Building Envelop by Engr. Julian Bott (2)
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Transcript of Building Envelop by Engr. Julian Bott (2)
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Award-winning, multidisciplinary consulting engineers
Innovative, deliverable solutions for the built environment
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Cundall
ServicesBuilding services
Civil engineering
Structural engineering
Ecologically sustainable design
Geotechnical engineering
IT & Communications
TransportationUtil ities management
Critical systems
Advisory services
Fire engineeringSpecialist lighting
AustraliaChinaHong KongCyprusLibyaSpain
RomaniaUAEUK
Hong Kong
UK
Aust ral ia
UAE Shanghai
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Leaders in building design
Building Services Awards• Major Project of the Year (2009)• Innovation of the Year (2009)• International Achievement Award (2009)
Sustainable Building Services Awards• Sustainable Refurbishment Award (2007)• Sustainabili ty Champion of the Year (2008)
BCO Awards• Innovation of the Year (2008)• Best of the Best (2007)• plus numerous regional BCO awards
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Cundall
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Specialised Services
Sustainable Focus and Specialised services
Sustainable Masterplanning Advise:
Sustainability strategic advicePlanningEnergy infrastructureWater infrastructure advice
Drainage and water treatment adviceMicroclimate AnalysisSun & Wind analysisDistrict cooling and heating design
Rating tool assessments (LEED, BEAM etc)Energy & Daylight ModellingLow Energy Systems DesignFaçade thermal and daylight designBuilding integrated renewable
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Cundall
SectorsCommercial Office
Residential
InfrastructureIndustrial
Hospitality
Healthcare
Retail
Aged Care
LEEDBREEAMHK-BEAM
GREEN MARKGREEN STARCASBEE
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Highest Rated Buildings
SA Water AdelaideFirst 6 Star Green Star Certified building in SAEarned most Green Star points in history
33 Breakfast Creek Rd, BrisbaneFirst 6 Star Green Star Certified building in QLD
The Gauge, MelbourneFirst 6 Star Green Star Certified
speculative office building in Australia
The Ark, Sydney6 Star Green Star Certified building in NSW
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33 Breakfast Creek Road,Brisbane, Australia
33 Breakfast Creek Road, Brisbane6 star Green Star – Office Design
All Active Chilled Beam
100% outside air
Façade design to reduce loads and reduce infiltration
Heat recovery and thermal wheels to precondition air
Cundall role: All building services & ESD
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Rouse Hill Town Centre, Sydney180,000m² retail & mixed-use town centre development completed 2007
Semi-outdoor mall environment
25% reduction in ecological footprint
40% energy saving and 60% water saving
Banksia Environmental Award 2008
AJC, Rice Daubney and GSA Group
Outdoor Retail Mall
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Rouse Hill Outcomes
• All retailers completed an EcologicalFootprint calculator
• Several major tenants launch new ‘Green’Stores
• Waste is recycled and/or sent to biogas
generation
• Green Travel
• Recycled content
• Over 130,000 tonnes of recycled materialsused in construction
• Community and schools educationprogram
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Building Upgrades
CAE HeadquartersShenzhenShenzhen (border with HKSAR)Target LEED GOLD Refurbishment
• Radiant Slab Cooling with UFAD• 15-20% lower energy than
upgrading to ASHRAE 90.1 systems• 30% Increased O/A rates withthermal wheel heat recovery AHU• Rainwater & Condensate recoveryand re-use
• Double skin High performancefaçade, double glazing• Solar PV and Hot Water • Roof garden• Re-use fitout materials
• Recycled construction Waste• Low VOC paints
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China projects
DaZhongLi Development,Shanghai, Swire Properties
Sustainability consultancy
•310,000 m² GFA mixed development
•2 offices towers, 3 hotels, 1 shopping mall
•Targeting LEED Gold rating
Features:
•Low energy façade
•High efficiency & resilience MEP system
•CHP for dist rict heating and cooling
•Recycle rainwater, condensate & grey water •Renewable energy integration – BIPV, SHW
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Ascendas iHub
Suzhou, China
iHub, Suzhou - Ascendas
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Reflection
How do I convince my clients?
How expensive is it to go green ?
Many skills and the desire is here
How do we get mass market focus?
Reflection on local issues
We can’t afford the technology
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1990s
Supply Supply + Demand
2000
‘Green’becomes a
valueproposition
2009
‘Green’develops
vision
SustainabilityReactionary - Reducing Unsustainability
‘Green’introducedto industry
‘Green’becomes
defined andmeasured
Architecture Inspired Green Analysis
Mass Demand
Purpose Creation
Green Evolution
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Government Policy Market forces
How Legislation to targetworst practises
Rating systems to define value
What Prescriptive requirements•Fabric (Glazing,insulation)•Equipment efficiency
Early adopters sought recognition
Competition Demand
Demand fuelled innovation
Now Performance targets•Energy targets
Rating systems upgradedHigher targets set
Future Future legislation willpenalise high carbonusers
CSR and carbon reportingDow Jones Sustainability index
Two driving forces in green building
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Environment
• Greenhouse Gases• Waste reduction
• Water saving• Renewables
Goals for the market
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Environment• Greenhouse Gases
• Waste• Water • Renewables• Indoor Air Quality
Economic
• Return on investment• Running costs• Occupant satisfaction• Investment in Quality
Joint Objectives
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External Environment
• Greenhouse Gases• Waste• Water • Renewables• Indoor Air Quality
Economic
• Running costs• Return on investment• Occupant satisfaction• Investment in Quality
EnvironmentalSustainability BusinessSustainability
Understanding your clients
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Environment
• Greenhouse Gases• Waste• Water
• Renewables
• Indoor Air Quality
Economic
• Running costs• Return on investment• Occupant satisfaction• Investment in Quality
Sustainability
EnvironmentalSustainability
BusinessSustainability
Create a link
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Environment
• Greenhouse Gases• Waste & Water
• Indoor Environment• Renewables
Economics
• Running costs• Return on investment• Occupant satisfaction• Investment in Quality
Sustainability
EnvironmentalSustainability
BusinessSustainability
Social
• Urban planning• Mobility
• Quality of living• Culture and History
SocialSustainability
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Related benefits
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Green Cities
Green Buildings
GreenReal Estate
GreenOrganisations
Green Evolution
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How to move towards greener buildings?
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Keep it Simple
Integrated Design
Brief
Concept
Design
Delivery
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Sustainability Strategy
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What’s important
MasterPlanning
ConceptDesign
DetailDesign Construct Operate
l b d
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Steps to lower carbon in design
Design Criteria
Passive Design
Internal Loads
Energy Efficiency
HeatRecovery
On-site
renewables
?
Comfort criteria, lighting levels,fresh air quantity, operating hours
Form: daylight & natural ventilationFabric: insulation, facade, thermal mass
Lighting & Equipment (W/m2)Controls – turn off
Heating, cooling & ventilation systemsControl strategy
Air to air, waste heat from chillers Aquifer Thermal Storage
biomass, geothermal, solar, wind
fuel cells?
off site renewables
R e
d u c
i n g e n e r g y c o n s u m p
t i o n
R e n e w a
b l e s
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Design Response
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Site
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Climate Responsive
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Trends – Summer all winds
Prevailing Conditions
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Site
Built Form
EnvelopeServices
Resources
DesignResponse
Built Form
Design response – Built Form
B il F
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Built Form
Built Form• Does the floor plan suit the use of daylighting and natural
ventilation?
• Can courtyards or atriums be used to increase natural light /ventilation?
• How does the built form affect services design?
• Can it be used to exploit prevailing site condit ions?
• Can the thermal mass of structural systems be used beneficially?
• Are green roofs viable?
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Built Form – orientation
North SouthOrientation
Effective
ExternalShading
East WestOrientation
Difficult toShade
Cl d V O B
http://g/support/eco/module.eco
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Leasing PreferenceClosed Box
Open Street Mall
Closed Vs Open Box
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Thermal Comfort – Do we need AC 22-24 Degrees
Air Temperature
Radiant Temperature
Air Speed
Relative Humidity
Clothing Level
Activi ty Level0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Air Vel oci ty m /s
S E T T e m p e r a
t u r e
( o ) C
Summer 30 Mid-Season 20 Winter 14
Lower Limit Upper Limit
OUT_SET
StandardEffectiveTemperature(SET)
provides acomfort indexthat factors in allelements ofcomfort and
returns a singletemperaturereference point
Open Street Malls
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Open Street Malls
Raise setpoint in malls
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Raise setpoint in malls
Promote and improve outdoor comfort
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Promote and improve outdoor comfort
Underfloor natural cooling Shading Landscaping
Inspired by Traditional Filipino Architecture
bahay -kubo
Living quarters are raised aboveground and kept cool with stone floor
below and airflow through slotted floor
Landscaping to create a microclimate and provide water features for evaporative cooling
Daylight streets & buildings
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Daylight streets & buildings
Daylight to develop form
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y g p
Westfield Centrepoint, Sydney
Atrium cut-outs for significantlyimproved daylight
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Daylight AnalysisFor Tropical Climate
Retail improved internal space
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p p
Daylight
Design Response - Envelope
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Site
Built Form
EnvelopeServices
Resources
DesignResponse
Envelope
Design Response Envelope
Envelope
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p
Envelope• Is the building to be sealed tight or is the envelope to
breathe?
• What glazed area is desired: full height, strip or punched?How does this affect mechanical and electrical services?
• Is external shading suitable? Should this be fixed or
adjustable?• What is the whole-of-life cost of the façade system?
• What are comfort and daylight implications of different
facade options?• Does the building fabric meet or exceed code requirements
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Envelope & energy
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Advances in Glazing
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Advances in Glazing
Glazing Colour
ShadingCoefficient
Sc
Visible LightTransmittance
VLT
Energy
Day
light
Standard Double Glazed Clear 0.7 70%
Double Glazed Tinted Grey 0.3 30%
Double Glazed Low ESpectrally reflective Light Grey 0.26 45%
Double Glazed Low ESpectrally reflective
Neutral 0.28 55%
Double Glazed Low ESpectrally reflective Clear 0.4 60%
Illustration depicts single-, double-, and triple-silver-coated glasstechnology.
Beyond Low E
Spectrally selective glazing
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Shading
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Shading
Shading optimisation
•Detailed analysis of façade
•Shading can be optimised on eachfaçade where necessary
•Reduce peak loads and energyconsumption
•Reduced OTTV
Design response - Services
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Site
Built Form
EnvelopeServices
Resources
DesignResponse
Services
Concept Design
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Energy Modelling• Predict energy consumption• Predict occupants comfort
• Advise on building form, façade• Advise on M&E options
Option Studies
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0
100
200
300
400
500
VAV Underfloor Air Passive
Chilled
Beam Active
Chilled
Beam Active
Chilled
Beam & Inffusers Active
&
Passive
Chilled Beam Underfloor
&
no
ceiling
Central plant & AHU On floor system Ceiling & Sprinkle r Raised floor & Sprinkler
Conceptual Design
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VS1 Project, AdelaideFloor layout
Atrium – light, air, connectivityFaçadeServices – ceiling v floor air Water & energy systems
Welcome Trust Ceiling(Completed 2005)
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Fresh air introduced to the space via apressurised floor void at 2.3l/s per m²
Naturally ventilated façade system reduces the solar gain into the space.
Radiant Cooling ceiling panelsWith exposed slab (thermal mass)
Passive chilled beams
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The Gauge, Melbourne6 Star Green Star
Efficient lighting
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Improving TechnologiesGaN LED – 10x cheaper (available in 2011?)
Task lights Modelling lighting options
Not all light fittings are the same!
62W but 30% more light output61W light fitting
Office lighting nowtargets 5-6W/m2
Saving 50%-75% onconventional design
Radiant cooling
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CAE HeadquartersShenzhen, ChinaShenzhen (border with HKSAR)Target LEED GOLD Refurbishment
• Radiant Slab Cooling with UFAD
• 20-25% lower energy than upgradingto ASHRAE 90.1 standard
• 30% Increased O/A rates with thermalwheel heat recovery AHU
• Rainwater & Condensate recovery
• Double skin High performance façade,double glazing
New Building Design
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VS1 Project, Adelaide6 star Green Star – Office Design
•Underfloor air
•100% outside air
•No heat recovery – relies on widertemperature band and Adelaide climate – wide economy cycle
•Fritted glass veil to west
•Shading to north and south
•Performance double glazing
•340kWe cogeneration with absorptionchiller
Cundall role: ESD & concept designs
Underfloor AC
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VS1 Building, Adelaide• Underfloor air conditioning
• 100% Outside air provided under most operating conditions
• Cooling from the floor only
• Improved fresh air to occupants
Façade design is fundamental
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VS1 Building, Adelaide
8m
Horizontal walkwaysblock high angle sun
Fritted glass reduceslow angle sun
Conclusion
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Design for the climate – STOP using energy to compensate for
lack of climate responsive design
Create positive visions – create and understand the value of
building green
New ways of thinking – think beyond the boundary of building
design
Collaborate with clients – leave the client knowing more
What’s needed?
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Common goals for the industry – common reporting and benchmarks
Clear government direction & strong policy - we can’t rely on theindustry alone if we are to influence all buildings
Technology & skills exist for cost effective solutions
Time to complete design & focus on operation
Evaluation of buildings actual performance – The long term focus
needs to be on the results
How can we help ?
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• Quantify and evaluate the design options
• Guide our clients towards cost effective solutions
• Identify the cost effective solutions specific to the climate and
building type
• Introduce the whole building design approach to building
services by designing the building to be energy efficient.
• Challenge the standard approach to engineering design.
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www.cundall.com