab featuressumps, drains), as measured using a photo] onization detector (PID )

■ GPS coordinates (vertical and horizontal), or measured distance fro ilia GPS referencepoin t

SSFL facilities maintenance support personnel \\ill be contacted to assist in understandingpipeline connections, discharge directions, and/or exit locations from the buildings if thisinformation is not available in the historical record . If a feature contains water, attempts willbe made to deater the feature to allow inspection and documentation . If dewatering is notfeasible, the depth to water in the feature will be measured periodically to see if leakageoccurs .

The building feature documentation log will also include the inspector's name, inspectiondate and time, responsible party (Boeing, NASA, or DOE), photograph identification

number, and photograph orientation . Appendix A presents an example list of the information

that will be collected during building inspections . Data gathered during the building feature

inspections (Table A-1) will be included in the RFI reports as described in Section 5 .

Depending on historical site uses and observations made during the building inspections,samples may be collected inside and/or outside of the buildings prior to demolition as part ofthe ongoing RFIprogram (see Sections 3 and 4) . If so, sampling information (samplenumber, depth, analyses requested, etc .) will also be recorded and included on the associatedbuilding feature documentation log for inclusion in the RFI report (Section 5) .Recommendations for post-demolition sampling aye also specified . Sampling rationale isdetailed in Sections 3 and 4 .


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3. Building Categorization

the need to collect RFI samples at a building or adjacent supporting infrastructure willdepend on whether there are associated chemical uses and/or impacts at or near the building .Sampling within or near a building will be performed only if it has been determined thatchemicals ha\ e or might hay e been released, resulting in potential impacts to environmentalmedia beneath a building foundation . This determination will be made based on th efollowing :

Indications of known or suspected historical chemical use in the buildin g

■ The detection of chemicals in environmental media abo\ e background concentrationsor risk-based screeninglev els (RBSLs) in the area, if no known source of impact hasbeen identifie d

■ Other information gathered du ri ng the document review and /or building inspection

Based on thi s information, each building will be placed into one of three categories :

■ Buildings with no chemical us e

■ Buildings with chemical use and likely impacts to environmental media

■ Building with chemical use and potential impacts to enmironniental medi a

These building categories are described below .

3.1 Buildings with No Chemical Us eIf historical records indicate that no chemicals ere used at a building throughout its entirehistory, and if there are no sumps , drains, process sinks, or other suspect features obsen edinthe building or shown on historical building drawings, no sampling of environmental mediawill be performed , and a request for NF A or NFl will be documented in the RFI report alongwith rationale for the reduest and documentation regarding the absence of historical chemicaluse in the building (Section 5) . NFA will be requested when the building is not planned fordemolition , and NFI will be requested when the building is planned for demolition . In thelatter case, the building will be inspected during demolition for evidence of potential impact,as described in Section 4 , and if evidence of potential impact is identified , the building maybe placed back into the RFI program for further evaluation .

Buildings With Chemical Use and Likely Impacte dEnvironmental Medi a

Features that are highly degraded or compromised and likely toha,e resulted in significantimpacts to emironmental media will be considered " likely impacted ." The potential forimpact will be determined based on site documents (e .g ., spill records ), analytical data (e .g .


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3 BUILDING CATEGORIZATIO N

a soil vapor or groundwater plume centered near the building, with no other release sourc eidentified), and building inspection results (e .g., highly degraded or cracked sumps whereliquids would accumulate in the event of a release) . Likely impacted areas consist of areaswith degraded/compromised sub-slab features where liquids are likely to have accumulated(e.g., drains, sumps, laboratory sinks, manholes/shafts, vaults, trenches, etc . used to supportchemical process operations) and one or both of the following :

Known or suspected chemical uses

Known or documented spills of liquid s

Buildings features that are likely to ha\ e associated environmental impacts will be sample das described in Section 4 .

3.3 Buildings With Chemical Use and Potentially Impacte dEnvironmental Medi a

Features that are not highly degraded or compromised and have a potential for releases buthave no known environmental impacts will be considered "potentially impacted ." These wil linclude the following :

Buildings with intact sub-slab features and one or more of the following :

Known, suspected, or uncertain historical chemical use s

Known or documented spills of liquid s

Nearby areas with emiroinnentally impacted media and no other identifie d

■ Areas in which there are only minor visual or olfactory indications of possibleimpacts .

For potentially impacted areas, building features should not display highly degraded or

compromised construction material, processes and chemical uses should be consideredminimal to moderate, and historical sampling data should not show a strongly increasing

concentration gradient toward the building (with no other known source), otherwise the area

" likely impacted . Building fwill be consideredimpacts will be sampled as described in Section 4 .


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The purposes of the sampling and analysis program are to (1) e\alLiate the condition o fenvironmental media in areas of likely or potential impact, and (2) characterizeenvironmental impacts, if present . Following categorization of the buildings as described inSection 3, sampling locations and timing will be determined as outlined in Table 1, andanalyses will be selected as described in Section 4.3 .

4.1 Sampling and Analysis Criteri aAs discussed above, the need for sampling at each building will depend on historicalchemical use, while sample locations and timing will depend on the demolition plans for thebuilding. Once the likelihood of impact has been determined as described in Section th esampling approachwill be developed as outlined on Figures 1 and 2 . For buildings that arenot planned for demolition, sampling will be performed as indicated on Figure 1, and forbuildings that are planned for demolition, sampling will be performed as indicated onFigure 2 . Additional information regarding sample locations, timing, and analytical methodsare discussed below ,

4.1 .1 Buildings Not Planned for Demolitio nFigure l shows the process for evaluating buildings that are not planned for demolition . AsshoN\n, buildings with no historical chemical uses ~v ill not be sampled . However, samplingyvill be performed at buildings with potential or likely en~ironmental impacts . Samplelocations are described in Table 1 .

Building features with likely environmental impacts will be targeted for sampling inside thebuilding. Building features with potential emirommntal impacts will be targeted for

sampling at the building exit points of the features (e .g., may include pipeline exit points

doors, loadin(, docks) . At a minimum, at least one sample will be collected from outsideeach side of the building For buildings ~vith potential environmental impacts . one sample

will be collected inside the building beneath the building slab at the location most likely tohave em ironniental impact . If a building has no specific chemical use areas or features, the

inside sample will be collected at or near the center of the building . Likewise, if no chemical

use is indicated for the building (i .e., if an area is considered to be potentially impacted as aresult of known em irons ental impacts but no identified source), the inside sample will be

collected at or near the center of the building .

4.1 .2 Buildings Planned for Demolitio nFigure 2 shows the process for evaluating buildings that are planned for demolition . Asshown, buildings with no historical chemical uses will not be sampled . However, samplingwill be performed at building features with both potential and like emiromnental impacts .Likely impacted locations will be sampled inside the building before demolition, an d


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4 SAMPLING AIJDAIJALYSI S

potentially impacted locations will be sampled (1) prior to demolition at feature exit pointsaround the building, and (2) after demolition if warranted based on professional judgment .

The need for sampling will be evaluated based on building feature type, known or suspectedchemical use, documented spills, etc. Saniples vtiill be collected from the soil directly belowthe suspect feature at the location most likely to have been impacted . Each building featureidentified during the records review and site inspection (Section 2) will be inspected duringdemolition, and the need for sampling will be evaluated based on professional judgment, a sdiscussed in Section 4 .2 .

In addition to inspecting and sampling as warranted at known features identifiedduring thedocument review and site inspection, sampling will be performed at unplanned locations ifpotential impact is identified during demolition . For example, if soil appears to bepotentially impacted beneath a concrete pad feature such as a cut, a soil sample will b ecollected. Detailed inspection, evaluation, and sampling procedures are described below .

Field activities will include inspection during building demolition , field screening forpotential ens ironmental impacts, soil sampling at planned locations , and sampling atunplanned locations if warranted based on field conditions .

All field activities (headspace screening . soil sample collection , sample analysis, etc ) will beperformed according to the standard RFI procedures described in the DTSC-approvedRFI

work plan, I Iealth and Safety Plans (HSPs), Field SOPs , and Quality Assurance Project Plans(QAPPs), as well as any additional monitoring/field procedures required by the SSFL

contractor implementing this work .

4.2.1 Field Inspection and Headspace ScreeningBased on discussions with the SSFL management and its contractors, demolition is expectedto progress to a point where the building cladding walls and frames have been removed,

leaving only the floor slabs and the surrounding asphalt or concrete paN ement . A RCRA

team representative will be notified that slab removal is imminent, and vvill be present onsiteduring all building foundation remm al actions . Prior to demolition of the foundation, thebuilding feature documentation logs will be rev iewed for inspection points, GPS coordinates

and sampling requirements, if any . SSFL management will also notifyDTSC at least a week

in advance of the building foundation removal to,ive DTSC the optiori to be present ,

The floor slabs and pavement will then be broken and removed by the demolition contractor .Based on this approach to demolition, near-surface soil will be exposed almost eyclusiv elyduring the remov at of floor slabs, spread footings, and concrete or asphalt surface pav ing .However, indications of potential environmental impacts that are revealed as pavlng andbroken concrete are removed could be obliterated quickly thereafter by subsequentdemolition acti\ ities . Accordingly, the RCRA team representative will work as close to th econcrete/pa, dement removal equipment as is safely possible .

During the removal of floor slabs, surface paving, footings, and subsurface utilities, nearurface soil will be inspected, and environmental conditions will be systematically evaluated .

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES BUILDING FEATURE EVALUATION AND SAMPLING 4- 2

HDMSe00720076


All features identified during the preliminary evaluation ( i .e ., building and concrete padfeatures, drains, etc ., as described in Section 2) will be inspected, and general subsurfaceconditions will be logged and evaluated following slab removal . Once the soil has beenexposed , it will be inspected for indications of potential environmental impacts, withparticular attention at the building feature documentation points . Indications of potentialenvironmental impacts include :

Stained or discolored soils ,

Wet or saturated soils,

■ Odors in ambient air, and/or

■ Other previously unknown sub -slab features , such as "wet" subsurface utilities,sumps , or other features that might be indicative of past chemical use .

if an indication of a potential environmental impact is noted, the SSFL remediation team willimmediately alert the SSFL Demolition Project Coordinator, who will then notify the

demolition contractor foreman and prime contractor. Once alerted, the contractor will berequired to proceed with caution to minimize soil disturbance, hereby minimizing th e

mixing of potentially impacted soil with clean soil .

If potential impacts are identified during visual inspection, near-surface soil samples will be

collected for headspace screening for \ olatile organic compounds (VO('s) using a calibratedPID: Specifically, near-surface soil samples for headspace screening will be collected frompotentially impacted areas. Samples for headspace screening may also be collected at

randomly selected locations within each building footprint if appropriate based on historicalchemical uses in the area . The spacing and locations of samples collected for headspace

readings will be determined in the field based on professional judgment . Soil samples forheadspace screening vvillbe collected from at least 6 inches below ground surface (bgs) so

that they are representative of n situ soil conditions. The PID readings, date, time, andlocation of soil samples collected for headspace screening will be logged according to

standard RFI procedures .

4.2.2 Soil Sampling and Analysi sSamples will be collected at potentially impacted locations as described in Section 4 .21 . Inaddition, areas with visual and/or olfactory indications of possible impact and areas withelevated headspace PID readings will be sampled to assess environmental site conditions atpotentially impacted locations that are identified during demolition . Soil sampling vvillbeperformed as soon as it is possible to safely do so following the discovery of impact-, that is,once the surface paving is removed and potential impact is identified, demolition activitieswillpause in the area until soil sampling is completed .

Samples will be analyzed for the chemicals suspected to have been used in the building andadditional chemicals if warranted based on field observations . Samples will be collectedfollowing RFI processes and/or any subsequently approved procedures .


HDMSe00720077


4.2.3 Delineation Investigation and Removal Action Samplin gIf impact is confirmed based on laboratory results for samples collected around a building ,the lateral and vertical extent of impact ~tiill be assessed to meet standard RFI requirements(i .e., delineation of the volume of impacted environmental media to within an order of

magnitude, and identification of any additional potential chemicals of concern ) . This willprovide sufficient information for RFI decision making. If RFI decision making is uncertain(e .g., multiple lines of evidence suggesting a possible release inside a building at a potential

source), then limited sampling at features with potentialemiromnental impacts within the

building footprint may be performed if feasible prior to demolition to complete RFIcharacterization .

During the course of a delineation my estigation, it may become apparent that impacted soil ispresent. In such instances, the impact may be proposed to be removed in its entirety, iflocalized . If impacted soil is remo% ed under this circumstance, one or more confirmation soilsamples will be collected from the floor and/or walls of the excavation for verificationpurposes . The impacted soil removed from the excavation would be stockpiled orcontainerized and handled in accordance with applicable regulations. Any removal actionwill be documented in theappropriate report (Section 5

4.3 Analytical MethodsSample analyses will be selected consistent with the existing RFI approach, whereby samplesare tested for chemicals that are suspected to be present based on historical site uses andcurrent conditions . For areas with unspecified but suspected chemical use, samples will beanalyzed for a standard list of screening analyses including VOCs, total petroleumhydrocarbons [TPH], semivolatile organic compounds - selecti\ e ion monitoring[SVOC SIM], PCBs, metals, and pH . Soil . apor samples will be collected for VOCsanalysis if soil depth and building access allows . Soil matrix samples may also be collectedfor VOCs analysis depending on proj ect requirements .

For areas where the type of chemical use is documented, analyses will be selected based onknown or suspected historical chemical uses, field observations, and the location of theimpact. For example, dark staining and fuel hydrocarbon odors in a sample collected in ornear fuel facilities area would trigger analysis for TPH . Depending on the resulting TPHconcentration, analysis for SVOC SIM, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), PCBs, o rVOCs may also be performed .

Soil, soil vapor , and headspace sample collection and analysis will be performed according tothe standardRFI procedures described in the DTSC-approv edRFI vvork plans , HSPs, FieldSOPs, and QAPPs, as well as any additional monitoring/field procedures required by th eSSFL contractor implementing this wor k


HDMSe00720078

Information collected during the building e% aluation and sampling activities will beincorporated into the appropriate RCRA report, depending on when the buildings areevaluated and sampling is performed . In addition to the information typically presented inthe RFI reports, the reports will include building feature documentation logs an ddocumentation of removal actions, if any . Reporting will be as follows :

For RFI sites where buildings are demolished, building features are evaluated ,sampling is performed, and data are received prior to preparation of the draft or finalRFI report, the information collected will be incorporated into the RFI report .

■ If an RFI report has been finalized and the CNIS has not been started, new

information will be submitted in an addendum to the Final RF1Group Report . If

contaminated soil was detected and not removed during building demolition, or ifconfirmation sampling indicates the presence of residual impacts, the additiolial

information will be incorporated into the CMS recommendation for the RFI site, andthe CMS work plan will be amended as appropriate .

■ For RFI sites where (I) existing building areas are potentially impacted and (2)sampling data are limited to areas outside of the buildings, the RFI report willacknowledge that additional inspection and/or sampling will be performedduring/after building demolition. The report will also state that any additionalinformation collected during/after building demolition will be incorporated into theRFI process and submitted to DTSC for review once it becomes available . Thiscondition will apply whether or not the building area is included in the CMS :

■ If building e\-valuation orsamplimg results indicate that significant impacts are present,

the RF1 report may include CNIS recommendations for the impacted areas beneathexisting buildings . With respect to CMS recommendations, the report will alsodiscuss any uncertainties resulting from the postponement of sampling within

building footprints until after building demolition .

■ If building evaluation and sampling results indicate that there are no environmentalimpacts that contribute to unacceptable risk, and if the building is planned fordemolition, then NFI will be recommended for the building for the RFI . Furtherinspection and/or sampling will be performed following demolition, and the resultswill be provided to DTSC as aRCRA report addendum or i n a subsequent RFI report .If this situation occurs for a building nnith no demolition plans, then the report willrequest NFA for the RF1 and document historical building conditions and currentsampling results in the RFI report .

■ For buildings with no historical chemical use, no documented or observed releases,

no suspect building features, and no historical operational use prior to existing

building construction, the RFI report will include a request for NF A. The report will


HDMSe00720079

5 REPORTIN G

document the historical record and rationale for the NFA request, along withsufficient information to clearly demonstrate that the request is justified .

■ If building demolition is not planned and the sampling data and risk assessmen tresults indicate no unacceptable risk, the report will include a request for NFA. Thereport will document the historical building use and rationale for the NFA request,along with sufficient information to clearly demonstrate that the request is justified .

■ If a building is not scheduled for demolition and the sampling data and/or ris kassessment results indicate that a significant impact is present, the RFI report mayinclude CMS recommendations for the impacted area beneath the building .

■ information for existing buildings will be presented in the RFI report . This willinclude historical uses, inspection findings, sample results (if any), etc .

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES : BUILDING FEATURE EvALU/TIUUAND SAMPLING 5-2

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Table 1Summary of Standard Operating Procedures for Building and Feature Evaluatio n

Page 1 of 1

Standard Operating Procedures for Buildings and/or Feature s

Building Building With No Chemical Use Building/Featui i with Likely Impact to Environmental Media Building / Feature with Potential Impact to Environmental MediaStatus

No potential chemical use documented in facility records or during Feature degraded and chemical use known or suspected at feature or nearby Fcanu ~ intact and chemical use known or suspected it Lauer sir n~arb\

building inspection (see Section 3 .1 for details) location (see Section 3 .2 for details) loci i on (see Section 3 .3 for details )

Demolition • Determine historical building and feature uses haled on site • Document hi sturical builditw and future uses based on site recordsr • Document historical building and feature uses based on sit ecordsNot Planned records (Section '1 ) (fiecliou '1) (ti" lion ',I )

• InspectandducunientbinIdinaandfcitui~uses ind conditions • Inspect anddocunicIIIcaicuseandcondition (Section 2 .2) • lnspcdanddwnmitI~itUI use iidcondiuom(Sc IwI i(Section _2) • Collect samples hcmath &,I i k 1 IQ ilures where there is a high • (DuceI i~ s inplc uutsidc caeh side u1 Iic buildino . ii id sampling

• A crilc that building vicinity has i I .ii it cm inns i nlal likelihood of a I l ,is~ u) the cii ii niiient. (Section 4.1.1) ali~nis placed near budding Dorm n- and ur pipclim Hsu points, ifan yiiiipi tsfomunidentiliedsuiiic,(Section' .]) • Collect iIList n si nipi - IIti de side of the building, with (SC .ti ii 4.1 .1 )

•.. (u11 . tno samples (Se . I ion 1 sampling locations placed near buil ding openings and/or pipelinc .yit • (oll . I one sanipc inside huil,liii beneath the buildin slab al mos spoints . iI inc (S : lion 4 .11) 111vJv I rn i ion id here chemicals li re or miahl have be.n Use d

• It iirtpa .l iS . nlirnicd based an labura(oy results for thesampl- (>-tioni 4.1 .1 )

collected annnul the huilim ~ . assess the Iatei,i1 and c_i tic i1 eyIeni of • It no chenucal use is indic1ted .'011 .1 inside s,inil& it of Ileac center ofmined Io Ilieet Standard I :I I I IIIIIUmenc (i .e .. delineation I I the coIU 1k building (Se tI it 4 .1 .1 )(Aiiiipacted _Ilyironm_Il1a1 media Io iiilldn ill ii ter ul niagniuUde . and • IIirripactis conlirni-d based on lab n ilorc Iesulls lie one or Ilun cidentificatwni ul mc additional potential chemicals uI concern) samples collected around the I ull im ' . assess the lateral and c .1 ti .a l(Section 4 .2 . 3) extent of impact k, Ili-((an,hrd1.J I rcduircnicntc (i- . Llin_inion ot

the volume ofimpaded em irunmenlal media to within an order ofmagnitude, and i den IilI . ittunofany additional potential chemicals ofconcern) (Section 4.' .3 )

Demolition • Determine historical buildings and feature uses based on site • Document historical building and feature uses based on site • Document historical building and feature uses based on site recordsPlanned records (Section 2.1) records(S~ ~tion 2 .1) (Section ' .1 )

Inspect and document building and feature uses and conditions Inspect and document feature use and condition prior to demolition Inspect and document feature use and condition prior to demolition

prior to demolition (Se :ti,~n' .') (S~ciiin ") (SecG,m „ )

Verify that building vicinity has no known en', i ronmental • Ftioi to demolition, collect samples i\ ithin hu ildin_ it degraded features • Not lo &nwliti m. collect .imples around building at exit points ofimpacts from unidentified source (Section' . 1) inside the building (Section 4.1 .') potential i J ease teaun c .. ma\ include outside doors, in loading

• Ohacrw and document suhsurla,e soil c ndilions i t budding • D u r i n g demolition, observe ind d unnent subsnrlace suit conditions at dod, ii ii here pip_nia eyitthe building, etc .) (Section 4 .1.2) .during demolition (Scdnon 4.2 .1) feature to further assess suh .in I,i . . -nditio11 4 .' .1) During d,m,lition_ b .u and d-ument subsurface soil conditions atTf stainin Is obsei ~d odors are noted . h~adspace ,i~ening • 1)uringdemolition . usingprolcssional judgment' e~ aluale iihelhs fianire . (Sxlion 4_' 1 )results indicate 11 1,11 soil Iliac be impacted . ind i thwi~ are other additional samplingis i~ ail inlcd 'n ;n type ofl~atiii and dieniical use, • During iii Iiti n . usin, pI !Jssrunal judgment, evatu: k iv i therindications Ill potemial chemical use oriuipacl . collect samples precious sampling results, soilstaining/odor, etc . (Seellons 4 .'' .1and sampling is v\ananl~dgi\en t}p~ off~ature andcheriiical use . previou s(Section 4 _ ' _ ' ) 4 . ' ' sampling molt, . soil i a i n i o L 2 nd i I .. . (Sections 4' .1 ind4_'_' )

If no evidence of impact is noted, collect no samples .(Section 3 .1 )

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURESi: BUILDING EVALUATION AND SAMPLING

Review HistoricalDocuments &

Document Findings

Inspect Buildings &Document Findings

Sample inside Bldg . atlikely release area

- Sample outside Bldg . atlikely release points(may include pipeline/sewer exits , doors, etc . )

-Use professional judgmentto assess release(inside/ outside Bldgs )

- Sample outside Bldg . atlikely release area s(may include pipelinelsewe rexit points, doors, etc. )

- Collect one Sampleinside buildin g

- Four samples outside oneach side of Bldg . atpotential release areas(may include pipelinesewer exits , doors , etc .)

MW HSANTA SUSANA FIELD LABORATOR Y

VENTURA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

BUILDING FEATURE EVALUATIO N

zPROCESS FLOW CHART:

BUILDINGS NOT PLANNED FOR DEMOLITIO NFIGURE 1

Review HistoricalDocuments &

Document Findings

1

Inspect BuildingsDocument Findings

7 Were YesChemicals

Usedor

Potentially Used ?

No

Likely

- Sample inside Bldg . atYes likely release area

- Sample outside Bldg . atlikely release points(may include pipeline/sewer exits , doors, etc. )

0s Likely\j Release

AreaAccessible?

Howlikely i s

the impact?

I Potentia l

/Corrective YesMeasures

Studywarranted

based on risk? '

No

-Use professional judgmentto assess release(inside/ outside Bldgs)

- Sample outside Bldg . atlikely release points(may include pipeline/sewer exits, doors, etc . )

Sample outside Bldg . atpotential release areas(may include pipeline/sewerexit points, doors, etc . )

CorrectiveNI Measure s

Study

Inspectsub-slabconditions fo r- Staining/ odor- PID hit s- New sub-surf .

features

locationsif ally)

Ye sCorrectiv eMeasures

Studywarranted

based on ri s

No Further No FurtherInvestigation Action

SANTA SUSANA FIELD LABORATOR YVENTURA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

BUILDING FEATURE EVALUATIO N

z

Sample at►̀l~ - Planned locations

- Newly identified

PROCESS FLOW CHART:BUILDINGS PLANNED FOR DEMOLITIO N

FIGURE 2

Building Feature Inspection Information

HDMSe00720084

Information gathered during the building feature inspections will be recorded in the fieldprimarily using hand-held personal computers or laptop computers . Hovvevec, as a backup in theevent that computer problems are encountered or vveatber conditions are such that hand -held orlaptop computers cannot be used, the necessary information will be noted in a field log book oron a separate field form . Table A- I presents the list of information that will be collected duringthe building inspections . and this information will be reported as a Building FeatureDocumentation Log and included in the RFl reports as described in Section 5 .

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES ; BUILDING FEATURE EVALUATION AND SAMPLING

HDMSe00720085

Table A-1Building Feature Inspection Checklist, Pre-Demolition Building Evaluation

(page 1 of 2)

RF IReporting RFI Site Owner Building Building Building Feature Construction Operational Any Associated Conditio n

Group Name (B, N, or D ) Number Name Use Number Feature Type Material(s) Size Use/Process Discharge? Status Chemicals (damaged , etc.) Debris Observed Odor Stainin gSanitary waste

1A Boeing I#$M 1### 001 Clarifier Metal PiPc Pirmeter (inches)conve ance

Yes 'rih . None Intact Yes Yes Ye s

1B NASA 2#$M 2### 001 Egmpment8ay/l%ault Concrete PII . Sih (feet) :Sanitary waste

ontamment/sh r eNo Fhi,L .l Lw .J Solvents Cracked No No No

Industrial wastw2 DOE 3##ik 3### 001 Pipeline : Petroleum Fuel Plastic Area I ,, xH in inches)

.1 ard,lnacri Metals Broken Description: Description Color

veya i

Industrtal waste Abandoned in Place3 4### 4#NN 001 Pipeline Process Asphalt lum . (gallons :

containment storage acklledAcids/Bascs Missing pieces

Pipeline : Hydrazine'

Stoma water4

SoheutSoil .. Other

cuovelanceRemoved PCB Oils Etched/Degraded Oil s

Stoma waterS Pipeline : Sewer Other

containment tor-SVOCs O[her/Desaiption Unidentified liqui d

6 Pipeline : Stoma Water Water conveyance Petroleum Fuel construction debris

Pipeline, Other Water containment natural debris (e .g .,7

describe storageGasoline

leavesHydraulic Pump Station Hazer comic material

8( )>S callous conve v

Hazardous material0 Stoi Vault: Chemical

containment/ storage

Cam cards

Ft" Vault

r

101Gid l real Jan;rials

Other/Description :

° d 1,aborntary £I'roceo>

Radionuclideg

Slid SanitaryChromium

Sump Biocides

Ahm -roaind StorageHerbicides

t'rdereround StorageP

taueen sides

Trans Tephenyl s

Patch (i .e., unspecifiedAnions

removed feature

Floor Drain Asbesto s

Manhole Fluoride

Shaft IIydrazinc

Other Mercu i

Nl\I .`,

Bum l'i Iii i<

Diox ii i0 1'1Hs

Other:

Table A-1Building Feature Inspection Checklist, Pre-Demolition Building Evaluatio n

(page 2of2)

re- er n

GPS Proximity to Likelihood of Soil Liquid Liquid Sampl ePID Coordinate Inspector (first Inspection Inspection Photo Direction / Likelihood of Nearest Chemical Impact from Sampling Sample Soil Sample Analyses Liquid Sample Sample Analyses

Reading Comments s ini k last name) Date Time Orientation Photo ID Impact from Feature Use Area (ft) Other Source Recommended Name Requested Collected Name Requeste d

Loolhi I1, 00#A-00#ZLlkely(to be sample d

re-demonYes, PreDerh, % Solid, 02216) Yes Anion, (3000)

Potential (to be

emu led osLdemoYes, Pc,1 Drnio Tol I Solids (160 3) No Asbc-1 -

'Unlikely no sampling

hiy eel I' .~I1 du o

hookhi vorth warranted) . 3-I'l, IC k11 . .~ rnl BTI .~Wzirantn l

Looking Northeast No Din - Forms (8290/1613)Flo-,'Furais (829 0!161 3

Looking East Energetic Compounds (8330A)Energetic Compound s

8330A

Looking Southeast Chromium \l 19( c?199)Chromium VI (F.P A

71 9fi A

Looking South Herbicide=. 1 i Herbicides \I ? 1

Looking Southwest Hydrazine I lie 315 Hydrazine \e 1

Looking West Mercury ( I Mercur

Looking Northwest Meta1E (601016020B) Mel il- 010t6020B)

PCT, (808], NDU 1( '

Pet,hlorat, 11 83'1 PCI S

PetI d,Perchlcrcre (ILO,,8321 ,

pH (9C45( Pesticides 1

Radionucliek-p1] l u90001901 .1/903 .1/905 .0/9 6 .0

PolychlorinatedTetphenyls Radionuclide8015M 900 .0/901 1 ;., .1 .11905

SVOCS / PAHs (8270 SIM)Polychlorimr-d

Te II NuL

SVOCSw/TIC Screen (82'OC)NAHS S270

~IA I

Terphenyl (8015B)lie scree n

TPH (8015B) Terph, 41II)

1, 1 1' 0] TPI I$Ir :

Formaldehyde (8315A) -'60] n

C 1,,'01' 71111 IForma del

berv:-, Cyanid, I '

Other(s)

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